GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
The vegetative cover on this Plainfield sand was not sufficiently dense to hold The soil in place. Reforestation is recommended for areas such as this. the soil unless a permanent cover of trees or specially adapted pasture grasses are grown. The soil is probably best used for recreational purposes and tree growth. (ii) Good Drainage Fox Sandy Loam (20,700 acres) Occurring on smooth gently sloping topography, Fox sandy loam is a well drained soil exhibiting the characteristics of the Grey-Brown Podzolic Great Soil Group. The Fox has a distinct textural B horizon which is illustrated in the following profile description: A 0 — Thin layer of partially decomposed leaves, twigs, etc. A l — 0-4 inches sandy loam; very dark greyish brown (10 YR 3/2); fine crumb structure; friable consistency; stonefree; pH — 6.5. A 21 — 4-24 inches sand; yellowish brown (10 YR 5/4); single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH — 6.3. A 22 — 24-26 inches sand; light yellowish brown (10 YR 6/4); single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH — 6.2. B 2 — 26-30 inches loam; dark brown (10 YR 4/3); fine nuciform structure; friable consistency; stonefree; pH — 6.7. C — Sand; light grey (10 YR 7/2); single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH — 7.8. The sugar maple-beech is the dominant association found in the woodlots on the Fox series. The type is low in organic matter, potash and phosphate and is moderately susceptible to wind erosion, particularly when left without cover for periods of time. 58
Agriculture The Fox series can be used extensively for the production of specialized crops, being well suited to the production of tobacco, tree fruits, vegetables and small fruits. The porous soil materials allow for rapid percolation of moisture permitting early spring cultivation. Its good drainage, workability, light texture and uniformity make it especially suited to early crops. However, in I3ruce (lountjy the climate is sometimes a limiting factor and certain specialized crops cannot be successfully grown because of t’he danger of frost. The Fox sandy loam usually supports general farming in the County and crops such as oats, alfalfa, hay and pasture are grown. Crop production is limited by low fertility, susceptibility to erosion, and droughtiness. Nitrogen, phosphate and potash levels should be increased and maintained by additions of mineral fertilizer. Cover crops and manure should be used to build up and maintain the organic matter content and to help prevent soil loss due to wind erosion. Where high value crops are grown on Fox soils, heavy applications of fertilizer are profitable and desirable. Tioga Sandy Loam (7,100 acres) The Tioga sandy loam occurs in the region of the village of Hepworth and is the well drairied member of the Tioga catena. Since the Podzol profile occurs in the A horizon of the Grey-Brown Podzolic profile, the Tioga is considered as a Podzol - Grey-Brown Podzolic soil. A description of a typical Tioga sandy loam profile follows: Ao - Thin layer of partially decomposed leaves, twigs, etc. A1 - O-2 inches sandy loam; dark grey (10 YR 4/l) ; fine crumb structure; very friable consistency; pH - 6.0. Azp-- 2-5 inches sand; light grey (10 YR 7/2) ; single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH - 5.9. - - 5-12 inches sand; dark yellowish brown (10 YR 4/4) ; single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH - 6.4.’ 12-20 inches sand; yellowish brown (10 YR 5/6); single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH - 6.4. 20-30 inches sand; light yellowish brown (10 YR 6/4) ; single grain strut ture ; loose consistency ; non-calcareous; pH - 6.5. B2 - 30-34 inches sandy loam; brown (10 YR 5/3) ; weak crumb structure; loose consistency; stonefree; pH - 6.8. C - Sand; grey (10 YR 6/ 1) ; single grain structure; loose consistency ; calcareous; pH - 7.6. 59
- Page 8 and 9: FIG. l-Outline map of Ontario showi
- Page 10 and 11: Information pertaining to land use,
- Page 12 and 13: Population and Racial Origin The to
- Page 14 and 15: PART II FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMA
- Page 16 and 17: TABLE 2 ANALYSES OF BEDROCK FORMATI
- Page 18 and 19: The soils found on the coarse open
- Page 20 and 21: ‘TOPOGRAPHY I Simple Topography )
- Page 22 and 23: DRAINAGE SYSTEM FIG. 7 --Ott tline
- Page 24 and 25: MONTH TABLE 6 TEMPERATURE AT LUCKNO
- Page 26 and 27: SOUTHAMPTON, (62 Years) Ontario. 0
- Page 28 and 29: NATURAL VEGETATION Soft Maple, Elm,
- Page 30 and 31: P,4RT III THE CLASSIFICATION AND DE
- Page 32 and 33: Ao - Accu mulated layer of partiall
- Page 34 and 35: 1). Soils Formed from Fine Textured
- Page 36 and 37: I. Till Composed of Grey Materials
- Page 38 and 39: Agriculture Ao - Thin etc. layer of
- Page 40 and 41: A virgin profile, developed under h
- Page 42 and 43: Harkaway Silt Loam— Stony Phase (
- Page 44 and 45: Wiarton Loam (3,500 acres) The Wiar
- Page 46 and 47: Parkhill Silt Loam (2,600 acres) Th
- Page 48 and 49: potash and nitrogen are necessary t
- Page 50 and 51: The soil is fairly well supplied wi
- Page 52 and 53: Brookston Silt Loam (2,000 acres) T
- Page 54 and 55: ii, Thin layer of partially decompo
- Page 56 and 57: A,, - Thin layer of partially decom
- Page 60 and 61: The characteristic A horizons of th
- Page 62 and 63: Brady sandy loam is a smooth very g
- Page 64 and 65: Agriculture General farming and dai
- Page 66 and 67: The B horizon of the Burford loam r
- Page 68 and 69: The topography is smooth very gentl
- Page 70 and 71: The clay till or clay usually appea
- Page 72 and 73: Developed on stonefree, calcareous,
- Page 74 and 75: (ii) lmperfec t Drainage Elderslie
- Page 76 and 77: The dark grey surface underlain by
- Page 78 and 79: A 0 — A 1 — G 1 — G 2 — C T
- Page 80 and 81: Agriculture Most of the mlick soils
- Page 82 and 83: PART IV AGRICULTURE AND LAND USE Ea
- Page 84 and 85: agriculture in the area. Large acre
- Page 86 and 87: TEXTURE looms, silt looms. FIG. I,?
- Page 88 and 89: The Donnybrook soils are usually a
- Page 90 and 91: Good wheat crops are produced on Te
- Page 92 and 93: (h) Imperfect Drainage SOIL TYPE AC
- Page 94 and 95: Adaptability Rating for Bruce Count
- Page 96 and 97: : : : : : .:: : : : : : ii. : :id j
- Page 98 and 99: - - - - - L - F - - I __ I I I -
- Page 100 and 101: TABLE 19 ACRE-YIELDS OF SOME CROPS
- Page 102 and 103: Problem Areas Gully-erosion is ofte
- Page 104 and 105: otations consisting largely of sod
- Page 106 and 107: PART V~ ANALYTICAL DATA Chemical an
<strong><strong>Agri</strong>culture</strong><br />
The Fox series can be used extensively for the production of specialized<br />
crops, being well suited to the production of tobacco, tree fruits, vegetables<br />
<strong>and</strong> small fruits. The porous soil materials allow for rapid percolation of moisture<br />
permitting early spring cultivation. Its good drainage, workability, light<br />
texture <strong>and</strong> uniformity make it especially suited to early crops. However, in<br />
I3ruce (lountjy the climate is sometimes a limiting factor <strong>and</strong> certain specialized<br />
crops cannot be successfully grown because of t’he danger of frost. The Fox<br />
s<strong>and</strong>y loam usually supports general farming in the County <strong>and</strong> crops such as<br />
oats, alfalfa, hay <strong>and</strong> pasture are grown.<br />
Crop production is limited by low fertility, susceptibility to erosion, <strong>and</strong><br />
droughtiness. Nitrogen, phosphate <strong>and</strong> potash levels should be increased <strong>and</strong><br />
maintained by additions of mineral fertilizer. Cover crops <strong>and</strong> manure should<br />
be used to build up <strong>and</strong> maintain the organic matter content <strong>and</strong> to help<br />
prevent soil loss due to wind erosion. Where high value crops are grown on<br />
Fox soils, heavy applications of fertilizer are profitable <strong>and</strong> desirable.<br />
Tioga S<strong>and</strong>y Loam (7,100 acres)<br />
The Tioga s<strong>and</strong>y loam occurs in the region of the village of Hepworth <strong>and</strong><br />
is the well drairied member of the Tioga catena. Since the Podzol profile<br />
occurs in the A horizon of the Grey-Brown Podzolic profile, the Tioga is considered<br />
as a Podzol - Grey-Brown Podzolic soil. A description of a typical<br />
Tioga s<strong>and</strong>y loam profile follows:<br />
Ao - Thin layer of partially decomposed leaves, twigs,<br />
etc.<br />
A1 - O-2 inches s<strong>and</strong>y loam; dark grey (10 YR 4/l) ;<br />
fine crumb structure; very friable consistency;<br />
pH - 6.0.<br />
Azp-- 2-5 inches s<strong>and</strong>; light grey (10 YR 7/2) ; single<br />
grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree;<br />
pH - 5.9.<br />
-<br />
-<br />
5-12 inches s<strong>and</strong>; dark yellowish brown (10 YR<br />
4/4) ; single grain structure; loose consistency;<br />
stonefree; pH - 6.4.’<br />
12-20 inches s<strong>and</strong>; yellowish brown (10 YR 5/6);<br />
single grain structure; loose consistency; stonefree;<br />
pH - 6.4.<br />
20-30 inches s<strong>and</strong>; light yellowish brown (10 YR<br />
6/4) ; single grain strut ture ; loose consistency ;<br />
non-calcareous; pH - 6.5.<br />
B2 - 30-34 inches s<strong>and</strong>y loam; brown (10 YR 5/3) ;<br />
weak crumb structure; loose consistency; stonefree;<br />
pH - 6.8.<br />
C - S<strong>and</strong>; grey (10 YR 6/ 1) ; single grain structure;<br />
loose consistency ; calcareous; pH - 7.6.<br />
59
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