90 <strong>The</strong> <strong>Challenge</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Non</strong>-communicable <strong>Diseases</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Traffic</strong> Injuries in Sub-Saharan Africa 472. Bradshaw, D., K. Steyn, <strong>and</strong> A. Pascal-Kengne, Surveillance <strong>and</strong> Research for the Prevention <strong>and</strong> Control <strong>of</strong> NCDs. Commission Concept Paper., in Summit on Prevention <strong>and</strong> Control <strong>of</strong> <strong>Non</strong>-<strong>Communicable</strong> <strong>Diseases</strong>. 2011, Department <strong>of</strong> Health, Republic <strong>of</strong> South Africa. 473. World Health Organization. STEPS Country Reports. 2011 [cited 2011 15 December 2011]; Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/steps/reports/ en/index.html. 474. World Health Organization, <strong>Non</strong>communicable diseases country pr<strong>of</strong>iles 2011 2011, World Health Organization: Geneva. 475. WHO, WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2009 2009, Geneva: World Health Organization. 476. WHO, Global status report on road safety: country pr<strong>of</strong>iles. 2009: Geneva. 477. Beran, D. <strong>and</strong> J.S. Yudkin, Diabetes care in sub-Saharan Africa. <strong>The</strong> Lancet, 2006. 368: p. 1689-95. 478. Zimmerman, K., et al., <strong>Road</strong> traffic injury incidence <strong>and</strong> crash characteristics in Dar es Salaam: A population based study. Accident Analysis <strong>and</strong> Prevention, 2012. 45: p. 204-210. 479. Gonima, A., Personal communication, P. Marquez, Editor. 2012: San Antonio, Texas. 480. WHO, Data systems: a road safety manual for decision-makers <strong>and</strong> practitioners. 2010, Geneva: World Health Organization. 481. Maher, D., et al., Research needs for an improved primary care response to chronic non-communicable diseases in Africa. Tropical Medicine <strong>and</strong> International Health, 2010. 15(2): p. 176-81. 482. Unwin, N., et al., <strong>Non</strong>communicable diseases in sub -Saharan Africa: where do they feature in the health research agenda? Bulletin <strong>of</strong> the World Health Organization, 2001. 79(10): p. 947-953. 483. Stuckler, D. <strong>and</strong> M. Nestle, Big Food, Food Systems, <strong>and</strong> Global Health. Plos Medicine, 2012. 9(6). 484. Lagarde, E., <strong>Road</strong> traffic injury is an escalating burden in Africa <strong>and</strong> deserves proportionate research efforts. Plos Medicine, 2007. 4(6): p. 967-971. 485. McCarthy, M., et al., Developing the agenda for European Union collaboration on non-communicable diseases research in Sub-Saharan Africa. Health Research Policy <strong>and</strong> Systems, 2010. 8(13). 486. <strong>The</strong> World Bank, <strong>The</strong> Roles <strong>of</strong> Research-Based, <strong>Non</strong> -State Actors in Building Capacity for Effectiveness <strong>and</strong> Sustinability in Africa’s Health Sector. Background paper, in Africa Health Forum 2013: Finance <strong>and</strong> Capacity for Results. 2013, <strong>The</strong> World Bank: Washington, D.C. 487. WHO, Research <strong>and</strong> Development to Meet Health Needs in Developing Countries: Strengthening Global Financing <strong>and</strong> Coordination. Report <strong>of</strong> the Consultative Expert Working Group on Research <strong>and</strong> Development: Financing <strong>and</strong> Coordination. 2012: Generva. 488. Steyn, K., Personal communication., P. Marquez, Editor. 2012. 489. Baicker, K., D. Cutler, <strong>and</strong> Z. Song, Workplace Wellness Programs Can Generate Savings. Health Affairs, 2010. 29(2): p. 304-311. 490. Berry, L.L., A.M. Mirabito, <strong>and</strong> W.B. Baun, What’s the hard return on employee wellness programs? Harvard Business Review, 2010. 88(12): p. 104-12, 142. 491. Health Affairs, Workplace Wellness Programs, in Health Policy Brief. 2012. 492. Marquez, P.V., Healthier Workplaces = Healthy Pr<strong>of</strong>its, in Investing in Health. 2013, <strong>The</strong> World Bank. 493. Atun, R., et al., A systematic review <strong>of</strong> the evidence on integration <strong>of</strong> targeted health interventions into health systems. Health Policy <strong>and</strong> Planning, 2010. 25(1): p. 1-14. 494. Pierre-Louis, A.M., et al., Connecting Sectors <strong>and</strong> Systems for Health Results, in Public Health Policy Note. 2012, Health Nutrition <strong>and</strong> Population: Washington, D.C. 495. <strong>The</strong> World Bank, <strong>The</strong> World Bank Strategy for Health, Nutrition, <strong>and</strong> Population Results. 2007: Washington, D.C. 496. World Health Organization. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. 2013. Available from: http://apps.who.int/glodata/
MAP IBRD 39854: SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REGION 91
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The Challenge of Non-Communicable D
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THE CHALLENGE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE D
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract.........
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List of Tables Table 1: Top 15 Lead
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AIDS Acquired Immu
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2 The Challenge of Non-communicable
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4 The Challenge of Non-communicable
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6 The Challenge of Non-communicable
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8 The Challenge of Non-communicable
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2. BURDEN OF NCDs AND RTIs This sec
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An Overview 13 A Rising Epidemic of
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An Overview 15 Types of Disease Ref
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An Overview 17 FIGURE 7: ASMR by NC
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An Overview 19 For young men, RTI a
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3. THE DRIVERS AND DETERMINANTS OF
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An Overview 23 FIGURE 10: The Doubl
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An Overview 25 TABLE 5: Prevalence
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An Overview 27 Life expectancy has
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An Overview 29 employ business prac
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4. THE RATIONALE FOR PUBLIC INTERVE
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An Overview 33 factors (given that
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5. A COMPREHENSIVE, INTEGRATED APPR
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An Overview 37 clarity of vision an
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- Page 63 and 64: An Overview 49 Several intervention
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- Page 71 and 72: An Overview 57 experienced shortfal
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- Page 89 and 90: An Overview 75 56. Bukhman, G. and
- Page 91 and 92: An Overview 77 114. BeLue, R., et a
- Page 93 and 94: An Overview 79 168. Stuckler, D., S
- Page 95 and 96: An Overview 81 222. Narayan, K.M.V.
- Page 97 and 98: An Overview 83 278. Catford, J., Im
- Page 99 and 100: An Overview 85 336. O’Brien, M.,
- Page 101 and 102: An Overview 87 390. Beran, D., A. M
- Page 103: An Overview 89 444. The World Bank,
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