L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ...
L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ... L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ...
will allow the project to overcome the highest-risk investment phase. Table 2.2.4. Investment in capital funds of the mining sector in Russia 1995–2008 (in current prices, ‘billion Rubles; 1995 – trillion “old Rubles”) Mining sector, Total 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 38,0 211,4 285,2 297,9 348,7 442,0 501,9 690,7 929,8 1234,0 Including: Fuel mineral extraction sector Non-fuel mineral extraction sector 34,8 195,0 262,4 273,8 315,6 401,6 447,0 627,2 838,4 1118,7 3,2 16,4 22,8 24,1 33,1 40,4 54,9 63,5 91,4 115,4 Compiled on the basis of: . ., 2010. The renewal of the minerals resource base and its development on the basis of mineral resource complexes is of major importance for Russia. The economy of a great many regions and the country as whole substantially depends on the development of raw material industries. In 2007, commercial products of mineral processing industries accounted, in terms of value, for 37.8% in the common structure of the raw material industries. At the same time, the large mineral resource base prepared during the Soviet period has decreased considerably. Those investment projects that initially provided for a minimum margin of safety will be terminated. The excess money in the market during its growth period promoted unsound investments and gave rise to marginal projects. Such projects are economically viable when the market is advancing but their margin of safety is very low. In the event of a slight slowdown in the market, they will face a default. In fact their termination is not bad as only those projects are to survive that are based not on market expectations but on the need to meet the actual demand of the economy in resources and production capacities. 37 95
The renewal of the mineral resource base and increase of capacities of mineral resource complexes form the foundation for development of natural source industries, which now needs strengthening. This process requires focusing efforts of the state and private investors on the strategic lines of development selected by the multiple factor analysis of regional features: geological, geographical, socioeconomic, and others. Based on the comprehensive study of the regional features and economic-geological zoning of the territory, 29 priority areas for the development of the minerals resource base have been chosen as economic development centers. The choice of the economic development centers was caused not only by the availability of deposits of scarce, marketable, and strategic minerals but also by potentialities to develop mineral resource complexes, infrastructure, and socioeconomic basis. Projects for the development of mineral resource complexes are coordinated with state regional development programs and included in the draft Concept of long-term socioeconomic development of the Russian Federation until 2020. Resource projects of strategic importance are aimed to ensure a reliable supply of raw materials and further development of industry and strengthen the country’s economy. Building of new mining and processing enterprises is accompanied by the development of infrastructural facilities, creation of more jobs, and improvement of the social situation. This in its turn prevents the drift of the population from "problem" regions, which have a rich resource base of solid minerals, in particular from remote and border areas in Siberia and the Far East. 38 Mineral resources conservation is one of the aspects of the broader notion "geological environment protection". It includes the achievement of the most technically practicable and economically feasible recovery of minerals. The concepts of the mineral resources management and protection have undergone no changes in connection with the transition to the market conditions though certain difficulties have emerged. They are caused by different interests of the state and subsoil user, which are the most complete recovery of reserves and obtaining the maximum commercial effect from deposit mining. 96
- Page 46 and 47: ing Angola’s large oil resources
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- Page 50 and 51: the continent. To help African coun
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- Page 56 and 57: 100,000 students from almost every
- Page 58 and 59: 15 U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral
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- Page 62 and 63: tion in the global division of labo
- Page 64 and 65: of other nations (manifest in an ex
- Page 66 and 67: The mineral resource base (MRB) of
- Page 68 and 69: In Nigeria, the smelter at Ikot Aba
- Page 70 and 71: ite production at Komi to reach 6.5
- Page 72 and 73: depletion. In South Africa, output
- Page 74 and 75: 25-26 thousand tons of copper conce
- Page 76 and 77: Country 75 Cost Ranges Namibia 0 20
- Page 78 and 79: The Elkon district, Southern Yakuti
- Page 80 and 81: ites and Miocene sediments extendin
- Page 82 and 83: South, Etango and Valencia alaskite
- Page 84 and 85: of competitiveness by similar produ
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- Page 90 and 91: vately owned. The leading enterpris
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- Page 94 and 95: Table 2.2.2. Distribution of capita
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- Page 102 and 103: Soviet organizations supplied Alger
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- Page 118 and 119: that the main aims were inter-alia
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The renewal <strong>of</strong> the mineral resource base <strong>and</strong> increase <strong>of</strong> capacities<br />
<strong>of</strong> mineral resource complexes form the foundation for development<br />
<strong>of</strong> natural source industries, which now needs strengthening.<br />
This process requires focusing efforts <strong>of</strong> the state <strong>and</strong> private investors<br />
on the strategic lines <strong>of</strong> development selected by the multiple<br />
factor analysis <strong>of</strong> regional features: geological, geographical, socioeconomic,<br />
<strong>and</strong> others. Based on the comprehensive study <strong>of</strong> the regional<br />
features <strong>and</strong> economic-geological zoning <strong>of</strong> the territory, 29<br />
priority areas for the development <strong>of</strong> the minerals resource base<br />
have been chosen as economic development centers.<br />
The choice <strong>of</strong> the economic development centers was caused not<br />
only by the availability <strong>of</strong> deposits <strong>of</strong> scarce, marketable, <strong>and</strong> strategic<br />
minerals but also by potentialities to develop mineral resource<br />
complexes, infrastructure, <strong>and</strong> socioeconomic basis. Projects for the<br />
development <strong>of</strong> mineral resource complexes are coordinated with<br />
state regional development programs <strong>and</strong> included in the draft Concept<br />
<strong>of</strong> long-term socioeconomic development <strong>of</strong> the Russian Federation<br />
until 2020.<br />
<strong>Resource</strong> projects <strong>of</strong> strategic importance are aimed to ensure a<br />
reliable supply <strong>of</strong> raw materials <strong>and</strong> further development <strong>of</strong> industry<br />
<strong>and</strong> strengthen the country’s economy. Building <strong>of</strong> new mining <strong>and</strong><br />
processing enterprises is accompanied by the development <strong>of</strong> infrastructural<br />
facilities, creation <strong>of</strong> more jobs, <strong>and</strong> improvement <strong>of</strong> the<br />
social situation. This in its turn prevents the drift <strong>of</strong> the population<br />
from "problem" regions, which have a rich resource base <strong>of</strong> solid<br />
minerals, in particular from remote <strong>and</strong> border areas in Siberia <strong>and</strong><br />
the Far East. 38<br />
Mineral resources conservation is one <strong>of</strong> the aspects <strong>of</strong> the<br />
broader notion "geological environment protection". It includes the<br />
achievement <strong>of</strong> the most technically practicable <strong>and</strong> economically<br />
feasible recovery <strong>of</strong> minerals. The concepts <strong>of</strong> the mineral resources<br />
management <strong>and</strong> protection have undergone no changes in connection<br />
with the transition to the market conditions though certain difficulties<br />
have emerged. They are caused by different interests <strong>of</strong> the state <strong>and</strong><br />
subsoil user, which are the most complete recovery <strong>of</strong> reserves <strong>and</strong><br />
obtaining the maximum commercial effect from deposit mining.<br />
96
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