Soils of the - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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MARBLE HILL SOIL S Location and Extent : Marble Hill soils occupy substantial upland areas throughout the eastern part of th e map area . The largest areas are in the vicinities of Abbotsford and Mission . About 1610 ha of pure map units an d 1830 ha of soil complexes dominated by Marble Hill soils are mapped . The complexes are usually wit h Abbotsford, Ryder, Calkins and Laxton soils . Topography and Elevation : Topographically, Marble Hill soils vary from very gently sloping or gentl y undulating to hilly with slopes between 2 and 40 percent . Usually, however, they are undulating to gently rollin g with slopes from 4 to 15 percent . Elevations mostly lie between 30 and 100 m above sea level but some areas rise to 200 m . Parent Material and Texture : Marble Hill soils have developed from medium-textured, stone-free, eolia n deposits, greater than 50 cm thick, which overlie gravelly glaciofluvial deposits . The eolian material is mostly sil t loam, sometimes varying to loam or fine sandy loam, while the underlying glaciofluvial deposits are either sand y gravel or gravelly sand . Soil Moisture Characteristics : Marble Hill soils are well drained . They are moderately pervious and have moderate to high water holding capacity and slow surface runoff . General Soil Description : In uncleared areas Marble Hill soils have up to 5 cm of raw to well-decomposed , organic forest litter on the mineral soil surface . This is underlain by 50 cm or more of friable, weakly structured , silty material which ranges from dark reddish brown in the upper part to dark yellowish brown at depth an d contains variable amounts of rounded, hard, reddish concretions . The subsoil below the silty eolian material i s loose, single-grained gravel or gravelly sand, sometimes containing weakly cemented patches . Soil reaction i s strongly acid throughout . Soil classification is Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol. Commonly Associated Soils : Abbotsford, Ryder, Lonzo Creek, Calkins and Laxton soils often occur i n close association with Marble Hill soils . The surfaces of Abbotsford and Laxton soils are similar to that of Marbl e Hill soils . In Abbotsford soils however, the gravelly underlay occurs between 20 and 50 cm of the surface while , in Laxton soils, the underlay is sandy . Ryder and Lonzo Creek soils also have surfaces similar to Marble Hil l soils, however their subsoil is compact glacial till rather than gravelly glaciofluvial deposits . The glacial till i n Ryder soils occurs at depths greater than 50 cm while, in Lonzo Creek soils it is encountered between 20 and 5 0 cm of the surface . Calkins soils differ from Marble Hill soils by being poorly drained and having a black surface . Vegetation : Substantial areas of Marble Hill soils are cleared and cultivated . Uncleared areas support a variable forest which includes coast Douglas-fir, western hemlock, red alder, vine and bigleaf maple an d western red cedar. The undergrowth includes salai, bracken, Pacific dogwood, trailing blackberry and moss . Rooting depth is unrestricted . General Land Use Comments : (1) Marble Hill soils are suited for most agricultural crops althoug h adverse topography is limiting in some areas . They tend to become droughty during dry growing seasons an d irrigation is required to maintain good productivity . (2) Marble Hill soils are generally well suited for urban an d related uses . They are well-drained and the subsoil gravels provide good foundation conditions . Potentially, groundwater contamination can occur if septic tanks are intensively installed, due to incomplete filtration by th e coarse-textured subsoil . Areas of Marble Hill soils are potential aggregate sources . (3) Forest productivity i s moderate to high ; the main limitation seems to be soil moisture deficiencies during the latter parts of mos t growing seasons . Data from a limited number of plots indicates potential annual wood production by coas t Douglas-fir is about 7 .5 to 9 m 3/ha . 126
L r4 . Li- -_, - Plate 32 Marble Hill soil profile (Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol). _ These soils have developed in 50 cm or more of silty eolian material 9 gib overlying gravelly glaciofluvial deposits. In the photo the contact ~` between the two deposits is at about 2.5 ft. (75 cm). The darker • colour of the upper soil is due to its being moister than the underlying - - : ~- ; ~•' gravelly material . _ 127
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Soils of the Langley-Vancouver Map
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Province of British Columbi a Minis
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INTRODUCTION The first soil survey
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HOW TO USE THE SOIL MAPS AND REPORT
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INTRODUCTION HOW TO USE THE SOIL MA
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Lulu Soils (LU) Lumbum Soils (LM) L
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Location a
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LIST OF PLATES (Continued) Plate 30
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Avera
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Plate i view northward over downtow
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during the growing season (May to S
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Plate 3 Dyke along the Fraser River
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SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC DEPOSITS Several
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---------------- TABLE 2 The relati
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CHAPTER TWO SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND
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CHAPTER THREE DESCRIPTION OF THE SO
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UPLANDS STREA M Figure 6. A schemat
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Description of the Soils
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n Plate 5 Abbotsford soil profile (
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- _ I Plate 6 Landscape typical of
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General Soil Description : Albion s
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ANNACIS SOILS (AS) Location and Ext
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ARNOLD SOILS . (AR) Location and Ex
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BATES SOILS (BT) Location and Exten
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BEHARREL SOILS . (BL) Location and
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BERRY SOILS (BR) Location and Exten
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BLANEY SOILS . (BE) Location and Ex
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BONSON SOILS (BN) Location and Exte
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' - -_) - r or - ' _ ti _ L , -~ s,
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BUCKERFIELD SOILS (BK) Location and
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Plate 13 Buntzen soil profiie -. -H
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CALKINS SOILS (CN) Location and Ext
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CAPILANO SOILS . (CP) Location and
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CASCADE SOILS . (CC) Location and E
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CHEHALIS SOILS (CS) Location and Ex
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Plate 14 Cloverdale soil pro/0e fHu
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COLUMBIA SOILS Location and Extent
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COQUITLAM SOILS . (CO) Location and
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subsurface layers to extremely acid
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DEAS SOILS (DS) Location and Extent
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DELTA SOILS (DT) Location and Exten
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Plate 20 Dennett soil profile (Typi
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DEWDNEY SOILS (DW) Location and Ext
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DURIEU SOILS (DU) Location and Exte
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ELK SOILS (EK) Location and Extent
Page 91 and 92: EMBREE SOILS : (EM) Location and Ex
Page 93 and 94: ERROCK SOILS (ER) Location and Exte
Page 95 and 96: FADDEN SOILS (FD) Location and Exte
Page 97 and 98: FELLOWS SOILS . (FS) Location and E
Page 99 and 100: GLEN VALLEY SOIL S Location and Ext
Page 101 and 102: GOLDEN EARS SOILS . (GE) t . Locati
Page 103 and 104: GOODY SOILS (GY) Location and Exten
Page 105 and 106: GRIGG SOILS (GG ) Location and Exte
Page 107 and 108: GUICHON SOILS (GU) Location and Ext
Page 109 and 110: HAMMOND SOILS . (HA) Location and E
Page 111 and 112: HARRISON SOILS . (HR) Location and
Page 113 and 114: HAZELWOOD SOILS (HD) Location and E
Page 115 and 116: HERON SOILS (HN ) Location and Exte
Page 117 and 118: HOLLYBURN SOILS (HB) Location and E
Page 119 and 120: HOPEDALE SOILS (HP) Location and Ex
Page 121 and 122: JUDSON SOILS (JN) Location and Exte
Page 123 and 124: KENNEDY SOILS , -n Plate 26 A t ypi
Page 125 and 126: KENWORTHY SOILS (KW) Location and E
Page 127 and 128: KITTER SOILS (K) Location and Exten
Page 129 and 130: (L) Commonly Associated Soils : Del
Page 131 and 132: LANGLEY SOILS (LA) Location and Ext
Page 133 and 134: LEHMAN SOILS . (LH) Location and Ex
Page 135 and 136: LIONS SOILS (LS) Location and Exten
Page 137 and 138: LONZO CREEK SOILS ,(LZ) Location an
Page 139 and 140: (LU ) Pate 30 Lodgepole pine is a c
Page 141: LYNDEN SOILS (LY) Location and Exte
Page 145 and 146: MATHEWS SOILS (MW) Location and Ext
Page 147 and 148: =-'~ squi soil profile (Eluviated E
Page 149 and 150: McELVEE SOILS (ME) Location and Ext
Page 151 and 152: MILNER SOILS (ML) Location and Exte
Page 153 and 154: (M) General Land Use Comments : (1)
Page 155 and 156: General Land Use Comments : (1) Mur
Page 157 and 158: NEPTUNE SOILS (NP) Location and Ext
Page 159 and 160: (N) General Land Use Comments : (1)
Page 161 and 162: NIVEN SOILS (NN) Location and Exten
Page 163 and 164: PALISADE SOILS (PA) Location and Ex
Page 165 and 166: equired to ensure soil instability
Page 167 and 168: PELLY SOILS (Pl ) Location and Exte
Page 169 and 170: POIGNANT SOILS (PT) Location and Ex
Page 171 and 172: PREST SOILS (PR) Location and Exten
Page 173 and 174: ROACH SOILS (RH) Location and Exten
Page 175 and 176: ROSS SOILS (RS) Location and Extent
Page 177 and 178: (RD ) Plate 37 Ryder soil profile (
Page 179 and 180: BARDIS SOILS (SD) Location and Exte
Page 181 and 182: SCAT SOILS Location and Extent : Sc
Page 183 and 184: SEABIRD SOILS (SB) Location and Ext
Page 185 and 186: SECRECY SOILS (SL) Location and Ext
Page 187 and 188: SHALISH SOILS Location and Extent :
Page 189 and 190: SIM SOILS (SI) Location and Extent
Page 191 and 192: STAVE SOILS Location and Extent : S
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STEELHEAD SOILS Location and Extent
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STRACHAN SOILS (SN) Location and Ex
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SU MAS SOILS so_ Location and Exten
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SUMMER SOILS (SR) Location and Exte
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SURREY SOILS (SU ) Location and Ext
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TSAWWASSEN SOILS (TS) Location and
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VEDDER SOILS (VD) Location and Exte
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Plate 39 Vinod soil profile (Rego G
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(VY) Plate 4 1 Vye soil profile (Gl
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General Land Use Comments : (1) Wes
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WHATCOM SOIL S Plate 42 A typical u
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W) Commonly Associated Soils : Scat
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WIDGEON SOILS (WG ) Location and Ex
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MISCELLANEOUS LAND TYPE S Miscellan
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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Armstrong, J.
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Luttmerding, H .A. and P.N . Sprout
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oulders : Rock fragments over 60 cm
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eluviation : The transportation of
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lithic layer : Bedrock under the co
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unoff : The portion of the total pr
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Appendices
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APPENDIX C Average Minimum and Maxi
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Soil Name (Map Symbol) Simple Map U
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APPENDIX F SOIL DRAINAGE CLASSES *
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APPENDIX I SOIL REACTION CLASSES *
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