Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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n •-• - - .-►~~-r~ - Plate 8 Bates soil profile (Gleyed Eluviated Melanic Brun/se q. - These imperfectly drained, silty soils have developed from loLa l stream deposits and have a moderately leached subsurface layer. In the photo this layer is at 6 to 12 in. (15 to 30 cm). Underlying ;s a moderately structured, mottled, slightly clay enriched zone to a ' ' I t 2.5 ft. (75 cm) . The dark-coloured bands near the bottor, e profile are buried, old surface ,
BEHARREL SOILS . (BL) Location and Extent : Beharrel soils occur mostly in the central part of Matsqui Valley with lesser areas i n Glen Valley. There are about 310 ha of pure map units and 200 ha of soil complexes dominated by Beharrel soils . The complexes are mainly with Bates and Hazelwood soils . Topography and Elevation : Gently sloping to undulating with slopes between 2 and 6 percent is the usua l topography of Beharrel soils . They lie between 5 and 10 m above sea level . Parent Material and Texture : Beharrel soils have developed from moderately fine to fine-textured, verticall y accreted, stone-free, Fraser River floodplain deposits with some inclusions of local stream deposits . Thi n organic strata alternating with thicker mineral layers are often present below 50 cm . Surface and subsurfac e textures range from silty clay loam to silty clay. The subsoil is usually silty clay loam, grading gradually to sil t loam below about 80 cm . Soil Moisture Characteristics : Beharrel soils are moderately poorly to poorly drained . They are slowly t o moderately pervious and have high water holding capacity and moderate to slow surface runoff . The watertable is near the surface during much of the winter but recedes to 1 m or more during the growing season . I n slightly depressional areas surface water accumulates temporarily during heavy, prolonged rains . General Soil Description : Beharrel soils have a very dark gray, firm, clayey, cultivated surface layer abou t 20 cm thick which is underlain by a gray, leached, 10 cm layer containing common, reddish mottles . This, i n turn, is underlain by a very firm, strongly structured (prismatic), dark gray or brownish-gray, clay accumulatio n layer about 20 cm thick containing common, brownish mottles . Under this is 50 cm or more of gray or light gray , massive, silty material containing some yellowish-brown mottles and thin, black organic strata . Soil reactio n grades from medium acid in the upper soil to slightly acid in the subsoil (1 :1 H 2 O) . Soil classification is Humic Luvic Gleysol. Commonly Associated Soils : Hazelwood, Bates, Hallert and Sim soils are often closely associated wit h Beharrel soils . Hazelwood and Sim soils differ from Beharrel soils by having a black surface layer high in organi c matter. They also lack a well-defined clay accumulation zone in the subsurface . Sim soils are also silty rathe r than clayey in texture . Bates soils differ by also being silty as well as occupying slightly higher topographi c positions and being imperfectly drained . Hallert soils differ by consisting of alternating strata of organic an d silty material . They are also .more poorly drained than Beharrel soils . Vegetation : Most areas of Beharrel soils are cleared and cultivated . The few, small, remaining uncleared area s support cottonwood, willow and other deciduous trees and shrubs . Rooting is restricted mainly to the upper 5 0 cm of soil, due to the periodic high watertables and dense, clayey subsurface layers . General Land Use Comments : (1) Beharrel soils are presently used mainly for forages and some grai n although other annual crops are suited also . Artificial drainage improves productivity of these crops as well a s the maintenance of overwintering perennials . Heavy, sticky soil textures have high power requirements fo r cultivation . (2) Relatively low bearing strengths and high watertables impede building and road construction . High watertables also make basements and other excavations impractical and poor septic tank effluen t disposal occurs because of high watertables and slow permeability . (3) Productivity of cottonwood on Beharre l soils is estimated to be between 9 and 12 m 3/ha/yr. 33
Page 1 and 2: Soils of the Langley-Vancouver Map
Page 3 and 4: Province of British Columbi a Minis
Page 5 and 6: INTRODUCTION The first soil survey
Page 7 and 8: HOW TO USE THE SOIL MAPS AND REPORT
Page 9 and 10: INTRODUCTION HOW TO USE THE SOIL MA
Page 11 and 12: Lulu Soils (LU) Lumbum Soils (LM) L
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Location a
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF PLATES (Continued) Plate 30
Page 17 and 18: LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Avera
Page 19 and 20: Plate i view northward over downtow
Page 21 and 22: during the growing season (May to S
Page 23 and 24: Plate 3 Dyke along the Fraser River
Page 25 and 26: SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC DEPOSITS Several
Page 27 and 28: ---------------- TABLE 2 The relati
Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER TWO SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER THREE DESCRIPTION OF THE SO
Page 33 and 34: UPLANDS STREA M Figure 6. A schemat
Page 35 and 36: Description of the Soils
Page 37 and 38: n Plate 5 Abbotsford soil profile (
Page 39 and 40: - _ I Plate 6 Landscape typical of
Page 41 and 42: General Soil Description : Albion s
Page 43 and 44: ANNACIS SOILS (AS) Location and Ext
Page 45 and 46: ARNOLD SOILS . (AR) Location and Ex
Page 47: BATES SOILS (BT) Location and Exten
Page 51 and 52: BERRY SOILS (BR) Location and Exten
Page 53 and 54: BLANEY SOILS . (BE) Location and Ex
Page 55 and 56: BONSON SOILS (BN) Location and Exte
Page 57 and 58: ' - -_) - r or - ' _ ti _ L , -~ s,
Page 59 and 60: BUCKERFIELD SOILS (BK) Location and
Page 61 and 62: Plate 13 Buntzen soil profiie -. -H
Page 63 and 64: CALKINS SOILS (CN) Location and Ext
Page 65 and 66: CAPILANO SOILS . (CP) Location and
Page 67 and 68: CASCADE SOILS . (CC) Location and E
Page 69 and 70: CHEHALIS SOILS (CS) Location and Ex
Page 71 and 72: Plate 14 Cloverdale soil pro/0e fHu
Page 73 and 74: COLUMBIA SOILS Location and Extent
Page 75 and 76: COQUITLAM SOILS . (CO) Location and
Page 77 and 78: subsurface layers to extremely acid
Page 79 and 80: DEAS SOILS (DS) Location and Extent
Page 81 and 82: DELTA SOILS (DT) Location and Exten
Page 83 and 84: Plate 20 Dennett soil profile (Typi
Page 85 and 86: DEWDNEY SOILS (DW) Location and Ext
Page 87 and 88: DURIEU SOILS (DU) Location and Exte
Page 89 and 90: ELK SOILS (EK) Location and Extent
Page 91 and 92: EMBREE SOILS : (EM) Location and Ex
Page 93 and 94: ERROCK SOILS (ER) Location and Exte
Page 95 and 96: FADDEN SOILS (FD) Location and Exte
Page 97 and 98: FELLOWS SOILS . (FS) Location and E
Page 99 and 100:
GLEN VALLEY SOIL S Location and Ext
Page 101 and 102:
GOLDEN EARS SOILS . (GE) t . Locati
Page 103 and 104:
GOODY SOILS (GY) Location and Exten
Page 105 and 106:
GRIGG SOILS (GG ) Location and Exte
Page 107 and 108:
GUICHON SOILS (GU) Location and Ext
Page 109 and 110:
HAMMOND SOILS . (HA) Location and E
Page 111 and 112:
HARRISON SOILS . (HR) Location and
Page 113 and 114:
HAZELWOOD SOILS (HD) Location and E
Page 115 and 116:
HERON SOILS (HN ) Location and Exte
Page 117 and 118:
HOLLYBURN SOILS (HB) Location and E
Page 119 and 120:
HOPEDALE SOILS (HP) Location and Ex
Page 121 and 122:
JUDSON SOILS (JN) Location and Exte
Page 123 and 124:
KENNEDY SOILS , -n Plate 26 A t ypi
Page 125 and 126:
KENWORTHY SOILS (KW) Location and E
Page 127 and 128:
KITTER SOILS (K) Location and Exten
Page 129 and 130:
(L) Commonly Associated Soils : Del
Page 131 and 132:
LANGLEY SOILS (LA) Location and Ext
Page 133 and 134:
LEHMAN SOILS . (LH) Location and Ex
Page 135 and 136:
LIONS SOILS (LS) Location and Exten
Page 137 and 138:
LONZO CREEK SOILS ,(LZ) Location an
Page 139 and 140:
(LU ) Pate 30 Lodgepole pine is a c
Page 141 and 142:
LYNDEN SOILS (LY) Location and Exte
Page 143 and 144:
L r4 . Li- -_, - Plate 32 Marble Hi
Page 145 and 146:
MATHEWS SOILS (MW) Location and Ext
Page 147 and 148:
=-'~ squi soil profile (Eluviated E
Page 149 and 150:
McELVEE SOILS (ME) Location and Ext
Page 151 and 152:
MILNER SOILS (ML) Location and Exte
Page 153 and 154:
(M) General Land Use Comments : (1)
Page 155 and 156:
General Land Use Comments : (1) Mur
Page 157 and 158:
NEPTUNE SOILS (NP) Location and Ext
Page 159 and 160:
(N) General Land Use Comments : (1)
Page 161 and 162:
NIVEN SOILS (NN) Location and Exten
Page 163 and 164:
PALISADE SOILS (PA) Location and Ex
Page 165 and 166:
equired to ensure soil instability
Page 167 and 168:
PELLY SOILS (Pl ) Location and Exte
Page 169 and 170:
POIGNANT SOILS (PT) Location and Ex
Page 171 and 172:
PREST SOILS (PR) Location and Exten
Page 173 and 174:
ROACH SOILS (RH) Location and Exten
Page 175 and 176:
ROSS SOILS (RS) Location and Extent
Page 177 and 178:
(RD ) Plate 37 Ryder soil profile (
Page 179 and 180:
BARDIS SOILS (SD) Location and Exte
Page 181 and 182:
SCAT SOILS Location and Extent : Sc
Page 183 and 184:
SEABIRD SOILS (SB) Location and Ext
Page 185 and 186:
SECRECY SOILS (SL) Location and Ext
Page 187 and 188:
SHALISH SOILS Location and Extent :
Page 189 and 190:
SIM SOILS (SI) Location and Extent
Page 191 and 192:
STAVE SOILS Location and Extent : S
Page 193 and 194:
STEELHEAD SOILS Location and Extent
Page 195 and 196:
STRACHAN SOILS (SN) Location and Ex
Page 197 and 198:
SU MAS SOILS so_ Location and Exten
Page 199 and 200:
SUMMER SOILS (SR) Location and Exte
Page 201 and 202:
SURREY SOILS (SU ) Location and Ext
Page 203 and 204:
TSAWWASSEN SOILS (TS) Location and
Page 205 and 206:
VEDDER SOILS (VD) Location and Exte
Page 207 and 208:
Plate 39 Vinod soil profile (Rego G
Page 209 and 210:
(VY) Plate 4 1 Vye soil profile (Gl
Page 211 and 212:
General Land Use Comments : (1) Wes
Page 213 and 214:
WHATCOM SOIL S Plate 42 A typical u
Page 215 and 216:
W) Commonly Associated Soils : Scat
Page 217 and 218:
WIDGEON SOILS (WG ) Location and Ex
Page 219 and 220:
MISCELLANEOUS LAND TYPE S Miscellan
Page 221 and 222:
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Armstrong, J.
Page 223 and 224:
Luttmerding, H .A. and P.N . Sprout
Page 225 and 226:
oulders : Rock fragments over 60 cm
Page 227 and 228:
eluviation : The transportation of
Page 229 and 230:
lithic layer : Bedrock under the co
Page 231 and 232:
unoff : The portion of the total pr
Page 233 and 234:
Appendices
Page 235 and 236:
APPENDIX C Average Minimum and Maxi
Page 237 and 238:
Soil Name (Map Symbol) Simple Map U
Page 239 and 240:
APPENDIX F SOIL DRAINAGE CLASSES *
Page 241 and 242:
APPENDIX I SOIL REACTION CLASSES *
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