GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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The dark grey surface underlain by a mottled glei layer in the Chesley silty clay loam is typical of the Dark Grey Gleisolic soils legume in their composition. The type is fairly well suited to the production of oats, barley, alsike, timothy and pasture. Chesley Clay Loam (200 acres) One of the minor types occurring in Bruce County, Chesley clay loam differs only in texture from the Chesley silty clay loam. The type has a high natural fertility but requires the use of fertilizer, particularly phosphorus, when cultivated. Chesley Silt Loam (5,500 acres) Chesley silt loam is similar to the other soil types in the Chesley series in all respects but surface texture. The natural fertility may be slightly lower than that of the silty clay loam or the clay loam. Toledo Clay Loam (300 acres) Small areas of Toledo clay loam occur in the southern part of the County. It is the poorly drained member of the Brantford catena and is a Dark Grey Gleisolic soil. Elm, ash and cedar trees dominate in the woodlots, and smaller 76
numbers of soft maple and ironwood also occur. The profile exhibits the following characteristics : A, - Thin layer of partially decomposed leaves, twigs, etc. A, - O-6 inches clay loam; very dark grey (10 YR 3/l); medium granular structure; friable consistency when dry, plastic when wet; stonefree; pH - 7.2. - 6-16 inches clay ; yellowish brown (10 YR 5/4) ; strongly mottled; coarse blocky structure; very hard consistency when dry, very plastic when wet; stonefree; pH - 7.4. 16-27 inches clay; light yellowish brown (10 YR G/4) ; mottled; massive structure; very hard consistency when dry, very plastic when wet; stonefree; pH - 7.4. b - Clay; grey (10 YR 5/l) ; massive structure; very plastic consistency when wet, very hard when dry; stonefree; calcareous; pH - 7.8. The type has a smooth very gently sloping relief and is not affected to any great extent by erosion. Chemical tests show tlhe type to be fairly well supplied with plant nutrients, the chief limitation to crop production being the poor drainage conditions. Agriculture Most of the type is cleared but is used more for pasture than for crops in rotation. Poor drainage prohibits the growing of some crops, particularly alfalfa, but fair yields of cereal grains can be obtained when weather conditions are good and flooding does not occur. The type is well suited to the production of hay and pasture. Toledo Silt Loam (900 acres) The Toledo silt loam is somewhat coarser in texture than the Toledo clay loam, but is similar in other respects. It serves the same land use and supports similar crops as the Toledo clay loam. Ferndale Clay Loam (5,900 acres) Developed on calcareous lacustrine materials, Ferndale clay loam occurs on the Bruce Peninsula chiefly near Lion’s Head. Very slow external drainage and low internal drainage have produced a poorly drained profile characteristic of the Dark Grey Gleisolic soils. The following is a profile description of Ferndale clay loam developed under forest vegetation: 77
Page 2 and 3:
y D. W. HOFFMAN Experimental Farms
Page 4 and 5:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Canada Departme
Page 6 and 7:
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d) PART I
Page 8 and 9:
FIG. l-Outline map of Ontario showi
Page 10 and 11:
Information pertaining to land use,
Page 12 and 13:
Population and Racial Origin The to
Page 14 and 15:
PART II FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMA
Page 16 and 17:
TABLE 2 ANALYSES OF BEDROCK FORMATI
Page 18 and 19:
The soils found on the coarse open
Page 20 and 21:
‘TOPOGRAPHY I Simple Topography )
Page 22 and 23:
DRAINAGE SYSTEM FIG. 7 --Ott tline
Page 24 and 25:
MONTH TABLE 6 TEMPERATURE AT LUCKNO
Page 26 and 27: SOUTHAMPTON, (62 Years) Ontario. 0
Page 28 and 29: NATURAL VEGETATION Soft Maple, Elm,
Page 30 and 31: P,4RT III THE CLASSIFICATION AND DE
Page 32 and 33: Ao - Accu mulated layer of partiall
Page 34 and 35: 1). Soils Formed from Fine Textured
Page 36 and 37: I. Till Composed of Grey Materials
Page 38 and 39: Agriculture Ao - Thin etc. layer of
Page 40 and 41: A virgin profile, developed under h
Page 42 and 43: Harkaway Silt Loam— Stony Phase (
Page 44 and 45: Wiarton Loam (3,500 acres) The Wiar
Page 46 and 47: Parkhill Silt Loam (2,600 acres) Th
Page 48 and 49: potash and nitrogen are necessary t
Page 50 and 51: The soil is fairly well supplied wi
Page 52 and 53: Brookston Silt Loam (2,000 acres) T
Page 54 and 55: ii, Thin layer of partially decompo
Page 56 and 57: A,, - Thin layer of partially decom
Page 58 and 59: The vegetative cover on this Plainf
Page 60 and 61: The characteristic A horizons of th
Page 62 and 63: Brady sandy loam is a smooth very g
Page 64 and 65: Agriculture General farming and dai
Page 66 and 67: The B horizon of the Burford loam r
Page 68 and 69: The topography is smooth very gentl
Page 70 and 71: The clay till or clay usually appea
Page 72 and 73: Developed on stonefree, calcareous,
Page 74 and 75: (ii) lmperfec t Drainage Elderslie
Page 78 and 79: A 0 — A 1 — G 1 — G 2 — C T
Page 80 and 81: Agriculture Most of the mlick soils
Page 82 and 83: PART IV AGRICULTURE AND LAND USE Ea
Page 84 and 85: agriculture in the area. Large acre
Page 86 and 87: TEXTURE looms, silt looms. FIG. I,?
Page 88 and 89: The Donnybrook soils are usually a
Page 90 and 91: Good wheat crops are produced on Te
Page 92 and 93: (h) Imperfect Drainage SOIL TYPE AC
Page 94 and 95: Adaptability Rating for Bruce Count
Page 96 and 97: : : : : : .:: : : : : : ii. : :id j
Page 98 and 99: - - - - - L - F - - I __ I I I -
Page 100 and 101: TABLE 19 ACRE-YIELDS OF SOME CROPS
Page 102 and 103: Problem Areas Gully-erosion is ofte
Page 104 and 105: otations consisting largely of sod
Page 106 and 107: PART V~ ANALYTICAL DATA Chemical an
Page 108 and 109: I TABLE 22 (Cont’d) CJJEMJCA I, A
Page 110: TABLE 23 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ANAL
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GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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