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3. SOIL 16 ALL ABOUT POTATOES
4. SEED PREPARATION AND PRODUCTION 4 SEED PREPARATION AND PRODUCTION 4.1 Seed tubers and True Potato Seed Farmers generally use seed tubers to plant a new crop. However, there is an alternative known as True Potato Seed (TPS), which is the botanical seed of the potato plant. TPS is already in use in several potato producing countries, including India, Vietnam and Indonesia. TPS is not widely used in Indonesia due to a number of drawbacks. Table 6 summarizes the pros and cons of tuber seed and TPS. The remaining text of this chapter deals with seed tubers, generally referred to as ‘seed’. Table 6: Advantages and disadvantages of potato tuber seed versus True Potato Seed Advantages Disadvantages Tuber seed • Planting technique is relatively easy and familiar to farmers. • Seed tubers generally originate from local crops and are adapted to prevailing conditions. • Plants and tubers produced are the same as parent plants. • Crop growth duration is relatively short. • Seeds planted are already sprouting so there is a high likelihood they will grow quickly. • Production is stable when seeds are selected properly • Difficult for farmers to obtain quality seed. Many of the seeds produced by farmers are infected with viruses, nematodes and potato tuber moth larvae • Seeds need to be stored for a long time (3-4 months) before they are ready for planting • Seed storage and transportation is relatively expensive True Potato Seed • Small quantity of seed required - 120 g/ha, meaning seed cost is relatively low • Can be sown when needed. Seeds can be stored for long periods of time. When farmers need them, they can be immediately germinated. Germination takes 21 days. • Free from viruses and nematodes. High production potential. • Storage and transportation costs are relatively low • Cultivation is complicated and requires a lot of attention, particularly during germination. Specific training is recommended • Cultivation takes more than 120 days • Some plants and tubers display unusual characteristics 4.2 Seed generations We often hear farmers using the terms G0, G1, G2, G3, etc., for potato seed. Farmers consider G0 potatoes to be better than G1, G1 better than G2, and so on. But what does G actually mean? G stands for generation. G0 means generation 0, which is the original parenting stock from botanical seed or tissue culture. Explanations for the meanings of G0, G1, and so on, vary greatly from person to person. Some say that imported potatoes fresh from their crates are G0, so when they are planted their produce is G1. Others say that potatoes produced by tissue culture are G0 potatoes. A more important factor than generation is the necessity for using healthy seed, which to a certain extent is related to generation. A HANDBOOK TO THE ECOLOGY AND INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF POTATO 17
Page 2 and 3: Authors Editors Contributors Transl
Page 4 and 5: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL? HOW TO USE
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.4. Planting____
Page 8 and 9: TABLE OF CONTENTS vi ALL ABOUT POTA
Page 10 and 11: 1. INTRODUCTION Originally, IPM was
Page 12 and 13: 2. POTATO PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPM
Page 14 and 15: 3. SOIL • Observe the sediment: t
Page 16 and 17: 3. SOIL • Rainfall - Rain causes
Page 18 and 19: 3. SOIL field to field and at diffe
Page 20 and 21: 3. SOIL • Prevention of erosion a
Page 22 and 23: 3. SOIL application of the various
Page 26 and 27: 4. SEED PREPARATION AND PRODUCTION
Page 32 and 33: 5. CULTIVATION PRACTICES Table 8: D
Page 34 and 35: 5. CULTIVATION PRACTICES 5.5 Hillin
Page 36 and 37: 5. CULTIVATION PRACTICES • Mainta
Page 38 and 39: 6. INSECT ECOLOGY 6.3 Insect life c
Page 40 and 41: 6. INSECT ECOLOGY 6.5 Beneficial in
Page 42 and 43: 6. INSECT ECOLOGY How to use it: Sq
Page 44 and 45: 6. INSECT ECOLOGY water or may alre
Page 46 and 47: 6. INSECT ECOLOGY F. Pesticide haza
Page 48 and 49: 7. MAJOR POTATO PESTS • Balancing
Page 50 and 51: 7. MAJOR POTATO PESTS pest has many
Page 52 and 53: 7. MAJOR POTATO PESTS to eat them.
Page 54 and 55: 7. MAJOR POTATO PESTS Lifecycle The
Page 56 and 57: 7. MAJOR POTATO PESTS Cutworms in t
Page 58 and 59: 8. MAJOR NATURAL ENEMIES OF POTATO
Page 64 and 65: 9. DISEASE ECOLOGY • The environm
Page 66 and 67: 9. DISEASE ECOLOGY 58 ALL ABOUT POT
Page 68 and 69: 10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES Managemen
Page 70 and 71: 10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES • Destr
Page 72 and 73: 10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES o In thei
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10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES B.3. Usin
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10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES Viral dis
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10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES Managemen
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10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES • Potas
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10. MAJOR POTATO DISEASES Potato vi
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11. WEED ECOLOGY You can manage wee
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12. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST MANAGE
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12. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST MANAGE
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GLOSSARY GLOSSARY Aphid Bacterial w
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