GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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‘TOPOGRAPHY I Simple Topography )r /‘ El . I Moderately sloping Gently sloping Very gently sloptng ’ m Vorloble 2 Complex Topography El Steeply sloping FIG. 6 -011 tline map showing the dfstribzc tion of topographical classes.
TABLE 4 SLOPE GROUPS IN RELATION TO TOPOGRAPHY PER CENT T~~O(;RA~HIC TERM PER CENT SLOPE TOTAL LAND AREA (u) Simpl ’ e Topography Dcprcssional to Level _. _. _. . o-O.5 6.5 Smoot8h very gently sloping.. .. ......... 0.5-1.5 17.5 Smooth gcnt,ly sloping 2.0-5.0 21.5 Smooth moderately sloping _. _. 6.0-9.0 20.3 Variable.. . . . .. 26.2 (b) Complex Topography Irregular steeply sloping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0-I 5.0 8.0 A large part of the land west of Teeswater and north of Lucknow consists of irregular steep slopes. The slopes are frequent and comparatively short. Small depressions are characteristic of the relief. The area east of Teeswater and around Walkerton consists largely of smooth moderate slopes. A large area bordering the Lake Huron shores and in the Chesley region consists of smootNh gentle to very gentle slopes. Drainage The County is drained by streams and rivers that empty into Lake Huron. The streams emptying into the Lake along the shore south of Port Elgin are deeply entrenched. The friable till and lacustrine materials are rapidly cut down leaving deep gullies with barren slopes. The main rivers draining the southwestern part of the County are the Pine and Penetangore. The Saugeen and Sauble River systems drain a large part of the central portion of the County. The streams draining the central area are not so deeply entrenched at the lakeshore but the tributaries of these systems have caused severe dissect’ion in some parts of the County and serious soil loss has occurred. the Climate Numerou s small lakes and rivers provide drainage for the northern part of County. The drainage systems for Bruce County are shown in Figure 7. Climate is an important factor in the formation of soil from and in determining the crops which can be grown in an area. rock materials The climate of Ontario is usually stated to be a modified humid continental t)ype*. The location of the region with respect to large bodies of water greatly modifies both temperature and moisture relationships. The meteorological stat)ions located in the County are situated at Lucknow, Walkerton, Southampton, Wiarton, and Tobermory. Since the climate of an area is reflected in the development of the natural vegetation and soils, a comparison of climatological data from the County is made with that of other stations representing other vegetative zones. Iiapuskasing represents tjhe northern coniferous t ransit~ional zone bet ween hard woods and conifers. region and Huntsville * The Climate of Southern Ontario - Putnam, D. F., and Chapman, L. J., Scientific .~2griculture, Vol. 18, So. 8, April 1938. 21 the
Page 2 and 3: y D. W. HOFFMAN Experimental Farms
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Canada Departme
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont’d) PART I
Page 8 and 9: FIG. l-Outline map of Ontario showi
Page 10 and 11: Information pertaining to land use,
Page 12 and 13: Population and Racial Origin The to
Page 14 and 15: PART II FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMA
Page 16 and 17: TABLE 2 ANALYSES OF BEDROCK FORMATI
Page 18 and 19: The soils found on the coarse open
Page 22 and 23: DRAINAGE SYSTEM FIG. 7 --Ott tline
Page 24 and 25: MONTH TABLE 6 TEMPERATURE AT LUCKNO
Page 26 and 27: SOUTHAMPTON, (62 Years) Ontario. 0
Page 28 and 29: NATURAL VEGETATION Soft Maple, Elm,
Page 30 and 31: P,4RT III THE CLASSIFICATION AND DE
Page 32 and 33: Ao - Accu mulated layer of partiall
Page 34 and 35: 1). Soils Formed from Fine Textured
Page 36 and 37: I. Till Composed of Grey Materials
Page 38 and 39: Agriculture Ao - Thin etc. layer of
Page 40 and 41: A virgin profile, developed under h
Page 42 and 43: Harkaway Silt Loam— Stony Phase (
Page 44 and 45: Wiarton Loam (3,500 acres) The Wiar
Page 46 and 47: Parkhill Silt Loam (2,600 acres) Th
Page 48 and 49: potash and nitrogen are necessary t
Page 50 and 51: The soil is fairly well supplied wi
Page 52 and 53: Brookston Silt Loam (2,000 acres) T
Page 54 and 55: ii, Thin layer of partially decompo
Page 56 and 57: A,, - Thin layer of partially decom
Page 58 and 59: The vegetative cover on this Plainf
Page 60 and 61: The characteristic A horizons of th
Page 62 and 63: Brady sandy loam is a smooth very g
Page 64 and 65: Agriculture General farming and dai
Page 66 and 67: The B horizon of the Burford loam r
Page 68 and 69: The topography is smooth very gentl
Page 70 and 71:
The clay till or clay usually appea
Page 72 and 73:
Developed on stonefree, calcareous,
Page 74 and 75:
(ii) lmperfec t Drainage Elderslie
Page 76 and 77:
The dark grey surface underlain by
Page 78 and 79:
A 0 — A 1 — G 1 — G 2 — C T
Page 80 and 81:
Agriculture Most of the mlick soils
Page 82 and 83:
PART IV AGRICULTURE AND LAND USE Ea
Page 84 and 85:
agriculture in the area. Large acre
Page 86 and 87:
TEXTURE looms, silt looms. FIG. I,?
Page 88 and 89:
The Donnybrook soils are usually a
Page 90 and 91:
Good wheat crops are produced on Te
Page 92 and 93:
(h) Imperfect Drainage SOIL TYPE AC
Page 94 and 95:
Adaptability Rating for Bruce Count
Page 96 and 97:
: : : : : .:: : : : : : ii. : :id j
Page 98 and 99:
- - - - - L - F - - I __ I I I -
Page 100 and 101:
TABLE 19 ACRE-YIELDS OF SOME CROPS
Page 102 and 103:
Problem Areas Gully-erosion is ofte
Page 104 and 105:
otations consisting largely of sod
Page 106 and 107:
PART V~ ANALYTICAL DATA Chemical an
Page 108 and 109:
I TABLE 22 (Cont’d) CJJEMJCA I, A
Page 110:
TABLE 23 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ANAL
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GUELPH, ONTARIO - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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