Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
ADDINGTON SOILS (AG) Location and Extent : Addington soils occur only between Sturgeon Slough and the south end of Pitt Lak e and on Siwash Island and Addington Point . These are about 510 ha of pure map units and 200 ha of soi l complexes dominated by Addington soils . The complexes are mainly with Sturgeon soils . Topography and Elevation : The topography is gently undulating to slightly depressional with slopes les s than 2 percent . Addington soils lie below 3 m above sea level . Parent Material and Texture : Addington soils have developed from shallow organic accumulation s overlying mixed Fraser, Alouette and Pitt River alluvium . The surface consists of 15 to 40 cm of moderately t o well-decomposed organic material . This overlies silt loam or loam which grades to medium or fine sand below about 100 cm of the soil surface . Soil Moisture Characteristics : Addington soils are very poorly drained . They are moderately pervious bu t the groundwater table is either near or above the soil surface for much of the year. They also have high wate r holding capacity and slow surface runoff . Runoff accumulation from adjacent highlands and seepage (as wel l as some flooding) from Pitt River and Pitt Lake are usual . General Soil Description : The surface layer consists of 15 to 40 cm of grayish-brown to black, muck y organic material containing many roots and with some silt and very fine sand admixed . Underlying this is a zone, usually 50 to 75 cm thick, of massive, olive-gray to grayish-brown, silty material containing a few, fin e reddish mottles . Below about 100 cm depth, massive, dark gray sands occur . Soil reaction varies from extremel y acid in the surface to very strongly acid in the subsoil . Soil classification is Rego Gleysol:peaty phase. Commonly Associated Soils : Widgeon and Sturgeon soils usually occur in close association wit h Addington soils . Widgeon soils differ from Addington soils in that they consist of 40 to 160 cm of partially - decomposed organic material . Sturgeon soils are slightly better drained than Addington soils, the surfac e organic layer is well decomposed and the subsoil textures are usually silt loam or silty clay loam . Vegetation : All areas of Addington soils are essentially in a natural state and support reeds, sedges, ree d canary grass, skunk cabbage, hardhack, sweet gale and other water tolerant species . A variable moss laye r (thin) is usually present on the soil surface . The rooting depth is generally restricted to the upper 60 cm by hig h watertables . General Land Use Comments : (1) All areas of Addington soils are undeveloped and extensive artificia l drainage works are required before these soils can be used for arable agriculture . They however have som e grazing potential in their present state . (2) Addington soils have low bearing strengths and very high watertables which makes road and building construction difficult . They are not suitable for excavations or septic tanks . (3) I n their present state Addington soils are unsuited for wood production because of excessive wetness an d common inundation . (4) Parts of the Addington soils areas are presently used for waterfowl production an d refuge and this type of enterprise could, perhaps, be expanded . 22
- _ I Plate 6 Landscape typical of soils developed from glaciomarine deposits. Whatcom and Nicholson soils occur on the tops and slopes of the undulations white Scat and Albion soils occupy the depression s 17- -7 ,•,r, 1 I ~ l L _ 1 I ~ r 7 ~ 1~ n I l- L - ' 1 ~ I!rr I -- I I " - I .~~~~"~ n # r~ I Â ~~ - -1t- ~ . I I L.= - t 1 ~ Î _ _ ~ i~4- -r -
- Page 1 and 2: Soils of the Langley-Vancouver Map
- Page 3 and 4: Province of British Columbi a Minis
- Page 5 and 6: INTRODUCTION The first soil survey
- Page 7 and 8: HOW TO USE THE SOIL MAPS AND REPORT
- Page 9 and 10: INTRODUCTION HOW TO USE THE SOIL MA
- Page 11 and 12: Lulu Soils (LU) Lumbum Soils (LM) L
- Page 13 and 14: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Location a
- Page 15 and 16: LIST OF PLATES (Continued) Plate 30
- Page 17 and 18: LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Avera
- Page 19 and 20: Plate i view northward over downtow
- Page 21 and 22: during the growing season (May to S
- Page 23 and 24: Plate 3 Dyke along the Fraser River
- Page 25 and 26: SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC DEPOSITS Several
- Page 27 and 28: ---------------- TABLE 2 The relati
- Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER TWO SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND
- Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER THREE DESCRIPTION OF THE SO
- Page 33 and 34: UPLANDS STREA M Figure 6. A schemat
- Page 35 and 36: Description of the Soils
- Page 37: n Plate 5 Abbotsford soil profile (
- Page 41 and 42: General Soil Description : Albion s
- Page 43 and 44: ANNACIS SOILS (AS) Location and Ext
- Page 45 and 46: ARNOLD SOILS . (AR) Location and Ex
- Page 47 and 48: BATES SOILS (BT) Location and Exten
- Page 49 and 50: BEHARREL SOILS . (BL) Location and
- Page 51 and 52: BERRY SOILS (BR) Location and Exten
- Page 53 and 54: BLANEY SOILS . (BE) Location and Ex
- Page 55 and 56: BONSON SOILS (BN) Location and Exte
- Page 57 and 58: ' - -_) - r or - ' _ ti _ L , -~ s,
- Page 59 and 60: BUCKERFIELD SOILS (BK) Location and
- Page 61 and 62: Plate 13 Buntzen soil profiie -. -H
- Page 63 and 64: CALKINS SOILS (CN) Location and Ext
- Page 65 and 66: CAPILANO SOILS . (CP) Location and
- Page 67 and 68: CASCADE SOILS . (CC) Location and E
- Page 69 and 70: CHEHALIS SOILS (CS) Location and Ex
- Page 71 and 72: Plate 14 Cloverdale soil pro/0e fHu
- Page 73 and 74: COLUMBIA SOILS Location and Extent
- Page 75 and 76: COQUITLAM SOILS . (CO) Location and
- Page 77 and 78: subsurface layers to extremely acid
- Page 79 and 80: DEAS SOILS (DS) Location and Extent
- Page 81 and 82: DELTA SOILS (DT) Location and Exten
- Page 83 and 84: Plate 20 Dennett soil profile (Typi
- Page 85 and 86: DEWDNEY SOILS (DW) Location and Ext
- Page 87 and 88: DURIEU SOILS (DU) Location and Exte
ADDINGTON SOILS (AG)<br />
Location <strong>and</strong> Extent : Addington soils occur only between Sturgeon Slough <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> south end <strong>of</strong> Pitt Lak e<br />
<strong>and</strong> on Siwash Isl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Addington Point . These are about 510 ha <strong>of</strong> pure map units <strong>and</strong> 200 ha <strong>of</strong> soi l<br />
complexes dominated by Addington soils . The complexes are mainly with Sturgeon soils .<br />
Topography <strong>and</strong> Elevation : The topography is gently undulating to slightly depressional with slopes les s<br />
than 2 percent . Addington soils lie below 3 m above sea level .<br />
Parent Material <strong>and</strong> Texture : Addington soils have developed from shallow organic accumulation s<br />
overlying mixed Fraser, Alouette <strong>and</strong> Pitt River alluvium . The surface consists <strong>of</strong> 15 to 40 cm <strong>of</strong> moderately t o<br />
well-decomposed organic material . This overlies silt loam or loam which grades to medium or fine s<strong>and</strong> below<br />
about 100 cm <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> soil surface .<br />
Soil Moisture Characteristics : Addington soils are very poorly drained . They are moderately pervious bu t<br />
<strong>the</strong> groundwater table is ei<strong>the</strong>r near or above <strong>the</strong> soil surface for much <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> year. They also have high wate r<br />
holding capacity <strong>and</strong> slow surface run<strong>of</strong>f . Run<strong>of</strong>f accumulation from adjacent highl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> seepage (as wel l<br />
as some flooding) from Pitt River <strong>and</strong> Pitt Lake are usual .<br />
General Soil Description : The surface layer consists <strong>of</strong> 15 to 40 cm <strong>of</strong> grayish-brown to black, muck y<br />
organic material containing many roots <strong>and</strong> with some silt <strong>and</strong> very fine s<strong>and</strong> admixed . Underlying this is a<br />
zone, usually 50 to 75 cm thick, <strong>of</strong> massive, olive-gray to grayish-brown, silty material containing a few, fin e<br />
reddish mottles . Below about 100 cm depth, massive, dark gray s<strong>and</strong>s occur . Soil reaction varies from extremel y<br />
acid in <strong>the</strong> surface to very strongly acid in <strong>the</strong> subsoil . Soil classification is Rego Gleysol:peaty phase.<br />
Commonly Associated <strong>Soils</strong> : Widgeon <strong>and</strong> Sturgeon soils usually occur in close association wit h<br />
Addington soils . Widgeon soils differ from Addington soils in that <strong>the</strong>y consist <strong>of</strong> 40 to 160 cm <strong>of</strong> partially -<br />
decomposed organic material . Sturgeon soils are slightly better drained than Addington soils, <strong>the</strong> surfac e<br />
organic layer is well decomposed <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> subsoil textures are usually silt loam or silty clay loam .<br />
Vegetation : All areas <strong>of</strong> Addington soils are essentially in a natural state <strong>and</strong> support reeds, sedges, ree d<br />
canary grass, skunk cabbage, hardhack, sweet gale <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r water tolerant species . A variable moss laye r<br />
(thin) is usually present on <strong>the</strong> soil surface . The rooting depth is generally restricted to <strong>the</strong> upper 60 cm by hig h<br />
watertables .<br />
General L<strong>and</strong> Use Comments : (1) All areas <strong>of</strong> Addington soils are undeveloped <strong>and</strong> extensive artificia l<br />
drainage works are required before <strong>the</strong>se soils can be used for arable agriculture . They however have som e<br />
grazing potential in <strong>the</strong>ir present state . (2) Addington soils have low bearing strengths <strong>and</strong> very high watertables<br />
which makes road <strong>and</strong> building construction difficult . They are not suitable for excavations or septic tanks . (3) I n<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir present state Addington soils are unsuited for wood production because <strong>of</strong> excessive wetness an d<br />
common inundation . (4) Parts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Addington soils areas are presently used for waterfowl production an d<br />
refuge <strong>and</strong> this type <strong>of</strong> enterprise could, perhaps, be exp<strong>and</strong>ed .<br />
22