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Research Figure 4: The distribution of the difference in height of children at the first and fifth food distributions Percentage 20 15 10 5 0 ≤ -10 < -9 to > -10 < -8 to > -9 < -7 to > -8 < -6 to > -7 < -5 to > -6 < -4 to > -5 < -3 to > -4 < -2 to > -3 < -1to > -2 < 0 to > -1 No difference ≥ 0 to < 1 ≥ 1 to < 2 ≥ 2 to < 3 ≥ 3 to < 4 ≥ 4 to < 5 ≥ 5 to < 6 ≥ 6 to < 7 ≥ 7 to < 8 ≥ 8 to < 9 ≥ 9 to < 10 ≤ 10 Difference in length or height (cm) between first and fifth food distributions Any attempt to estimate the impact of supplementary food on weight gain requires that each child is measured twice, at the start and end of the programme to obtain paired measurements, and that accurate data on age is obtained if anthropometric indices other than weight-for-height are to be calculated. The data collected during the present evaluation in northern Kenya indicated that a large proportion of children were not the same at the first and fifth food distribution and that the age of many children was not given nor estimated consistently and so was probably inaccurate. There are a number of likely reasons for this, including the possibility that mothers did not bring the enrolled child to collect the fifth and final ration, systematic bias or errors in estimating age, inconsistent estimates of age on separate occasions, and errors in making anthropometric measurements, in recording data, and in data entry. The age distribution shown in Figure 2 is unlike a typical age pyramid and suggests that many mothers, who made up 92% of the caregivers at enrolment, were either not giving or not estimating correctly the age of their child, perhaps to ensure that they obtained a ration of food. The fact that about 40% of all children were either shorter by 1 cm or more or taller by 3 cm or more suggests that a substantial proportion of caregivers did not bring the same child to collect the fifth ration, although some differences could be measurement errors made by busy staff. Beneficiaries of BSFP in Kenya SCUK, Kenya, 2011 It is to be expected that parents will make every effort to obtain a ration of food for their children during a food shortage and the many years of food insecurity in this part of Kenya have led to a degree of dependency on humanitarian assistance. An eligibility threshold of
Field Article Clients collect their prescribed HEPS at Wusikile Mine Hospital Examining the integration of Food by Prescription into HIV care and treatment in Zambia By Kate A. Greenaway, Elizabeth C. Jere, Milika E. Zimba, Cassim Masi and Beatrice Mazinza Kawana Kate Greenaway is Senior Technical Advisor, HIV Unit, Catholic Relief Services, Baltimore, MD K Greeenway, Zambia, 2009 There is increasing evidence that antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes and nutrition interventions are closely linked. Studies from sub- Saharan Africa have established that low Body Mass Index (BMI) at ART initiation is a significant predictor of early mortality and that malnutrition plays a substantial role in disease progression 1,2,3 . In late-stage HIV infection, unintended weight loss is common: up to 25 percent of clients experience dramatic, life-threatening weight loss. FBP is a treatment approach that targets moderately and severely malnourished individuals with ‘medicalised’ doses of specific nutrition supplements. While empirical evidence about causal relationships between nutrition support, weight gain and improved treatment outcomes among ART clients is lacking, there is evidence that weight gain at three months on ART is strongly associated with survival 4 and that nutrition supplements have a positive effect on ART adherence 5 . Zambia has a generalised HIV epidemic, where more than 900,000 Zambians are living with HIV (PLHIV), with 280,000 on ART 6 . Research conducted in 2007 revealed startlingly high rates of malnutrition among adult PLHIV starting ART: 33.5% had a BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 , and 9% had a BMI less
Page 1 and 2: January 2012 Issue 42 ISSN 1743-508
Page 3 and 4: Moving on, an article by Bernardett
Page 5 and 6: Field Article not adequate for dete
Page 7 and 8: Qualitative review of an alternativ
Page 9 and 10: Research of questions and a scoring
Page 11 and 12: Research of the crisis still caught
Page 13 and 14: Research provided 175-200 kcal/kg/d
Page 15 and 16: Research Acting in the face of risk
Page 17 and 18: Research A family enrolled in the c
Page 19 and 20: approaches. In other cases where th
Page 21 and 22: Research benefits to programmes and
Page 23 and 24: in most of households, particularly
Page 25 and 26: Research The average per recipient
Page 27 and 28: their capacity to interpret and ana
Page 29: Research Figure 2: The observed and
Page 33 and 34: Agency Profile Name: Centres for Di
Page 35 and 36: Focus on coverage assessment Data c
Page 37 and 38: Focus on coverage assessment charge
Page 39 and 40: Focus on coverage assessment requir
Page 41 and 42: Focus on coverage assessment The th
Page 43 and 44: Focus on coverage assessment This i
Page 45 and 46: Focus on coverage assessment Figure
Page 47 and 48: By Jan Komrska Field Article Increa
Page 49 and 50: UNHCR Technical Workshop on the Ope
Page 51 and 52: Experiences of the Nutrition in Eme
Page 53 and 54: News performance and ability of par
Page 55 and 56: Specific MRP objectives are: • to
Page 57 and 58: News UNHCR standardised nutrition s
Page 59 and 60: and that the general trend coming o
Page 61 and 62: Field Article ment areas of these t
Page 63 and 64: Evaluation There is a need for grea
Page 65 and 66: Evaluation review rest on three kin
Page 67 and 68: Field Article Figure 1: Model of in
Page 69 and 70: Field Article there were external f
Page 71 and 72: Invite to submit material to Field

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