The Challenge of Non-Communicable Diseases and Road Traffic ...
The Challenge of Non-Communicable Diseases and Road Traffic ...
The Challenge of Non-Communicable Diseases and Road Traffic ...
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14 <strong>The</strong> <strong>Challenge</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Non</strong>-communicable <strong>Diseases</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Traffic</strong> Injuries in Sub-Saharan Africa<br />
Compared to other regions <strong>of</strong> the world in 2008, Africa was estimated to have the highest age-st<strong>and</strong>ardized<br />
mortality rate for NCDs (779 per 100,000 population) <strong>and</strong> for injuries including RTIs (107 per 100,000<br />
population) (Figure 3) [30]. Globally, NCD deaths are expected to increase by a further 17 percent in the<br />
next 10 years, with the largest increase expected in Africa (27 percent) [31].<br />
FIGURE 3: Age-St<strong>and</strong>ardized Mortality Rates by Cause, WHO Regions, 2008<br />
Age-st<strong>and</strong>ardized mortality rates by cause<br />
(Per 100 000 population)<br />
900<br />
800<br />
700<br />
600<br />
500<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
Africa Americas South-East Asia Europe Eastern Mediterranean Western Pacific<br />
WHO Region<br />
<strong>Communicable</strong> diseases, maternal <strong>and</strong> perinatal conditions, nutritional deficiencies <strong>Non</strong>communicable diseases Injuries<br />
Source: [32]<br />
NCDs occur at younger ages in SSA than elsewhere:<br />
for example, the average age <strong>of</strong> death from<br />
CVD is at least 10 years younger than in developed<br />
countries [33]. Half <strong>of</strong> the deaths caused by NCDs<br />
in Africa occur in people under 70 years <strong>of</strong> age [6],<br />
<strong>and</strong> NCDs are already the leading cause <strong>of</strong> death<br />
in people aged over 45 years (Figure 4). <strong>The</strong> NCD<br />
death rate among women in Africa is twice as high<br />
as the rate in high-income countries [31].<br />
FIGURE 4: Proportion <strong>of</strong> Deaths by Age Group<br />
(Years) in SSA, 2010<br />
100%<br />
90%<br />
80%<br />
70%<br />
60%<br />
50%<br />
40%<br />
30%<br />
20%<br />
10%<br />
0%<br />
0-4 yrs 5-14 yrs 15-44 yrs 45 yrs<br />
Other injuries<br />
<strong>Road</strong> traffic injuries<br />
<strong>Non</strong>communicable<br />
diseases<br />
Maternal, perinatal,<br />
nutritional causes<br />
<strong>Communicable</strong> diseases<br />
Source: Authors from [17]