Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
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Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

sis.agr.gc.ca
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26.11.2014 Views

- MATSQUI SOILS Location and Extent : Matsebi sois occupy scattered locations on the Fraser River floodplain, mostly i n Matsqui Valley and on Nicorner Island . About 250 ha of pure map units and 1330 ha of soil complexe s dominated by Matsqui soils are classified . The complexes are generally with Monroe, Fairfield . Grevell , Dewdney and Page soil s Topography and Elevation : The topography of Matsqui soils is mostly undulating to gently rolling wit h some variation to gently undulating or moderately rolling . Slopes range from 1 to 10 percent . The soils usuall y occur on the higher parts of the associated landscape and elevations range between 4 and 15 m above se a level . Plate 33 Southward view over Nicome n Island towards Sumas Mountain. The undulating lowland is typical of the silty Frase r River floodplain . Well drained Monroe o r Matsqui soils are usual on the upper part o f the undulations, imperfectly drained Fair - field or Dewdney soils are general on the slopes while poorly drained Page soils occupy the deeper smiles. Parent Material and Texture : The parent material of Matsqui soils is shallow (15 to 50 cm thick), stone-free , - medium-textured, laterally accreted Fraser River floodplain deposits that overlie sand . Surface and subsurfac e - textures are mostly silt loam with some variation to fine sandy loam or loam while the subsoils are medium or fin e sand, sometimes containing thin, finer textured lenses Soil Moisture Characteristics : Matsqui soils are well to rr s .a .;ru :eiy well drained . They are moderately to rapidly pervious and have moderate water holding capacity ana slow to moderate surface runoff . Areas outsi d e the dykes may flood during the freshet season . depending on the height to which the Fraser River ris s - Temporary groundwater tables often develop in the lower subsoil during periods when the river is high or afte r - heavy, prolonged rai d . General Soil Description : Matsqui sods have a grayish-brown to dark grayish brown, friable . silty, cultivated surface about 20 cm thick, This is underlain by about 10 cm of brown or pale brown, weakly platy , friable, partially leached, silty material . Under this, in turn, is about 10 cm of brown to dark brown, friable , moderately blocky, silty material which is slightly enriched with eluviated clay and contains moderate amount s of clay flows and clay skins . This is underlain, usually abruptly, by grayish-brown to yellowish-brown, loose , single-grained sand containing thin, finer textured bands . Few to common, dark reddish brown to yellowish-re- 1 mottles sometimes occur below about 75 cm depth . Casts and other evidence of earthworm activity are ofi i present in the upper soil . Soil reaction varies from strongly or medium acid in the _caper part to menl _ - slightly acid in the subsoil . Soil classification is Eluviated Eutric Brunisol. 130

=-'~ squi soil profile (Eluviated Eutric Brunisol) . The soil typically con - sisfs Bin . (20 cm) of cultivated. silty material underlain by about 4 in . (10 - cm) red, silty material underlain by sand containing thin clay enriched le s at 2 ft. (60 ) depth. yL I = n Commonly Associated Soils : Monroe . Grevell . Dewdney. Fairfield, Seabird and Page soils usually occu r close association with Matsqui soils . Monroe soils are similar to Matsqui soils except that the depth to the erlying sand is more than 50 cm . Grevell and Seabird soils differ from Matsqui soils by being sandy to the rface . Seabird soils are also imperfectly drained . Fairfield and Dewdney soils have silty textures in the uppe r part similar to Matsqui soils, however, they also are imperfectly drained . Page soils are usually depressional i n relation to Matsqui soils and are poorly drained . Vegetation : Most areas of Matsqui sorts are cleared and cultivated. The natural vegetation in the remaining , t, tcleared areas is variable and includes black cottonwood, birch, coast Douglas-fir, western red cedar, vin e .Md bigleaf maple, occasional Sitka spruce, red alder, thimbleberry . salmonberry and blackberry. Rooting i s ricted to depths of at least 100 cm .

=-'~ squi soil pr<strong>of</strong>ile (Eluviated Eutric Brunisol) . The soil typically con -<br />

sisfs Bin . (20 cm) <strong>of</strong> cultivated. silty material underlain by about 4 in . (10<br />

- cm)<br />

red, silty material underlain by s<strong>and</strong> containing thin clay<br />

enriched le s at 2 ft. (60 ) depth. yL I = n<br />

Commonly Associated <strong>Soils</strong> : Monroe . Grevell . Dewdney. Fairfield, Seabird <strong>and</strong> Page soils usually occu r<br />

close association with Matsqui soils . Monroe soils are similar to Matsqui soils except that <strong>the</strong> depth to <strong>the</strong><br />

erlying s<strong>and</strong> is more than 50 cm . Grevell <strong>and</strong> Seabird soils differ from Matsqui soils by being s<strong>and</strong>y to <strong>the</strong><br />

rface . Seabird soils are also imperfectly drained . Fairfield <strong>and</strong> Dewdney soils have silty textures in <strong>the</strong> uppe r<br />

part similar to Matsqui soils, however, <strong>the</strong>y also are imperfectly drained . Page soils are usually depressional i n<br />

relation to Matsqui soils <strong>and</strong> are poorly drained .<br />

Vegetation : Most areas <strong>of</strong> Matsqui sorts are cleared <strong>and</strong> cultivated. The natural vegetation in <strong>the</strong> remaining ,<br />

t, tcleared areas is variable <strong>and</strong> includes black cottonwood, birch, coast Douglas-fir, western red cedar, vin e<br />

.Md bigleaf maple, occasional Sitka spruce, red alder, thimbleberry . salmonberry <strong>and</strong> blackberry. Rooting i s<br />

ricted to depths <strong>of</strong> at least 100 cm .

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