Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
Literature Review on Provision of Appropriate and Accessible ...
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PAGE 173<br />
vulnerable if a breakdown occurred in the support provided by<br />
their families.<br />
• Mothers with intellectual disability living al<strong>on</strong>e had servicecentred<br />
networks; mothers living with a partner had familycentred<br />
networks <strong>and</strong> mothers living in a parent/parent-figure<br />
household had local, family centred networks.<br />
Support to People with an Intellectual Disability who are<br />
<strong>Accessible</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> <strong>Appropriate</strong> <strong>of</strong> Provisi<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Review</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Literature</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Experiencing Crisis Pregnancy<br />
The overall c<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> was that these mothers did not live in a social<br />
vacuum, but many were socially isolated. The implicati<strong>on</strong>s <strong>of</strong> the findings<br />
included the need for service providers to be sensitive to the variati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
in mothers with intellectual disabilities’ support networks. The study<br />
also found that particular attenti<strong>on</strong> needs to be paid to the varying<br />
involvement <strong>of</strong> different groups <strong>of</strong> people <strong>and</strong> the types <strong>of</strong> support that<br />
they <strong>of</strong>fer in relati<strong>on</strong> to mothers’ living arrangements.<br />
Of particular c<strong>on</strong>cern was the group <strong>of</strong> single mothers who lived al<strong>on</strong>e<br />
<strong>and</strong> who had few l<strong>on</strong>g-term relati<strong>on</strong>ships that could <strong>of</strong>fer emoti<strong>on</strong>al<br />
support; the challenge, therefore, is to devise ways in which these<br />
mothers can be assisted to develop local, community-based support<br />
networks to help in the dem<strong>and</strong>ing task <strong>of</strong> raising children.<br />
It has been recognised that the task <strong>of</strong> parenting may be daunting for<br />
parents with intellectual disability <strong>and</strong> that relatively restricted social<br />
networks play a role in this (Murphy <strong>and</strong> Feldman, 2002). Feldman,<br />
Varghese, Ramsay <strong>and</strong> Rajska (2002) examined the relati<strong>on</strong>ships between<br />
parenting stress, social support <strong>and</strong> mother-child interacti<strong>on</strong>s in 30<br />
mothers with intellectual disabilities residing in small cities (populati<strong>on</strong><br />
less than 100,000), towns <strong>and</strong> rural areas <strong>of</strong> eastern Ontario, Canada. [89]<br />
Feldman et al. found that the stress levels <strong>of</strong> parents with intellectual<br />
disability were very high (compared to the general populati<strong>on</strong>) <strong>and</strong><br />
their self-reported need for social support was also high. Parents with<br />
89 A social system definiti<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> intellectual disability (Mercer 1973) was used to<br />
determine eligibility for this study. Based <strong>on</strong> diagnostic assessments, school<br />
(<strong>and</strong> more recent) records, the provincial social services ministry deemed all<br />
study participants eligible for adult services <strong>and</strong> financial supports exclusively<br />
for pers<strong>on</strong>s with intellectual disabilities (syn<strong>on</strong>ymous with the term ‘mental.<br />
retardati<strong>on</strong>’).