Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
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PAGE 62<br />
become inadequate or a legally authorised interventi<strong>on</strong> would<br />
bring substantial benefits to the incapable pers<strong>on</strong>.<br />
2.7.3 Legal <str<strong>on</strong>g>Literature</str<strong>on</strong>g> capacity in <str<strong>on</strong>g>Review</str<strong>on</strong>g> the United <strong>on</strong> Provisi<strong>on</strong> States<strong>of</strong> <strong>Appropriate</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Accessible</strong><br />
Support to People with an Intellectual Disability who are<br />
In the United Experiencing States the determinati<strong>on</strong> Crisis Pregnancy<strong>of</strong> capacity to make decisi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
regarding reproductive issues has been recommended to require at a<br />
minimum the ability to:<br />
• underst<strong>and</strong> the therapy or procedure in questi<strong>on</strong> (c<strong>on</strong>traceptive<br />
method or sterilisati<strong>on</strong>)<br />
• deliberate about the risks <strong>and</strong> benefits <strong>of</strong> each (including the risk<br />
<strong>of</strong> pregnancy)<br />
• c<strong>on</strong>sider alternatives<br />
• make a decisi<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> the basis <strong>of</strong> these c<strong>on</strong>siderati<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
(Beauchamp & Childress, 2001)<br />
The American Academy <strong>of</strong> Pediatrics’ Committee <strong>on</strong> Bioethics discusses<br />
the steps that should be taken when c<strong>on</strong>sidering sterilisati<strong>on</strong> in<br />
particular <strong>and</strong> in relati<strong>on</strong> to c<strong>on</strong>traceptive methods more generally:<br />
• The first step in decisi<strong>on</strong>s about c<strong>on</strong>tracepti<strong>on</strong> generally involves<br />
assessing the individual’s capacity to decide matters specifically<br />
c<strong>on</strong>cerning reproducti<strong>on</strong>.<br />
• Such assessments should be made with the help <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essi<strong>on</strong>als<br />
skilled <strong>and</strong> experienced in evaluating the capabilities <strong>of</strong> pers<strong>on</strong>s<br />
with disabilities.<br />
• Health pr<strong>of</strong>essi<strong>on</strong>als should involve their patients who have<br />
an intellectual disability in decisi<strong>on</strong>s about reproducti<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
should advocate for the least permanent <strong>and</strong> intrusive method <strong>of</strong><br />
c<strong>on</strong>tracepti<strong>on</strong> with the lowest risk for the patient.<br />
• The assessment should focus <strong>on</strong> the individual’s ability to<br />
underst<strong>and</strong> appropriately presented informati<strong>on</strong> about the<br />
possibility <strong>of</strong> reproducing, the c<strong>on</strong>sequences <strong>of</strong> procreati<strong>on</strong>,<br />
<strong>and</strong> the benefits <strong>and</strong> risks <strong>of</strong>, <strong>and</strong> alternatives to, pregnancy <strong>and</strong><br />
childbirth (American Academy <strong>of</strong> Pediatrics, 1999).