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Pigeonpea B i b l i o g r a p h y
measures i s emphasized and t h e p o s s i b i l i t y
o f g e t t i n g c o m p a r a t i v e l y r e s i s t a n t l i n e s i n
t h e germplasm i s d i s c u s s e d .
ATHWAL, A . S . 1970.
I n s e c t p o l l i n a t o r s o f c r o p s . B i o l o g y ,
ecology and u t i l i z a t i o n o f i n s e c t s o t h e r
than honeybees i n t h e p o l l i n a t i o n o f crops
( F i n a l Research Report 1965-70) .
PL-480 P r o j e c t ( A 7 - E n t - 1 9 ) , Punjab
A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y , L u d h i a n a ,
I n d i a . 115 p p . 605
P o l l i n a t o r s of Cajanus indicus g i v e n w i t h
d e t a i l e d b i o l o g y , h a b i t s , photographs e t c .
Megachile spp. Cerulina s p . and Xylocopa
s p . a r e r e f e r r e d t o a s p o l l i n a t o r s .
ATHWAL, A . S . 1976.
A g r i c u l t u r a l p e s t s o f I n d i a and South-East
A s i a . In: Pests of Pulse Crops. Ludhiana:
Kalyani P u b l i s h e r s . 175 pp. 606
About 150 i n s e c t s have been r e c o r d e d f e e d ­
i n g on 10 i m p o r t a n t p u l s e crops grown in
d i f f e r e n t p a r t s o f I n d i a . O f t h e s e , about
one dozen i n s e c t s , i n c l u d i n g pod b o r e r s ,
stem b o r e r s , l e a f m i n e r s , f o l i a g e c a t e r ­
p i l l a r s , c u t worms, j a s s i d s , a p h i d s , and
w h i t e f l i e s a r e i m p o r t a n t . The l i f e - c y c l e s
of t h e plume moth ( E x e l a s t i s atomosa) and
red gram pod f l y (Agromyza o b t u s a M . ) , t h e
e x t e n t of damage, and c o n t r o l measures to
be taken a r e d i s c u s s e d .
BALASUBRAMANIAN, G . , R. RABINDRA JEBAMONI,
P.P. VASUDEVA MENON, and T.R. SUBRAMANIAN.
1976.
C o n t r o l o f r e d gram pod b o r e r s w i t h spray
f o r m u l a t i o n s . Madras A g r i c . J . 6 3 ( 4 ) :
251-252. 607
E n d o s u l f a n 0.07% was s u p e r i o r t o o t h e r s i n
c o n t r o l l i n g pod b o r e r s . The t r e a t m e n t s
monocrotophos, m a l a t h i o n + f e n i t r o t h i o n ,
d i m e t h o a t e , and f e n t h o a t e were e q u a l l y
e f f e c t i v e i n r e d u c i n g t h e i n c i d e n c e o f
pod b o r e r s and g e t t i n g h i g h e r y i e l d s .
C a r b a r y l b o t h at 0 . 1 % and 0.25% r e g i s t e r e d
l e s s pod b o r e r damage.
BARROW, R.M. 1968.
Bionomics of a l e a f - e a t i n g b e e t l e (Diphaulaca
n. s p . ) on pigeonpea (Cajanue cajan)
i n T r i n i d a d . P r o c . C a r i b b . F d Crops Soc.
6 t h Annual M e e t i n g , T r i n i d a d . 6 :
3 8 - 4 1 . 608
A h i g h l e v e l of h o s t s p e c i f i c i t y was demons
t r a t e d b y t h e l e a f - e a t i n g f l e a - b e e t l e
s p e c i e s of Diphaulaca. Only Cajanue c a j a n
and no o t h e r legume was consumed. The peak
i n c i d e n c e o f t h i s pest c o i n c i d e s w i t h the
peak r a i n f a l l p e r i o d s i n T r i n i d a d .
BASANT SINGH, RAMESHWAR PRASAD, and
Y.K. MATHUR. 1976.
E f f e c t o f i n s e c t i c i d e c o m b i n a t i o n o n t h e
i n c i d e n c e of Melanagromyza obtusa M a l l ,
and o n y i e l d o f a r h a r c r o p . P e s t i c i d e s
1 0 ( l ) : 4 2 - 4 3 . 609
Spraying of 0.03% phosphamidon mixed w i t h
0.03% e n d o s u l f a n ( 1 : 1 ) a t the r a t e o f
1,135 l i t e r s per h e c t a r e can be recommended
f o r t h e c o n t r o l of M. obtuaa on a r h a r crop
and f o r r e a l i z i n g a p p r e c i a b l e y i e l d .
BENNET, F.D. 1960.
P a r a s i t e s of Ancylostomia stevcorea (Pyralidae;
Lepidoptera) a pod b o r e r a t t a c k i n g
pigeonpea i n T r i n i d a d . B u l l . E n t . Res.
5 9 ( 4 ) : 7 3 7 - 7 5 7 . 610
I n T r i n i d a d , the o n l y s e r i o u s pod b o r e r
a t t a c k i n g pigeonpea is Ancylostomia stercor
e a Z e l l . , which breeds throughout the
y e a r . The eggs are l a i d on the young pods
and the l a r v a e feed on the d e v e l o p i n g seeds
and l a t e r pupate i n the s o i l . The complete
l i f e c y c l e r e q u i r e s 26 to 32 days. E i g h t
species of p a r a s i t e s were r e a r e d from the
l a r v a e o f A n c y l o s t o m i a . L i f e h i s t o r y
s t u d i e s and r e a r i n g techniques f o r the
s i x commonest species are p r e s e n t e d .
BINDRA, O.S. 1965.
B i o l o g y and bionomics of Clavigralla gibbosa
S p i n o l a , the pod bug of pigeonpea.
I n d i a n J . A g r i c . S c i . 3 5 : 3 2 2 - 3 3 4 . 611
There was c o n s i d e r a b l e o v e r l a p p i n g of
g e n e r a t i o n s and s i x g e n e r a t i o n s were p o s s i ­
b l e from November to May. The pest c o u l d
be c o l l e c t e d o n l y from Cajanue c a j a n . An
e f f e c t i v e p a r a s i t e , Hadronotus antestiae
Dodd, was found f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e
p a r a s i t i z i n g t h e eggs.
BINDRA, O.S. 1968.
I n s e c t pests o f p u l s e c r o p s .
1 7 ( 1 1 ) : 1 2 - 1 4 .
I n d i a n Fmg
612
More than 150 species of i n s e c t s are known
t o a t t a c k p u l s e crops i n I n d i a and o f these
about 25 cause s e r i o u s damage. Red gram
s u f f e r s s e r i o u s l o s s e s from a t t a c k n o t o n l y
b y c a t e r p i l l a r s b u t a l s o pod f l y , plume
m o t h , and pod b u g . A l a r g e number of o t h e r
i n s e c t s which a r e n o t s e r i o u s pests i n d i v i ­
d u a l l y a l s o cause a p p r e c i a b l e damage
c o l l e c t i v e l y .
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