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ACRONYMS AC A/D ADC AMLD AMPS ASK AWGN BER BPSK BCJR CDF CDM CDMA CRC D-AMPS DDFSE DC DFE Alternating Current Analog-to-Digital American Digital Cellular Assisted Maximum Likelihood Detection Advanced Mobile Phone Service Amplitude Shift Keying Additive White Gaussian Noise Bit Error Rate Binary Shift Keying Bahl, Cocke, Jelinek, and Raviv Cumulative Distribution Function Code-Division Multiplexing Code-Division Multiple Access Cyclic Redundancy Code Digital Advanced Mobile Phone Service Delayed Decision-Feedback Sequence Estimation Direct Current Decision Feedback Equalization
XXwi ACRONYMS DFSE DFT EDGE EM EVDO FBF FEC FF FFF FFT FIR GMSK GSM HSDPA I/Q IRC IS IS-95 ISI LDPC LE LLF LLR LMS LOS LSB LTE MAP MAPPD MAPSD MF MFB MIMO MISI MMSE Decision Feedback Sequence Estimation Discrete Fourier Transform Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution Expectation-Maximization originally EVolution, Data Only, now EVolution, Data Optimized Feedback Filter Forward Error Correction Forward Filter Feedforward Filter Fast Fourier Transform Finite Impulse Response Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Groupe Spéciale Mobile (French), now Global System for Mobile communications High Speed Data Packet Access In-phase/Quadrature Interference Rejection Combining Interim Standard Interim Standard 95, US CDMA InterSymbol Interference Low-Density Parity Check Linear Equalization Log-Likelihood Function Log-Likelihood Ratio Least Mean-Square Line-Of-Sight Least Significant Bit Long Term Evolution Maximum A Posteriori MAP Packet Detection MAP Symbol Detection Matched Filtering Matched Filter Bound Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Minimum InterSymbol Interference Minimum Mean-Square Error
Page 2 and 3: Channel Equalization for Wireless C
Page 4 and 5: To my colleagues at Ericsson
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS List of Figures List of Ta
Page 8 and 9: CONTENTS XI 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.1
Page 10 and 11: CONTENTS XIII 8 Practical Considera
Page 12 and 13: xvi LIST OF FIGURES 2.2 Matched fil
Page 14 and 15: XviÜ LIST OF FIGURES 6.18 Scatter
Page 16 and 17: XX Prologue Alice was nervous. Woul
Page 18 and 19: XXÜ PREFACE is introduced as neede
Page 22 and 23: ML MLD MLPD MLSD MLSE MRC MSE MSB O
Page 24 and 25: 2 INTRODUCTION Table 1.1 Possible m
Page 26 and 27: 4 INTRODUCTION s o S 1 8 2 S 3 S 0
Page 28 and 29: 6 INTRODUCTION A block diagram of t
Page 30 and 31: 8 INTRODUCTION Figure 1.7 QPSK. tra
Page 32 and 33: 10 INTRODUCTION phases (phase modul
Page 34 and 35: 12 INTRODUCTION rollo« 0.22 0.8 Ί
Page 36 and 37: 14 INTRODUCTION is the "channel" re
Page 38 and 39: 16 INTRODUCTION 1.4 MORE MATH In th
Page 40 and 41: 18 INTRODUCTION For K = 1 (order 0)
Page 42 and 43: 20 INTRODUCTION The K = 4 main bloc
Page 44 and 45: 22 INTRODUCTION A sample of the noi
Page 46 and 47: 24 INTRODUCTION The receiver may ha
Page 48 and 49: 26 INTRODUCTION 1.5.1 Reference sys
Page 50 and 51: 28 INTRODUCTION a) What most likely
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 2 MATCHED FILTERING In this
Page 55 and 56: MORE DETAILS 33 2.2 MORE DETAILS So
Page 57 and 58: THE MATH 35 Now compare the output
Page 59 and 60: THE MATH 37 The correlation in (2.2
Page 61 and 62: THE MATH 39 correlation function f(
Page 63 and 64: THE MATH 41 Thus, in the complex pl
Page 65 and 66: THE MATH 43 to the medium response
Page 67 and 68: THE MATH 45 We can interpret f(t) a
Page 69 and 70: MORE MATH 47 10" 1 Odeg 90 deg X 18
Page 71 and 72:
MORE MATH 49 With despread-level Ra
Page 73 and 74:
MORE MATH 51 Figure 2.6 OFDM exampl
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MORE MATH 53 2.4.3 MF in colored no
Page 77 and 78:
PROBLEMS 55 period) is examined in
Page 79 and 80:
CHAPTER 3 ZERO-FORCING DECISION FEE
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MORE DETAILS 59 1/c r m —► H i
Page 83 and 84:
MORE DETAILS 61 where «i = m - (d/
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MORE MATH 63 Because there is no IS
Page 87 and 88:
MORE MATH 65 In the later chapter o
Page 89 and 90:
PROBLEMS 67 b) What is the detected
Page 91 and 92:
CHAPTER 4 LINEAR EQUALIZATION With
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THE IDEA 71 estimate of symbol s 2
Page 95 and 96:
THE IDEA 73 Notice that £2 (MSE) d
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MORE DETAILS 75 The first term is t
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MORE DETAILS 77 To obtain the unity
Page 101 and 102:
THE MATH 79 and SINR becomes w T h
Page 103 and 104:
THE MATH 81 To obtain the MMSE solu
Page 105 and 106:
THE MATH 83 where *m n = ν ^ ^ ^ '
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THE MATH 85 power is much larger th
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MORE MATH 87 IQ' 1 OC 111 ω 10 2 1
Page 111 and 112:
MORE MATH 89 values of h k m (f) fr
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MORE MATH 91 where C(d(),d 0 ) . C(
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AN EXAMPLE 93 between z and s. This
Page 117 and 118:
PROBLEMS 95 Another aspect of cocha
Page 119:
PROBLEMS 97 The math 4.11 Consider
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100 MMSE AND ML DECISION FEEDBACK E
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 137 and 138:
CHAPTER 6 MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD SEQUEN
Page 139 and 140:
MORE DETAILS 117 r 2 Ht, r, fcl + f
Page 141 and 142:
MORE DETAILS 119 Figure 6.3 MLSD tr
Page 143 and 144:
THE MATH 121 legs of the journey is
Page 145 and 146:
THE MATH 123 Figure 6.8 MLSD trelli
Page 147 and 148:
THE MATH 125 We would then identify
Page 149 and 150:
THE MATH 127 Expanding the square,
Page 151 and 152:
THE MATH 129 Consider the matched f
Page 153 and 154:
THE MATH 131 6.3.5.1 M-algorithm Wi
Page 155 and 156:
THE MATH 133 results, DFE and MLSD
Page 157 and 158:
THE MATH 135 IQ" 1 oc LU CD 10 2 10
Page 159 and 160:
THE MATH 137 sometimes inaccurate w
Page 161 and 162:
MORE MATH 139 POWER CONTROL effecti
Page 163 and 164:
MORE MATH 141 15 POWER CONTROL 10
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MORE MATH 143 6.4.3 More approximat
Page 167 and 168:
THE LITERATURE 145 EDGE is an evolu
Page 169 and 170:
PROBLEMS 147 the channel to minimum
Page 171:
PROBLEMS 149 c) Suppose we know «o
Page 174 and 175:
152 ADVANCED TOPICS detecting the w
Page 176 and 177:
154 ADVANCED TOPICS Table 7.2 Examp
Page 178 and 179:
156 ADVANCED TOPICS Let's look at t
Page 180 and 181:
158 ADVANCED TOPICS Thus, for MAPSD
Page 182 and 183:
160 ADVANCED TOPICS Table 7.6 Examp
Page 184 and 185:
162 ADVANCED TOPICS If we assume no
Page 186 and 187:
164 ADVANCED TOPICS Now we can focu
Page 188 and 189:
166 ADVANCED TOPICS Notice we used
Page 190 and 191:
168 ADVANCED TOPICS to achieve spat
Page 192 and 193:
170 ADVANCED TOPICS c) What are the
Page 195 and 196:
CHAPTER 8 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Page 197 and 198:
MORE DETAILS 175 8.2 MORE DETAILS I
Page 199 and 200:
MORE DETAILS 177 One extreme is to
Page 201 and 202:
THE MATH 179 8.3.1 Time-invariant c
Page 203 and 204:
THE MATH 181 With recursive channel
Page 205 and 206:
MORE PRACTICAL ASPECTS 183 timing).
Page 207 and 208:
THE LITERATURE 185 8.6 THE LITERATU
Page 209 and 210:
PROBLEMS 187 a) Draw the new receiv
Page 211 and 212:
APPENDIX A SIMULATION NOTES Perform
Page 213 and 214:
FADING CHANNELS 191 where JA = A 2
Page 215 and 216:
APPENDIX B NOTATION Channel Equaliz
Page 217:
NOTATION 195 Variable Meaning p(t)
Page 220 and 221:
198 REFERENCES [Ari98] [Ari99] [Ari
Page 222 and 223:
200 REFERENCES [Bra91] W. R. Braun
Page 224 and 225:
202 REFERENCES [Div98] [Dou95] [Due
Page 226 and 227:
204 REFERENCES [Gon68] R. A. Gonsal
Page 228 and 229:
206 REFERENCES [Kaa94] [Kai60] V.-P
Page 230 and 231:
208 REFERENCES [ManOl] [Mar73] [Mar
Page 232 and 233:
210 REFERENCES [Pic95] [P0088] [Pri
Page 234 and 235:
212 REFERENCES [Sto93] [Sto96] [Sui
Page 236 and 237:
214 REFERENCES [Wan06a] T. Wang, J.
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