Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...

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Table 2: Terminology
Terminology
Meaning and usage
Refers to lifelong limitations in intellectual
<strong>Literature</strong> <strong>Review</strong> on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible
Developmental Support to People and with adaptive an Intellectual functioning Disability initially who identified are in
Disabilities Experiencing (DD) Crisis people Pregnancy younger than 18 years*
Used in the United States, Canada
Learning Disabilities
Learning Difficulties
Intellectual Disability
Mental Retardation
Including the presence of significant
intellectual impairment, with deficits in social
functioning or adaptive behaviour, which
are present from childhood (Foundation for
People with Learning Disabilities, UK)
Used in the United Kingdom
Refers to individuals with intellectual
impairments
Used by the UK self-advocacy movement
(Hollomotz, 2009)
Intellectual disability involves a greater than
average difficulty in learning. A person is
considered to have an intellectual disability
when the following factors are present:
intellectual functioning is significantly below
average; there are difficulties with everyday
life skills and the condition is present from
childhood (18 year or less)
Used by Inclusion Ireland
Used in Ireland
Intellectual disability is a disability
characterised by significant limitations both
in intellectual functioning and in adaptive
behaviour, which covers many everyday social
and practical skills. This disability originates
before the age of 18 (American Association on
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
(AAIDD))
Used in the United States
* American Association on Mental Retardation (2002) Mental Retardation definition,
classification, and systems of supports. 10th ed. Washington DC: American Association
on Mental Retardation.