Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
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PAGE 90<br />
in recognising people with intellectual disabilities’ need for sexual<br />
fulfilment.<br />
In this regard, <str<strong>on</strong>g>Literature</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Supreme <str<strong>on</strong>g>Review</str<strong>on</strong>g> Court <strong>on</strong> Provisi<strong>on</strong> in Re a <strong>of</strong> Ward <strong>Appropriate</strong> <strong>of</strong> Court <strong>and</strong> (withholding<br />
<strong>Accessible</strong><br />
Support to People with an Intellectual Disability who are<br />
medical treatment) (No. 2) [56] recognised that a loss <strong>of</strong> mental capacity<br />
Experiencing Crisis Pregnancy<br />
does not result in any diminuti<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>on</strong>e’s pers<strong>on</strong>al rights under Article<br />
40.3.1 <strong>and</strong> Article 40.3.2 <strong>of</strong> the C<strong>on</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>. In Irel<strong>and</strong> the courts<br />
have recognised that these rights include the right to privacy, selfdeterminati<strong>on</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> the right to marry <strong>and</strong> found a family (LRC, 2005).<br />
The right to privacy <strong>and</strong> the right to marry, however, have not been<br />
interpreted in the courts as absolute <strong>and</strong> unqualified in nature.<br />
Article 8 <strong>and</strong> Article 12 <strong>of</strong> the ECHR are also relevant. Article 8 deals with<br />
a pers<strong>on</strong>’s right to respect for privacy <strong>and</strong> family life. Article 12 provides<br />
for the right for men <strong>and</strong> women <strong>of</strong> marriageable age to marry <strong>and</strong> found<br />
a family within the boundaries <strong>of</strong> the nati<strong>on</strong>al law. It has been argued that<br />
the right to marry, or even to found a family, implies the existence <strong>of</strong> a<br />
sexual relati<strong>on</strong>ship, but this falls short <strong>of</strong> providing a ‘right’ to have sex<br />
(Evans <strong>and</strong> Rodgers, 2000).<br />
Meanwhile, Article 8 would seem to go further in enabling individuals<br />
to engage in sexual activity when it provides an individual with the ‘right<br />
to respect for his private <strong>and</strong> family life’ (Evans <strong>and</strong> Rodgers, 2000). In<br />
relati<strong>on</strong> to Article 8, the European Commissi<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> Human Rights has<br />
stated:<br />
The arrangement <strong>of</strong> sexual relati<strong>on</strong>s <strong>and</strong> family planning come <strong>on</strong><br />
principle within the sphere <strong>of</strong> private <strong>and</strong> family life as protected<br />
by Article. 8, paragraph 1 [57]<br />
Furthermore, in the same case (Bruggeman <strong>and</strong> Scheuten v Germany)<br />
the European Commissi<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> Human Rights stated:<br />
[An individual] must also have the possibility <strong>of</strong> establishing<br />
56 [1996] 2 IR 73, 126 per Hamilt<strong>on</strong> CJ.<br />
57 Decisi<strong>on</strong> by the European Commissi<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> Human Rights <strong>on</strong> Applicati<strong>on</strong> No.<br />
6959/75, Bruggemann <strong>and</strong> Scheuten against Federal Republic <strong>of</strong> Germany,<br />
http://cmiskp.echr.coe.int/tkp197/portal.asp?sessi<strong>on</strong>Id=17942956&skin=hudocen&acti<strong>on</strong>=request