CIBA SHRIMP FEED TECHNOLOGY FOR COMMERCIALIZATION ...

CIBA SHRIMP FEED TECHNOLOGY FOR COMMERCIALIZATION
BACKGROUND
Shrimp farming has shown phenomenal growth during the last decade in India. Feed being a
major input, it has become a central focal point in shrimp farming. Shrimp feed market has
shown impressive growth of more than 1,00,000 tons per annum during this period. There are
more than six feed mills in the country, established with overseas collaboration and are
producing shrimp feeds using imported raw materials. In the present situation of fluctuating
shrimp prices in international and domestic market and also the feed cost going up farmers are
looking to reduction in cost of feed. In this context Central Institute of Brackishwater
Aquaculture (CIBA) has developed indigenous shrimp feed technology for processing and
production of different grades (Starter, Grower and Finisher) of pellet feeds for the culture of
tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and Indian white shrimp (P. indicus). The feeds were tested
in yard experiments and also in extensive field trials in grow-out ponds. The indigenous
shrimp feed technology developed at this Institute would help in producing good quality and
cost effective feeds for shrimp farming in the country.
FEED FORMULATIONS
The institute has developed balanced shrimp feed formulations for Starter, Grower and
Finisher grade feeds separately for tiger shrimp and the white shrimp based on their dietary
nutritional requirements. The feed formulations contain vitamin and mineral mixtures
developed exclusively for this shrimp. Beside, the formulations also contain feed attractants
and other feed additives required for faster growth of shrimp and producing good feed
conversion ratio (FCR). The raw materials are selected from a list of 16 ingredients
representing protein sources (animal & plant), lipids, carbohydrate sources, feed additives and
binders. The feed formulations confirm to the nutrient levels required for tiger shrimp and
white shrimp as given in the table below:

Table: Nutrient levels in different grades of CIBA shrimp feeds
Nutrient
Tiger shrimp
White Shrimp
Starter Grower Finisher Starter Grower Finisher
Crude protein (%) 40-45 38-40 35-38 40-42 35-38 32-35
Lipid (%) 6-8 8-10 8-10 6-8 8-10 8-10
Carbohydrate (%) 10-16 15-20 20-25 10-15 15-25 20-30
Crude fiber (%) 1-2 1-3 2-4 1-2 2-4 3-5
Ash (%) 10-12 10-15 12-18 10-15 10-16 10-18
Energy (Kcal/100g) 350-400 380-420 380-420 350-400 350-400 350-400
Vitamin mix 0.5-2 0.5-2 0.5-2 0.5-2 0.5-2 0.5-2
Mineral mix 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5
PROCESSING AND PRODUCTION OF FEED
The feed production technology developed by CIBA is based on the ring-die pellet mill, which is
indigenously available. The feed production involves grinding of raw materials, mixing, steam
conditioning, pelletization, post-pellet conditioning, drying, grading and packing. All the processing
stages are standardized in a pilot-scale feed mill for the production of good quality feeds.
The shrimp feed technology also includes standardized processing of feed pellets using three choice
binders for producing pellets with good aqua-stability (retaining of pellet shape in water). Following are
the specifications of different grade feeds produced:
Pre-starter - 0.2 mm
Starter-I - 0.5 mm
Starter-II - 1.0 mm
Grower - 1.8- 2.0 mm
Finisher - 2.3 – 2.5 mm
TEST RESULTS OF CIBA SHRIMP FEEDS
CIBA shrimp feeds are evolved by three tier testing system. First the feeds were tested in
laboratory and yard experiments on three different size groups (postlarvae PL-20, juveniles 2-
5g and adults 10-15g) of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and Indian white shrimp (P.
indicus). Using the successful formulations, large quantities of feeds were produced in pilotscale
feed mill established at the Muttukadu experimental station of CIBA. These feeds were
extensively tested in grow-out ponds of the institute and also ponds belonging to farmers in
different locations. The feeds had produced excellent growth of shrimp and gave good FCR of

1.2 to 1.8: 1 The performance of the CIBA feeds tested on tiger shrimp in grow-out ponds is
summarized in the table below:
Table: Performance of CIBA shrimp feed on tiger shrimp in grow-out ponds
Compared with commercial (reputed brand) feed
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Particulars
Tested in
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Institute's farm (1) Farmer's farm (2) Farmer's farm
CIBA Commercial CIBA Commercial Used only
feed feed feed feed CIBA feed
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Area of pond (ha) 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.52
Stocking density (no/m2) 5 5 10 10 12
Days of culture 100 100 140 140 137
Average weight of shrimp 28.0 28.0 32.0 32.0 28
at harvest (g)
Quantity harvested (kg) 237 239 2325 2400 1665
Production (kg/ha) 1185 1195 2325 2400 3202
FCR 1.23 1.22 1.81 1.63 1.22
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DESIRABLE FEATURES OF CIBA SHRIMP FEED
CIBA shrimp feed is produced using indigenous machinery and also largely using indigenous
raw materials. Because of this the cost of feed produced has an edge over the commercial
imported feeds. Since shrimp production and FCR obtained with CIBA shrimp feed are
practically on par with those of the commercial feeds, the cost of production of shrimp with
CIBA feed is lower than that of the latter. Hence the farmer realizes better profits by use of
CIBA shrimp feed which is a very desirable feature. There fore there is an excellent market
potential for this shrimp feed.
Presently shrimp aquaculture is carried out only in about 15% of the coastal lands available
for this purpose. The area under shrimp farming is rapidly expanding opening up large demand
for shrimp feed. Hence there is good potential for shrimp feed market.
COST OF FEED PRODUCTION UNIT
The feed production unit can be established at an approximate cost of rupees 50 lakhs with a
production capacity of 2 tons of feed per hour with single pellet mill unit. Having multiple
units of pellet mill can increase the total feed production capacity.

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY
The CIBA shrimp feed technology can be transferred to prospective entrepreneurs by the
institute. For details please contact the following address
The Director
Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
75, Santhome High Road, RA Puram
CHENNAI- 600 028
Phone: (044): 24618817, 24616948, 24610565; Fax: 091-44-24610311, Email: director@ciba.res.in
CIBA - Pilot-scale Feed mill at
Muttukadu Experimental Station
SHRIM FEEDS