GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
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The topography is smooth very gently sloping <strong>and</strong> t’he drainage is poor.<br />
The natural vegetation consists mainly of elm, ash <strong>and</strong> cedar.<br />
<strong><strong>Agri</strong>culture</strong><br />
Gilford loam is used for pasture <strong>and</strong> woodlot. Poor drainage <strong>and</strong> low<br />
fertility limit crop production. However, when drainage is improved <strong>and</strong><br />
fertility levels are maintained, fair yields of cereal grains, hay <strong>and</strong> pasture<br />
can be obtained.<br />
The organic matter content is high but phosphorus <strong>and</strong> potassium levels are<br />
low. When cultivated, soil amendments are needed for adequate crop growth.<br />
G. SOILS DEVELOPED FROM SHALLOW SANDS<br />
OVER CLAY TILL OR CLAY<br />
Soils developed on s<strong>and</strong>s underlain by clay till or clay occupy about 3 per<br />
cent of Bruce County. The outwash materials are similar to those of the Fox<br />
catena while the clay till resembles that of the Huron catena. The clay materials<br />
resemble those of the Saugeen catena. The depth of s<strong>and</strong> is variable, ranging<br />
from a veneer of a few inches in depth up to three feet. Three series were<br />
mapped, the Bookton occurring on well drained sites, the Berrien on the imperfectly<br />
drained areas, <strong>and</strong> the Wauseon on the poorly drained locations.<br />
Where the s<strong>and</strong> deposit is a foot or more in depth a fair profile has developed<br />
which exhibits Grey-Brown Podzolic characteristics.<br />
(i) Good<br />
Drainage<br />
Bookton S<strong>and</strong>y Loam (400 acres)<br />
Bookton s<strong>and</strong>y loam is a well drained soil with smooth gently sloping to<br />
moderat#ely sloping topography. A wide range of profiles occurs depending on<br />
the depth of s<strong>and</strong> overburden. The profile exhibits the following characteristics:<br />
A0 - Thin layer of partially decomposed leaves, twigs,<br />
etc.<br />
A1 -<br />
AZ -<br />
B2<br />
-<br />
-<br />
O-3 inches s<strong>and</strong>y loam; dark greyish brown<br />
(10 YR 4/2) ; fi ne crumb structure; very friable<br />
consistency; stonefree; pH - 6.6.<br />
3-8 inches s<strong>and</strong>; yellowish brown (10 YR 5/6) ;<br />
single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree;<br />
pH - 6.1.<br />
8-16 inches s<strong>and</strong>; dark brown (10 YR 4/3) ;<br />
single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree;<br />
pH - 6.8.<br />
IG-22 inches s<strong>and</strong>; brown (10 YR 5/3) ; single<br />
grain structure ; loose consistency; stonefree;<br />
pH - 7.0.<br />
S<strong>and</strong>; greyish brown (10 YR 5/2); single grain<br />
structure ; loose consistency ; calcareous; pH-7.6.<br />
Clay till or clay; brow-n (10 YR 5/3); prismatic<br />
structure; hard consistency; calcareous; pH -7.8.<br />
68<br />
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