L. Fituni, I. Abramova Resource Potential of Africa and Russia's ...

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that the main aims were inter-alia the re-starting of the existing gold mining operation at the Kalana mine and the exploration for further resources in the Kalana concession. In February 1995 a joint venture of Ashanti Gold Fields Co. Ltd. (“Ashanti”) and Johannesburg Consolidated Investments Ltd. (“JCI”) was awarded the tender and therefore the right to acquire an 80% interest in the Kalana concession with the Government of Mali holding a 20% carried interest. Ashanti was to be the operator of the Kalana concession. JCI withdrew from its joint venture with Ashanti in 1996 and in 1997 Ashanti mandated Rothschild Natural Resources LLC (Washington DC) to seek a suitable mining company to develop, operate and acquire a majority interest in the Kalana concession. Exploration of the Kalana concession commenced in February 2004. Referring to the prospects in 2010–2015, it will be possible to carry out a number of joint mining industry projects with Mali. However, they will only become possible after security in the country has improved; the country is targeted quite regularly by militias of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb operating in the region. But again, this condition can be satisfied through the expansion of bilateral and multilateral ties in the fight against terrorism and in military-technical cooperation. The first agreement between the USSR and Nigeria on cooperation was signed on November 21, 1968. In June 1970, an intergovernmental protocol was signed which envisaged rendering technical assistance to Nigeria in geological prospecting for metallurgical raw materials, in setting up educational centers for the training of skilled personnel for heavy industry, particularly, for the metallurgical and oil industries. In accordance with these documents Soviet specialists have carried out a broad range of research which enabled them to reach a conclusion about the expediency of building a metallurgical plant in that country. The first stage of that work was a search for promising regions for prospecting for iron ores. As a result of aerial surveys over an area of 194,800 square kilometers and the subsequent aeromagnetic survey of 70,000 square kilometers it was found that the 117
most promising region for prospecting for iron ore was Okene- Lokoja. Geological prospecting work carried out by Soviet and Nigerian specialists shows that overall coal reserves amount to approximately 320 million tons. Later, on the basis of these deposits of iron ores and coking coal the largest steel plant in Tropical Africa was built in Ajaokuta, with a capacity of 1.3 million tons of steel a year. Simultaneously, a training complex consisting of a specialized secondary technical school for 675 students and a vocational centre with a total number of 1412 trainees is being set up. The complex was planned to train specialists in the production of pig iron and steel, agglomeration and caking of ore. The Soviet foreign-trade organization "Tsvetmetpromexport" built, during the 1979–1980 period, two systems of oil pipelines stretching for more than 900 kilometers. One of them was commissioned in 1979, which made it possible to increase oil products deliveries to the towns of Benin, Ore and Lagos. Since 1978, the Oil Institute in the town of Warri has been graduating specialists for the oil industry – one of the leading branches of the Nigerian economy. In March 2009, a memorandum of understanding (MoU) was signed by Russia’s Rosatom Deputy Director General Nikolay Spassky and Special Adviser to the Nigerian President Emmanuel Egbogah, in Moscow during the third meeting of the Russian- Nigerian Intergovernmental Commission on Economic and Scientific Technical Cooperation recently. The agreement for cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy includes the construction of nuclear power plants and establishment of uranium mining in Nigeria. Rosatom said that the MoU could lead to bilateral cooperation on the development of nuclear energy infrastructure, including on nuclear power plants and research reactors in Nigeria. Russia would also assist Nigeria in the field of nuclear research and in the production and use of radioisotopes. The memorandum also covers the joint prospecting and development of uranium deposits in Nigeria. The two countries will draft a full intergovernmental cooperation agreement soon. To solve the increasing electricity demand, Nigeria has sought the support of the International Atomic Energy 118
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS: Dr. IRINA ABRAMO
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330.324.22 330.123.72 351.823.003 3
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INTRODUCTION IN THE GLOBALIZED WORL
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At certain stages of their history,
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tives. The authors are not describi
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cations, including monographs 1 and
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arena by the loftiest goals and ide
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quence, their role in the world eco
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thus the last seller of the commodi
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Table 1.1.2. World chromium product
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Table 1.1.3. World cobalt productio
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shore in many parts of the world. L
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Though US totally depends on import
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isk of supply shortage in the next
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long been obsolete, do exist and te
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a European-African energy forum; th
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upon the same ideology: the new roa
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Force. At the request of the UN Sec
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- The United States has sole jurisd
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uses to track terrorists. Algerian
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sum, in exchange for terminating th
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UK, Greece, Italy and Spain during
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ing Angola’s large oil resources
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China concluded two major M&A deals
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the continent. To help African coun
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egy with regard to Sudan and Zimbab
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some price-related difficulties for
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100,000 students from almost every
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15 U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral
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CHAPTER 2 Natural Resource Potentia
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tion in the global division of labo
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of other nations (manifest in an ex
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The mineral resource base (MRB) of
Page 68 and 69: In Nigeria, the smelter at Ikot Aba
Page 70 and 71: ite production at Komi to reach 6.5
Page 72 and 73: depletion. In South Africa, output
Page 74 and 75: 25-26 thousand tons of copper conce
Page 76 and 77: Country 75 Cost Ranges Namibia 0 20
Page 78 and 79: The Elkon district, Southern Yakuti
Page 80 and 81: ites and Miocene sediments extendin
Page 82 and 83: South, Etango and Valencia alaskite
Page 84 and 85: of competitiveness by similar produ
Page 86 and 87: tive scenario, the above goals will
Page 88 and 89: The concept of resource efficiency
Page 90 and 91: vately owned. The leading enterpris
Page 92 and 93: In this respect African and Russian
Page 94 and 95: Table 2.2.2. Distribution of capita
Page 96 and 97: will allow the project to overcome
Page 98 and 99: World prices on all types of minera
Page 100 and 101: 2.3. Competitors or Partners? Russi
Page 102 and 103: Soviet organizations supplied Alger
Page 104 and 105: that the gas crisis between Russia
Page 106 and 107: The second LUKOIL project in Egypt
Page 108 and 109: The agreement was finally signed du
Page 110 and 111: pany “Slavneft” would join a co
Page 112 and 113: DRC to extract copper and cobalt in
Page 114 and 115: for 22 years in 2002 Friguia refine
Page 116 and 117: licenses. They are the only Russian
Page 120 and 121: Agency to develop plans for up to 4
Page 122 and 123: pit nickel mine and the Selkirk und
Page 124 and 125: deposit also contains a Peridotite-
Page 126 and 127: and Eastern parts of the EPL 3850 p
Page 128 and 129: Russian economy and the specifics o
Page 130 and 131: 34 . 2009. C. 366- 368. 35 John St
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER 3 Project RUSSAFRICA: Towar
Page 134 and 135: copra, spices, other products of tr
Page 136 and 137: This theoretic and scientific aura
Page 138 and 139: and technical cooperation with Afri
Page 140 and 141: higher and specialized secondary ed
Page 142 and 143: used and repaid part of the credit.
Page 144 and 145: exploitation of projects. Soviet ex
Page 146 and 147: At the same time we recognize that
Page 148 and 149: For the Soviet Union, solidarity wi
Page 150 and 151: disappeared together with their ass
Page 152 and 153: cial Representative of the Presiden
Page 154 and 155: countries and minimize the adverse
Page 156 and 157: The principled line in support of A
Page 158 and 159: Exports of Russian raw materials to
Page 160 and 161: of Su-30MKA fighters. At the same t
Page 162 and 163: etc. He also remarked that since th
Page 164 and 165: However, there are harbingers of a
Page 166 and 167: There was a good demand in Egypt fo
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Another promising sphere for Russia
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Lada users in Egypt. In 2010, a new
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All these companies have permanent
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ment of the Russian Federation 105
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As of mid 2010, other areas of econ
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cooperation and hydrocarbon product
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tion." The participants in the Raba
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2009 consisted of such traditional
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From October 21-23, 2010, the Fourt
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(May 2009), and Ugandan President Y
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Russia provided humanitarian aid to
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Nigeria’s Share in Russia’s Imp
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supplies only it is either a blatan
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On the initiative of the Ethiopian
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- Automotive and components - Capit
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led by the two Chambers and attende
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coal mixture of a new generation. T
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cial architecture and food safety a
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The talks in Luanda led the two cou
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9 Annual Report of Alexander Saltan
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CONCLUSIONS THE RESULTS OF THE UNDE
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interpretations is the intensifying
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Leonid FITUNI and Irina ABRAMOVA RE
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