Military Embedded Systems Spring 2005 Volume 1 Number 1

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RSC# 22 @www.mil-embedded.com/rsc 22 / <strong>2005</strong> MILITARY EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Resource Guide
MILITARY EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Resource Guide Hardware robotic vehicles. In this instance, 3U CompactPCI offers superior board functionality to size ratio and available user-defined backplane I/O pins in comparison to other 6U size bus technologies (such as VME). Although this ratio is seemingly relative and arbitrary, the benefits offered by worldwide industry standards, open systems computing architectures, and economies of scale far outweigh the initial and maintaining cost limitations of yesterday’s purpose built and proprietary point designs. Volatile RAM memory subsystem Several techniques can be implemented in the volatile memory to ensure reliable mission operations with onboard flight software to enhance the radiation hardness of a space-based processor board. Several technical papers also discuss the Single Event Effects (SEE) of the processor and the side effects introduced by the instruction and data caches[1]. While radiation affects all semiconductors, memory devices are particularly sensitive to space-based effects. Random access memories such as Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM) are particularly prone to flipping bits or erasure, depending upon the space environment. Based on previous proton and heavy ion testing performed on device types, onboard volatile memory resources can be protected from radiation effects by using a number of strategies. One effective technique with SDRAM uses triple redundancy with voting mechanism logic incorporated in a radiation-tolerant Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). SDRAM is used heavily in providing the actual instructions and data to the processor to execute processor instructions. In a redundant, triple-voting mechanism at the component level, three separate banks of SDRAM are implemented to maintain the data integrity. The SDRAM controller and the majority rule, triple-voting mechanism can be implemented in anti-fuse FPGAs (as opposed to Standard Random Access Memory-based FPGAs) for radiation hardness and reliability. Figure 1 shows the triplevoting mechanism of a volatile memory scheme that enables simultaneous writes to three memory banks in real time and corrects data read in triple-voting methodology. As mentioned, selecting an embedded processor such as the PowerPC yields performance of over 1,500 Dhrystone MIPs. However, in order to maintain such processor throughput, the internal L1 and L2 cache memory must be enabled. Both L1 and L2 caches reside on the same SOI die as the processor and there- Figure 1 RSC# 2301 @www.mil-embedded.com/rsc RSC# 2302 @www.mil-embedded.com/rsc MILITARY EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Resource Guide <strong>2005</strong> / 23
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Page 45 and 46: ing and testing capabilities for ru
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Page 61 and 62: Gage Applied Technologies New 12-bi
Page 63 and 64: T2 Family of Products BittWare, Inc
Page 65 and 66: Radstone Embedded Computing Octegra
Page 67 and 68: Condor Engineering QPMC-1553 - 1, 2
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Metro-Switch Model 8261 DSS Network
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3923 FlexTX Processor PMC (PrPMC) T
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Arcom VIPER - PC/104 PXA255 XScale
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Enseo, Inc. PC/104-Plus Motherboard
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Interactive Circuits and Systems Lt
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4170 Technobox, Inc. Boards PMC Thi
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Highland Technology Model T560-1 Em
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Crane Aerospace & Electronics Elect
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RGB Spectrum RGB/View 8000/8001 Mul
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DNA Computing Solutions, Inc. NEXUS
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Creative Electronic Systems Conduct
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VMEbus Pentium M Single Board Compu
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SBS Technologies VR9 - Conduction-C
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General Micro Systems V269-FPIO 3Ro
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Highland Technology, Inc. V375 VME
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American Predator Corporation Gator
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APOLLO - EBX Intel Pentium M/Celero
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Phoenix International Phalanx SAN -
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RRT-1DVW-LW Red Rock Technologies,
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HelloSoft Inc. HelloSoft Configurab
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Pismo Toolset Innovative Integratio
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Ardence, Inc. RTX ® - Real-time Em
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TOPO-6713 Innovative Integration Pa
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Carlo Gavazzi Computing Solutions 7
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Geotest-Marvin Test Systems, Inc. M
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Tri-M Systems, Inc. HESC104 - 60 W
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NotePAC Kontron Rugged computer sys
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Kontron Mobile Computing Division E
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Cool RoadRunner 4 LiPPERT GmbH Rugg
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SPIRIT SPIRIT Hawk-12.8K - High Spe
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Signametrics Corporation SMX2064 7-
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Military Embedded Systems Spring 2005 Volume 1 Number 1

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