L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ...
L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ... L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ...
South, Etango and Valencia alaskite deposits located in the Precambrian Damara Orogenic Belt, and those associated with surficial calcretes at Langer Heinrich and Trekkopje, there is continuing exploration that may reveal large undiscovered uranium potential. Although not quantitatively assessed, the uranium potential is considered greatest in the 5 000 km2 granitic terrain of the Damara Belt, Tertiary to recent surficial sedimentary terrains in semiarid areas, where further potential for calcrete deposits is thought to exist and sandstone basins that include the Permo-Triassic Karoo sediments 21 In Niger, activities focused on resource development in and around the existing mine sites in an effort to expand the resource base in the western Arlit area. Several deposits in this area are also under development (Ebba, Tamgak and Tabele). New exploration and development projects, with intensive drilling campaigns on the Azelik, Imouraren and Teguidda deposits, continued through 2009. Exploration and development expenditures reported by the Ministry officials in Niger amount to USD 153 million in 2007 and USD 207 million in 2008, with USD 312.1 million expected in 2009. In South Africa, the Witwatersrand Basin contains the majority (about 73%) of South Africa’s Identified Conventional Resources recoverable at less than USD 80/kgU. It has been the site of extensive prospecting activities and is currently the only source of uranium production in South Africa. Less than 10% of the total South African Identified Conventional Resources recoverable at less than USD 40/kgU and 13% of the Identified Conventional Resources recoverable at less than USD 80/kgU are associated with South Africa’s only uranium recovery facility. there are at least eight companies actively exploring for, developing, or already mining deposits. The majority of these uranium resources are associated with gold resources within the Witwatersrand Supergroup. However, since only one mine, Vaal River Operations, has a uranium recovery plant in operation, large amounts of uranium are presently being discarded into tailing dams. South Africa’s uranium production amounted to 1400 tU 3 O 8 (1185 tU) in 2007, representing a 3.7% decrease compared to 2006. In 2008, the total production was 1 700 tU 3 O 8 (1440 tU). South Africa’s uranium production is set to increase to over 81
5000 tU 3 O 8 (4240 tU) over the next 10 years dominated by projects in the Witwatersrand Basin and in the Karoo Uranium province. South Africa is planning to build four to six new nuclear reactors by 2030 and in order to secure nuclear fuel supplies for South Africa’s growing electricity needs gold miners are now looking into the possibility of reviving their old mine dumps to extract uranium and spur investment in expansions, new capacity, new projects and grass roots exploration. Of significant importance is the fact that in many South Africa production centers uranium is mined in conjunction with gold. Gold alone is processed in the metallurgical plants and all costs are attributable to gold. Although the uranium passes through the processing plant, there is no uranium recovery and the residue is deposited into the surface tailings ponds. 22 In South Africa, a stronger market and supportive government policy stimulated at least eight companies to actively explore, develop and mine deposits in recent years. In Tanzania, about 70 licenses have been issued to companies interested in uranium exploration and investigations of Karoo-age sediments in southern Tanzania (the Mkuju River, Mbamba Bay and Southern Tanzania Projects) and paleochannel associated calcrete and sandstone hosted uranium targets within the Bahi catchment of central Tanzania (the Bahi North and Handa Projects), but expenditure and drilling details were not reported by the government. Updated resource estimates and pre-feasibility studies have been published by the companies involved. Exploration activities are also known to have been conducted in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, and Zambia, although details and associated costs were not reported by the governments of these countries. Lithium. During the perestroika years, the Russian lithium industry switched to imported lithium carbonate supplied mainly from South America 23. This was caused by the intended price policy of lithium products producers who used cheap hydrominerals and loss 82
- Page 32 and 33: a European-African energy forum; th
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- Page 46 and 47: ing Angola’s large oil resources
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- Page 58 and 59: 15 U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral
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- Page 62 and 63: tion in the global division of labo
- Page 64 and 65: of other nations (manifest in an ex
- Page 66 and 67: The mineral resource base (MRB) of
- Page 68 and 69: In Nigeria, the smelter at Ikot Aba
- Page 70 and 71: ite production at Komi to reach 6.5
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South, Etango <strong>and</strong> Valencia alaskite deposits located in the Precambrian<br />
Damara Orogenic Belt, <strong>and</strong> those associated with surficial calcretes<br />
at Langer Heinrich <strong>and</strong> Trekkopje, there is continuing exploration<br />
that may reveal large undiscovered uranium potential. Although<br />
not quantitatively assessed, the uranium potential is considered<br />
greatest in the 5 000 km2 granitic terrain <strong>of</strong> the Damara Belt,<br />
Tertiary to recent surficial sedimentary terrains in semiarid areas,<br />
where further potential for calcrete deposits is thought to exist <strong>and</strong><br />
s<strong>and</strong>stone basins that include the Permo-Triassic Karoo sediments 21<br />
In Niger, activities focused on resource development in <strong>and</strong><br />
around the existing mine sites in an effort to exp<strong>and</strong> the resource<br />
base in the western Arlit area. Several deposits in this area are also<br />
under development (Ebba, Tamgak <strong>and</strong> Tabele). New exploration<br />
<strong>and</strong> development projects, with intensive drilling campaigns on the<br />
Azelik, Imouraren <strong>and</strong> Teguidda deposits, continued through 2009.<br />
Exploration <strong>and</strong> development expenditures reported by the Ministry<br />
<strong>of</strong>ficials in Niger amount to USD 153 million in 2007 <strong>and</strong> USD 207<br />
million in 2008, with USD 312.1 million expected in 2009.<br />
In South <strong>Africa</strong>, the Witwatersr<strong>and</strong> Basin contains the majority<br />
(about 73%) <strong>of</strong> South <strong>Africa</strong>’s Identified Conventional <strong>Resource</strong>s<br />
recoverable at less than USD 80/kgU. It has been the site <strong>of</strong> extensive<br />
prospecting activities <strong>and</strong> is currently the only source <strong>of</strong> uranium<br />
production in South <strong>Africa</strong>. Less than 10% <strong>of</strong> the total South<br />
<strong>Africa</strong>n Identified Conventional <strong>Resource</strong>s recoverable at less than<br />
USD 40/kgU <strong>and</strong> 13% <strong>of</strong> the Identified Conventional <strong>Resource</strong>s<br />
recoverable at less than USD 80/kgU are associated with South <strong>Africa</strong>’s<br />
only uranium recovery facility. there are at least eight companies<br />
actively exploring for, developing, or already mining deposits.<br />
The majority <strong>of</strong> these uranium resources are associated with gold<br />
resources within the Witwatersr<strong>and</strong> Supergroup. However, since<br />
only one mine, Vaal River Operations, has a uranium recovery plant<br />
in operation, large amounts <strong>of</strong> uranium are presently being discarded<br />
into tailing dams. South <strong>Africa</strong>’s uranium production amounted to<br />
1400 tU 3 O 8 (1185 tU) in 2007, representing a 3.7% decrease compared<br />
to 2006. In 2008, the total production was 1 700 tU 3 O 8 (1440<br />
tU). South <strong>Africa</strong>’s uranium production is set to increase to over<br />
81