mohatta2015.pdf

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XX Prologue Alice was nervous. Would Bob receive the message correctly? They were playing a new cell phone version of Truth or Dare, and Bob had picked Truth. Alice was given a list of three questions and had selected one to ask him. But Bob was far from the cell tower that was sending her message to him. Her message was bouncing off of buildings and arriving at Bob's phone like multiple echoes. Would Bob's phone be able to figure out the message? Would she be able to receive his response?
PREFACE The working title of this book was Channel Equalization for Everyone. Channel equalization for everyone? Well, for high school students, channel equalization provides a simple, interesting example of how mathematics and physics can be used to solve real-world problems. It also introduces them to the way engineers think, perhaps inspiring them to pursue a degree in engineering. Similar reasoning applies to first-year undergraduate engineering students. For senior undergraduate students and graduate students in electrical engineering, channel equalization is a useful topic in communications. Data rates on wireless and wireline connections continue to rise, as do information densities on storage devices. Packing more and more digital symbols in time or space ultimately leads to intersymbol interference, requiring some form of equalization. Each new communications air interface or data storage device poses its own challenges, keeping channel equalization a topic of research as well. So how can one book be used to teach channel equalization to such different audiences? Each chapter is divided into the following sections. 1. The Idea: The idea is described at a level suitable for junior/senior high school students and first-year undergraduate students with a background in algebra. 2. More Details: More information is provided that is intended for senior undergraduate students but is perhaps more suitable for first-year graduate students more comfortable with many variables in algebra. Differential calculus and complex numbers are used in a few places. A little bit of probability theory xxi
Page 2 and 3: Channel Equalization for Wireless C
Page 4 and 5: To my colleagues at Ericsson
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS List of Figures List of Ta
Page 8 and 9: CONTENTS XI 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.1
Page 10 and 11: CONTENTS XIII 8 Practical Considera
Page 12 and 13: xvi LIST OF FIGURES 2.2 Matched fil
Page 14 and 15: XviÜ LIST OF FIGURES 6.18 Scatter
Page 18 and 19: XXÜ PREFACE is introduced as neede
Page 20 and 21: ACRONYMS AC A/D ADC AMLD AMPS ASK A
Page 22 and 23: ML MLD MLPD MLSD MLSE MRC MSE MSB O
Page 24 and 25: 2 INTRODUCTION Table 1.1 Possible m
Page 26 and 27: 4 INTRODUCTION s o S 1 8 2 S 3 S 0
Page 28 and 29: 6 INTRODUCTION A block diagram of t
Page 30 and 31: 8 INTRODUCTION Figure 1.7 QPSK. tra
Page 32 and 33: 10 INTRODUCTION phases (phase modul
Page 34 and 35: 12 INTRODUCTION rollo« 0.22 0.8 Ί
Page 36 and 37: 14 INTRODUCTION is the "channel" re
Page 38 and 39: 16 INTRODUCTION 1.4 MORE MATH In th
Page 40 and 41: 18 INTRODUCTION For K = 1 (order 0)
Page 42 and 43: 20 INTRODUCTION The K = 4 main bloc
Page 44 and 45: 22 INTRODUCTION A sample of the noi
Page 46 and 47: 24 INTRODUCTION The receiver may ha
Page 48 and 49: 26 INTRODUCTION 1.5.1 Reference sys
Page 50 and 51: 28 INTRODUCTION a) What most likely
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 2 MATCHED FILTERING In this
Page 55 and 56: MORE DETAILS 33 2.2 MORE DETAILS So
Page 57 and 58: THE MATH 35 Now compare the output
Page 59 and 60: THE MATH 37 The correlation in (2.2
Page 61 and 62: THE MATH 39 correlation function f(
Page 63 and 64: THE MATH 41 Thus, in the complex pl
Page 65 and 66: THE MATH 43 to the medium response
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THE MATH 45 We can interpret f(t) a
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MORE MATH 47 10" 1 Odeg 90 deg X 18
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MORE MATH 49 With despread-level Ra
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MORE MATH 51 Figure 2.6 OFDM exampl
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MORE MATH 53 2.4.3 MF in colored no
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PROBLEMS 55 period) is examined in
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CHAPTER 3 ZERO-FORCING DECISION FEE
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MORE DETAILS 59 1/c r m —► H i
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MORE DETAILS 61 where «i = m - (d/
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MORE MATH 63 Because there is no IS
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MORE MATH 65 In the later chapter o
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PROBLEMS 67 b) What is the detected
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CHAPTER 4 LINEAR EQUALIZATION With
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THE IDEA 71 estimate of symbol s 2
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THE IDEA 73 Notice that £2 (MSE) d
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MORE DETAILS 75 The first term is t
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MORE DETAILS 77 To obtain the unity
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THE MATH 79 and SINR becomes w T h
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THE MATH 81 To obtain the MMSE solu
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THE MATH 83 where *m n = ν ^ ^ ^ '
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THE MATH 85 power is much larger th
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MORE MATH 87 IQ' 1 OC 111 ω 10 2 1
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MORE MATH 89 values of h k m (f) fr
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MORE MATH 91 where C(d(),d 0 ) . C(
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AN EXAMPLE 93 between z and s. This
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PROBLEMS 95 Another aspect of cocha
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PROBLEMS 97 The math 4.11 Consider
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100 MMSE AND ML DECISION FEEDBACK E
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Page 137 and 138:
CHAPTER 6 MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD SEQUEN
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MORE DETAILS 117 r 2 Ht, r, fcl + f
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MORE DETAILS 119 Figure 6.3 MLSD tr
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THE MATH 121 legs of the journey is
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THE MATH 123 Figure 6.8 MLSD trelli
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THE MATH 125 We would then identify
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THE MATH 127 Expanding the square,
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THE MATH 129 Consider the matched f
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THE MATH 131 6.3.5.1 M-algorithm Wi
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THE MATH 133 results, DFE and MLSD
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THE MATH 135 IQ" 1 oc LU CD 10 2 10
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THE MATH 137 sometimes inaccurate w
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MORE MATH 139 POWER CONTROL effecti
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MORE MATH 141 15 POWER CONTROL 10
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MORE MATH 143 6.4.3 More approximat
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THE LITERATURE 145 EDGE is an evolu
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PROBLEMS 147 the channel to minimum
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PROBLEMS 149 c) Suppose we know «o
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152 ADVANCED TOPICS detecting the w
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154 ADVANCED TOPICS Table 7.2 Examp
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156 ADVANCED TOPICS Let's look at t
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158 ADVANCED TOPICS Thus, for MAPSD
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160 ADVANCED TOPICS Table 7.6 Examp
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162 ADVANCED TOPICS If we assume no
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164 ADVANCED TOPICS Now we can focu
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166 ADVANCED TOPICS Notice we used
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168 ADVANCED TOPICS to achieve spat
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170 ADVANCED TOPICS c) What are the
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CHAPTER 8 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS
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MORE DETAILS 175 8.2 MORE DETAILS I
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MORE DETAILS 177 One extreme is to
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THE MATH 179 8.3.1 Time-invariant c
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THE MATH 181 With recursive channel
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MORE PRACTICAL ASPECTS 183 timing).
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THE LITERATURE 185 8.6 THE LITERATU
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PROBLEMS 187 a) Draw the new receiv
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APPENDIX A SIMULATION NOTES Perform
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FADING CHANNELS 191 where JA = A 2
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APPENDIX B NOTATION Channel Equaliz
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NOTATION 195 Variable Meaning p(t)
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198 REFERENCES [Ari98] [Ari99] [Ari
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200 REFERENCES [Bra91] W. R. Braun
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202 REFERENCES [Div98] [Dou95] [Due
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204 REFERENCES [Gon68] R. A. Gonsal
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206 REFERENCES [Kaa94] [Kai60] V.-P
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208 REFERENCES [ManOl] [Mar73] [Mar
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210 REFERENCES [Pic95] [P0088] [Pri
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212 REFERENCES [Sto93] [Sto96] [Sui
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214 REFERENCES [Wan06a] T. Wang, J.
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