GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d) PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BRUCE C'OUNTY SOILS (Co&d) PAGE Plainfield sand... . ... ... . _. _. _. ,,._._, .. .. 57 Fox sandy loam .... . _.. . .. .. _. .. .. 58 Tioga sandy loam . . .. ._, _. . . ...... . 59 Tioga sand . . .... . . ... _, _, . ...... . .. . 60 Sullivan sandy loam. ._._, __ . .. .__......,.. ............... 60 Sullivan sand.. .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . 61 Brady sandy loam... .. . ... . . , ,,,.. ,...,............. 61 Granby sandy loam.. . . . .._. _._, ,..,.. _................ 62 Teeswater silt loam _....,.........,.... .. ... ._._.... .. .. . 63 Sargent loam. .... ,.... ... ., __. ._. .._. . ....... . .. 61 Burford loam. _. . ... ............., . _. _. . . :.. ... . 65 Brisbane loam ._... .. .........,._... ._,_. .. .. . .. .... . 66 Gilford loam _.,_._. .__., ._... ............. .. .. ........... . 67 Bookton sandy loam .......................... ............... ......._............... 68 Berrien sandy loam ,.......__. .. ._.. .. ._. _. .. .. ....... 69 Wauseon sandy loam _. ._. . _. _. _. _.. 70 Saugeen silty clay loam _. .. ..,...._..........,...... 71 Saugeen clay loam... ., .. . ... . .. . .. . . .. . . . 73 Saugeen silt loam _._._...,,.., . ... .. _.._..................... 73 Elderslie silty clay loam, ..._.. . _. . _. 74 Elderslie clay loam. _. ... . . . _, _, .. 75 Elderslie silt loam... .. .. _, ..__. _._,. _. _. ,. ......... 75 Chesley silty clay loam.. _. . .. _. . ..... ..... .......... 75 Chesley clay loam... _. . _. _. _. .. . . . .. . 76 Chesley silt loam _..., . _, _. . ..,................,.... 76 Toledo clay loam . ,.. _... _. ... ... .............. 76 Toledo silt loam. .,.,.. _. _,. . _. _, _. . . . 77 Ferndale clay loam.. . ,..,...,__............... 77 Ferndale silt loam... ...... . 79 Bottom land .......... .. . . . . ..___.. ,... ....... ................ 79 Muck .... . ....t....... __. .. .. .. . ..._.. ._ .._. ... . ................. 79 Marsh . ._.. .__._. _,. ,. _..... 80 Eastport sand ,,..___,.. _._.. _. _, ... . 80 . Eastport gravel.. .. _. _. . . .. .. .. 80 Bridgman sand ............. ... . . ._ .. . .... ... 80 Breypen land type.. ... . . _. . .. _,_. .. . . ........... . 81 PART IV. L4GmcumuR~ AND LAND USE Early Settlement and Agricultural Development’ . . . . . ..__..... . . . . . . 82 Present Agriculture ,,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _. _. _, . . . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Utilisation and Management of Bruce County Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Good Cropland... . . . . . . . 95 Good to Fair Cropland... .,. ._. ,,,,.. . . . . . . . 96 Fair Cropland. .,. ,, .,. ,. ._. _. 1’ ._ _. . . . . . . 97 Fair to Poor Cropland _, _.._, ._. .__. . . 98 Poor Cropland... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Submarginal Cropland. . . _. _. . . . . . 99 Problem Areas . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.... . . . . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 PART Y, ,4NALYTIC!.4L DATA..................................................,.............................~~~ MAP - Soil Map of Bruce County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._........... in pocket back of report.
NO. TABLES PAGE 1. Population According to Principal Origin .................................................... 12 2. Analyses of Bedrock Formations.. .................................................................. 16 3. Soil Materials.. ................................................................................................ 16 4. Slope Groups in Relation to Topography.. .................................................. 21 5. Precipitation at Lucknow and other Selected Points .................................. 23 6. Temperature at Lucknow and other Selected Points. ............................... 24 7. Differences between the Two Climatic Regions in Bruce County ............ 27 8. Present Land Use ............................................................................................ 82 9. Present Use of Improved Land.. .................................................................... 83 10. Acreage of Field Crops in Bruce County.. .................................................... 84 11. Present Use of Unimproved Land.. .............................................................. 84 12. Types of Farm Occurring in Bruce County.. .............................................. 85 13. Crop Adaptability Ratings for Good Cropland.. ........................................ 95 14. Crop Adaptability Ratings for Good to Fair Cropland ............................ 96 15. Crop Adaptability Ratings for Fair Cropland ............................................ 97 16. Crop Adaptability Ratings for Fair to Poor Cropland.. ............................ 98 17. Crop Adaptability Ratings for Poor Cropland.. .......................................... 98 18. Crop Adaptability Ratings for Submarginal Cropland.. ............................ 99 19. Acre-Yields of Some Crops Commonly Grown in Bruce County............10 0 20. Drainage of Bruce County Soils.. ................................................................. .104 21. Acreages of Problem Areas in Bruce County.. ........................................... .105 22. Chemical and Physical Composition of Surface Soil from Bruce County, Ontario.. ........... ........................................ ....... ...................................... ,107 23. Chemical and Physical Analyses of Some Soil Profiles from Bruce County, Ontario .......................................................................................... 110 FIGURE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 , . 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE Outline Map of Ontario Showing Location of Bruce County and Other Areas for which Soil Maps have been Published ................................. 8 Outline Map Showing Townships and Principal Centres.. ........................ 11 Trend in Population 1871-l 941.. ................................................................. 12 Outline Map Showing Bedrock Geology ........................ . ............................. 15 Outline Map Showing Distribution of Soil Materials.. .............................. 17 Outline Map Showing the Distribution of Topographical Classes ............ 20 Outline Map Showing the Drainage System ................................................ 22 Diagram Showing Mean Monthly Temperature and Precipitation for Walkerton ................................................................................................... 25 Diagram Showing Mean Monthly Temperature and Precipitation for Lucknow ..................................................................................................... 25 Diagram Showing Mean Monthly Temperature and Precipitation for Southampton.. ............................................................................................ 26 Diagram Showing Mean Monthly Temperature and Precipitation for Tobermory .................................................................................................. 26 Outline Map Showing the Distribution of the Main Forest Associations 28 Outline Map Showing the Distribution of Textural Classes .................... 86 Outline Map Showing the Problem Areas .................................................... 101 Outline Map Showing the Distribution of Drainage Classes ..................... .103
Page 2 and 3: y D. W. HOFFMAN Experimental Farms
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Canada Departme
Page 8 and 9: FIG. l-Outline map of Ontario showi
Page 10 and 11: Information pertaining to land use,
Page 12 and 13: Population and Racial Origin The to
Page 14 and 15: PART II FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMA
Page 16 and 17: TABLE 2 ANALYSES OF BEDROCK FORMATI
Page 18 and 19: The soils found on the coarse open
Page 20 and 21: ‘TOPOGRAPHY I Simple Topography )
Page 22 and 23: DRAINAGE SYSTEM FIG. 7 --Ott tline
Page 24 and 25: MONTH TABLE 6 TEMPERATURE AT LUCKNO
Page 26 and 27: SOUTHAMPTON, (62 Years) Ontario. 0
Page 28 and 29: NATURAL VEGETATION Soft Maple, Elm,
Page 30 and 31: P,4RT III THE CLASSIFICATION AND DE
Page 32 and 33: Ao - Accu mulated layer of partiall
Page 34 and 35: 1). Soils Formed from Fine Textured
Page 36 and 37: I. Till Composed of Grey Materials
Page 38 and 39: Agriculture Ao - Thin etc. layer of
Page 40 and 41: A virgin profile, developed under h
Page 42 and 43: Harkaway Silt Loam— Stony Phase (
Page 44 and 45: Wiarton Loam (3,500 acres) The Wiar
Page 46 and 47: Parkhill Silt Loam (2,600 acres) Th
Page 48 and 49: potash and nitrogen are necessary t
Page 50 and 51: The soil is fairly well supplied wi
Page 52 and 53: Brookston Silt Loam (2,000 acres) T
Page 54 and 55: ii, Thin layer of partially decompo
Page 56 and 57:
A,, - Thin layer of partially decom
Page 58 and 59:
The vegetative cover on this Plainf
Page 60 and 61:
The characteristic A horizons of th
Page 62 and 63:
Brady sandy loam is a smooth very g
Page 64 and 65:
Agriculture General farming and dai
Page 66 and 67:
The B horizon of the Burford loam r
Page 68 and 69:
The topography is smooth very gentl
Page 70 and 71:
The clay till or clay usually appea
Page 72 and 73:
Developed on stonefree, calcareous,
Page 74 and 75:
(ii) lmperfec t Drainage Elderslie
Page 76 and 77:
The dark grey surface underlain by
Page 78 and 79:
A 0 — A 1 — G 1 — G 2 — C T
Page 80 and 81:
Agriculture Most of the mlick soils
Page 82 and 83:
PART IV AGRICULTURE AND LAND USE Ea
Page 84 and 85:
agriculture in the area. Large acre
Page 86 and 87:
TEXTURE looms, silt looms. FIG. I,?
Page 88 and 89:
The Donnybrook soils are usually a
Page 90 and 91:
Good wheat crops are produced on Te
Page 92 and 93:
(h) Imperfect Drainage SOIL TYPE AC
Page 94 and 95:
Adaptability Rating for Bruce Count
Page 96 and 97:
: : : : : .:: : : : : : ii. : :id j
Page 98 and 99:
- - - - - L - F - - I __ I I I -
Page 100 and 101:
TABLE 19 ACRE-YIELDS OF SOME CROPS
Page 102 and 103:
Problem Areas Gully-erosion is ofte
Page 104 and 105:
otations consisting largely of sod
Page 106 and 107:
PART V~ ANALYTICAL DATA Chemical an
Page 108 and 109:
I TABLE 22 (Cont’d) CJJEMJCA I, A
Page 110:
TABLE 23 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ANAL
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