Appendix C - Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment - Peabody Energy

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Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment North Wambo Underground Mine Modification One culturally scarred tree Wambo Site 360 (ST3) was identified close to a previously identified artefact scatter (Wambo Site 57). The survey revealed that the tree was in fair condition showed evidence of mechanical wounding in addition to the potential cultural scar. It was located in an open paddock area that had been highly disturbed by previous farming practices. A number of similar sized ironbark eucalypts were inspected in an area currently mined directly to the north east of the project area. These trees showed no adverse effects from any recent or historic underground mining works. 108453-2; October 2012 Page 45
Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment North Wambo Underground Mine Modification 7.0 Significance Assessment In order to develop appropriate heritage management outcomes, it is necessary for the significance of Aboriginal sites or areas of archaeological sensitivity to be assessed. Aboriginal heritage can be significant for cultural and/or scientific reasons. Aboriginal people are the best placed to assess cultural significance and are therefore consulted in the Aboriginal heritage management process. Scientific (archaeological) significance is assessed according to scientific criteria outlined in OEH heritage guidelines. 7.1 Cultural Significance Criteria and Assessment An assessment of cultural significance incorporates a range of values which may vary for different individual groups and may relate to both the natural and cultural characteristics of places or sites. Cultural significance and Aboriginal cultural views can only be determined by the Aboriginal community using their own knowledge of the sites and their own value system. As the cultural significance is a criterion that only Aboriginal people can assess, a detailed appraisal of cultural significance for the project area has not been included as part of this study. However, response and comment on the project area was discussed with Aboriginal representatives during the August 2011 survey. The Aboriginal stakeholders stated that the isolated finds and artefact scatters were of some cultural significance in relation to the other sites in the Stony Creek area. The Aboriginal stakeholders did not consider the flood plain area to have any specific cultural heritage significance as this area was not suitable to have been used for shelter and there was no evidence of any cultural heritage material in the area other than three isolated finds. The possible scar tree Wambo Site 360 (ST3) was considered to be culturally significant and was thought to be a good example of the method used for extracting bark from such trees. Another tree was inspected with a long wound high up in the tree. The Aboriginal stakeholders agreed that the tree had been damaged and was likely not a culturally scarred tree because the elongated scar was very high up in the tree and the tree had been damaged by lightning. The Aboriginal stakeholders indicated they were satisfied with the extent of the survey, the ground truthing of previously identified sites and the methodology used to record newly identified sites. They expressed their wishes that any artefact scatters or isolated finds that might be impacted on by vehicular access or by potential subsidence be salvaged and placed in the temporary keeping place for repatriation in the future. Further details are included in the Aboriginal consultation log (Refer Appendix 3 & Appendix 4). 7.2 Archaeological Significance Criteria Archaeological significance, also referred to as scientific significance, is determined by assessing an Aboriginal heritage site or area according to archaeological criteria. The assessment of archaeological significance is used to develop appropriate heritage management and impact mitigation strategies. Criteria for archaeological significance have been developed in accordance with the principals of the Code of Practice for Archaeological Investigation of Aboriginal Objects in New South Wales (DECCW 2010), managed by OEH. The following archaeological significance criteria have been used: rarity, representativeness, integrity, connectedness, complexity and research potential and are defined in Table 15. 108453-2; October 2012 Page 46
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Appendix C - Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment - Peabody Energy

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