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Pigeonpea B i b l i o g r a p h y
Amendment o f s o i l w i t h r o o t s o f c e r t a i n
leguminous c r o p s , molasses, and o i l cake
markedly i n c r e a s e d t h e a n t i b i o t i c p r o d u c ­
t i o n by Bacillus s u b t i l i s . A s o i l amendment
c o n s i s t i n g of a c o m b i n a t i o n of groundn
u t cake and molasses was about f i v e times
more e f f e c t i v e than a d e x t r o s e amendment in
i n c r e a s i n g t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f b u l b i f o r m i n
and a l s o f a v o r e d i t s p e r s i s t e n c e i n the
s o i l . The a n t i b i o t i c was found t o a c t
s y s t e m i c a l l y and to be n o n p h y t o t o x i c when
t a k e n up by t h e r o o t s of pigeonpea (Cajanus
cajan) i n p o t e x p e r i m e n t . I n o c u l a t i o n o f
B . s u b t i l i s i n t o a u t o c l a v e d s o i l amended
w i t h molasses, sweet c l o v e r r o o t s , and
groundnut cake reduced by 88% t h e i n c i d e n c e
of pigeonpea w i l t caused by Fusarium udum.
VASUDEVA, R . S . , T.V. SUBBAIAH, M.L.N. SASTRY,
G. RANGASWAMY, and R.S. IYENGAR. 1958.
' B u l b i f o r m i n ' , a n a n t i b i o t i c produced b y
Bacillus s u b t i l i s . Ann. A p p l . B i o l .
4 6 ( 3 ) : 3 3 6 - 3 4 5 . 1125
A n t i b i o t i c i s c h i e f l y a n t i f u n g a l . I t s
presence l e a d s t o f o r m a t i o n o f c h a r a c t e r i s ­
t i c b u l b s i n t h e spores and hyphae o f t h e
t e s t f u n g i . A c t i v e p r i n c i p l e i s thermol
a b i l e . I t i s suggested t h a t the a n t i b i o -
t i c under c o n s i d e r a t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t from
those of B. aubtilie p r e v i o u s l y d e s c r i b e d ,
t h e r e f o r e t h e name proposed f o r t h i s
a n t i b i o t i c i s b u l b i f o r m i n . E f f e c t i v e
a g a i n s t F. udum-
VENKATA RAM, C.S. 1955.
S o i l f u s a r i a and t h e i r p a t h o g e n i c i t y .
P r o c . I n d i a n Acad. S c i . ( S e c t . B )
4 2 ( 4 ) : 1 2 4 - 1 4 4 . 1126
A number of t r a n s i t i o n a l forms were o b s e r ­
ved between t h e v i r u l e n t and a v i r u l e n t
i s o l a t e s p a t h o g e n i c on c o t t o n and pigeonpea,
i n d i c a t i n g t h a t Fusaria occur i n s o i l s i n
a m u l t i p l i c i t y o f p a t h o g e n i c f o r m s . I n
c e r t a i n s t r a i n s o f h i g h l y s p e c i a l i z e d
w i l t Fusaria, F. udum and F. v a s i n f e c t u m
h o s t s e l e c t i v i t y was observed and many
o t h e r s were n o n s p e c i f i c t o t h e h o s t .
The s i g n i f i c a n c e o f these r e s u l t s i n t h e
taxonomy of Fusaria is d i s c u s s e d . M i x i n g
two i s o l a t e s r e s u l t e d e i t h e r i n s y n e r g i s m
and augmentation i n p a t h o g e n i c i t y o r i n
antagonism and decrease i n i n f e c t i o n .
WALLACE, G.B. 1932.
Report of t h e M y c o l o g i s t . A. Rep. Dep.
A g r i c . Tanganyika T e r r i t o r y , 1930;
5 3 - 5 5 . 1127
Nematospora coryli found in t h e seeds of
p i g e o n p e a .
WALLACE, G.B. 1932.
Tanganyika t e r r i t o r y fungus l i s t . Recent
Records. 1 0 . M y c o l . C i r c . Dep. A g r i c . *
Tanganyike, 2 3 : 1 - 5 (Mimeograph). 1128
Fusarium lateritium v a r . uncinatum was i s o -
l a t e d from r o o t s , c o l l a r and stems o f
pigeonpea. R e i n o c u l a t i o n caused death o f
two s e e d l i n g s .
WATERSTON, J . M . 1944.
P l a n t P a t h o l o g y . Rep. Dep. A g r i c . Bermuda,
1 9 4 3 : 7 - 8 . 1129
Uromyces dolicholi new r e c o r d and Sclerotinia
sclerotionum found f o r t h e f i r s t time
on pigeonpea pods.
WEISS, F. 1945.
V i r u s e s d e s c r i b e d p r i m a r i l y o n leguminous
v e g e t a b l e and f o r a g e c r o p s . P I . D i s . Reptr
( S u p p l . ) 154:32-80 (Mimeograph). 1130
A summary o f a v a i l a b l e l i t e r a t u r e i s p r e ­
sented and d e s c r i p t i o n s g i v e n o f t y p i c a l
v i r u s e s o c c u r r i n g i n t h e leguminosae.
Notes on o t h e r v i r u s e s and s i m i l a r diseases
r e p o r t e d on t h e leguminous c r o p s .
WIEHE, P.O. 1939.
D i v i s i o n of P l a n t P a t h o l o g y . Rep. Dep.
A g r i c . M a u r i t i u s . 1 9 3 8 : 3 4 - 3 9 . 1131
Pigeonpea w i l t o u t b r e a k found due t o
Gibberella fujikuroi v a r . s u b g l u t i n a n s .
WILLIAMS, F . J . , K.S. AMIN, and B. BALDEV.
1975.
Phytophthora stem b l i g h t of Cajanus cajan.
P h y t o p a t h . 6 5 ( 9 ) : 1 0 2 9 - 1 0 3 0 . 1132
A new stem b l i g h t d i s e a s e of Cajanus cajan
was f i r s t observed i n e x p e r i m e n t a l p l o t s
i n I n d i a i n 1966, and was e p i p h y t o t i c a t
New D e l h i i n 1969. I t i s capable o f
c a u s i n g widespread damage. Symptoms are
d a r k brown t o b l a c k l e s i o n s which p a r t i a l l y
o r e n t i r e l y e n c i r c l e t h e stem a t t h e base
or on branches up to a meter above s o i l
l e v e l . Rapid w i l t i n g o f f o l i a g e occurs
above t h e l e s i o n . The pathogen appears to
be a new species of Phytophthora.
WILLIAMS, F . J . , J . S . GREWAL, and K.S. AMIN.
1968.
Serious and new diseases of p u l s e crops in
I n d i a i n 1966. P I . D i s . Reptr 5 2 :
300-304. 1133
S e v e r a l diseases caused c o n s i d e r a b l e r e d u c ­
t i o n i n y i e l d o f p u l s e crops i n I n d i a d u r i n g
the 1966 season. S t e r i l i t y mosaic o f
Cajanus c a j a n was p r e v a l e n t in e a s t e r n
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