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第 4 卷第 2 期 

古生物学 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

目 

录 

2008 年 6 月 

综论 ………………………(1) 

遗迹化石 …………………(8) 

分子古生物学 ……………(13) 

古生态学 …………………(13) 

微体古生物学 

综论 ………………………(20) 

孢粉 ………………………(22) 

疑源类 ……………………(36) 

牙形石 ……………………(38) 

小壳化石 …………………(44) 

古植物学 

综论 ………………………(45) 

藻类 ………………………(51) 

真菌 ………………………(59) 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 )………(60) 

早期种子植物 ……………(61) 

裸子植物 …………………(62) 

被子植物 …………………(64) 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(69) 

原生动物 …………………(71) 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 …(88) 

苔藓动物 …………………(95) 

腕足动物 …………………(96) 

软体动物 …………………(101) 

节肢动物 …………………(109) 

笔石动物 …………………(120) 

分类位置不明 ……………(120) 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(122) 

鱼类 ………………………(125) 

两栖类 ……………………(126) 

爬行类 ……………………(129) 

哺乳类 ……………………(130) 

古人类学 

古人类学 …………………(137) 

历史地质学、地层学 

综论 ………………………(138) 

古地理学、古气候学 ……(140) 

前古生界 …………………(140) 

古生界 ……………………(144) 

中生界 ……………………(157) 

新生界 ……………………(163)

第 4 卷第 2 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

2008 年 6 月 

古生物学 

综论 

2008020001 

贵州大坝晚二叠世集群灭绝后生物复苏的 

型式和时限 = The pattern and timing of biotic 

recovery from the end-Permian extinction 

on the Great Bank of Guizhou, Guizhou Province, 

China. ( 英文 ). Payne J L; Lehrmann D J; 

Wei J Y; Knoll A H. Palaios, 2006, 21(1): 

63–85 

Microfacies analysis and point counts of 

thin sections from 608 hand samples were 

used to track changes in the abundance and 

diversity of fossil grains through the extended 

recovery interval following end-Permian mass 

extinction on the Great Bank of Guizhou 

(GBG)—an isolated Late Permian to Late Triassic 

carbonate platform in south China. Exposure 

of a two-dimensional cross-section of 

the platform permits the comparison of faunal 

patterns along an environmental gradient from 

shallow to deep water. The diverse Late Permian 

biota was dominated by calcareous 

sponges, crinoids, articulate brachiopods, foraminifera, 

and calcareous algae. In contrast, 

Early Triassic communities were dominated 

by mollusks, with increasing abundance of 

crinoids beginning in the Spathian. Increase in 

the diversity and abundance of fossils on the 

GBG was confined to a brief interval near the 

Spathian–Anisian boundary and concentrated 

along the platform margin. Later Middle Triassic 

diversification, the return of calcareous 

algae and calcareous sponges, and the appearance 

of scleractinian corals did not substantially 

alter the mollusk-crinoid-Tubiphytes 

assemblage before the end of the Middle Triassic. 

The low abundance of skeletal grains in 

Lower Triassic strata implies: (1) similarities 

in the relative contributions of micrite, microbialites, 

and oolites to Neoproterozoic carbonates 

result, at least in part, from the temporary 

removal of skeletal sinks for calcium carbonate; 

and (2) animals with hard skeletons remained 

at low abundance from the time of the 

end-Permian extinction through much of the 

Early Triassic. 

2008020002 

相邻近似分析 : 一种评价化石记录空间分 

布型式的技术 = Neighbor proximity 

analysis: A technique for assessing spatial 

patterns in the fossil record. ( 英文 ). Leighton 

L R; Schneider C L. Palaios, 2004, 19(4): 

396–407 

Time-averaging can be a major obstacle in 

reconstructing fine-scale ecological processes 

in the fossil record. This study presents a 

technique, Neighbor Proximity Analysis that 

attempts, despite time-averaging, to elucidate 

fine-scale ecological information on a single 

bedding plane. The technique takes advantage 

of the tendency for most sessile organisms to 

cluster in conspecific clumps, and assumes 

that time-averaging will tend to overprint patterns 

of conspecific clustering given sufficient 

time. The fossil species of interest is mapped 

onto an appropriate grid, point-counted, and 

the number of conspecific neighbors for each 

individual is counted. The community distribution 

is then permuted randomly for multiple 

iterations; and for each iteration, the number 

of randomly generated conspecific neighbors 

is compared to the observed number of conspecific 

neighbors. Taxa that exhibit clustering 

greater than expected under the random 

model probably clustered in life, revealing 

features of the local spatial structure. An example 

of the method is presented, using bedding 

planes from the Rapid Member of the 

Little Cedar Formation at the Devonian Fossil 

Gorge, Coralville, Iowa. The results indicate 

that of the common brachiopod present, Spinatrypa 

bellula clustered conspecifically during 

life. 

2008020003 

有孔虫专家 Fortescue William Millett 

(1833-1915) 的生活与工作 = The life and 

works of Fortescue William Millett (1833- 

1915), foraminiferologist. ( 英文 ). Hodgkinson 

R L. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 

25(part 2): 165-174 

The few obituaries that there are of Fortescue 

William Millett are rather cursory and 

incomplete. Now, 90 years later, a rather fulier 

picture of the man - hitherto, a rather enigmatic 

figure and his foraminiferal work is presented, 

concentrating especially on his later 

years after his retirement to Cornwall. Millett 

published two substantial studies, on the foraminifera 

of the Malay Archipelago and the 

Pliocene St Erth beds of Cornwall, for which 

he is best remembered, but most of his other 

projects appear never to have been completed. 

1

His extensive collections and library, much of 

it in a poor condition, were rescued and conserved 

by Edward Heron-Allen after his death, 

and are now in The Natural History Museum, 

London. 

2008020004 

华南早三叠世碳同位素偏移 : 二叠纪末集 

群灭绝事件后海洋生态系统破坏和恢复的 

反映 = Early Triassic carbon isotope excursions 

from South China: proxies for devastation 

and restoration of marine ecosystems following 

the end-Permian mass extinction. ( 英 

文 ). Tong Jinnan; Zuo Jingxun; Chen ZQ. 

Geological Journal, 2007, 42(3-4): 371 - 389 

Early Triassic carbon isotopes are measured 

based on 1422 carbonate bulk samples 

from 10 Lower Triassic sections in different 

palaeogeographic settings in South China. 

Early Triassic fluctuation of 13C is used as a 

proxy for environmental change to discuss the 

devastation and restoration of marine ecosystems 

following the biggest Phanerozoic mass 

extinction at the end of the Permian. Early 

Triassic 13C profiles derived from various 

depositional settings in South China yield 

comparable excursion patterns. A dramatic 

negative shift of 13C across the Permian/Triassic 

boundary is followed by a moderate 

increase in 13C values throughout the 

Induan. A positive 13C anomaly occurs near 

the Induan/Olenekian boundary, followed by a 

Smithian interval of lower 13C values. A distinct 

positive shift in 13C coincides with the 

Smithian/Spathian boundary, and is followed 

by a high Spathian plateau of 13C values. 

Thus the distinct 13C anomalies coincide well 

with key stratigraphic boundaries. 

Early Triassic intervals of low 13C values 

correspond to a decline in benthic generic diversity 

in South China and intervals of high 

13C values are coupled with an increase in 

biodiversity. The Early Triassic fluctuations of 

13C profiles are good proxies for perturbations 

of ecologic environments, indicating 

multiple phases of devastation-restoration of 

marine ecosystems punctuated by several unexpected 

extraneous events such as volcanic 

activity. The initial restoration of marine ecosystems 

may have occurred earlier in the Induan 

and the ecosystems were subsequently 

destroyed during the Smithian. Biotic and environmental 

recoveries occurred at the 

Spathian, while the ecosystems eventually 

returned to normal levels in the early Middle 

Triassic. 

2008020005 

华南元古代末期 - 古生代 - 早中生代海洋生物 

多样性的演变型式 = Dynamic patterns of 

latest Proterozoic-Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic 

marine biodiversity in South China. ( 英文 ). 

Rong Jiayu; Fan Junxuan; Miller A I; Li 

Guoxiang. Geological Journal, 2007, 42(3-4): 

431 - 454 

Analyses of global biodiversity curves have 

been important for the interpretation of coevolution 

between organisms and environments 

through geological time. Global curves 

can be better understood if all the data collected 

from a multitude of palaeocontinents 

are analysed and explained separately. South 

China is a major block possessing more advantages 

for regional research than any of the 

other blocks in China. There exists a welldeveloped 

succession of marine strata from 

the Ediacaran through to the Triassic with a 

relatively high resolution of bio- and chronostratigraphy 

and an extensive marine fossil 

record. Stratigraphic occurrences of 5685 genera 

and 1386 families within 32 phyla or subphyla 

plus groups with uncertain affinities 

from this interval have been compiled by a 

large team of palaeontologists. With the exception 

of the Ediacaran, 50 time intervals 

with an average duration of 6.8 Ma are investigated. 

Diversity curves constructed at the 

levels of genus, family and order indicate that 

marine biodiversity peaked six times within 

the intervals: (1) Early Cambrian explosive 

radiation, (2) Early-Mid Ordovician radiation 

mainly of the Paleozoic Evolutionary Fauna, 

(3) Early Silurian radiation, (4) late Early-Mid 

Devonian radiation, (5) Mid-Late Permian 

radiation and (6) Mid Triassic radiation 

chiefly of the Modern Evolutionary Fauna. 

Drops in biodiversity are controlled by various 

factors: (1) global catastrophes, which produced 

rapid losses of biodiversity during short 

time intervals; (2) global environmental perturbations 

with long term effects, as in the 

Carboniferous; (3) regional tectonics and palaeogeographical 

constraints, resulting in a 

lack of marine sedimentary rocks in many 

areas with biodiversity declining, as in the 

Wenlock; (4) unique sedimentary facies in 

large areas resulting in biodiversity losses, as 

in the Late Cambrian and (5) artifactual constraints 

associated with a lack of fossil record 

or low research intensity for some intervals, as 

in the period of about 30 Ma following the 

Early Cambrian explosive radiation. 

2

2008020006 

越南南部昆嵩地块下泥盆统富含化石的 Cu 

Brei 组的发现 = Discovery of the fossiliferous 

Cu Brei Formation (Lower Devonian) in 

the Kon Tum Block (South Viet Nam). ( 英文 ). 

Tong-Dzuy Thanh; Than Duc Duyen; Nguyen 

Huu Hung; Bui Phu My. Journal of Asian 

Earth Sciences, 2007, 29(1): 127-135 

Lower Devonian corals and stromatoporoids 

have recently been discovered in limestones 

among low grade metamorphic rocks 

on the western margin of the Kon Tum Block 

(South Viet Nam). This unit has been identified 

as the Cu Brei Formation. Coral and 

stromatoporoid species have been described 

including Squameofavosites aff. spongiosus, 

Parallelostroma cf. multicolumnum, Amphipora 

cf. rasilis, A. cf. raritalis, Simplexodictyon 

cf. artyschtense, Stromatopora cf. boriarchinovi 

and Stromatopora sp. indet. The Cu 

Brei Formation is exposed in a small area 

6 km in length and 3 km wide at the foot of 

Cu Brei Mountain (Sa Thay District, Kon 

Tum Province). As this formation is in marine 

shelf facies it is probable that further exposures 

of Lower Devonian sediments may be 

discovered in the Kon Tum Block. This discovery 

raises the question of the tectonic history 

of the metamorphic Kon Tum Block. It is 

possible that the block was not an area of positive 

uplift from the beginning of Paleozoic as 

has been supposed, but was submerged in a 

marine environment, at least on its outer margins, 

in the Devonian, and possibly even earlier, 

in Early Paleozoic. 

2008020007 

浙江长兴煤山二叠纪末大灭绝化石记录的 

置信区间分析 = Analysis of the confidence 

intervals of marine fossils around the Permian-Triassic 

boundary in Meishan, Zhejiang. 

( 中文 ). 王玥 ; 曹长群 ; 金玉玕 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(2): 244-251 

化石的保存与采集普遍具有随机性 , 以至 

直接观察结果往往不能反映真实的生物分 

类单元延限以及生物事件 , 而必须对化石记 

录进行统计分析 , 从定量的角度发掘其可信 

内涵。浙江长兴煤山地区二叠系 - 三叠系剖 

面的化石资料经过数十年采集研究 , 已提出 

多期生物群灭绝模式。文中运用置信区间 

作了分析 , 说明长兴期末生物大灭绝为突发 

性、灾难性事件。 

2008020008 

简单多数规则 : 物种的适应与长期机制 = 

Majority rule: adaptation and the long-term 

dynamics of species. ( 英文 ). Vermeij G J; 

Dietl G P. Paleobiology, 2006, 32(2): 173-178 

Where do species that become important 

players in ecosystems evolve? This simple yet 

crucial question must be answered if we want 

to understand how the biosphere is rejuvenated 

following a crisis. We cannot simply 

assume that the environments in which we 

find fossil remains of a given species, or living 

populations of a species, are the environments 

in which that species evolved. ...... 2008020009 

壳层中多壳度和埋藏改变的模型化 : 硬体输 

入和埋藏速率的变化导致相反的预测 = 

Modeling shelliness and alteration in shell 

beds: variation in hardpart input and burial 

rates leads to opposing predictions. ( 英文 ). 

Tomasovych A; Fürsich F T; Olszewski T D. 

Paleobiology, 2006, 32(2): 278-298 

Distinguishing the differential roles of 

hardpart-input rates and burial rates in the 

formation of shell beds is important in paleobiologic 

and sedimentologic studies, because 

high shelliness can reflect either high population 

density of shell producers or lack of sediment. 

The modeling in this paper shows that 

differences in the relative importance of burial 

rates and hardpart-input rates lead to distinct 

patterns with respect to the degree of shelliness 

and taphonomic alteration in shell beds. 

Our approach substantially complements other 

models because it allows computation of both 

shelliness and assemblage-level alteration. To 

estimate shelliness, we dissected hardpartinput 

rates into dead-shell production and shell 

destruction rates. To estimate assemblagelevel 

alteration, we computed an alteration rate 

that describes how rapidly shells accrue postmortem 

damage. Under decreasing burial rates 

but constant hardpart-input rates, a positive 

correlation between alteration and shelliness is 

expected (Kidwell's R-sediment model). In 

contrast, under decreased destruction rates 

and/or increased dead-shell production rates 

and constant burial rates (Kidwell's R-hardpart 

model), a negative correlation between shelliness 

and alteration is expected. The contrasting 

predictions thus provide a theoretical basis 

for distinguishing whether high shell density 

in shell beds reflects passive shell accumulation 

due to a lack of sediment dilution or 

whether it instead reflects high shell input 

from a life assemblage. This approach should 

be applicable for any fossil assemblages that 

vary in shell density and assemblage-level 

alteration. An example from the Lower Juras- 

3

sic of Morocco, which has shell-rich samples 

less altered than shell-poor samples, suggests 

that the higher shelliness correlates with 

higher community-level abundance and lower 

proportion of juveniles of the main shell producer, 

supporting the driving role of hardpartinput 

rates in the origin of the shell-rich samples 

in this case. This is of significance in paleoecologic 

analyses because variations in 

shelliness can directly reflect fluctuations in 

population density of shell producers. 

2008020010 

前寒武纪的动物世界 : 中国西南部磷酸盐化 

后生动物胚胎的埋藏学 = Precambrian animal 

life: Taphonomy of phosphatized metazoan 

embryos from southwest China. ( 英文 ). 

Dornbos S; Bottjer D; Chen Jun-yuan; Oliveri 

P; Gao Feng; Li Chia-Wei. Lethaia, 2005, 

38(2): 101 - 109 

Phosphatized fossils from the Neoproterozoic 

Doushantuo Formation have provided 

valuable insight into the early evolution of 

metazoans, but the preservation of these spectacular 

fossils is not yet fully understood. This 

research begins to address this issue by performing 

a detailed specimen-based taphonomic 

analysis of the Doushantuo Formation 

phosphatized metazoan embryos. A total 

of 206 embryos in 65 thin sections from the 

Weng'an Phosphorite Member of the Doushantuo 

Formation were examined and their 

levels of pre-phosphatization decay estimated. 

The data produced from this examination reveal 

a strong taphonomic bias toward earlier 

(2-cell and 4-cell) cleavage stages, which tend 

to be well-preserved, and away from later (8- 

cell and 16-cell) cleavage stages, which tend 

to exhibit evidence for slight to intense levels 

of organic decay. In addition, the natural 

abundances of these embryos tend to decrease 

with advancement in cleavage stage, and no 

evidence of more advanced (beyond 16-cell) 

cleavage stages or eventual adult forms were 

found in this study. One possible explanation 

for this taphonomic bias toward early cleavage 

stages is that later cleavage stages and adult 

forms were more physically delicate, allowing 

them to be more easily damaged during burial 

and reworking, allowing for more rapid decay. 

The spectacular preservation of these embryos 

was probably aided by their likely internal 

enrichment in phosphate-rich yolk, which 

would have caused their internal dissolved 

phosphate levels to reach critical levels with 

only miniscule organic decay, thereby hastening 

phosphatization. If internal sources of 

phosphate did indeed play a role in the phosphatization 

of these embryos, it may explain 

their prolific abundance in these rocks compared 

to other phosphatized fossils as well as 

indicating that metazoans lacking such internal 

phosphate sources were likely much more 

difficult to preserve. The phosphatic fossils of 

the Doushantuo Formation, therefore, provide 

an indispensable, yet restricted, window into 

Neoproterozoic life and metazoan origins. 

2008020011 

中 - 晚二叠世的陆相集群灭绝 = Middle-Late 

Permian mass extinction on land. ( 英文 ). Retallack 

G J; Metzger C A; Greaver T; Jahren A 

H; Smith R M H; Sheldon N D. Geological 

Society of America Bulletin, 2006, 118(11-12): 

1398-1411 

The end-Permian mass extinction has been 

envisaged as the nadir of biodiversity decline 

due to increasing volcanic gas emissions over 

some 9 million years. We propose a different 

tempo and mechanism of extinction because 

we recognize two separate but geologically 

abrupt mass extinctions on land, one terminating 

the Middle Permian (Guadalupian) at 

260.4 Ma and a later one ending the Permian 

Period at 251 Ma. Our evidence comes from 

new paleobotanical, paleopedological, and 

carbon isotopic studies of Portal Mountain, 

Antarctica, and comparable studies in the Karoo 

Basin, South Africa. Extinctions have long 

been apparent among marine invertebrates at 

both the end of the Guadalupian and end of the 

Permian, which were also times of warm-wet 

greenhouse climatic transients, marked soil 

erosion, transition from high- to low-sinuosity 

and braided streams, soil stagnation in wetlands, 

and profound negative carbon isotope 

anomalies. Both mass extinctions may have 

resulted from catastrophic methane outbursts 

to the atmosphere from coal intruded by feeder 

dikes to flood basalts, such as the end- 

Guadalupian Emeishan Basalt and end- 

Permian Siberian Traps. 

2008020012 

迁移 — 达尔文进化论的一个基本命题 = The 

migration—a basic thesis of Darwin's evolutionism. 

( 中文 ). 徐炳川 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(2): 301-306 

生物迁移命题是由 Darwin(1859) 提出来 

的 , 他在《物种起源》一书中认为 , 一个物 

种只能有一个起源中心 ; 在条件允许的前提 

下 , 它会从这个中心迁移到力所能及的地 

区。当 Buckman( 1922 ) 的 “ 迁移飞机 ” 理论 

4

问世后 , 迁移研究几乎陷于停顿状态近 50 

年。越来越多的事实证明了达尔文迁移思 

想的生命力。经常见到的化石 “ 穿时 ” 现象 

和时代差异 , 大量生物地理的新资料 , 使人 

们从不可知论的阴影下逐渐摆脱出来。80 

年代以来 , 掀起了重新认识迁移的高潮。迄 

今为止 , 迁移的研究方法可概括为 : 最低层 

位的地理追索方法 ; 演化程序的地理追索方 

法和相应环境的追索方法。迁移如同演化 , 

达尔文的 “ 全弥漫作用 ” 下时刻进行着。迁 

移与其说是生物自身的一种能力 , 不如说是 

环境给予的一种机会。迁移创造并维系着 

丰富多彩的自然生态系统 , 移研究具有重要 

的理论意义和应用价值。 

2008020013 

古生物物种分异度计算和绘图的计算机化 

= Computerization of drawing species diversity 

in paleobiology. ( 中文 ). 朱弟成 ; 林丽 ; 朱 

利东 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 454-456 

从 Basic 程序出发 , 方便、快捷、准确地 

绘制出了物种分异度图 , 并与其它应用软件 

资源共享 , 绘制出的图件显得整洁、美观 , 充 

分显示了计算机技术的优越性。 

2008020014 

研究两侧对称化石的应变测定和退化变形 

的数字方法 = Digital method for strain estimation 

and retrodeformation of bilaterally 

symmetric fossils. ( 英文 ). Srivastava D C; 

Shah J. Geology, 2006, 34(7): 593-596 

A simple algorithm based on the transformation 

equations of homogeneous deformation 

allows application of computer-graphic 

software for estimation of strain and restoration 

of shape of distorted fossils in a single 

operation. This paper gives a computer-aided 

digital method for the estimation of strain in 

situations where a single fossil, or a set of fossils, 

is found embedded in rocks. Because the 

digital method deciphers reciprocal strain ellipse 

by removing the effect of tectonic deformation, 

it is also useful in precise taxonomic 

identification. Several natural examples 

of trilobites and brachiopods are tested by the 

digital method, as well as by other conventional 

methods of strain analysis. The digital 

method is easy to use, rapid, and accurate in 

comparison to other existing methods of strain 

analysis and retrodeformation. 

2008020015 

美国衣阿华州东北部中奥陶统 St. Peter 组 

一个新的化石库 = A new Lagerstätte from 

the Middle Ordovician St. Peter Formation in 

northeast Iowa, USA. ( 英文 ). Liu H P; 

McKay R M; Young J N; Witzke B J; McVey 

K J; Liu Xiuying. Geology, 2006, 34(11): 969- 

972 

A new fossil fauna has been discovered 

from a recently recognized shale unit within 

the middle Ordovician St. Peter Formation in 

northeast Iowa. It contains a variety of invertebrates 

and vertebrates, including soft body 

tissues, impressions, and 3- 

dimensionalpreservations. The exceptional 

preservation reveals a new Konservat- 

Lagerstätte, the Winneshiek Lagerstätte, and 

opens a unique window into the community 

that inhabited the margins of the Laurentian 

cratonic seaway during Middle Ordovician 

transgression. Among the fossils, several 

conodont assemblages, including the apparatus 

of enigmatic coleodontids, are preserved. 

Some conodont assemblages associated with 

soft body tissues are particularly noteworthy. 

2008020016 

细菌超微球粒中碳酸钙的成核作用 = Nucleation 

of calcium carbonate on bacterial 

nanoglobules. ( 英文 ). Aloisi G; Gloter A; 

Krüger M; Wallmann K; Guyot F; Zuddas P. 

Geology, 2006, 34(12): 1017-1020 

Nucleation of calcium carbonate on microbial 

cell material may have been the dominant 

mode of microbial carbonate formation during 

most of Earth's history. Current knowledge 

predicts that nucleation takes place on the cell 

surface or on extracellular polymeric substances. 

However, the initial nucleation steps 

have not been described in detail and the 

process remains elusive. Here we describe the 

bacterial nucleation of calcium carbonate at 

the nanometer scale. In our precipitation experiment 

with sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), 

the bulk of calcium carbonate precipitates on 

hundreds of individual globules 60– 200 nm in 

diameter. Globules originate from the SRB 

cell surface but calcify significantly only when 

released to the culture medium. Similar globules 

have been observed, albeit at a much larger 

scale, in other bacterial precipitation experiments 

and in many natural microbial carbonates, 

suggesting that the process we describe 

could be an important step in microbial 

calcification. 

2008020017 

5

贵州中寒武世布尔吉斯页岩型沉积中发现 

硅化的蛋集群 = Silicified egg clusters from a 

Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale–type deposit, 

Guizhou, south China. ( 英文 ). Lin Jih-Pai; 

Andrew C; Scott A C; Li Chia-Wei; Wu 

Hung-Jen; Ausich W I; Zhao Yuan-Long; 

Hwe Yeu-Kuang. Geology, 2006, 34(12): 

1037-1040 

Although knowledge of Cambrian fossil 

eggs and/or embryos has increased dramatically, 

embryos were previously unknown in 

siliciclastic settings of coeval strata. Here we 

report for the first time egg clusters in a finegrained 

siliciclastic matrix from the Middle 

Cambrian Kaili Formation lagerstätte (513– 

501 Ma), south China. Some were imaged under 

synchrotron radiation. These spheroids are 

preferentially preserved as microcrystalline 

quartz and interpreted as marine invertebrate 

fossil eggs based on patterns of spheroid arrangement, 

shape, and analogues of fossil and 

modern invertebrate eggs. Embryos with 

cleavage cells are evident in at least one cluster. 

Detailed element analyses show that eggs 

are primarily preserved as solid silica replacement, 

and there is a calcite layer covering 

the eggs replacing the original organic layer. 

Silicification of intact invertebrate egg clusters 

is reported here as a new mode of preservation 

associated with a Burgess Shale–type deposit. 

2008020018 

鉴定种时的古生物学趋势以及对多样性研 

究的影响 = Tendencies in paleontological 

practice when defining species, and consequences 

on biodiversity studies. ( 英文 ). Nardin 

E; Rouget I; Neige P. Geology, 2005, 

33(12): 969-972 

The exploration of evolutionary patterns 

over geological time has recently received new 

impetus from the development of morphological 

disparity as a new biodiversity metric 

alongside taxonomic diversity. Clade dynamics 

can be analyzed by comparing and contrasting 

these two metrics. Like any metrics 

based on sampling, quantification, and naming, 

taxonomic diversity and morphological disparity 

are not free from bias. The long use of 

taxonomic diversity has prompted many studies 

of bias and its effects, whereas bias affecting 

morphological disparity has only been 

summarily explored. This is particularly so for 

the effect of the growth of knowledge over 

paleontographical time (i.e., historical period 

of study) and its repercussions on morphological 

disparity and on the relative stability of 

disparity and diversity. Here, we analyze evolutionary 

patterns at a detailed scale. For a 

sample of Jurassic ammonites, morphological 

disparity increases faster than taxonomic diversity 

during paleontographical time. For 

disparity, we demonstrate two paleontological 

practices, based on comparison with a random 

numerical model: a tendency to identify and 

name extreme forms before intermediate ones 

for some morphological aspects (ornamentation), 

and a correlated tendency to underuse 

some other morphological aspects (shell geometry). 

However, the effects of the growth of 

knowledge over paleontographical time are 

only slightly marked on biodiversity curves 

through geological time, mainly because new 

discoveries and revalidations and/or invalidations 

of species are randomly distributed 

within the subzones during paleontographical 

time. 

2008020019 

不存在海洋缺氧的情况下二叠纪末集群绝 

灭事件之后海洋的快速复苏 = Rapid marine 

recovery after the end-Permian massextinction 

event in the absence of marine anoxia. 

( 英文 ). Twitchett R J; Krystyn L; Baud 

A; Wheeley J R; Richoz S. Geology, 2004, 

32(9): 805-808 

A new Early Triassic marine fauna is described 

from the Central Oman Mountains. 

The fauna is Griesbachian in age, on the basis 

of abundant conodonts and ammonoids, and 

was deposited in an oxygenated seamount setting 

off the Arabian platform margin. It is the 

first Griesbachian assemblage from a welloxygenated 

marine setting and thus provides a 

test for the hypothesis that widespread anoxia 

prevented rapid recovery. The earliest Griesbachian 

(parvus zone) contains a low-diversity 

benthic fauna dominated by the bivalves 

Promyalina and Claraia. A similar level of 

recovery characterizes the immediate postextinction 

interval worldwide. However, the 

middle upper Griesbachian sedimentary rocks 

(isarcica and carinata zones) contain an incredibly 

diverse benthic fauna of bivalves, 

gastropods, articulate brachiopods, a new undescribed 

crinoid, echinoids, and ostracods. 

This fauna is more diverse and ecologically 

complex than the typical middle to late Griesbachian 

faunas described from oxygenrestricted 

settings worldwide. The level of 

postextinction recovery observed in the Oman 

fauna is not recorded elsewhere until the 

Spathian. These data support the hypothesis 

that the apparent delay in recovery after the 

end-Permian extinction event was due to 

6

widespread and prolonged benthic oxygen 

restriction: in the absence of anoxia, marine 

recovery is much faster. 

2008020020 

早寒武世澄江生物群中动物的保存 = Preservation 

of Early Cambrian animals of the 

Chengjiang biota. ( 英文 ). Gabbott S E; Hou 

Xian-guang; Norry M J; Siveter D J. Geology, 

2004, 32(10): 901-904 

The Chengjiang biota of Yunnan, China, 

documents the earliest extensive radiation of 

the Metazoa recorded in the fossil record. 

Gauging preservational bias is crucial in providing 

an assessment of the completeness of 

this biota and thereby elucidating whether it 

represents a comprehensive depiction of Early 

Cambrian life. We here present a model to 

explain the nature of the exceptional preservation 

of the Chengjiang biota and details of the 

decay process. This study indicates that 

Chengjiang fossils were preserved through 

two taphonomic pathways that may have captured 

tissues of distinct compositions, and this 

finding should provide a foundation for the 

interpretation of Chengjiang fossils. Many 

Chengjiang fossils are preserved by pyrite 

(later pseudomorphed by iron oxides); the 

clay-rich host sediment was deficient in organic 

carbon but replete in available Fe, and 

this composition ensured that a decaying carcass 

acted as a local substrate for Fe- and S- 

reducing bacteria. Pyrite morphology probably 

reflects contrasts in the decay rate, and hence 

the H 2 S production rate, of different tissues in 

a carcass. Reactive, rapidly decaying tissues 

would have quickly supplied H 2 S, producing 

many pyrite nuclei, resulting in framboidal 

habits. More recalcitrant tissues would have 

produced H 2 S more slowly, so that crystal 

growth operated on fewer nuclei, resulting in 

larger euhedral pyrite crystals. Reflective films, 

especially common on Chengjiang arthropods, 

represent the remains of degraded carbon. 

2008020021 

奥地利和意大利二叠纪末灭绝事件的地球 

化学 : 无地外因素的证据 = Geochemistry of 

the end-Permian extinction event in Austria 

and Italy: No evidence for an extraterrestrial 

component. ( 英文 ). Koeberl C; Farley K A; 

Peucker-Ehrenbrink B; Sephton M A. Geology, 

2004, 32(12): 1053-1056 

The end-Permian mass extinction (251 Ma) 

was the largest in Earth's history, and the great 

extent of biospheric perturbation is recorded as 

dramatic shifts in carbon isotope ratios of 

sedimentary materials. Both terrestrial and 

extraterrestrial events are commonly invoked 

as causative mechanisms for the crisis, and the 

primary reason for the event remains the subject 

of controversy. Geochemical indicators 

sensitive to the influence of extraterrestrial 

material involve platinum group elements and 

osmium and helium isotope ratios. Analyses of 

extinction levels in two sections from Austria 

and Italy reveal no evidence of an extraterrestrial 

impact. The end-Permian crisis, it appears, 

was a homegrown catastrophe. 

2008020022 

埃迪卡拉图谱化石 Dickinsonia 属的生长、 

腐烂及埋葬压实 = Growth, decay and burial 

compaction of Dickinsonia, an iconic Ediacaran 

fossil. ( 英文 ). Retallack G J. Alcheringa, 

2007, 31(3): 215-240 

Dickinsonia is a Neoproterozoic, Ediacaran 

fossil, variously considered a polychaete, turbellarian 

or annelid worm, jellyfish, polyp, 

xenophyophoran protist, lichen or mushroom. 

Its preservation as unskeletonized impressions 

in quartz sandstones has been attributed to a 

Neoproterozoic regime of aerobic decay less 

effective than today, microbial pyritization 

much nearer the surface than today, or agglutinate-mineralization 

as in xenophyophorans. 

However, the great variation in thickness independent 

of width or length of South Australian 

Dickinsonia is evidence of decay like the 

wilting of a fossil leaf, lichen or mushroom, 

but unlike clotting and distortion during decay, 

wilting or osmotic shrinkage of modern and 

fossil worms and jellyfish. Decayed specimens 

of Dickinsonia arrayed in arcs have been 

interpreted as slime trails or tumble tracks, but 

can also be interpreted as rhizinous bases of 

decayed crustose lichens or mushrooms arranged 

in fairy rings. Dickinsonia is interpreted 

to be sessile because adjacent specimens 

show reaction rims indicative of competitive 

interaction, and because no overlapping 

well-preserved specimens have ever been 

found. Folded and bent Dickinsonia reveal 

firm attachment and limited flexibility, but no 

brittle deformation indicative of pyritic, sideritic 

or calcitic 'death masks' or xenophyophoran 

agglutinate skeletons. Dickinsonia was 

resistant to compaction by overburden, like 

fossil lichens such as Spongiophyton and Thucomyces, 

and more compaction-resistant than 

fossil logs, jellyfish or worms. Dickinsonia 

also shows indeterminate growth like lichens, 

fungi, plants, xenophyophorans and colonial 

animals. Growth, decay and burial compaction 

of Dickinsonia were more like those of plants, 

7

lichens and fungi, than of worms, jellyfishes 

or anemones. 

2008020023 

阿根廷拉潘帕省 Cerros Bayos 剖面丹尼阶 

Roca 组的古生物学 = Palaeontology of the 

Cerros Bayos section, Roca formation 

(Danian), La Pampa province, Argentina. ( 英 

文 ). Del Rio C J; Martinez S A; Stilwell J D; 

Concheyro A. Alcheringa, 2007, 31(3): 241- 

269 

New mollusc and echinoid faunas are recorded 

from exposures of the Roca Formation 

at Cerros Bayos (La Pampa Province) and 

assigned to the Maastrichtian-Danian (CC26- 

NP3 Zones of Martini 1971) on the basis of 

the associated nannofossil assemblages. The 

macroinvertebrate assemblages show increased 

diversity and abundance of molluscs 

from Zones NP1 to NP3. One new Danian 

echinoid, the spatangoid Bolbaster argentinensis 

sp. nov., is described. At least 19 molluscan 

genera are recognized; 14 of these, together 

with seven species, are identified for 

the first time from Danian exposures of La 

Pampa Province. An equivocal record of Pyropsis 

tumida Wilckens, 1905 may extend the 

range of this tudiclid gastropod from the latest 

Cretaceous into the Danian. The Cerros Bayos 

exposures substantially increase our knowledge 

of diversity trends and biotic recovery 

immediately following the Cretaceous- 

Paleogene boundary event, and provide clues 

to the composition of the little-studied earliest 

Paleogene faunas in southern Patagonia. 

2008020024 

阿根廷阿姆巴托山脉 La Ce'bila 组 Sierras 

Pampeanas 变质岩中首次发现的壳相动物 

群 : 年代及古地理意义 = The first shelly 

fauna from metamorphic rocks of the Sierras 

Pampeanas (La Ce'bila Formation, Sierra de 

Ambato, Argentina): age and paleogeographic 

implications. ( 英文 ). Verdecchia S O; Baldo E 

G; Benedetto J L; Borghi P A. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 493-498 

遗迹化石 

2008020025 

Mazuelloids: 棘形疑源类死后磷酸盐化的产 

物 = Mazuelloids: Product of post-mortem 

phosphatization of Acanthomorphic acritarchs. 

( 英文 ). Kremer B. Palaios, 2005, 20(1): 27– 

36 

Enigmatic microfossils from the early Silurian 

of Poland known as mazuelloids (= muellerisphaerids) 

have been identified as Baltisphaeridium-like 

acanthomorphic acritarchs 

that have been subject to post-mortem phosphatization. 

These acritarchs were the dominant 

components of large post-bloom macroaggregates 

that probably sank rapidly to the 

seafloor and were then overgrown by benthic 

coccoid cyanobacterial mats. Early diagenetic 

phosphatization of the remains probably occurred 

following shallow burial and in proximity 

to decomposing phosphate-rich macroaggregates. 

Depending on phosphate availability, 

the resulting phosphate layers were thin or 

thick and were deposited on the outside, inside, 

or enveloping the acritarch organic walls from 

both sides. The unusually large size of the 

mazuelloid-forming acritarchs was probably 

the result of periodically hypertrophic conditions 

driven by large blooms generated by 

upwelling currents. 

2008020026 

Teredolites 遗迹相的现代意义 : 来自华盛 

顿 Willapa 湾的观察 = Modern perspectives 

on the Teredolites ichnofacies: Observations 

from Willapa Bay, Washington. ( 英文 ). Gingras 

M K; Maceachern J A; Pickerill R K. 

Palaios, 2004, 19(1): 79–88 

This study details occurrences of 

Teredolites ichnocoenoses from modern baymargin 

settings in Willapa Bay, Washington. 

In particular, the paper scrutinizes in situ loggrounds 

from two intertidal zones situated 

immediately seaward of low-lying, supratidal, 

forested marshlands that are fed by small 

streams. Vestiges of remnant marshes and 

streams are preserved on intertidal flats as insitu 

roots, broken stumps, strewn logs, abundant 

organic detritus, and organic sandy mud. 

Xylic material and organic sediment were deposited 

in the supratidal marshes: tide and 

wave processes truncated the swamps, exposing 

in situ tree-root networks and the lowermost 

supratidal sediments. Stream and swamp 

deposits overlie and incise older Pleistocene 

strata. Both units are overlain by discontinuous, 

modern intertidal deposits. 

The intertidally exposed stumps and logs support 

a diverse community of animal and plant 

life. Boring organisms, encrusters, and refugium 

seekers are found on and within the 

xylic substrates. Some encrusting animals and 

all of the boring fauna produce traces that are 

comparable to ichnofossils reported by palichnologists. 

Wood-boring traces reported in this 

study are similar morphologically to the ichnogenera 

Caulostrepsis, Entobia, Meandro- 

8

polydora, Psilonichnus, Rogerella, Teredolites, 

Thalassinoides, and Trypanites. Most of these 

ichnogenera have not been reported from 

rock-record examples of the Teredolites 

ichnofacies. 

The stratigraphic and environmental significance 

of the reported (modern) locales is 

consistent with previous studies that associate 

Teredolites ichnofacies with base-level rise in 

marginal-marine environments. At Willapa 

Bay, bored xylic media form a coeval surface 

with adjacent, burrowed firmgrounds as well 

as softgrounds. 

2008020027 

纽芬兰 Chapel Island 组中寒武系最下部的 

遗迹组构 : 对寒武纪底质的指示意义 = 

Lowermost Cambrian ichnofabrics from the 

Chapel Island Formation, Newfoundland: Implications 

for Cambrian substrates. ( 英文 ). 

Droser M L; Jensen S; Gehling J G; Myrow P 

M; Narbonne G M. Palaios, 2002, 17(1): 3–15 

Bioturbation long has been ‘blamed’ for 

eliminating late Proterozoic-style sedimentary 

structures and fabrics. While the presence of 

diverse and complex burrows in lowermost 

Cambrian strata is indisputable, analysis of 

Precambrian–Cambrian successions in southeast 

Newfoundland demonstrate that this burrowing 

style did not produce typical Phanerozoic-style 

ichnofabrics. 

Three hundred meters of the siltstone/sandstone 

facies of member 2 of the 

Chapel Island Formation were examined in 

the area of the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary 

stratotype. Gyrolithes, Planolites, and Skolithos 

occur as sand infills ubiquitously 

throughout siltstone beds, most commonly 

without direct contact with an overlying sandstone 

bed, as if “floating” in the siltstone. In 

contrast, Treptichnus pedum occurs as sand 

infills adhering onto the base of thin sandstone 

beds that have different grain size and texture 

than the burrow infills. Both of these burrow 

types represent a style of preservation in 

which the burrows are unattached to an overlying 

bed of the casting sediment. These styles 

of preservation occur frequently in the Treptichnus 

pedum Zone and continue into the 

Rusophycus avalonensis Zone in spite of an 

increase in trace fossil diversity. The sandstone 

beds are bioturbated only very rarely. 

The resultant fabric produced by floating and, 

in particular, adhering burrows in these shallow 

marine deposits appears to be characteristic 

of many Lower Cambrian rocks. Silt layers 

appear to have been firm enough to have supported 

open burrows, likely as a result of a 

negligible mixed layer. This line of reasoning 

would predict that preservation of this type 

would be uncommon in younger strata deposited 

in open marine settings. 

2008020028 

南极三叠纪高古纬度洪泛沉积中四足动物 

和不明起源的大型潜穴 = Tetrapod and large 

burrows of uncertain origin in Triassic high 

paleolatitude floodplain deposits, Antarctica. 

( 英文 ). Miller M F; Hasiotis S T; Babcock L 

E; Isbell J L; Collinson J W. Palaios, 2001, 

16(3): 218–232 

Two types of large diameter burrows, recognized 

by non-overlapping size distributions, 

occur in high paleolatitude floodplain deposits 

of the Lower Triassic Fremouw Formation, 

Shackleton Glacier area, Antarctica. Type G 

(giant) burrows are gently dipping tunnels 8 to 

19 cm in diameter. Type L (large) burrows are 

2 to 6.5 cm in diameter, curved or subhorizontal 

tunnels that rarely branch; scratch markings 

on both burrow types generally are parallel 

or tangential to the long axis of the burrows. 

Type G burrows are interpreted as produced 

by tetrapods based on similarity in size, architecture, 

and surface markings to Permian burrows 

from South Africa that contain complete 

skeletons of therapsids. These are the first 

tetrapod burrows described from Antarctica. 

Type L burrows have characteristics of both 

fossil tetrapod and crayfish burrows, precluding 

identification of an unique producer. 

Triassic tetrapods, including therapsids, that 

lived in high southern latitudes probably burrowed 

to dampen the effects of seasonal environmental 

fluctuations, just as do many of 

their mammalian counterparts living today in 

high latitudes. The paleolatitudinal and paleooclimatic 

distributions of burrowing 

therapsids and their mammalian descendents 

can be assessed by focusing search efforts on 

very large burrows, and by identifying producers 

using criteria delineated herein; this 

will clarify the extent to which the burrowing 

habit originated and persisted in high latitudes. 

2008020029 

新泽西第三纪 Clinoform-toe 沉积深水层序 

地层中的硬底遗迹组构 = Firmground ichnofabrics 

in deep-water sequence stratigraphy, 

Tertiary Clinoform-toe Deposits, New Jersey 

Slope. ( 英文 ). Savrda C E; Browning J V; 

Krawinkel H; Hesselbo S P. Palaios, 2001, 

16(3): 294–305 

9

Sixteen erosional surfaces are recognized in 

a 144-m-thick condensed package of Tertiary 

(Eocene-Pliocene) clinoform-toe sediments 

recovered at ODP Site 1073 on the New Jersey 

slope. Most of these surfaces are associated 

with significant hiatuses or extremely 

condensed intervals defined by Sr isotopes or 

biostratigraphic data, and many can be linked 

to sequence boundaries defined in onshore and 

shelf seismic studies. All surfaces define the 

bases of fining upward sequences; they separate 

clay or biogenic muds below from authigenic 

glauconitic sandy muds or sands above. 

The entire Tertiary package is thoroughly bioturbated 

and dominated by ichnotaxa representing 

softground conditions. Burrow densities, 

burrow preservation, and the relative importance 

of certain ichnotaxa vary through the 

Tertiary package, reflecting changes in water 

depth, relative degree of condensation, and 

associated glaucony authigenesis, all related to 

margin progradation. Nonetheless, when individual 

sequences are considered, little or no 

change in softground ichnofossil assemblages 

is recognized across bounding surfaces. However, 

most surfaces are marked clearly by 

firmground Thalassinoides, burrow systems 

that penetrate deeply (up to 2 m) into subjacent 

clays and are characterized by extremely 

sharp walls and coarser glauconitic fills. In 

shallower shelf sequences, firmground ichnofabrics 

develop at sequence boundaries in response 

to subaerial exposure and transgressive 

ravinement. In contrast, the Tertiary firmgrounds 

on the New Jersey margin formed in 

deep water in response to phases of rapid 

transgression and net erosion; consolidated 

mud substrates were exhumed as a result of 

sediment starvation and bottom-current winnowing, 

facilitated by bioerosion, at or near 

the bases of slope clinoforms. These observations 

extend the previously established sequence 

stratigraphic utility of the substratecontrolled 

Glossifungites ichnofacies to 

deeper water facies. 

2008020030 

南非 Karoo 盆地 (Beaufort 群 Driekoppen 

组 ) 早三叠世 cynognathus 带的脊椎动物 

潜穴 = Vertebrate burrow complexes from the 

Early Triassic cynognathus zone (Driekoppen 

Formation, Beaufort Group) of the Karoo Basin, 

South Africa. ( 英文 ). Groenewald G H; 

Welman J; Maceachern J A. Palaios, 2001, 

16(2): 148–160 

A scratch-marked burrow complex with 

multiple branching tunnels and terminal 

chambers was excavated from the Lower Triassic 

Driekoppen Formation, northeastern 

Free State, South Africa. The burrow complex 

is attributed to the therapsid Trirachodon, 

based on disarticulated but fairly complete 

skulls and skeletons of at least 20 individuals 

recovered from a nearby, less well-preserved 

system. 

The entrance shaft slopes gently downward 

and is characterized by a bilobate floor and 

vaulted roof. The bilobate floor has a central 

flat-topped scratch-marked ridge flanked by 

two smooth grooves, each approximately the 

width of the occupant. At deeper levels, tunnels 

display tighter lateral curvatures, progressively 

decreasing burrow diameters, variable 

orientations, and some right angle branches. 

Burrow floors at these levels are vaguely bilobate. 

Distally, burrows flatten dorso-ventrally, 

becoming wedge-shaped before they terminate. 

These complexes are interpreted as colonial 

dwelling structures. Numerous branching 

tunnels and terminal chambers, as well as an 

enlarged entrance, constitute an unrealistically 

high expenditure of energy for a single occupant. 

Furthermore, the bilobate floor is atypical 

of a single occupant system. Absence of 

scratch marks in the depressions reflects the 

regular locomotory activity of Trirachodon. In 

single-occupant burrows, the center of the 

structure is worn. The bilobate floor with 

preferential wear along the flanks suggests 

routine travel on one side of the tunnel or the 

other, as multiple occupants moved past one 

another during daily activity. 

The presence of numerous fossilized Trirachodon 

individuals in terminal chambers at 

the second locality supports multiple cohabitation. 

There, the uniform sedimentary fill and 

vertebrate taphonomy suggest that the occupants 

were drowned in a flash flood. Vertebrate 

remains are absent at the first locality, 

where sediment influx was incremental, permitting 

the escape of burrow occupants. 

This constitutes the earliest record of multiple 

cohabitation of a burrow complex by tetrapods. 

The Trirachodon (Cynodontia) of the Early 

Triassic Cynognathus Zone probably displayed 

complex social behaviors previously 

regarded to be restricted to the mammals of 

the Cenozoic. This fossorial behavior may 

have been for thermoregulation, protection 

from predators, sites of reproduction, and the 

rearing of young. 

2008020031 

10

南极利文斯顿岛晚三叠世复理石相遗迹化 

石 = Trace fossils in flysch facies in the miers 

Bluff Formation(Late Triassic), Livingston 

Island, Antarctica. ( 中文 ). 杨式溥 ; 邓希光 ; 郑 

祥身 ; 刘小汉 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 101- 

115 3 图版 . 

南极利文斯顿岛赫德半岛中的迈尔斯陡 

崖组主要是浅变质的石英长石杂砂岩、粉 

砂岩、泥岩和粉砂岩与泥岩互层等组成的 

复理石 , 厚度可能超过 300 0m, 形成于浊积 

扇的上扇和下扇部分 , 时代可能为晚三叠 

世。在复理石相岩石中发育一套深水的遗 

迹化石 , 共有 15 个遗迹属、16 个遗迹种 , 其 

中有 10 个可以鉴定到遗迹种、两个比较 

种 ,4 个只鉴定到遗迹属 , 未鉴定到遗迹种 ; 建 

立 1 个新遗迹属及新遗迹种 , 除新遗迹属种 

外 , 其余 14 个遗迹属 ,15 个遗迹种都曾经在 

深海复理石相浊积岩内发现过 , 其中 

Belorhaphe, Glockerichnus,Lophoctenium , 

Rhabdoglyphus, Paleodictyon , Sublorenzinia , 

Spirophycus ,Strobilorhaphe, Tuberculichnus, 

Cochlichnus 等 , 属于浊流前产生在复理石相 

泥岩内的高度分异的雕画迹 (Graphoglyptida) 

, 它们产于泥岩却保存为上覆砂岩底面 

的铸型凸起。另外 Fucusopsis 和 

Neonereites 却产生在砂岩内代表浊流后形 

成的沉积后遗迹组合。文内还描述 3 种浊 

流常见的无机构造 , 并与上述遗迹化石进 

行比较。 

2008020032 

塔里木盆地下志留统遗迹组构及其环境解 

释 = Lower Silurian ichnofabrics of Tarim 

Basin and their environmentary interpretation. 

( 中文 ). 齐永安 ; 胡斌 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(1): 116-126 3 图版 . 

遗迹组构是由生物成因改造的沉积岩组 

构 , 是物理过程和生物过程相互作用的产 

物。文中运用生物扰动指数与遗迹组构组 

分图解综合分析方法在塔里木盆地下志留 

统塔塔埃尔塔格组中建立 4 个遗迹组构 , 即 

反映下临滨和滨外环境的 Helminthopsis- 

Diplocraterion 复合遗迹组构 , 反映下临滨环 

境的 Palaeophycus 遗迹组构和 Skolithos 遗 

迹组构 , 反映中上临滨环境的 Skolithos- 

Arenicolites 遗迹组构。对遗迹化石和生物 

扰动构造进行阶层分析 , 从中识别出受固底 

底质控制的遗迹化石 Diplocraterion, 常代表 

层序地层学中的重要界面。 

2008020033 

机会 (r- 选择 ) 与均衡 (K- 选择 ) 遗迹化石的现 

代生态学解释 = Modern ecological interpretation 

of opportunistic (r-selected) and equilibrium 

(K-selected) trace fossils. ( 中文 ). S G 

Pemberton; 周志澄 ; J MacEachern. 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(1): 134-142 

介绍地质记录中在不稳定的沉积环境下 , 

由于生活条件的恶化 ( 盐度的变化 , 严酷的温 

度 , 低含氧量及移动的沉积基底等 ) 以及沉积 

事件 ( 浊流沉积和风暴沉积 ) 所产生的机会 (r 

选择 ) 遗迹化石和均衡 (K 选择 ) 遗迹化石及 

其特点以及机会行为方式的古生物证据。 

对现代底栖生物的生态学研究 , 揭示现代机 

会生物和均衡生物的生态特征 ( 居群策略 ), 

描述由于破坏事件导致动物群消除后重新 

移居的现代实例 , 有助于了解地质记录中机 

会 (r 选择 ) 遗迹化石和均衡 (K 选择 ) 遗迹化 

石的成因及其古生态特征。 

2008020034 

天山和昆仑 - 秦岭造山带志留系、石炭系及 

三叠系复理石相遗迹化石 ( 英文 ) = Trace 

fossils from the flysch sequences of the Silurian, 

Carboniferous and Triassic of the Tianshan 

and Kunlun-Qinling orogenic belts of 

northwestern China. ( 中文 ). 龚一鸣 . 古生物 

学报 , 2001, 40(2): 177-188 3 图版 . 

在天山志留系、石炭系和东昆仑 - 西秦岭 

三叠系浊积岩系中遗迹化石发育 , 经研究计 

有 :Helminthopsis hieroglyphica,Neonereites 

biserialis,N. uniserialis,Palaeophycus isp.,P. 

serratus,P. striatus,P. tubularis,Paleodictyon 

imperfectum,Phycodes circinnatum, Phycosiphon 

incertum , Planolites annularis ,P. beverleyensis,P. 

montanus, Rhizocorallium isp., 

Scalarituba missouriensis, Skolithos isp.,? 

Spirorhaphe isp., Sublorenzinia isp. Tambia 

isp., Taphrhelminthopsis auricularis, 

Teichichnus isp., Thalassinoides isp.。它们构 

成 4 种遗迹化石组合 : Phycosiphon- Palaeophycus 

组合、Neonereites Scalarituba 组 

合、Paleodictyon 组合和 Phycodes-Skolithos 

组合 , 分别代表局限缺氧深海盆地浊流沉 

积、半深海环境的中 - 上扇沉积、多岛洋环 

境的中 - 下扇沉积、半深海环境的中扇浊流 

沉积。 

2008020035 

山东莱阳盆地早白垩世莱阳群的遗迹化石 

= A preliminary study of nonmarine trace fossils 

from the laiyang group (early cretaceous), 

laiyang basin, eastern china. ( 中文 ). 李日辉 ; 

11

张光威 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 252-261 1 

图版 . 

山东莱阳早白垩世莱阳群自下而上分为 

瓦屋夼组、林寺山组、止风庄组、水南 

组、龙旺庄组和曲格庄组 , 为一套河湖相沉 

积 , 产有较丰富、分异度较高的非海相遗迹 

化石和兽脚类恐龙足迹化石。共鉴定出遗 

迹属 11 个 , 未定属 1 个 , 其中遗迹种 9 个 , 未 

定种 2 个。遗迹化石是 : Cochlichnus anguines,Diplocraterion 

parallelum, Helminthoidichnites 

tenuis, Palaeophycus tubularis, 

Planolites montanus,Scolica sp.,Scoyenia 

gracilis,Skolithos linearis,Taenidium cameronensis, 

Thalassinoides sp.; 恐龙足迹化石是 : 

Paragrallator yangi。这些化石按习性可分 

为 4 类 , 即 : 居住构造、爬行迹、觅食迹和牧 

食迹 , 其中又以前 3 种为主。遗迹化石在剖 

面上的分布不均匀 , 以上部的水南组、龙旺 

庄、曲格庄 3 个组最丰富。 

2008020036 

古生代海洋无脊椎动物内共栖的古生态与 

多样性 : 遗迹化石证据 = Palaeoecology and 

diversity of endosymbionts in Palaeozoic marine 

invertebrates: Trace fossil evidence. ( 英 

文 ). Tapanila L. Lethaia, 2005, 38(2): 89-99 

Endosymbionts are organisms that live 

within the growing skeleton of a live host organism, 

producing a cavity called a bioclaustration. 

The endosymbiont lives inside the 

bioclaustration, which it forms by locally inhibiting 

the normal skeletal growth of the host, 

a behaviour given the new ethological category, 

impedichnia. As trace fossils, bioclaustrations 

are direct evidence of past symbioses 

and are first recognized from the Late Ordovician 

(Caradoc). Bioclaustrations have a wide 

geographic distribution and occur in various 

skeletal marine invertebrates, including tabulate 

and rugose corals, calcareous sponges, 

bryozoans, brachiopods, and crinoids. Ten 

bioclaustration ichnogenera are recognized 

and occur preferentially in particular host taxa, 

suggesting host-specificity among Palaeozoic 

endosymbionts. The diversity of bioclaustrations 

increased during the Silurian and 

reached a climax by the late Middle Devonian 

(Givetian). A collapse in bioclaustration diversity 

and abundance during the Late Devonian 

is most significant among endosymbionts 

of host coral and calcareous sponge taxa that 

were in decline leading up to the Frasnian- 

Famennian mass extinction. 

2008020037 

西藏南部堆纳地区上白垩统及下第三系遗 

迹化石及其环境意义 ( 英文 ) = Upper Cretaceous 

and Lower Tertiary trace fossils from 

Tuna area of southern Tibet and their environmental 

significance. ( 英文 ). 周志澄 ;H 

Willems. 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 403-415 3 

图版 . 

描述我国西藏南部堆纳地区宗山组下部 

及基堵拉组中的遗迹化石。宗山组中的遗 

迹化石组合可归属于 Zoophycos 遗迹相 , 该 

遗迹相可进一步划分成产于富氧条件下的 

Thalassinoides-Planolites 遗迹亚相及产于贫 

氧条件下 Zoophycos-Chondrites 遗迹亚相。 

基堵拉组中的遗迹化石组合可归属于在高 

能的潮下带的临滨和潮间带的前滨环境下 

产生的 Skolithos 遗迹相。 

2008020038 

早二叠世潮间坪相的螺旋状刻痕遗迹化石 

= Spiral-shaped graphoglyptids from an Early 

Permian intertidal flat. ( 英文 ). Minter N J; 

Buatois L A; Lucas S G; Braddy S J; Smith J 

A. Geology, 2006, 34(12): 1057-1060 

Spiral-shaped foraging trace fossils, assigned 

to the grapho glyptid cf. Spirorhaphe 

azteca, are reported from an Early Permian 

intertidal flat in the Robledo Mountains of 

southern New Mexico, USA. Remarkably 

similar spiral-shaped structures are produced 

in modern intertidal flats by the paraonid 

polychaete Paraonis fulgens, and function as 

traps to capture mobile microorganisms migrating 

in the sediment in response to tides. 

We envisage a similar function for the Early 

Permian trace fossils. Previous studies have 

suggested that the lack of P. fulgens–type 

traces from ancient intertidal deposits indicates 

that such behavior only evolved geologically 

recently in such settings. However, this 

report demonstrates that such specialized foraging 

behavior was present in intertidal settings 

by at least the Early Permian. 

Graphoglyptids are typical of deep-marine 

settings, and characteristic of the Nereites 

ichnofacies. This represents their first undoubted 

occurrence in intertidal facies in the 

geological record. We postulate that the occurrence 

of graphoglyptids in deep-marine and 

intertidal settings is related to the predictability 

of resources. The scarcity of intertidal 

graphoglyptids in the geological record is most 

likely a preservational effect. 

12

分子古生物学 

2008020039 

古生代和中生代非被子植物化石中存在被 

子植物分子化石奥利烷的生物地球化学证 

据 = Biogeochemical evidence for the presence 

of the angiosperm molecular fossil 

oleanane in Paleozoic and Mesozoic nonangiospermous 

fossils. ( 英文 ). Taylor D W; 

Li Hongqi; Dahl J; Fago F J; Zinniker D; 

Moldowan J M. Paleobiology, 2006, 32(2): 

179-190 

Recent molecular phylogenetic and molecular 

clock data both suggest a pre-Mesozoic age 

for the divergence of the angiosperm lineage 

from other seed plants, greatly predating the 

confirmed fossil record of the angiosperm 

crown group. In addition, molecular phylogenetic 

studies have not supported the morphologically 

based conclusion that gnetophytes 

are the extant sister group to angiosperms. We 

examine these relationships and divergence 

ages by using a novel approach of examining 

the presence of oleanane. This includes the 

development of methods using zeolites to 

preferentially reduce hopanes that can co-elute 

with oleanane. The presence of this molecular 

fossil strongly correlates with angiosperm diversification; 

in its functionalized form, along 

with its triterpenoid precursors, it is found in 

many living angiosperms. Our data show that 

among non-angiosperm seed plants examined 

thus far, oleanane is found only in fossil Cretaceous 

Bennettitales and Permian Gigantopteridales, 

both of which share characteristics 

with angiosperms. Previous morphological 

phylogenetic results indicate Bennettitales 

could be a sister group to or member of the 

angiosperm stem lineage, and results of our 

preliminary phylogenetic analysis including 

the Gigantopteridales suggests the same. Our 

data, based on a new pyrolysis method to treat 

living species, support previous research indicating 

that oleanane and its precursors are absent 

in living gnetophytes. If oleanane originated 

once in seed plants then the angiosperm 

stem lineage would have diverged from other 

seed plant lineages by the late Paleozoic. 

2008020040 

后生动物起源时间的分子钟研究 = Molecular 

clock studies on the divergence time of the 

early metazoans. ( 中文 ). 吴平 ; 张克云 ; 杨群 . 

古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 449-453 

后生动物是起源于 “ 寒武纪大爆发 ” 还是 

经历了一个相对较长的前寒武时期一直是 

动物进化史上的不解之谜。综述近年来出 

现的很多利用分子数据推测后生动物起源 

时间的分子钟研究 , 并就研究中存在的无脊 

椎动物与脊椎动物之间的进化速率的校 

正、进化速率恒定基因的判断等问题进行 

讨论。 

古生态学 

2008020041 

大西洋西部新近纪深潜穴型双壳类壳体中 

非捕食性损伤 = Non-predatory shell damage 

in Neogene western Atlantic deep-burrowing 

bivalves. ( 英文 ). Alexander R R; Dietl G P. 

Palaios, 2005, 20(3): 280–295 

Few shell-crushing predators can excavate 

prey living deep within the sediment. Despite 

this infaunal refuge from predators, many 

deep-burrowing bivalves display a strikingly 

high incidence of shell damage when compared 

with species living at shallower depths. 

A non-predatory origin is necessary to explain 

this high incidence of injury. To evaluate the 

generality of this hypothesis, repair frequency 

(number of repairs per shell), along with position 

and geometry, were determined for 68 

Neogene bivalve species from the US Atlantic 

and Gulf Coastal Plain, seven of which are 

classified as deep burrowers (>20 cm depth of 

sediment penetration). Panopea bitruncata, 

Panopea floridana, Panopea reflexa, and 

Panopea americana, which are among the 

deepest burrowers (up to 100 cm), have repair 

frequencies (2.8– 6.2) that are higher than any 

other species, while the value for Cyrtopleura 

costata (0.76) is exceeded only by semiinfaunal 

Atrina species (1.12). However, not 

all deep-burrowing species had such high incidences 

of damage. Two moderately deepburrowing 

species (Anodontia alba and Tagelus 

plebeius; 20–50 cm) showed repair frequencies 

(0.04–0.30) that overlapped the 

range (0.001–0.52) for shallow-burrowing, 

semi-infaunal, and epifaunal species. Therefore, 

any generalizations about the relationship 

between depth of sediment penetrated 

and frequency of shell damage are inadvisable. 

Most scars on deep burrowers were not attributable 

to the direct activity of shell-crushing 

predators because: (1) injury occurred late in 

life when individuals were positioned in the 

safety of a deep burrow; (2) scar types consistent 

with a predatory origin were rare; and (3) 

scars frequently occurred on the anterior of the 

shell, which is least accessible to digging 

predators. 

2008020042 

13

缅因州北部中泥盆世 Trout Valley 组的河 

口组合 = An estuarine assemblage from the 

Middle Devonian Trout Valley Formation of 

northern Maine. ( 英文 ). Selover R W; Gastaldo 

R A; Nelson R E. Palaios, 2005, 20(2): 

192–197 

The Middle Devonian (Emsian/Eifelian) 

Trout Valley Formation is exposed in the 

northeastern corner of Baxter State Park, 

Maine, and is noted for its abundant plantfossil 

assemblages. However, to date no invertebrate 

macrofaunal assemblages have been 

reported in this fluvial-to-marine sequence; 

only isolated eurypterid parts have been reported. 

A previously undescribed outcrop of 

coarse- to medium-grained siltstone characterized 

by megaripples preserves a restricted, 

transported invertebrate assemblage. The macrofossils 

are randomly oriented and concentrated 

in the ripple crests. Similar sedimentological 

features in other parts of the stratigraphic 

section indicate an estuarine, tidally 

influenced depositional regime. The fossil 

assemblage is dominated by Phthonia sectifrons—an 

uncommon Devonian bivalve 

known previously from open-marine deposits. 

Few other fossil taxa occur. Typically associated 

with deep-shelf brachiopods, the presence 

of P. sectifrons in these estuarine deposits indicates 

that this taxon occupied a wider range 

of habitats, extending from the shallow silty 

shelf facies to more transitional settings. The 

facies associations in the Trout Valley Formation 

suggest that Devonian near-shore communities 

resembled modern bivalvedominated 

near-shore communities. 

2008020043 

恢复介壳层的古群落 : 以得克萨斯始新世 

Main Glauconite 层为例 = Paleocommunity 

reconstruction from shell beds: A case study 

from the Main Glauconite Bed, Eocene, Texas. 

( 英文 ). Zuschin M;Stanton R J. Palaios, 2002, 

17(6): 602–614 

The Main Glauconite Bed (MGB), near the 

top of the Eocene Stone City Member 

(Crocket Formation), Texas, has been considered 

to contain a typical local paleocommunity 

(parautochthonous assemblage formed 

within a stable habitat). Microstratigraphic 

analysis, however, reveals a complex sedimentologic 

and taphonomic history for the 

MGB, a unit that is 1.7–1.9 m thick and consists 

of three intercalated small-scale facies 

interpreted to represent differing modes of 

deposition. The primary autochthonous innershelf 

sediments are dark glauconitic clay-silts 

with a matrix-supported polytaxic fossil assemblage. 

Recurrent storms produced thin 

(few mm to cm) layers of mostly simple, bioclast-supported, 

polytaxic shell concentrations. 

These distal tempestites occur mainly as 

small-scale lenses and as a few beds and pods, 

associated with glauconite-pellets, terrigenous 

sands, and scarce sedimentary structures. Subsequent 

burrowing destroyed most skeletal 

concentrations and formed patches of fossils, 

glauconite-pellet sand, and terrigenous, very 

fine sand. The assemblages in the three facies 

are dominated by corbulids, naticids, turrids, 

noetiids, and the solitary coral Turbinolia sp., 

and are indistinguishable based on their taxonomic 

composition and most of the taphonomic 

features (disarticulation, fragmentation, 

incrustation, corrasion, shell repair, and 

predatory drill holes). Only drilled shells are 

significantly more abundant in the bioturbated 

patches than in the two other facies. The only 

strong evidence for the presence of allochthonous 

faunal elements is the lack of right 

valves of anomiid bivalves. The scarcity of 

significant differences between facies indicates 

the presence of one basic paleocommunity 

that was modified by small-scale and 

short-term depositional events and bioturbation, 

but which can still be recognized in spite 

of having been preserved by three different 

suites of depositional processes. Microstratigraphic 

analysis of bioclastic deposits can 

recognize small-scale sedimentologic and biostratinomic 

processes that otherwise frequently 

are overlooked in paleoecological 

studies. Such processes have only minor influence 

on taxonomic composition and taphonomic 

features, which are therefore robust 

characteristics of a fossil assemblage. 

2008020044 

为演化和古生态研究创建一个古生态框 

架 : 来自佛罗里达更新世 Fort Thompson 

组的实例分析 = Creating a paleoecological 

framework for evolutionary and paleoecological 

studies: An example from the Fort Thompson 

Formation (Pleistocene) of Florida. ( 英文 ). 

Daley G M. Palaios, 2002, 17(5): 419–434 

A high-resolution paleoecological analysis 

of an outcrop of the Pleistocene Fort Thompson 

Formation was conducted at the Caloosa 

Shell Quarry near Ruskin, Florida. This study 

was designed to create a conceptual framework 

for future evolutionary and paleoecological 

studies. A massive shell bed was 

sampled using bulk replicate sampling of 

small stratigraphic intervals in several strati- 

14

graphic sections. The data set derived from the 

molluscan remains was analyzed using principal 

components, factor, and cluster analyses to 

define fossil assemblages. Guild analyses and 

comparison to modern analogs of the ancient 

species were used to determine the most likely 

set of paleoenvironmental and paleoecological 

conditions at the time of deposition. 

Multivariate analyses indicate two distinct 

faunal assemblages. An assemblage dominated 

by the bivalve Carditamera floridana 

and other grass-dwelling mollusks was recognized 

from the lower zone of the outcrop. 

Samples from the upper zone contained an 

assemblage dominated by the burrowing clam 

Chione cancellata as well as other grass and 

sand dwelling mollusks. The lower zone assemblage 

had lower paleoecological complexity, 

and a higher abundance of the opportunistic, 

salinity-tolerant mactrid Mulinia lateralis, 

indicating less stable paleoenvironmental conditions. 

These results indicate that there were two 

distinct sets of conditions in effect at different 

times during deposition. The earlier fauna indicates 

the presence of sea grass, but also environmental 

instability, perhaps due to fluctuating 

salinity. Later, a richer fauna combining 

sea grass-dwelling organisms with sandloving 

taxa developed. 

Morphometric and further paleoecologic 

analyses of individual taxa common to both 

faunal assemblages uncovered significant 

variability correlated with paleoenvironmental 

setting. Without the conceptual framework 

deduced from the paleoecologic analysis, this 

variability would have been either missed or 

difficult to interpret. 

2008020045 

骨有机质的稳定同位素值 : 人工成岩实验 

和怀俄明自然埋葬洞穴的古生态学 = Stable 

isotope values of bone organic matter: Artificial 

diagenesis experiments and paleoecology 

of natural trap cave, Wyoming. ( 英文 ). 

Mcnulty T; Calkins A; Ostrom P. 

Palaios, 2002, 17(1): 36–49 

The presence of original organic matter and 

retention of an indigenous isotopic signal in 

fossils have been disputed for years. An experiment 

was conducted to evaluate the influence 

of diagenesis on bone-protein isotope 

values, analyses were conducted on Holocene 

and Pleistocene fossils from Natural Trap 

Cave (NTC), Wyoming. Modern cow, Bos 

taurus, bone was heated with and without excess 

water for up to 195 hours at 100°C in an 

inert atmosphere. Collagen and noncollagenous 

proteins (NCP) were extracted 

and analyzed isotopically. Under dry conditions, 

carbon and nitrogen isotope values 

change by less than 0.4‰ during the 0 to 195 

hour interval. In the presence of excess water, 

carbon and nitrogen isotope values change by 

no more than 1.0‰ and 0.5‰, respectively, 

over 192 hours. The relative abundance of 

amino acids of collagen from heated bone differs 

by less than 10% from that of unheated 

collagen. Protein preservation is indicated by 

matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization 

mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) that strongly 

indicates a portion of the original osteocalcin 

exists intact in samples heated for 195 hours. 

Good preservation of collagen in NTC fossils 

is implied by high collagen yields, C:N, and 

realistic trophic structures based on isotope 

values. Carbon and nitrogen isotope values of 

ancient collagen increase with trophic level, 

allow dietary assessments to be made, and 

differentiate between ruminant and nonruminants. 

The results indicate that isotope 

values are resilient during simulated diagenesis 

and suggest that an indigenous isotopic 

signal can exist in well-preserved fossils such 

as those from NTC. 

2008020046 

化石记录中钻孔捕食的空间和环境变化 : 

中欧中新世的一个案例 = Spatial and environmental 

variation in the fossil record of 

drilling predation: A case study from the Miocene 

of Central Europe. ( 英文 ). Hoffmeister A 

P; Kowalewski M. Palaios, 2001, 16(6): 566– 

579 

Drilling predation presents a rare opportunity 

to quantify ecological interactions in the 

fossil record. Most large-scale studies have 

focused on temporal rather than spatial patterns. 

However, spatial variability patterns 

may both mask secular trends and provide 

important insights into geographic and environmental 

gradients in predation. To explore 

spatial patterns in predation, bulk samples of 

mollusks were collected from middle Miocene 

(Burdigalian and Langhian) marine deposits of 

Europe, including multiple sites from two adjacent 

bioprovinces: the Boreal Province and 

Paratethys. Two facies were sampled: finegrained 

and coarse-grained siliciclastics. The 

sampling scheme allows for a comparison of 

drilling predation at the local scale (within 

provinces), regional scale (between provinces), 

and between facies (within and between provinces). 

15

In the Miocene of Europe, statistically significant 

spatial variations in drilling-predation 

patterns occur locally, regionally, and among 

facies (these variations can be either masked 

or exaggerated when the samples are pooled 

into coarser analytical groupings). Regardless 

of the taxonomic resolution of the analysis, 

inter-regional and facies variation between 

samples is significant and on occasions exceeds 

20%. The sample-level pattern of variation 

in drilling intensity is notably consistent 

for pooled data and for each mollusk class, but 

major differences exist at finer taxonomic 

scales of families and genera. Escalation parameters 

(proportion of failed and multiple 

predatory attacks) also vary significantly between 

the provinces. In contrast, drill-hole 

size and site distributions display remarkably 

consistent patterns across samples regardless 

of the region, environment, composition of 

potential prey and predator, observed drilling 

intensity, and levels of escalation parameters. 

This suggests that stereotypy in predatory behavior 

can be displayed by higher taxa and 

may be independent of the environment, geography, 

and prey type. The dramatic differences 

between intensity patterns and stereotypy patterns 

indicate that the scale and nature of spatial 

variability may vary notably among different 

predation parameters. Thus, whereas 

behavioral stereotypy appears to be stable, the 

drilling intensity and escalation parameters 

display variability levels that are comparable 

to the temporal variations observed among 

samples collected over evolutionary time 

scales. The spatial variation in the fossil record 

of all relevant predation parameters 

should be evaluated independently, and controlled 

for, before any large-scale temporal 

trends are inferred. 

2008020047 

营养网状系统模式说明早三叠世陆生生物 

群落的不稳定性 = Trophic network models 

explain instability of Early Triassic terrestrial 

communities. ( 英文 ). Roopnarine P D; Angielczyk 

K D; Wang S C; Hertog R. Proceedings 

of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 

2007, 274(1622): 2077-2086 

Studies of the end-Permian mass extinction 

have emphasized potential abiotic causes and 

their direct biotic effects. Less attention has 

been devoted to secondary extinctions resulting 

from ecological crises and the effect of 

community structure on such extinctions. Here 

we use a trophic network model that combines 

topological and dynamic approaches to simulate 

disruptions of primary productivity in palaeocommunities. 

We apply the model to 

Permian and Triassic communities of the Karoo 

Basin, South Africa, and show that while 

Permian communities bear no evidence of 

being especially susceptible to extinction, 

Early Triassic communities appear to have 

been inherently less stable. Much of the instability 

results from the faster post-extinction 

diversification of amphibian guilds relative to 

amniotes. The resulting communities differed 

fundamentally in structure from their Permian 

predecessors. Additionally, our results imply 

that changing community structures over time 

may explain long-term trends like declining 

rates of Phanerozoic background extinction 

2008020048 

检验中生代中期海洋底栖生态系统演化中 

生物相互作用的影响 = Testing the role of 

biological interactions in the evolution of mid- 

Mesozoic marine benthic ecosystems. ( 英文 ). 

Aberhan M; Kiessling W; Fürsich F T. Paleobiology, 

2006, 32(2): 259-277 

Evaluating the relative importance of biotic 

versus abiotic factors in governing macroevolutionary 

patterns is a central question of paleobiology. 

Here, we analyzed patterns of 

changes in global relative abundances and diversity 

of ecological groups to infer the role of 

biological interactions as driving evolutionary 

forces in mid-Mesozoic macrobenthic marine 

ecosystems. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis 

of escalation, which states that macroevolutionary 

patterns were controlled by an 

increasing pressure exerted by enemies on 

their victims. Associated with evidence of 

increasing levels of predation and biogenic 

sediment reworking (bulldozing) is an increasing 

representation of predation- and disturbance-resistant 

groups in the fossil record. In 

particular, we observe increasing proportions 

of mobile organisms; a decline of vulnerable 

epifauna living freely on the substrate; and a 

trend toward infaunalization of the benthos. 

These trends were most pronounced in the 

paleotropics, i.e., the region where biological 

activity is thought to have been highest. The 

observation that these changes affected several 

biotic traits and occurred within independent 

clades argues against the overriding role of a 

single key adaptive innovation in causing 

shifts in ecological abundance. Also, changes 

in the abiotic environment cannot explain 

these faunal patterns because of lacking crosscorrelations 

with physico-chemical parameters 

such as global sea level, climate, and seawater 

16

chemistry. We conclude that in marine benthic 

ecosystems of the mid Mesozoic, enemydriven 

evolution, or escalation, was a plausible 

and important factor. 

2008020049 

古新世 - 始新世气候适宜期陆棚及开放海的 

浮游植物群落 : 对全球生产力梯度的意义 

= Shelf and open-ocean calcareous phytoplankton 

assemblages across the Paleocene- 

Eocene Thermal Maximum: Implications for 

global productivity gradients. ( 英文 ). Gibbs S 

J; Bralower T J; Bown P R; Zachos J C; Bybell 

L M. Geology, 2006, 34(3): 233-236 

Abrupt global warming and profound perturbation 

of the carbon cycle during the Paleocene-Eocene 

Thermal Maximum (PETM, ca. 

55 Ma) have been linked to a massive release 

of carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system. 

Increased phytoplankton productivity has been 

invoked to cause subsequent CO 2 drawdown, 

cooling, and environmental recovery. However, 

interpretations of geochemical and biotic 

data differ on when and where this increased 

productivity occurred. Here we present highresolution 

nannofossil assemblage data from a 

shelf section (the U.S. Geological Survey 

[USGS] drill hole at Wilson Lake, New Jersey) 

and an open-ocean location (Ocean Drilling 

Program [ODP] Site 1209, paleoequatorial 

Pacific). These data combined with published 

biotic records indicate a transient steepening 

of shelf-offshelf trophic gradients across the 

PETM onset and peak, with a decrease in 

open-ocean productivity coeval with increased 

nutrient availability in shelf areas. Productivity 

levels recovered in the open ocean during the 

later stages of the event, which, coupled with 

intensified continental weathering rates, may 

have played an important role in carbon sequestration 

and CO 2 drawdown. 

2008020050 

白垩纪 - 古近纪集群灭绝之后的远洋进化与 

环境复苏 = Pelagic evolution and environmental 

recovery after the Cretaceous- 

Paleogene mass extinction. ( 英文 ). Coxall H 

K; D'Hondt S; Zachos J C. Geology, 2006, 

34(4): 297-300 

The evolutionary recovery of planktic foraminifera 

from the Cretaceous-Paleogene 

mass extinction was closely linked to recovery 

of the marine carbon system. Both the evolutionary 

recovery and the biogeochemical recovery 

occurred in two stages. The second 

stage of evolutionary radiation peaked nearly 

four million years after the extinction, immediately 

after the abrupt final recovery of the 

organic flux to deep waters. The timing of 

these events suggests that the final postextinction 

recovery of planktic foraminiferal diversity 

was directly contingent on the final recovery 

of the marine carbon cycle. This second 

radiation was defined by the diversification of 

tropical photosymbiotic forms that dominated 

low- and mid-latitude assemblages long into 

the Eocene. We hypothesize that this diversification 

was a result of the reappearance of 

oligotrophic oceans as the organic flux from 

the surface ocean to deep water fully recovered 

from the mass extinction. 

2008020051 

泥盆纪群体后生动物中的捕食钻孔与部分 

死亡率 = Predatory drill holes and partial 

mortality in Devonian colonial metazoans. ( 英 

文 ). Wilson M A; Taylor P D. Geology, 2006, 

34(7): 565-568 

Elliptical holes 0.2–0.3 mm in diameter 

with beveled edges have been found penetrating 

the zooids of encrusting hederellids (colonial 

metazoans of uncertain affinity) from 

several localities in the Middle Devonian 

(Givetian) of North America. These are the 

first known predatory drill holes in pre- 

Cretaceous colonial animals and a key addition 

to the record of Paleozoic predation. 

Some drill holes were subsequently patched 

from within by new skeletal material, proving 

that the drilling occurred during the life of the 

colony. These drill holes are analogous to 

predatory drill holes in some modern 

cheilostome bryozoans, which can be similarly 

patched, in this case by the intramural budding 

of a new zooid into the empty chamber of the 

old zooid. A drilling predator of unknown affinity 

evidently consumed hederellid zooids 

one at a time, inflicting partial mortality on the 

colonies. The mode of drilling suggests that 

the predator specialized in this type of colonial 

prey, and the repaired drill holes show that the 

hederellids had a response to such damage. 

Reports of small circular holes interpreted as 

predatory drill holes are becoming more common 

in noncolonial shelled invertebrates from 

the Paleozoic, notably brachiopods, bivalves, 

and crinoids. These drill holes are far less frequent 

than in post-Paleozoic shells (where 

most are the work of gastropods), and many 

are of questionable origin, with some representing 

the traces of parasites and others 

postmortem domichnia. 

17

2008020052 

巴布亚新几内亚全新世珊瑚礁中干扰之后 

的集群死亡 = Mass mortality following disturbance 

in Holocene coral reefs from Papua 

New Guinea. ( 英文 ). Pandolfi J M; Tudhope 

A W; Burr G; Chappell J;. Edinger E; Frey M;. 

Steneck R,. Sharma C. Geology, 2006, 34(11): 

949-952 

The frequency and intensity of disturbance 

on living coral reefs have been accelerating for 

the past few decades, resulting in a changed 

seascape. What is unclear but vital for management 

is whether this acceleration is natural 

or coincident only with recent human impact. 

We surveyed nine uplifted early to mid- 

Holocene (11,000–3700 calendar [cal] yr B.P.) 

fringing and barrier reefs along 27 km at the 

Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. We 

found evidence for several episodes of coral 

mass mortality, but frequency was 16 km along the ancient coastline, occurred 

ca. 9100–9400 cal yr B.P., and is associated 

with a volcanic ash horizon. Recolonization of 

the reef surface and resumption of vertical reef 

accretion was rapid (

Aronson R B; Macintyre I G; Precht W F. Geology, 

2005, 33(9): 717-720 

Paleontological data suggest that coral 

populations in the Caribbean were consistently 

healthy for the past 2–3 k.y. Beginning in the 

1980s, however, disease outbreaks, bleaching 

episodes, hurricanes, and other perturbations 

caused catastrophic coral mortality and regional 

turnover. An alternative hypothesis, 

based on historical sources, posits that coral 

populations were already declining more than 

a century ago. These hypotheses can be distinguished 

only if turnover events are reliably 

preserved in the Holocene record of coral reefs. 

Push-cores extracted from uncemented lagoonal 

reefs in Belize showed that a direct hit 

by Hurricane Iris in 2001 did not disrupt the 

signature of the recent turnover event, which 

entered the subfossil record essentially intact. 

Cores from lagoonal systems in several areas 

of the Caribbean do not support the hypothesis 

that corals declined before the 1980s. 

2008020056 

浮游幼虫和底栖捕食者之间的宏进化影响 

= Macroevolutionary interplay between planktic 

larvae and benthic predators. ( 英文 ). Peterson 

K J. Geology, 2005, 33(12): 929-932 

Many marine invertebrates have a complex 

life cycle in which the egg develops into an 

intermediate planktic larval form rather than 

developing directly to the benthic juvenile 

stage. Because of the evolutionary and ecological 

complexity of pelagic-benthic life cycles, 

the reasons behind the origin of larvae 

and their subsequent maintenance over geological 

time are not well understood. Using 

both a molecular clock and the fossil record, I 

show that the initial exploitation of the predator-free 

pelagic realm by lecithotrophic larvae 

was achieved independently multiple times by 

the end of the Early Cambrian, and that the 

convergent evolution of planktotrophy from 

lecithotrophic ancestors evolved between the 

latest Cambrian and Middle Ordovician at 

least four, and possibly as many as eight, times. 

Both the exploitation of the pelagic realm by 

nonfeeding larvae and the acquisition of 

planktotrophy correlate in time with novel 

modes of benthic predation, including the 

dramatic rise in the number and type of epifaunal 

suspension feeders in the Early Ordovician. 

2008020057 

加拿大 Crawford 湖人工海藻污染的史前记 

录 = Prehistorical record of cultural eutrophication 

from Crawford Lake, Canada. ( 英文 ). 

Ekdahl E J; Teranes J R; Guilderson T P; Turton 

C L; McAndrews J H;. Wittkop C A; Stoermer 

E F. Geology, 2004, 32(9): 745-748 

Cultural eutrophication—the process by 

which human activities increase nutrient input 

rates to aquatic ecosystems and thereby cause 

undesirable changes in surface-water quality—is 

generally thought to have begun with 

the start of the industrial era. The prehistoric 

dimension of human impacts on aquatic ecosystems 

remains relatively undescribed, particularly 

in North America. Here we present 

fossil plankton data (diatoms and rotifers), 

organic and inorganic carbon accumulations, 

and carbon isotope ratios from a 1000 yr 

sediment core record from Crawford Lake, 

Ontario, Canada. The data document increased 

nutrient input to Crawford Lake caused by 

Iroquoian horticultural activity from A.D. 

1268 to 1486 and show how this increased 

nutrient input elevated lake productivity, 

caused bottom-water anoxia, and irreversibly 

altered diatom community structure within 

just a few years. Iroquoian settlement in the 

region declined in the fifteenth century, yet 

diatom communities and lake circulation never 

recovered to the predisturbance state. A second 

phase of cultural eutrophication starting in 

A.D. 1867, initiated by Canadian agricultural 

disturbance, increased lake productivity but 

had comparatively less impact on diatom assemblages 

and carbon-storage pathways than 

the initial Iroquoian disturbance. This study 

deepens our understanding of the impact of 

cultural eutrophication on lake systems, highlights 

the lasting influence of initial environmental 

perturbation, and contributes to the 

debate on the ecological impacts of density 

and agricultural practices of native North 

American inhabitants. 

2008020058 

钙质海洋无脊椎动物中环境镁 / 钙比率对镁 

分化的影响 : 显生宙海洋镁 / 钙比率的记录 

= Effect of ambient Mg/Ca ratio on Mg fractionation 

in calcareous marine invertebrates: A 

record of the oceanic Mg/Ca ratio over the 

Phanerozoic. ( 英文 ). Ries J B. Geology, 2004, 

32(11): 981-984 

The Mg/Ca ratio of seawater has changed 

significantly over the Phanerozoic, primarily 

as a function of the rate of ocean-crust production. 

Echinoids, crabs, shrimps, and calcareous 

serpulid worms grown in artificial seawaters 

encompassing the range of Mg/Ca ratios that 

existed throughout the Phanerozoic exhibit a 

19

direct nonlinear relationship between skeletal 

and ambient Mg/Ca. Specimens grown in 

seawater with the lowest Mg/Ca ( 1) changed 

their mineralogy to low-Mg calcite (

响 , 重点讨论了水深、陆源物质的稀释作 

用、碳酸盐的溶解作用以及重力流的沉积 

作用等因素对超微化石分布的影响 , 并根 

据超微化石的分布推断碳酸盐临界补偿深 

度 (CCrD) 约为 3 100m, 碳酸盐补偿深度 

(CCD) 大于 4 300m。 

2008020062 

三叠纪叠层石中的细菌化石和微生物白云 

岩 = Bacterial fossils and microbial dolomite 

in Triassic stromatolites. ( 英文 ). Perri E; 

Tucker M. Geology, 2007, 35(3): 207-210 

Triassic stromatolitic dolomite from Italy 

preserves mineralized bacterial remains, one 

of the first unequivocal identifications of such 

structures in the geological record. They consist 

of empty spheroids 1.0 µm diameter resembling 

coccoid bacteria, and smaller, 150– 

400 nm, objects interpreted as dwarf bacterial 

forms, occurring within and between synsedimentary 

dolomite crystals. Moreover, gently 

folded sheets, 100–200 nm thick and several 

micrometers long, form a sub-polygonal 

network reminiscent of EPS (extracellular 

polymeric substance). Their granular-textured 

surfaces suggest bacterial degradation of 

original organic matter. These features confirm 

a biological origin for the stromatolites, 

as in modern microbial mats, and the preserved 

original geochemical signatures indicate 

early precipitation of Mg-carbonates induced 

through microbial sulfate-reducing 

metabolic activities. 

2008020063 

二叠纪盐晶中存在 250 百万年前耐盐细菌 

的新证据 = New evidence for 250 Ma age of 

halotolerant bacterium from a Permian salt 

crystal. ( 英文 ). Satterfield C L; Lowenstein T 

K; Vreeland R H; Rosenzweig W D; Powers 

D W. Geology, 2005, 33(4): 265-268 

The purported oldest living organism, the 

spore-forming bacterium Virgibacillus sp. 

Permian strain 2–9-3, was recently cultured 

from a brine inclusion in halite of the 250 Ma 

Permian Salado Formation. However, the antiquity 

of Virgibacillus sp. 2–9-3 has been 

challenged; it has been argued that the halite 

crystal and the fluid inclusion from which the 

bacterial spores were extracted may be 

younger than the Permian Salado salts. Here 

we report that brine inclusions from the same 

layer of salt that housed Virgibacillus sp. 2–9- 

3 are composed of evaporated Late Permian 

seawater that was trapped in halite cement 

crystals precipitated syndepositionally from 

shallow groundwater brines at temperatures of 

17– 37 °C. These results support the 250 Ma 

age of the fluid inclusions, and by inference, 

the long-term survivability of microorganisms 

such as Virgibacillus sp. 2–9-3. 

2008020064 

河北兴隆中元古代古海底黑烟囱中微生物 

化石的发现及其意义 = The discovery of 

microbial fossils in the Mesoproterozoic submarine 

black smoker chimneys and its implications. 

( 中文 ). 冯军 ; 李江海 ; 程素华 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2007, 24(2): 205-209 

采用显微镜以及扫描电镜对冀东中元古 

代块状硫化物黑烟囱样品进行研究 , 首次发 

现了矿化微生物化石。它们为丝状体 , 均已 

黄铁矿化 , 经过激光拉曼光谱测试发现还保 

留少量有机质 , 可以与现代海底黑烟囱周围 

矿化微生物对比。这些化石微生物的鉴别 

基于大小、形状和群落聚集等物理标志。 

2008020065 

我国寒武系底部几种磷酸盐化保存的蓝菌 

类化石 = Some phosphatized cyanobacterian 

fossils from the basal Cambrian of China. ( 中 

文 ). 钱逸 ; 李国祥 ; 蒋志文 ; 陈孟莪 ; 杨爱华 . 微 

体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(2): 222-228 1 图版 . 

本文系统描述了产于我国寒武系底部磷 

矿层中的微型蓝菌类化石 4 属 4 种 , 其中 

Girvanella sp. 和 Spirellus columnaris 产于新 

疆阿克苏、乌什玉尔吐斯组和云南会泽、 

安宁朱家箐组中谊村段 ,Endoconchia lata 产 

于四川峨眉灯影组麦地坪段 ,Cambricodium 

capilloides 和一块属种名未定的化石产于陕 

西宁强灯影组宽川铺段 , 从而丰富了我国寒 

武系底部磷块岩层中的蓝菌类化石。本文 

还讨论了上述微型蓝菌类化石有直接磷酸 

盐化保存和钻孔磷酸盐铸模保存的两种保 

存方式。 

2008020066 

微生物硅化作用模拟实验 = Experimental 

simulation on microbial silicification. ( 中文 ). 

陈孝政 ; 王伟 ; 刘欣春 ; 徐洪河 ; 刘小雷 ; 孟凡巍 ; 

程金辉 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(3): 261- 

266 

硅化保存微体化石结构的识别和鉴定一 

直存在争议 , 现代人工模拟生物硅化实验有 

助于对硅化作用保真度 (silicification fidelity) 

等问题的理解。本实验通过人工配置浓度 

为 1 000 ppm 的硅溶液模拟自然硅化环境 , 

观察杆状细菌 (bacillus) 在该环境中的早期 

21

硅化作用。实验发现这种细菌可以在该硅 

化环境中快速硅化 , 并较好地保存其形态。 

硅化细菌表面硅质微颗粒 (nano-spheres) 沉 

积明显分两层 , 紧密规则的内层硅质微颗粒 

较好地保存了细菌表面结构 , 外层硅质微颗 

粒仅保存细菌轮廓。实验结果期望能为硅 

质细菌类微体化石的鉴别提供有益参考 , 并 

为其成因探讨提供更多实证依据。 

2008020067 

白垩纪 - 第三纪界线处选择性的钙质超微浮 

游生物存活率 = Selective calcareous nannoplankton 

survivorship at the Cretaceous- 

Tertiary boundary. ( 英文 ). Bown P. Geology, 

2005, 33(8): 653-656 

Calcareous nannoplankton underwent devastating 

diversity loss at the Cretaceous- Tertiary 

boundary (65.5 Ma), but recovered rapidly 

in the early Paleocene from a small number of 

survivor species. An understanding of this 

survivorship has been hampered by uncertainties 

introduced by reworking and mixing, but 

new high-resolution assemblage data from the 

northwest Pacific (Shatsky Rise, Ocean Drilling 

Program Site 1210) allow the unequivocal 

identification of 10 survivors. Evidence of 

shared adaptive strategies among these species 

provides the first indication that the extinctions 

were selective, with survival limited to a 

few neritic and/or opportunistic species, 

probably facilitated by hardiness and/or lifecycle 

escape strategies. 

孢粉 

2008020068 

阿尔卑斯南部湖盆与类型有关的孢粉源 : 

一个实验方法 = Taxon-related pollen source 

areas for lake basins in the southern Alps: an 

empirical approach. ( 英文 ). Conedera M; Tinner 

W; Crameri S; Torriani D; Herold A. 

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2006, 

15(4): 263-272 

The pollen/vegetation relationship in broadleaved 

forests dominated by Castanea sativa 

was analysed using an empirical approach. 

The pollen content of surface sediments of 

three lake basins of different sizes (6.3, 22.2, 

and 101.2 ha) in Ticino (southern Switzerland) 

was used for a comparison with the surrounding 

vegetation. We surveyed the vegetation 

around the two small lakes, Lago di Origlio 

and Lago di Muzzano, and estimated the relative 

crown coverage of tree species. The regional 

vegetation outside the lake catchment 

(ca. >1 km) was determined with the data 

from the first Swiss National Forest Inventory. 

For the third large lake, basin of Ponte Tresa, 

we used only this latter approach for comparison 

with pollen data. We compare uncorrected 

and corrected pollen percentages with vegetational 

data that were processed with distanceweighting 

functions. To assess the degree of 

correspondence between pollen and vegetation 

data we define a ratio pollen/vegetation, which 

allows a comparison at the taxon level. The 

best fit between total pollen load and vegetation 

is reached for a distance from the lake 

shore of ca. 300 m for Lago di Origlio 

(150×350 m in size) and of ca. 600 m for Lago 

di Muzzano (300×750 m in size). Beside these 

general patterns, our analysis reveals taxonspecific 

pollen dispersal patterns that are in 

agreement with results from previous studies 

in northern Europe. Ratios of species with 

local (proximal) and long-distance (distal) 

pollen dispersal provide evidence that pollen 

dispersal mechanisms can influence the size of 

the taxon-related pollen source area, from 

small (100–400 m) to large (>5 km) for the 

same lake. The proportion of distal species 

increases with increasing lake size, highlighting 

the predominance of atmospheric pollen 

transport. We conclude that the large speciesrelated 

differences in pollen source areas have 

to be taken into account when the provenance 

at a site is estimated and discussed. 

2008020069 

瑞士北部阿比斯库国立公园 Vuolep Njakajaure 

湖生物替代性指标所揭示的全新世环 

境史 = Holocene environmental history of 

Lake Vuolep Njakajaure (Abisko National 

Park, northern Sweden) reconstructed using 

biological proxy indicators. ( 英文 ). Bigler C; 

Barnekow L; Heinrichs M L; Hall R I. Vegetation 

History and Archaeobotany, 2006, 15(4): 

309-320 

Holocene environmental and climatic 

changes are reconstructed using analyses of 

biological proxies in lake sediments from 

Vuolep Njakajaure, a lake located near the 

altitudinal treeline in northern Sweden (68°20′ 

N, 18°47′ E). We analysed biological proxy 

indicators from both aquatic and terrestrial 

ecosystems, including diatoms, pollen and 

chironomid head capsules, in order to reconstruct 

regional Holocene climate and the development 

of the lake and its catchment. During 

the early Holocene and after 2500 cal B.P., 

Fragilaria taxa dominated the diatom assemblages, 

whereas planktonic Cyclotella taxa 

prevailed during the major part of the Holo- 

22

cene (7800–2300 cal B.P.), indicating the importance 

of the pelagic habitat for diatom assemblage 

composition. The planktonic diatoms 

appeared at the same time as Alnus became 

established in the catchment, probably 

altering nutrient availability and catchment 

stability. The pollen record is dominated by 

mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa) 

pollen throughout the Holocene, but high 

percentage abundances of Scots pine (Pinus 

sylvestris) pollen suggest the presence of a 

mixed pine-birch forest during the mid- 

Holocene (6800–2300 cal B.P.). Head capsules 

of Tanytarsini and Psectrocladius dominated 

the chironomid assemblage composition 

throughout the Holocene, in combination with 

Corynocera ambigua after 2300 cal B.P. A 

quantitative, diatom-based reconstruction of 

mean July air temperature indicated a relatively 

cold temperature during the early Holocene 

(9000–8000 cal B.P.) and after ca. 2300 

cal B.P., whereas the mid-Holocene period is 

characterised by stable and warm temperatures. 

The overall patterns of Holocene climate and 

environmental conditions are similarly described 

by all biological proxy-indicators, 

suggesting relatively warm conditions during 

the mid-Holocene (ca. 7800–2300 cal B.P.), 

with a subsequent colder climate after 2300 

cal B.P. However, the onset and magnitude of 

the inferred changes differ slightly among the 

proxies, illustrating different responses to lake 

development phases, land-uplift, and climate 

forcing (e.g., insolation patterns) during the 

Holocene in northern Sweden. 

2008020070 

波兰东北部 Wolin 岛一风尘堆积有机质夹 

层中孢粉、大化石和地化所揭示的阿略德 / 

新仙女木转型事件 = The Allerød/Younger 

Dryas transition in Wolin Island, northwest 

Poland, as reflected by pollen, macrofossils, 

and chemical content of an organic layer separating 

two aeolian series. ( 英文 ). Latałowa M; 

Borówka R K. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(4): 321-331 

A palaeoecological study including pollen, 

macrofossils, and chemical analyses of an organic 

sediment separating two series of aeolian 

cover sands has enabled us to reconstruct 

environmental changes during the Allerød/Younger 

Dryas transition in Wolin Island, 

northwest Poland. The Allerød woodland 

dominated by Pinus sylvestris became more 

open at the beginning of the Younger Dryas, 

when aeolian (wind) activity resulted in instability 

of the soil. During the early phase of the 

Younger Dryas the water level in the local 

basin distinctly raised, indicating a change to a 

wetter climate. This short-lasting phase was 

followed by an increased frequency and intensity 

of aeolian processes. However, the main 

aeolian event took place before the major expansion 

of Juniperus, not later than 

10,780±120 B.P. Frequent woodland fires, 

probably due to the activities of Palaeolithic 

people, have been documented both for the 

Allerød and the Younger Dryas periods. Macrofossils 

of Alnus sp. found in the Allerød 

layer are of special interest in showing the 

presence of alder trees in northwest Poland as 

early as the Late-glacial. 

2008020071 

斯洛伐克高塔特拉山脉两湖泊沉积物中的 

孢粉和大植物化石分析 = Pollen and macroscopic 

analyses of sediments from two lakes 

in the High Tatra mountains, Slovakia. ( 英文 ). 

Rybníčková E; Rybníček K. Vegetation History 

and Archaeobotany, 2006, 15(4): 345-356 

The paper presents the results of investigations 

concerning the accumulation processes, 

sediment composition, pollen and macroscopic 

analyses of sediments from the lakes 

Popradské pleso (1513 m) and Štrbské pleso 

(1345 m) in the High Tatra mountains, western 

Carpathians, Slovakia. While Popradské 

pleso is undoubtedly of glacial origin with 

silts in the Lateglacial layers and algal gyttja 

in the Holocene layers, Štrbské pleso or its 

greater part originated recently between the 

16th and the beginning of the 18th centuries 

when the previous bog of Atlantic or early 

Subboreal age was flooded with water after 

the dispersed outflow from the bog depression 

was blocked. Our pollen and macrofossil 

analyses indicate mountain tundra in the Lateglacial 

and a continuous presence of coniferous 

forest with Picea abies with admixture of 

Pinus cembra, Larix decidua, Juniperus communis 

and Pinus cf. mugo in the uppermost 

elevations at the alpine forest limit since the 

very beginning of the Holocene. No noticeable 

oscillation of the forest line can be interpreted 

from our pollen analyses. It seems probable 

that its position was controlled by geomorphological 

and edaphic conditions rather than 

by the Holocene climatic changes. Spruce forests 

dominated at elevations between ca. 

1000–1400 m during the whole Holocene. 

2008020072 

意大利亚平宁山脉北部山麓一个晚冰期欧 

洲云杉 (Picea abies) 的新发现地 : 冰期树 

23

木避难所模式的一个例外 = A new Lateglacial 

site with Picea abies in the northern 

Apennine foothills: an exception to the model 

of glacial refugia of trees. ( 英文 ). Ravazzi C; 

Marta Donegana, Elisa Vescovi,Arpenti E; 

Caccianiga M; Kaltenrieder P; Londeix L; 

Marabini S; Mariani S; Pini R; Vai G B; Wick 

LRavazzi C; Marta Donegana, Elisa 

Vescovi,Arpenti E; Caccianiga M; Kaltenrieder 

P; Londeix L; Marabini S; Mariani S;. 


15(4): 357-371 

We describe a new palaeobotanical site at 

Bubano quarry on the easternmost Po plain, 

northern Italy. Pollen and macrofossils from 

river and marsh sediments demonstrate the 

occurrence of Picea in a Pinus sylvestris forest 

growing in a radius of some tens of kilometres 

south of the sedimentation place, at the beginning 

of the Late-glacial interstadial. The Lateglacial 

and Holocene history of Picea in the 

northern Apennines is reconstructed on the 

basis of the palaeobotanical record. The sharp 

climatic continentality increase eastwards 

across the northern Apennines from the Tyrrhenian 

to the Adriatic coast is considered 

significant for the survival of Picea during the 

Late-glacial. The most critical phase of survival 

is related to the moisture changes and 

consequent Abies competition associated with 

the last glacial-interglacial transition and the 

early Holocene. The residual spruce populations 

expanded during the middle Holocene. 

The history of Picea in the northern Apennines 

is a case of ineffective interglacial spread 

of tree populations from pre-existing stands of 

LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) and Lateglacial 

age. 

2008020073 

根据孢粉、植物大化石和现代植物群落所 

揭示的法国东北部孚日山脉谷底 3000 年以 

来植物群落的演替 = A three thousand year 

succession of plant communities on a valley 

bottom in the Vosges Mountains, NE France, 

reconstructed from fossil pollen, plant macrofossils, 

and modern phytosociological communities. 

( 英文 ). Kalis A J; Knaap W. O. van 

der; Schweizer A; Urz R. Vegetation History 


Pollen and macrofossils were studied in a 

core from a fen at the foot of a slope in the 

Vosges Mountains, NE France. The presentday 

vegetation of little disturbed Abies, Fagus, 

and Picea forest and wetlands has been described 

in detail in terms of phytosociological 

communities using the Braun-Blanquet approach. 

Past ecological conditions are reconstructed 

in five steps: (1) The modern vegetation 

types are described as combinations of 

phytosociological species groups. (2) Microand 

macrofossils are assigned to these groups. 

(3) These in combination determine the past 

vegetation types at the site; there were simultaneously 

several such types in some biozones. 

(4) The sequence of past vegetation types is 

interpreted as successional pathways. (5) Past 

ecological conditions are inferred from these 

pathways. Results are: (1) The types of local 

forest and fen were the same around 1000 B.C. 

as today. (2) Rising groundwater around 650 

B.C. caused a natural wet meadow to develop 

at the site. (3) Trees were felled near the site 

in the first century B.C. (Late Iron Age), facilitating 

the immigration of Picea. (4) Groundwater 

level rose during early Medieval times 

because of a wetter climate and alder carr replaced 

the dry-soil forest close to the site. (5) 

During High Medieval Times (10th–13th century) 

the nearby raised bog expanded over the 

site. (6) Forestry starting around A.D. 1750 

caused nutrient-rich water to reach the site, 

resulting in abrupt vegetation change. (7) The 

creation of a forest road around A.D. 1855 

(historical information) caused further nutrient 

enrichment of the site. The validity of the 

method used depends on the assumption that 

past and present vegetation types are virtually 

identical, which is true in our study area and 

study period, according to all the indications 

that we have. 

2008020074 

波兰东南部高比茨扎迪山脉高山草地带悬 

浮泥炭沉积物中孢粉记录的近千年来植被 

变化 = Vegetational changes in the montane 

grassland zone of the High Bieszczady mountains 

(southeast Poland) during the last millennium—pollen 

records from deposits in 

hanging peat-bogs. ( 英文 ). Ralska- 

Jasiewiczowa M; Madeyska E; Mierzeńska M. 


15(4): 391-401 

The pollen analytical investigations of 

hanging peat bogs in the summit zone of the 

Polish east Carpathians show that the absence 

of the upper montane spruce zone in the western 

Bieszczady mountains is a phenomenon 

that has been historically stable at least for the 

last millennium and probably also in earlier 

times. At altitudes corresponding to the spruce 

zone in other parts of the Carpathians, dwarf 

beech woods form here a low-lying upper tree 

limit. The montane grassland zone occurring 

24

above this tree line did not result from human 

activities, although it has been extended by 

human activity. Besides, it is shown how far it 

is possible to reconstruct from a pollen diagram 

the differentiation of vegetation surrounding 

the site of profile collection located 

in the upper montane zone when the presentday 

local plant communities are well known, 

in spite of pollen from long distance transport 

always being present at the summits of mountain 

ranges. 

2008020075 

欧洲中部新石器晚期 (4300–2400 b.c.) 气 

候变迁对湖面变化及经济方式转变的意义 

= The significance of climate fluctuations for 

lake level changes and shifts in subsistence 

economy during the late Neolithic (4300–2400 

b.c. ) in central Europe. ( 英文 ). Arbogast R-M; 

Jacomet S; Magny M; Schibler J. Vegetation 

History and Archaeobotany, 2006, 15(4): 403- 

418 

In the last decades, data on the economy 

and environment of the Neolithic period of 

lake dwellings (4300–2400 B.C.) in central 

Europe has increased considerably and also 

palaeoecological data on lake level fluctuations 

has been thoroughly elaborated. Lake 

shores were mainly settled during warm and 

rather dry climate periods which caused a fall 

in the lake levels. Nevertheless, there were 

strong and partly very short-term shifts in the 

economy during the lake-dwelling period. 

These can be recognised only because the settlement 

layers can be very precisely dated by 

dendrochronology. In this article we discuss in 

an interdisciplinary way the possible interrelations 

between climatic and economic changes. 

To explain the latter, we assume crop failures 

as the main reason, which caused intensified 

hunting and gathering. There are three different 

possibilities which might explain this: cold 

and wet summers, severe droughts during 

spring and summer, or local over-exploitation 

of soils in densely settled areas. 

2008020076 

阿尔卑斯南部欧洲冷杉 (Abies alba) 中全 

新世绝灭的古植物记录和森林模拟 : 结论 

为森林火灾 ? = The mid-Holocene extinction 

of silver fir (Abies alba) in the Southern 

Alps: a consequence of forest fires? Palaeobotanical 

records and forest simulations. 

( 英文 ). Wick L; Möhl A. Vegetation History 


Pollen records suggest that Abies alba 

played a dominating role in both the montane 

and lowland forests at the border of the Southern 

Alps between ca. 8500 and 5700 years ago. 

Two major declines in fir, at about 7300–7000 

cal B.P. and at ca. 6000 cal B.P., followed by 

the local extinction of the species are characteristic 

of the area below ca. 1000 m a.s.l. In 

order to test the impact of fire on the population 

dynamics of silver fir, a dynamic model 

(DisCForm) with a fire module was applied to 

simulate the early- and mid-Holocene forest 

development. Simulation outputs based on 

different fire scenarios were compared with 

the pollen record from Lago di Annone 

(226 m a.s.l.). The marked Abies decreases 

shown in the pollen record can be simulated 

with very intensive fire scenarios, but they do 

not result in an extinction of silver fir in the 

model. Low charcoal influx values related to 

the Abies declines in the palaeobotanical record 

suggest that fire was not the only reason 

for the extinction of silver fir. Human impact, 

as well as Holocene climatic changes leading 

to temporary moisture deficits and reduced 

adaptability due to low genetic variation may 

have had a significant impact on the Abies 

forests. 

2008020077 

山地环境中现代孢粉 - 植被 - 土地利用之间的 

关系 : 以法国阿尔卑斯山脉 Champsaur 山 

谷为例 = Modern pollen/vegetation/land-use 

relationships in mountain environments: an 

example from the Champsaur valley (French 

Alps). ( 英文 ). Court-Picon M; Buttler A; 

Beaulieu J-L de. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(3): 151-168 

This study aims at elucidating modern pollen 

spectra/environmental data relationships 

from both natural and human-induced vegetation 

types as an aid for palaeo-ecological reconstructions. 

A set of 51 surface moss polsters 

was sampled from different vegetation 

and land-use types in the Champsaur area 

(French Alps) and analysed to obtain modern 

pollen analogues of ancient cultural landscapes 

in mountain ecosystems. Samples were 

selected from grazed areas, mown meadows, 

cultivated fields, fallow land and deciduous 

and coniferous forests. Vegetation composition 

around the sampling points and seventeen 

types of environmental variables (e.g., management 

type, soil and topography) were collected 

all for these 51 sites. Patterns of modern 

local pollen variation in relation to the environmental 

variables were explored by means 

25

of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) 

and associated statistical tests. This correlative 

model allows us to determine the major explanatory 

variables and to identify taxa indicative 

of particular anthropogenic activities, and 

thus may help to calibrate fossil pollen assemblages. 

The indicator pollen types are evaluated in 

the light of comparable material from lowland 

and mid-elevation areas of western Europe. 

The results of the French data-set confirm 

some of the conclusions drawn from the North 

European data-sets, but also show some site 

specific features. Pollen markers with a 

broader global significance common to other 

regions include Rhinanthus type, Apiaceae 

and Dipsacaceae for mown meadows, Urtica 

type, Plantago media/major, Trifolium type 

and Potentilla type for grazed areas, and Cerealia 

type, Centaurea cyanus, and Polygonum 

aviculare for cultivated fields. New 

pollen anthropogenic indicators typical of our 

study area are Sanguisorba officinalis, Vicia 

type (mowing), Lotus type, Onobrychis type, 

Centaurea nigra type, Serratula type (grazing), 

Sinapis type and Papaver rhoeas (cultivation). 

This study provides potentially valuable 

analogues for human-induced vegetation 

types, and it may then become possible to interpret 

more objectively local pollen diagrams 

from Alpine mountain environments in terms 

of past cultural landscape development. 

2008020078 

鹰嘴豆 (Cicer arietinum L. ) 和蚕豆 

(Vicia faba L.) 的栽培起源 : 来自叙利亚 

西北部 Tell el-Kerkh 地区公元 10 世纪末期 

以前的早期发现 = The origins of cultivation 

of Cicer arietinum L. and Vicia faba L.: early 

finds from Tell el-Kerkh, north-west Syria, 

late 10th millennium b.p.. ( 英文 ). Tanno K-i; 

Willcox G. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(3): 197-204 

Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) and Vicia 

faba L. (faba bean, broad bean or horse bean) 

were found in late 10th millennium B.P. levels 

at Tell el-Kerkh, in north-west Syria. They are 

the earliest well preserved archaeobotanical 

finds of these two species. Over a hundred C. 

arietinum specimens were recovered which 

showed a wide morphological diversity varying 

from C. arietinum ssp. reticulatum to the 

more rounded shape as seen in cultivated varieties. 

For Vicia faba, 29 complete and 119 

half seeds, as well as many fragments were 

recovered. Tell el-Kerkh is one of the few 

early PPNB Near Eastern sites situated in the 

Mediterranean zone which could have been 

the habitat of the unknown wild progenitor of 

the faba bean. The wild progenitor of chickpea, 

C. a. reticulatum, is found in a limited area of 

southeast Turkey, at a considerable distance 

from Tell el-Kerkh. These finds suggest that 

the use and domestication of these pulses is 

perhaps earlier than was previously supposed. 

2008020079 

土耳其马拉蒂亚省阿尔斯兰特坡来自烧毁 

房子的青铜器早期文化 2 期的古植物考古 

资料及农作物储存证据 = Archaeobotanical 

data and crop storage evidence from an early 

Bronze Age 2 burnt house at Arslantepe, 

Malatya, Turkey. ( 英文 ). Sadori L; Susanna 

F;Persiani C. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(3): 205-215 

Excavations on the southwest area at 

Arslantepe, Malatya, Turkey, by far the largest 

tell on the Malatya plain from the 5th millennium 

to the Neo-Hittite age, revealed an important 

change in the settlement patterns during 

the two main levels of the VI C Period of 

the site (Early Bronze Age 2, 2750–2500 cal 

B.C.). The latter level corresponds to a village 

founded on neatly shaped terraces in a layout 

which lasted for centuries, well into the following 

Early Bronze Age 3. This continuity 

was not broken even by violent fires that at 

times destroyed some houses, producing a 

huge quantity of charred plant remains, which 

comprised fruits, seeds and wood charcoal. 

The archaeobotanical data so far obtained 

from the EB2 house A607, the richest one in 

macro-remains, on which efforts have been 

concentrated first, provides much data about 

the use of the surrounding land. Charcoal of 

Quercus (deciduous oaks) (85%) followed by 

Populus (poplar) (9%) are dominant among 

wood remains, while Hordeum (barley) (70%) 

is the dominant crop found, followed by Cicer 

(chickpea) (17%). The crop storage methods 

were investigated by mapping the positions of 

charred fruits and seeds both according to the 

grid system and in comparison to the layout of 

facilities (grinding stone, hearths, oven) and 

the distribution of pottery (jars, bowls, pots) in 

order to detect where the crops were kept and 

the ways in which they were stored, processed, 

and used. The house facilities and furniture 

suggest that the house was a multifunctional 

place, which included storage space, but 

which was limited to household needs. The 

new archaeobotanical investigation so far carried 

out on the burnt house A607 suggests 

some implications on the degree of agriculture, 

26

on crop storage and on food processing practises. 

2008020080 

挪威南部 Setesdal 山谷大植物化石和孢粉 

证据所揭示的全新世森林发展 = Holocene 

forest development along the Setesdal valley, 

southern Norway, reconstructed from macrofossil 

and pollen evidence. ( 英文 ). Eide W; 

Birks H H; Bigelow N H; Peglar S M; Birks H 

J B. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(2): 65-85 

The Setesdal valley in South Norway runs 

north to south for 200 km, from alpine vegetation 

at 1200 m, passing the tree-line at around 

1000 m, through Boreal forests, to Nemoral 

forest at sea level. The Holocene vegetation 

history and its altitudinal differentiation were 

reconstructed using pollen percentages and 

influx and plant macrofossil concentration 

records from four lakes along an altitudinal 

transect. During the early Holocene (c. 

10500–8000 cal B.P.) Betula pubescens, Pinus 

sylvestris, Alnus, and Corylus expanded in the 

lowlands. Only Pinus and B. pubescens 

reached 1000 m asl (Lille Kjelavatn). Only B. 

pubescens reached Holebudalen (1144 m asl) 

at about the same time as it arrived in the lowlands. 

Between c. 8000–3000 cal B.P. mixed 

deciduous forest developed around Dalane 

(40 m asl) and to a lesser extent around Grostjørna 

(180 m asl), birch woodland with pine 

surrounded Lille Kjelavatn and birch woodland 

occurred at Holebudalen. From c. 

3000 cal B.P. to present, the vegetation at 

Dalane hardly changed except for slight human 

impact and the immigration of Picea 

abies. At Grostjørna Pinus expanded. At Lille 

Kjelavatn Pinus disappeared and Betula became 

sparse as at the tree-line today. Betula 

retreated from Holebudalen thus leaving it 

above the tree-line in low-alpine vegetation. 

The strengths and weaknesses of pollen and 

plant macrofossil data were assessed for forest 

reconstructions. Where local pollen production 

is low, as near the tree-line, percentages 

of long-distance tree pollen can be misleadingly 

high. Pollen influxes of Betula and 

Pinus were much smaller near their altitudinal 

limits than at lower altitudes, although their 

macrofossils were equally abundant. The limited 

dispersal capacity of macrofossils documents 

the local presence of species and the 

character of the local vegetation, although 

macrofossils of some tree taxa are rarely 

found. Pollen and plant macrofossil evidence 

complement each other to provide a more 

complete reconstruction of Holocene treelimits 

and tree-lines and hence climate 

changes, than either form of evidence alone. 

2008020081 

阿尔卑斯南部 Insubrian 地区小尺度研究点 

所显示的晚冰期和全新世植被史 = Lateglacial 

and Holocene vegetation history in the 

Insubrian Southern Alps—New indications 

from a small-scale site. ( 英文 ). Hofstetter S; 

Tinner W; Valsecchi V; Carraro G; Conedera 

M. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(2): 87-98 

Fundamental uncertainties exist in the 

study region about the former lowland vegetation 

at local scales. All existing palaeoecological 

results are derived from sediments 

of medium- to large-sized sites (8– 

5000 ha), which are thought to record mainly 

regional vegetation in their pollen content. 

Therefore the very small mire at Balladrum 

(0.05 ha) was analysed for pollen, plantmacrofossils, 

and charcoal and the results 

compared with those of previous studies in the 

same region. Common regional signals were 

detected, but also new insights for the tree 

species Pinus cembra (L.), Abies alba (Mill.) 

and Castanea sativa (Mill.). Our palaeobotanical 

data reveal the local dominance 

of the timberline species P. cembra during the 

Lateglacial (16500–14250 cal B.P.) at lowaltitudes. 

For A. alba an early presence in the 

area is suggested by pollen data, corroborating 

previous high-altitudinal studies indicating the 

presence of glacial refugia in the region. Occasional 

findings of C. sativa pollen throughout 

the Holocene may indicate the local but 

very rare presence of this species in the Insubrian 

Southern Alps, in contrast to the conventional 

opinion that C. sativa was introduced 

during the Roman Period. Altogether 

the results confirm the need of multiproxy 

palaeobotanical records from basins of variable 

size to assess the past composition of 

vegetation more accurately. 

2008020082 

巴西北部 Pará 州东北部 Taperebal 孔所推 

断的全新世红树林动态发展及海平面变化 

= Holocene mangrove dynamics and sea-level 

changes in northern Brazil, inferences from 

the Taperebal core in northeastern Pará State. 

( 英文 ). Vedel V; Behling H; Cohen M; Lara R. 


15(2): 115-123 

A 450 cm sediment core from Taperebal, in 

the mangrove region of northeastern Pará 

27

State in northern Brazil has been studied 

through pollen analysis in order to reconstruct 

mangrove development and dynamics and to 

infer relative sea-level (RSL) changes during 

the Holocene. Six AMS radiocarbon dates, 

which provide a somewhat limited age control 

with some uncertainties, suggest early and late 

Holocene deposits interrupted by a hiatus between 

them. A patchy vegetation of coastal 

Amazon rain forest, restinga, salt marsh and 

some mangrove, which was dominated by 

Avicennia, covered the study area during the 

early Holocene period. The occurrence of an 

early Avicennia dominated mangrove phase 

has not been reported so far from other sites in 

northern Brazil. During the mid Holocene 

mangroves mostly replaced the former coastal 

Amazon rain forest, restinga and some salt 

marsh vegetation, reflecting the rise in the 

RSL. Rhizophora trees expanded markedly 

and Avicennia became rare. In the sediment 

core there is apparently a gap between the 

depths of 115 and 85 cm (possibly starting 

between 5900 and 5750 B.P.). The deposits 

above 85 cm are of modern age and were 

probably deposited during the last decades. 

This gap can be explained by the lowering of 

the RSL as is shown for other northern Brazilian 

coastal sites. The deposition of sediments 

during the last decades suggests that the modern 

RSL is high compared to other periods in 

the Holocene. Pollen data from these deposits 

show that Rhizophora trees dominate the 

mangrove forests, also indicating a high RSL. 

2008020083 

荷兰菲仕兰省 terp Peins-east 地区大植物 

遗存所反映的地貌和牧业变化 = Changing 

landscape and grazing: macroremains from the 

terp Peins-east, province of Friesland, the 

Netherlands. ( 英文 ). Nieuwhof A. Vegetation 

History and Archaeobotany, 2006, 15(2): 125- 

136 

This article seeks to contribute some new 

insights to the discussion about the colonisation 

of the North-Netherlands coastal area in 

the Iron Age. The aim of the study presented 

here was to investigate whether archaeobotanical 

research can demonstrate the 

absence or presence of grazing and the 

changes in vegetation that follow the development 

of the salt marsh and that may be related 

to activities connected with human occupation. 

The material studied was sampled in 

the terp of Peins in the Dutch province of 

Friesland during the 1999 excavation. The 

beginnings of this terp can be dated in the first 

century A.D., although a small dike and two 

parallel ditches preceded it. The macroremains 

from these ditches proved useful in describing 

the changes in the salt marsh vegetation. It 

was shown that the salt marsh was not used 

for grazing cattle prior to habitation. Grazing 

only started at the time the first terp podium 

was raised. 

2008020084 

次优条件下的树轮年代学 : 作为定年手段 

和记录过去森林管理的比利时佛兰德斯地 

区的中世纪栎树年轮 = Dendrochronology in 

suboptimal conditions: tree rings from medieval 

oak from Flanders (Belgium) as dating 

tools and archives of past forest management. 

( 英文 ). Haneca K; Boeren I; Acker J V; 

Beeckman H. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(2): 137-144 

Throughout the Middle Ages forests in 

Flanders (northern Belgium) experienced a 

dramatic human influence. Forests were 

logged for wood supply and converted to arable 

land. The structure of the remaining forests 

was altered. This, combined with the tempering 

influence of the Atlantic climate, results 

in conditions that are suboptimal for 

dendrochronological research. Tree-ring series 

of Quercus robur and Q. petraea of timber 

from medieval archaeological sites are often 

short, show abrupt growth-rate variations and 

are complacent. The question arises whether 

tree-ring series of this type are potential records 

of past management and whether they 

could constitute the basis of a reference chronology 

for archaeological dating. During six 

archaeological excavations in and around the 

medieval town of Ypres, cross-sections were 

collected. The tree-ring series could be dated 

back to the 12th–14th centuries, using reference 

chronologies from surrounding regions. 

The growth pattern of the short sequences displays 

a high similarity to tree-ring series from 

modern coppice. For the first time, it has been 

confirmed that dendrochronological analysis 

in Flanders is possible and can provide valuable 

information on medieval forest use and 

structure. 

2008020085 

岩蔷薇在历史时期的利用 : 比利时北部 15 

和 16 世纪污水坑中的孢粉学证据 = The 

historical use of ladanum. Palynological evidence 

from 15th and 16th century cesspits in 

northern Belgium. ( 英文 ). Deforce K. Vegeta- 

28

tion History and Archaeobotany, 2006, 15(2): 

145-148 

Pollen of the Cistus ladanifer type and of 

other members of the Cistaceae family has 

been found in 15th and 16th century cesspits 

in Aalst and Raversijde, Flanders, Belgium. 

The presence of these Mediterranean pollen 

types in the cesspits is most probably the consequence 

of the use of ladanum, an aromatic 

resin produced by several Cistus species. In 

the Mediterranean region, ladanum has been 

used since antiquity for the production of perfumes 

and in medicine. In northwestern 

Europe, the use of ladanum is known from 

historical manuscripts but there have been no 

archaeobotanical finds indicating the use of 

ladanum until now. 

2008020086 

爱尔兰中部地区修道院和非修道院研究点 

最近 2000 年以来的植被史 = The vegetation 

history of monastic and secular sites in the 

midlands of Ireland over the last two millennia. 

( 英文 ). Hall V A. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(1): 1-12 

Historic Icelandic tephrochronology forms 

the timeframe for four palynological investigations 

of peat profiles from the Irish midlands 

to trace vegetation history and land use 

at contemporary monastic and secular sites 

during the last two millennia. Scrubby woodlands 

changed little in nature and extent until 

the late 17th or early 18th century. Pastoral 

agriculture has a long record at all of the sites 

studied, with arable agriculture being sustained 

throughout the 2nd millennium. All 

sites show evidence for scrub clearance with 

associated agricultural expansion in the late 

18th and early 19th centuries. At this time, 

trees not native to Ireland were planted. 

2008020087 

瑞典北部冰川不均衡陆地抬升地区中石器 

时代狩猎者 - 采集者对当地植被的影响 = 

Effects of Mesolithic hunter-gatherers on local 

vegetation in a non-uniform glacio-isostatic 

land uplift area, northern Sweden. ( 英文 ). 

Hörnberg G; Bohlin E; Hellberg E; Bergman I; 

Zackrisson O; Olofsson A; Wallin J-E; Påsse 

T. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(1): 13-26 

The oldest early Mesolithic settlements 

found so far (i.e. 8600 B.P.) in the interior of 

northern Sweden, in the province of Norrbotten, 

have been discovered through the application 

of a model simulating glacio-isostatic 

land uplift. The objective of this study was to 

investigate, through pollen and charred particle 

analyses, vegetation composition and the 

influence of man on vegetation and fire pattern 

in the vicinity of two of these early settlements. 

Early Holocene vegetation was 

characterised by Betula, Hippophaë and Salixspecies, 

but no initial impact by huntergatherers 

on vegetation was detected. Subsequently 

Betula and Pinus became dominant 

but abrupt changes in the tree layer followed, 

Poaceae, Hippophaë and Salix-species increased, 

and Humulus occurred. These 

changes, which were synchronous with dates 

of archaeological findings at the settlements, 

indicated local vegetation changes caused by 

man. The relationship between these changes 

and fire was, however, subtle. Eventually 

Pinus forests became dominant and human 

impact on vegetation became less apparent. It 

is concluded that the impact of early Mesolithic 

hunter-gatherers on vegetation was detectable, 

but that their effect on fire pattern 

was difficult to evaluate. Further, we show 

that the glacio-isostatic land uplift must be 

considered in the search for Mesolithic settlements 

in areas previously covered by the 

Weichselian Ice, and that the process has influenced 

the biological archives through redeposition 

of material. 

2008020088 

荷兰 Zutphen 附近早全新世环境变化和中 

石器时代早期居民的出现和消失 = Early 

Holocene environmental change, the presence 

and disappearance of early Mesolithic habitation 

near Zutphen (The Netherlands). ( 英文 ). 

Bos J A A; Geel B v; Groenewoudt B J; M 

Lauwerier R C G. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2006, 15(1): 27-43 

The Early Holocene landscape near Zutphen 

(The Netherlands) is reconstructed by 

means of microfossil, macroremain and bone 

analyses. In this area early Mesolithic sites 

were found on a river dune along a former 

river channel. AMS 14 C dating provided a detailed 

chronology for the sites and river channel 

deposits. Between ca. 9800–9600 B.P. 

open herbaceous vegetation was present on 

the river dunes. The residual channels were 

fringed by reed swamps and willow shrubs, 

with birch and poplar woodlands inland. During 

this period there are indications of natural 

or man-made burning of the reed swamp vegetation 

along the residual channel. Also trampling 

zones along the lake edge were more 

abundant. However, no archaeological sites 

were discovered in the vicinity. From ca. 9600 

29

B.P. on, the area became more densely forested; 

willow, birch and poplar replaced the 

reed swamps along the residual channels, 

while pine colonised the river dunes. Archaeological 

finds show that early Mesolithic people 

inhabited the area between ca. 9400 and 

9200 B.P. and between ca. 8900–8700 B.P. 

During the earlier period, records of Urtica, 

Plantago and coprophilous fungi may point to 

trampling and/or eutrophication as a result of 

the presence of large herbivores and people 

along the channel shores. After ca. 8700 B.P. 

people probably left the area when open water 

was no longer available in the vicinity. 

2008020089 

巴伐利亚东北部 Dobrudzha 煤田 

Westphalian 晚期 —Stephanian 早期植被变 

化的孢粉证据 = Palynological evidence for 

late Westphalian–early Stephanian vegetation 

change in the Dobrudzha Coalfield, NE Bulgaria. 

( 英文 ). Tatiana K; Christopher J. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 513-524 

The Dobrudzha Coalfield in northeast Bulgaria 

has coal-bearing deposits ranging from 

latest Namurian to early Stephanian age (late 

Bashkirian to Moscovian age). Palynology of 

the coals in the upper Makedonka, Krupen and 

Gurkovo formations has been used to identify 

major changes in the vegetation during late 

Westphalian and early Stephanian times. The 

palynomorphs were grouped in two different 

ways (according to general morphotype and 

according to parent plant group) and stratigraphical 

trends in the two sets of groups used 

to identify vegetation change through the succession. 

Detrended Correspondence Analysis 

was also used to identify ecological relationships 

between the palynofloras. In the upper 

Makedonka and Krupen formations, lycophyte 

spores mostly comprise 15–25 % of the palynofloras 

in the thicker seams, but in the 

thinner coals they can represent up to 55 %. 

Of the other plant groups, ferns are the most 

abundant, representing 31–69 % in the thicker 

seams, 12–41 % in the thinner seams. This 

suggests that the arborescent lycophytes were 

mainly restricted to pioneer vegetation in 

these upland areas, and were replaced by ferns 

as the peat substrates became better developed, 

suggesting better-drained conditions. The 

thinner seams also have a noticeable component 

of sphenophyll spores, indicating significant 

areas of open conditions allowing colonization 

by these scrambling plants. In the 

Gurkovo Formation coals, lycophytes form an 

even smaller part of the palynological spectra, 

usually less than 10 % and in only one sample 

just over 25 %; fern spores make up 43–57 % 

of the palynofloras. This is in contrast to the 

palynofloras reported from contemporaneous 

clastic deposits in South Wales, most of which 

consist mostly of 34–60 % lycophyte spores 

and 14–34 % fern spores. Even more marked 

is the difference from the contemporaneous 

coals formed in lowland settings in the USA, 

which have mostly > 50 % lycophyte spores. 

This evidence suggests that the timing of the 

decline in abundance of arborescent lycophytes 

varied according to elevation above 

sea-level. In lowland coastal settings, the lycophytes 

remained dominant until middle–late 

Cantabrian times, but in more inland areas 

they were progressively replaced mainly by 

arborescent ferns during late Westphalian 

times. 

2008020090 

阿根廷圣胡安中前科第勒拉 Aguada de los 

Azulejitos 地区 Los Espejos 组中 - 上卢德洛 

阶孢型 = Middle-upper Ludlovian palynomorphs 

from the Los Espejos Formation, 

Aguada de los Azulejitos, Central Precordillera, 

San Juan, Argentina.. ( 其他 ). De Baldis 

ED. Ameghiniana, 2000, 37(3): 327-339 

Two prasinophyte and 36 acritarch taxa 

from the lower member of the Los Espejos 

Formation are presented herein. Duvernaysphaera 

oa Loeblich and Wicander and 

Pterospermella verrucaboia Loeblich and Wicander 

of lower Devonian age in USA are 

mentioned for the first time in Argentina. Domasia 

rochesterensis Thusu is reported from 

the Wenlockian of England, Sweden and Canada, 

and Domasia canadensis Thusu from the 

Wenlockian of Canada. A combination: Palaeohystichosphaeridium 

siluricum (Pothe de 

Baldis) nov, comb, is proposed herein. The 

cosmopolitan forms presented here are related 

to those present in Laurentian Devonian North 

American and Devonian Canadian sediments, 

Perigondwanic Ludlovian-Emsian from Spain, 

Upper Ordovician from France and 

Wenlockian from Great Britain. This microflora 

is also related to Australian Upper Devonian 

ones. 

2008020091 

波兰中部 Kujawy 南部地区晚冰期和全新 

世古生态状况及在早期农业活动下的植被 

变化 = Late Glacial and Holocene palaeoecological 

conditions and changes of 

vegetation cover under early farming activity 

30

in the south Kujawy region (Central Poland). 

( 英文 ). Nalepka D. Acta Palaeobotanica, 

2005, Supplement(6): 3-90 

The Late Glacial and Holocene vegetation 

development in the environs of the Osłonki 

region is reconstructed through pollen analysis. 

The Late Glacial sediments include the 

chronozones from part of the Bølling to the 

Younger Dryas. The Holocene section, even 

though the record of plant succession is not 

continuous, starts with the Preboreal, followed 

by part of the Boreal, and then includes the 

decline of the Atlantic, part of the Subboreal 

and only a few fragments of the Subatlantic. 

On the basis of pollen analysis, early Neolithic 

farming in the Osłonki region is described. 

Pollen data combined with archaeological evidence 

and radiocarbon dating permit the recognition 

and characterization of human influence 

on the local plant cover by settlers of the 

Linear Pottery culture, Lengyel culture, and 

Globular Amphorae culture. Numerical analysis 

helps to correlate the palynologically investigated 

material. Pollen percentage maps 

for the taxa distribution of Juniperus communis 

at the Younger Dryas chronozone and Cerealia 

undiff., Poaceae, Juniperus communis, 

Quercus, Pinus sylvestris and Artemisia at the 

younger part of Atlantic chronozone are plotted 

for the Kujawy region. 

2008020092 

保加利亚东北部 Dobrudzha 煤田自 

Westphalian 晚期到 Stephanian 早期植被 

变化的孢粉证据 = Palynological evidence 

for late Westphalian–early Stephanian vegetation 

change in the Dobrudzha Coalfield, NE 

Bulgaria. ( 英文 ). Dimitrova T K; Clear C J. 

Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 513-524 

The Dobrudzha Coalfield in northeast Bulgaria 

has coal-bearing deposits ranging from 

latest Namurian to early Stephanian age (late 

Bashkirian to Moscovian age). Palynology of 

the coals in the upper Makedonka, Krupen and 

Gurkovo formations has been used to identify 

major changes in the vegetation during late 

Westphalian and early Stephanian times. The 

palynomorphs were grouped in two different 

ways (according to general morphotype and 

according to parent plant group) and stratigraphical 

trends in the two sets of groups used 

to identify vegetation change through the succession. 

Detrended Correspondence Analysis 

was also used to identify ecological relationships 

between the palynofloras. In the upper 

Makedonka and Krupen formations, lycophyte 

spores mostly comprise 15–25 % of the palynofloras 

in the thicker seams, but in the 

thinner coals they can represent up to 55 %. 

Of the other plant groups, ferns are the most 

abundant, representing 31–69 % in the thicker 

seams, 12–41 % in the thinner seams. This 

suggests that the arborescent lycophytes were 

mainly restricted to pioneer vegetation in 

these upland areas, and were replaced by ferns 

as the peat substrates became better developed, 

suggesting better-drained conditions. The 

thinner seams also have a noticeable component 

of sphenophyll spores, indicating significant 

areas of open conditions allowing colonization 

by these scrambling plants. In the 

Gurkovo Formation coals, lycophytes form an 

even smaller part of the palynological spectra, 

usually less than 10 % and in only one sample 

just over 25 %; fern spores make up 43–57 % 

of the palynofloras. This is in contrast to the 

palynofloras reported from contemporaneous 

clastic deposits in South Wales, most of which 

consist mostly of 34–60 % lycophyte spores 

and 14–34 % fern spores. Even more marked 

is the difference from the contemporaneous 

coals formed in lowland settings in the USA, 

which have mostly > 50 % lycophyte spores. 

This evidence suggests that the timing of the 

decline in abundance of arborescent lycophytes 

varied according to elevation above 

sea-level. In lowland coastal settings, the lycophytes 

remained dominant until middle–late 

Cantabrian times, but in more inland areas 

they were progressively replaced mainly by 

arborescent ferns during late Westphalian 

times. 

2008020093 

云南鹤庆盆地末次盛冰期的孢粉记录与古 

季风 = The last glacier maximal pollen record 

in the lake sediments from ancient Heqing 

lake and its significance for palaeomonsoon. 

( 中文 ). 蒋雪中 ; 羊向东 ; 王苏民 ; 童国榜 . 微体 

古生物学报 , 2001, 18(3): 263-267 

通过研究相当于末次盛冰期鹤庆古湖泊 

沉积物 4.6- 9.0m 段的孢粉记录 , 对该区末次 

盛冰期阶段的植被与古季风变迁模式进行 

了恢复。该区末次盛冰期冷湿的气候特点 

与同时期东部干旱的草原植被、青藏高原 

的荒漠植被和黄土高原区风尘堆积存在明 

显差异 , 而与滇池的气候记录有较好的一致 

性。冰期内部的气候波动与深海氧同位素 

记录也有较好的可比性。冰期冷锋强度的 

增加 , 与北方冬季风的经常入侵和冰期青藏 

高原的冷源效应有关。 

31

2008020094 

冀中拗陷早第三纪孢粉组合及地质时代讨 

论 = Early Tertiary sporopollen assemblages 

from Jizhong depression and their stratigraphic 

implication. ( 中文 ). 陶明华 ; 王开发 ; 

郑国光 ; 支崇远 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 

18(3): 274-292 

本文在对 700 余口井的 30 000 余块样品 

的分析数据进行系统整理 , 结合近年来地 

层研究最新成果 , 对冀中拗陷早第三纪孢 

粉化石群基本特征进行了系统研究 , 划分 

出十个组合带和十二个组合亚带 , 使之与 

精细地层研究工作相适应 , 从而更有地服 

务于生产实践和深入地进行地区地质分 

析。在参考构造 , 沉积、古气候、海平面 

变化 , 以及其它门类化石资料的基础上 , 

对孢粉化石群产层的地质时代属性 , 以及 

下第三系内部的几条重要年代地层界线进 

行了讨论。同时 , 还对我国范围内其它区 

域相关问题进行了讨论。本文首次在 “ 阶 ” 

的层次上 , 较系统地将中国陆相盆地下第 

三系与国际年代地层序列接轨。 

2008020095 

我国部分地区 E13-E21 孢粉属种演变的古 

气候意义 = Palaeoclimatic implication of the 

development of palynological species and 

genera from the Late Paleocene to the Early 

Eocene in some areas, China. ( 中文 ). 蒋汉朝 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(4): 412-418 

通过对我国部分地区古新世晚期 - 始新世 

早期孢粉植物群演化发展规律的分析研究 , 

结合国内外地层学研究的新进展 , 提出我国 

古新世晚期气候以暖湿为特征 , 且暖期的结 

束与始新世 / 古新世界限相吻合或接近 , 因此 

可以本次暖期的结束作为古新世的顶界。 

2008020096 

香港壕涌遗址孢粉、植硅石组合及其环境 

考古 = Pollen and phytolith assemblage and 

archaeological implications in the Hochung 

site, Hongkong. ( 中文 ). 黄翡 ; 裴安平 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2001, 18(4): 398-405 1 图版 . 

香港壕涌遗址孢粉、植硅石组合表明 : 自 

新石器时期以来该遗址周围植被以热带一 

亚热带蕨类植物为主 ; 草本植物以禾本科、 

莎草、藜科等为主 ; 在遗址附近的高地及山 

坡上生长了常绿阔叶林 , 其成分包括 : 阿丁枫 

香属 (Altingia)、栲属 (Castanopsis)、常绿栎 

(evergreen Quercus)、棕榈 (Palmae) 等 ; 植被 

面貌是人类活动干扰的结果 . 新石期时期 , 遗 

址受海水影响 , 人类活动以采集、捕捞为主 ; 

唐宋时期 , 禾本科花粉及典型水稻硅酸体的 

大量出现 , 反映了稻作农业的发展及人类生 

存方式的改变 . 

2008020097 

从孢粉组合论证松辽盆地泉头组的地质时 

代及上、下白垩统界线 = Palynoflora from 

the Quantou Formation of Songliao Basin, NE 

China and its bearing on the Upper-Lower 

Cretaceous boundary. ( 中文 ). 黎文本 . 古生物 

学报 , 2001, 40(2): 153-176 5 图版 . 

松辽盆地发育我国最好的白垩纪地层 , 岩 

石地层系统早已确立 , 但年代地层系统仍存 

不少争议。泉头组时代的确定是解决盆地 

内上、下白垩统界线的关键。泉头组上部 

孢粉化石丰富 , 孢粉组合以频繁出现 

Quantonenpollenites crassatus, 及 

Schizaeoisporites, Asterisporites, Foraminisporis, 

Cibotiidites 等属孢子 , Quantonenpollenites 

tarimensis 及被子植物花粉 

Cranwellia , Scollardia , Lythraites, Xinjiangpollis 

等少量出现为主要特征 , 与塔里木盆地 

库克拜组上段的孢粉组合可以比较 , 时代应 

为土仑期。泉头组为一套连续沉积 , 与其下 

的登楼库组 ( 阿尔必期 ) 为平行不整合关系。 

泉头组下部的孢粉组合中被子植物花粉的 

分异度尚低 , 但已有相当含量 ( 最高达 

30.3% ), 可与塔里木盆地库克拜组中、下段 

的孢粉组合比较 , 时代为赛诺曼期。孢粉化 

石的研究表明 , 松辽盆地上、下白垩统的界 

线应在泉头组的底界 , 即泉头组与登楼库组 

之间 , 而不是在泉头组的顶界。文内描述 1 

新种 : Interulobites radialimbosus sp. nov., 5 

新组合 : Neoraistrickia rareverrucosa 

(Chlonova) comb. nov., Asterisporites montanensis 

(Tschudy) comb. nov., Cranwellia striatella 

(Mtschedlishvili) comb. nov., Quantonenpollenites 

causea (Stover) comb. nov., 

Quantomenpollenites tarimensis (Zhang et 

Zhan) comb. nov., 并修订 Yichangsporites 和 

Quantonenpollenites 属的特征。 

2008020098 

吉林安图县早白垩世屯田营组孢粉组合 = 

An earliest Cretaceous palynological assemblage 

from the Tuntianyin Formation in Antu, 

Jilin Province. ( 中文 ). 黎文本 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(4): 450-456 2 图版 . 

吉林省安图县明月镇屯田营组上部的孢 

粉化石组合以含大量松柏类各种两气囊花 

粉 , 伴以少量 Schizaeoisporites, Fixisporites, 

Cicatricosisporites 等属孢子为特征 , 组合面 

32

貌与辽西义县组下部尖山沟层的组合一致 , 

时代属早白垩世贝利亚斯期 , 整个屯田营组 

只相当于义县组的下部 , 缺乏与义县组上部 

相当的地层。 

2008020099 

江苏句容白垩纪葛村组花粉一新属及其地 

史分布 = Gecunpollis gen.nov.from Cretaceous 

Gecun Formation of Jurong area in Jiangsu, 

and its distribution. ( 中文 ). 周山富 ; 王 

伟铭 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(4): 457-462 1 图 

版 . 

建立并描述新属葛村粉 (Gecunpollis gen. 

nov.) 及其 3 新种和 1 比较种。新属以球 

形、远极具大口 , 口上盖有薄膜为特征 , 产于 

苏南句容地区句 11 井葛村组下部上段至中 

上部。其可能属于一种已灭绝的裸子植物 

花粉 , 分布时代为晚 Barremian 晚期至 

Aptian 期。葛村组以往被归属为 Aptian 期 

至 Albian 期 , 句 11 井下部出现棒纹粉带表 

明 , 完整的葛村组应为晚 Barremian 期至 

Albian 期。 

2008020100 

塔里木盆地北部早白垩世孢粉组合 = Early 

Cretaceous palynoflora from northern Tarim 

Basin. ( 中文 ). 黎文本 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(1): 28-45 6 图版 . 

根据建组剖面和 4 个钻井剖面舒善河组 

孢粉化石的研究 , 建立 5 个孢粉组合 , 自老 

而新为 Classopollis- Schizaeoisporites 组合 , 

Classopollis 高含量组合 , Classopollis- Dicheiropollis 

组合 , Classopollis- Dicheiropollis- 

Lygodium- sporites 组合和 Dicheiropollis 

高含量组合。根据舒善河组出现多种海金 

沙科孢子及该组底部含大量 Schizaeoisporitescertus, 

上部产丰富的 

Dicheiropollisetruscus 的事实 , 确定舒善河组 

的时代为早白垩世早期。描述 3 新种 : Lygodiumsporites 

equilabiatus sp. nov., Impardecispora 

delicata sp. nov. 和 

Lygodioisporites tarimensis sp. nov.。 

2008020101 

塔里木盆地北部晚泥盆世孢子组合 = Upper 

Devonian spores from the North Tarim Basin, 

NW China. ( 中文 ). 朱怀诚 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(2): 159-176 5 图版 . 

塔里木盆地北部草 2 井东河塘组产丰富 

的、保存完好的孢子化石 , 计 37 属 73 种 , 

据此建立 Apiculire tusispora hunanensis- 

Ancyrospora furcula (HF) 孢子组合带。对一 

些孢子的已知地质分布记录及其与西欧和 

塔西南晚泥盆世孢子组合带序列的对比讨 

论 , 表明 HF 孢子带的时代为晚泥盆世法门 

期 , 大致与爱尔兰晚泥盆世 LL+LE 孢子带 

时代相当。描述孢子 3 新种 , 图示孢子 61 

种。 

2008020102 

孟加拉国巴拉普库利亚煤矿上 Dupi Tila 组 

新近纪孢粉植物群 = A Neogene palynoflora 

from the Upper Dupi Tila (UDT) formation in 

barapukulia coalmine, Bangladesh. ( 中文 ). 李 

建国 ; 张一勇 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 189- 

196 2 图版 . 

标本采自孟加拉国北部巴拉普库利亚煤 

矿晚第三纪上 DupiTila 组 , 孢粉化石组合中 

被子植物花粉占优势 , 其次是蕨类孢子 , 裸 

子植物花粉较少且类型单调 ; 被子植物花粉 

中棕榈科花粉特别繁盛 , 草本植物花粉含量 

比较丰富 , 主要是禾本科和蓼科花粉。通过 

与现代植物亲缘关系的对比 , 推断当时该区 

主要生长有木本棕榈科、蕨类植物及草本 

被子植物。植被反映当时气候炎热、降水 

量充沛 , 可能是一种热带森林沼泽环境。该 

孢粉组合与印度 Assam 盆地和 Siwalik 盆地 

相应地层所产孢粉组合可以对比 , 时代为晚 

中新世至上新世。综合分析表明 , 晚中新世 

至上新世孟加拉国北部地势较平坦 , 与印度 

北部 Siwalik 盆地可能已有较大的地势差 

异。 

2008020103 

江苏句容宝华山全新世中晚期的花粉与环 

境 = Study on pollen analysis and palaeoenvironments 

in Baohuashan Mt. of Jurong 

County, Jiangsu Province. ( 中文 ). 韩辉友 ; 李 

升峰 ; 张立新 ; 周曙 ; 张建新 ; 吴胜光 ; 王富葆 . 

古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 295-300 

根据宝华山华山口和官塘头两个剖面的 

花粉、地层资料 , 结合植物大化石和 

14 C 年代资料 , 揭示该地区从 >6 700— 5 

600aBP 为稳定的温暖湿润时期 ; 自 5 600— 

5 100aBP 为全新世中期气候的转型时期 , 冷 

暖干湿变化较大 , 前期转凉 , 旱涝频繁 , 中期 

暖湿 , 后期转冷 ; 大约从 4 400— 4 000aBP 

又变为稳定的暖湿气候。还根据自然保护 

区现代植被与花粉的关系和与植物大化石 

共生的沉积物花粉 , 阐明长江下游新石器时 

代以来 , 因受人为影响 , 其地区青冈栎与栲 

的花粉之和占孢粉总数的 10.0 % 左右便可 

能有中亚热带性质的森林存在。本地区的 

沉积特征表明 : 侵蚀和次生黄土堆积反映不 

33

稳定气候 , 与海面下降相关 ; 淤泥、泥炭堆 

积阶段为温暖湿润气候 , 受海面升高影响。 

此情况在长江下游具有一定代表性。 

2008020104 

山西柳林孙家沟组孢粉植物群 = Palynoflora 

from the Sunjiagou Formation in 

Liulin County, Shanxi Province. ( 中文 ). 侯静 

鹏 ; 欧阳舒 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 356- 

368 3 图版 . 

记述山西晚二叠世晚期孙家沟组的丰富 

孢粉植物群 , 计有 57 属 109 种 ( 包括相似种 

和未定种 ), 论孢粉植物群的性质 : 西欧镁灰 

岩组分子为主体 , 有相当数量的安加拉 - 亚 

安加拉 ( 如新疆北部 ) 成分参与 , 有少量华夏 

植物群的残留分子。 

2008020105 

西藏佩枯错 13000-5000aB.P. 植被与环境 = 

Vegetation and climate between 13 ka to5 ka 

B.P. in Peiku Co,Tibet. ( 中文 ). 黄翡 . 古生物 

学报 , 2000, 39(3): 441-448 

青藏高原的强烈上升对北半球大气环流 

起重要作用并控制东亚季风的形成和发 

展。西藏佩枯错 13ka- 5ka B.P. 高密度样品 

孢粉分析表明 : 约 12 500 aB.P. 湿度加强 , 区 

域性植被中雪松占优势 , 莎草草原大发展 ; 

约 10 760 aB.P. 气候冷干 , 莎草草原分布范 

围减少 , 雪松成分降低 , 可能与欧洲 Younger 

Dryas 事件相当 ; 10 000 aB.P. 左右是本区气 

候变化的转折点 , 湿度迅速增加 , 沙棘增多 , 

雪松林占优势 ; 9 125— 8 600 aB.P. 莎草草原 

中灌丛成分增加 , 除沙棘外 , 有柳、锦鸡 

儿、杜鹃等 ; 10 000—6 800 a.B.P. 干旱逐渐 

加强 , 约 6 800 aB.P. 达干旱高峰 ; 8 600—6 

800 aB.P. 间气候冷干 , 禾草、蒿草草原取代 

莎草草原 , 草原植被中藜科、麻黄、白刺增 

多 , 区域性植被松、高山栎、铁杉林占优势 ; 

6 800— 6 635 aB.P. 间湖水淡化 , 水生植物狐 

尾藻、莕菜等有出现 ; 佩枯错 13ka— 5 

kaB.P. 间出现 3 次湿润高峰 , 它们分别为 : 

12.5 ka、10 ka、6 kaB.P.。湿度的增加可能 

与夏季风的加强有关。 

2008020106 

新疆玛纳斯河畔红沟剖面西山窑组和头屯 

河组孢粉组合及地层意义 = Sporopollen 

assemblages from the Xishanyao and Toutunhe 

Formations at the Honggou section of 

the Manasi River, Xinjiang and their stratigraphical 

significance. ( 中文 ). 黄嫔 ; 李建国 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(2): 170-193 4 图 

版 . 

本文系统地研究了新疆玛纳斯河红沟剖 

面西山窑组和头屯河组孢粉化石 , 共计 51 属 

108 种。根据孢粉属种组成及其含量的变化 , 

自下而上分为 2 套组合 : 1.Cyathidites- 

Neoraistrisckia-Disacciatrileti(CND) 组合 , 

2.Cyathidites-Disacciatrileti- 

Classopollis(CDC) 组合。依据组合中一些重 

要分子的地质时限讨论及其与相关组合的 

对比 , 将 “CND” 组合的地质时代归为中侏罗 

世早期 ,“CDC” 组合归为中侏罗世晚期。在 

综合分析和对比新疆一些地区中侏罗世孢 

粉组合的基础上 , 自下而上建立了 2 个孢粉 

组合带 , 即 :Cyathidites-Neoraistrisckia- 

Quadraeculina-Cycadopites(CNQC) 组合带 , 

Cyathidites-Quadraeculina-Classopollis(CQC) 

组合带。 

2008020107 

太湖平原西北部全新世以来植被与环境变 

化 = Holocene vegetation and environment 

changes in the NW Taihu Plain, Jiangsu Province, 

East China. ( 中文 ). 舒军武 ; 王伟铭 ; 陈炜 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(2): 210-221 

太湖平原西北部卜弋桥 Zk01 孔上部 8m 

地层孢粉资料显示该地区自全新世以来植 

被与气候主要经历了三个阶段 :1)11 000—9 

500cal.aB.P., 地带性植被为壳斗科为主的亚 

热带常绿落叶针阔混交林。森林成分以栎 

属 (Quercus)、青冈属 (Cyclobalanopsis)、栗 

属 (Castanea) 、栲属 (Castanopsis)/ 石栎属 

(Lithocarpus) 和松属 (Pinus) 为主 , 同时混生有 

少量的枫香属 (Liquidambar) 、冬青属 

(Ilex)、水青冈属 (Fagus)、桦属 (Betula)、榆 

属 (Ulmus) 等乔灌木。本阶段孢粉浓度较高 , 

气候较温暖湿润 , 为早全新世升温期 ;2)9 

500—3 900cal.aB.P., 植被演替为中亚热带性 

质的常绿阔叶林。此阶段特别是 8 

000cal.aB.P. 以来 , 植被以青冈属为主的常绿 

分子获得大发展为特点。当时森林繁茂 , 气 

候暖湿且较为稳定 , 对应于中全新世大暖期 

( 适宜期 );3)3 900cal.aB.P. 以来 , 森林植被表 

现为次生性质的亚热带针阔混交林。青冈 

属、栎属骤减 , 松属、禾本科 (Poaceae) 及水 

龙骨科 (Polypodiaceae) 含量明显增升。本阶 

段孢粉浓度减为最低 , 据研究区周边的孢粉 

资料推测此时期气候温凉湿润。本阶段晚 

期森林植被受到人类的干扰 , 与人类活动密 

切相关的农作物如禾本科 (35—45μm)、十 

字花科和菊科等花粉类型含量持续增多 , 表 

34

明研究区自全新世晚期以来出现了明显的 

人类活动的迹象。Zk01 钻孔点位处古河道 , 

磁化率和粒度证据揭示了研究点沉积环境 

全新世早期为河流相 , 水动力较强 , 中期水动 

力条件显著增强 , 晚期减弱。最后 , 结合孢粉 

资料和沉积环境简述了植被变化与沉积环 

境之间的关联。 

2008020108 

新疆塔里木拜城地区早白垩世舒善河组孢 

粉组合 = Early Cretaceous sporopollen assemblages 

from the Shushanhe Formation in 

Baicheng area of the Tarim Basin,Xinjiang. 

( 中文 ). 江德昕 ; 王永栋 ; 何卓生 ; 董凯林 . 微体 

古生物学报 , 2007, 24(3): 247-260 3 图版 . 

基于新疆塔里木盆地北部拜城卡普沙良 

河剖面下白垩统舒善河组发现的 29 属 48 

种孢子花粉的研究 , 建立舒善河组自下而上 

的 4 个孢粉亚组合 , 分别为 Classopollis- 

Cycadopites-Lygodioisporites- 

Biretisporites(CCLB) 亚组合 , Classopollis- 

Dicheiropollis-Schizaeoisporites- 

Klukisporites(CDSK) 亚组合 , Classopollis- 

Dicheiropollis-Parvisaccites- 

Lygodiumsporites(CDPL) 亚组合和 

Classopollis-Dicheiropollis-Pinuspollenites- 

Impardecispora(CDPI) 亚组合。舒善河组孢 

粉植物群以松柏类掌鳞杉科植物占优势以 

及真蕨类海金沙科的繁盛为主要特征。该 

孢粉植物群与欧洲、亚洲、美洲和澳大利 

亚早白垩世尼欧克姆期孢粉植物群可以对 

比。根据孢粉学证据 , 舒善河组的时代属于 

尼欧克姆期或欧特里夫期至巴列姆期。 

2008020109 

西藏和北极巴罗地区菊科植物几个属的花 

粉 = A preliminary study on comparative pollen 

morphology of compositae and its origination 

from Tibet and Barrow. ( 中文 ). 刘惠 ; 唐 

领余 ; 张小平 ; 周忠泽 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 

24(3): 292-301 2 图版 . 

对西藏和北极巴罗地区菊科 4 个属 ( 蒿 

属、飞蓬属、风毛菊属和千里光属 )17 个种 

的花粉形态进行了光学和扫描电子显微镜 

的观察、比较。结果表明这两个地区菊科 4 

个属的花粉粒大多为球形或近球形 , 少数是 

扁球形或长球形。萌发孔的类型均为三孔 

沟。但在花粉大小、萌发孔形状、外壁厚 

度以及表面纹饰等方面存在差异。通过对 

这两个地区菊科植物花粉形态的观察有可 

能为菊科分化、迁移 , 以及化石孢粉的研究 

提供参考资料。 

2008020110 

中国西北地区松科和柏科气孔器形态 = 

Morphology of stomata of pinaceae and cupressaceae 

from Northwestern China. ( 中文 ). 

万和文 ; 沈吉 ; 唐领余 ; 李春海 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2007, 24(3): 309-319 2 图版 . 

现代针叶树气孔器的研究为鉴定化石气 

孔器奠定了基础 , 对第四纪植被变化和古气 

候的研究起着很重要的作用 , 是第四纪孢粉 

学的一个重要补充。本文运用常规的标准 

的孢粉分析方法 , 对中国西北地区常见的松 

科 3 属 8 种和柏科 3 属 4 种植物气孔器进 

行了观察分析。结果表明凭气孔器大小可 

以区分松科与柏科。利用气孔器大小、T 

型结构的形状、上部木质片与气孔器茎之 

间的夹角进行属的鉴别 , 再结合茎的长 

度、宽度、中间木质部的宽、T 型外角度 

和上部木质片外缘形状等可以进行种的鉴 

别 , 并编制了一个初步的检索表。 

2008020111 

新疆阿图什市木吉地区木吉群孢粉化石的 

发现 = Discovery of sporopollen fossils in the 

Muji Group in the Muji area, Artux City, Xinjiang, 

China. ( 中文 ). 姚建新 ; 肖序常 ; 侯静鹏 ; 

白典 ; 王世炎 ; 纪占胜 ; 武桂春 . 地质通 

报 , 2007, 26(1): 77-80 

新疆维吾尔自治区阿图什市木吉地区邻 

近帕米尔 , 是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞挤 

压应力最集中的地区 , 地层变质和变形强 

烈 , 研究基础薄弱。木吉群由变质砂岩、 

板岩、千杖岩、石英岩、钙质石英岩、变 

粒岩、二云石英片岩、大理岩等组成 , 一 

直未发现任何化石。最近 , 笔者在木吉乡 

的喀拉足克沟和阿拉木陶沟的粉砂岩、钙 

质粉砂岩中发现了一些植物管胞片和孢粉 

化石 :Granulatisporites sp., Cycloranisporites 

sp., Verrucosisporites sp., 

Pityosporites sp. Punetatosporites sp., Leiotriletes 

sp., Apiculatisporites sp., Platysaccus 

sp., Cycodopites sp. 等。从地层接触关 

系和孢粉化石的整体面貌看 , 木吉地区含 

上述孢粉化石的木吉群的时代可能为泥盆 

纪 - 石炭纪。 

2008020112 

非洲东北部植被在新近纪晚期变化的生物 

标志记录 = Biomarker records of late Neogene 

changes in northeast African vegetation. 

( 英文 ). Feakins S J; deMenocal P B; Eglinton 

T I. Geology, 2005, 33(12): 977-980 

35

Open savannah grasslands (dominated by 

C 4 plants) became a significant component of 

northeast African vegetation during the late 

Neogene. We present molecule-specific carbon 

isotopic measurements of terrestrial plant 

biomarkers preserved in marine sediments off 

northeast Africa that allow reconstruction of 

orbital-scale vegetation changes in short time 

windows over the past 9.4 m.y. The biomarker 

data show large-amplitude vegetation variability 

as early as 3.8 Ma, with the greatest C 4 

expansion occurring after 3.4 Ma. We sampled 

orbital-scale oscillations of up to 5 , almost as 

large as the observed late Neogene range of 7 , 

suggesting that large and repeated oscillations 

between more open and more closed landscapes 

were an important aspect of northeast 

African vegetation change during the past 4 

m.y. 

疑源类 

2008020113 

黔东早 - 中寒武世凯里组疑源类组合及其界 

线意义 = Acritarch assemblages from the 

Early - Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation of 

East Guizhou Province and biostratigraphic 

implication. ( 中文 ). 杨瑞东 ; 尹磊明 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2001, 18(1): 55-69 1 图版 . 

通过对台江八郎和丹寨平寨两条剖面凯 

里组中疑源类化石的分析、研究 , 台江剖面 

产疑源类化石有 17 属 35 种 (12 未定种 ), 其 

中以 Leiosphaeridia, Synsphaeridium, Cymatiosphaera, 

Pterospermella 最为丰富 ; 可划分 

为 3 个组合 , 即 Cymatiosphaera cf. cristata- 

Fimbriaglomerella membrancea 组合 , 

Cristallinium- Micrhystridium - Pterospermella 

组合和 Dictyotidium- Granomarginata 

组合。丹寨平寨剖面凯里组所产疑源类化 

石有 13 属 21 种 (5 未定种 ), 同样划分为 3 个 

组合 , 即 Leiosphaeridia- Tasmanites 组合 , 

Retisphaeridium- Micrhystridium tentatium 组 

合和 Baltisphaeridium - Bubomorpha hunjiangensis 

组合。本文对两条剖面中的疑源类 

化石的组成、相对含量做了详细的统计 , 发 

现在八郎剖面 9- 2 层和平寨剖面 3 层疑源 

类的丰度、分异度开始发生明显变化 , 表 

现由早寒武世向中寒武世疑源类组合面貌 

的转变 , 这一疑源类转变层位正好是与三 

叶虫划分的中、下寒武统的层位位置相一 

致。这充分表明疑源类化石可作为划分 

中、下寒武统的极有价值的微体生物化石 

证据。 

2008020114 

早奥陶世疑源类埋藏后的形体及纹饰变化 

= Possible influences of taphonomic factors 

on shape and ornamentation of fossil acritarchs 

from Early Ordovician. ( 中文 ). 许玩宏 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(1): 97-101 1 图版 . 

赖以鉴定的疑源类化石仅保留下褶皱的 

囊壁而原生质已流失 , 由于成岩过程中围岩 

挤压或有机质壳壁干水收缩而使化石轮 

廓、纹饰发生变化应普遍可见。本文以作 

者在贵州三都地区阿仑尼克期地层发现的 

Striatotheca principalis 保存形态连续变化系 

列为基础 , 论述埋藏作用对疑源类保存形态 

的影响 , 这是利用埋藏学资料防止属种误订 

的一个典型示例 , 对疑源类属种的正确鉴定 

有重要的意义。 

2008020115 

华南陡山沱 - Pertatataka 疑源类的多样性 

和绝灭 : 起因和生物地层意义 = The diversification 

and extinction of Doushantuo- 

Pertatataka acritarchs in South China: causes 

and biostratigraphic significance. ( 英文 ). 

Zhou Chuanming;Xie Guwei;McFadden K; 

Xiao Shuhai; Yuan Xunlai. Geological Journal, 

2007, 42(3-4): 229-262 

The Ediacaran Period immediately follows 

the last Cryogenian glaciation - the 635 Ma 

Mari-noan or Nantuo glaciation, and it is also 

punc-tuated by another brief glaciation - the 

582 Ma Gaskiers glaciation. It is possible that 

these glaciations may have had significant 

impact on Ediacaran biological evolution (e.g. 

the appearance or disappearance of Doushantuo-Pertatataka 

acritarchs). Alternative hypotheses 

propose that the diversification of 

Doushan-tuo-Pertatataka acritarchs was 

caused by the Acraman bolide impact or by 

emerging eumetazoans. To test these hypotheses, 

high-resolution geochronological and biostrati-graphic 

data are required. The Doushantuo 

Formation in South China, radiometrically 

constrained between 635 and 551 Ma, has the 

potential to clarify the global picture of earlymiddle 

Ediacaran evolution. Here we present 

preliminary biostratigraphic data from the 

Doushantuo Formation in the East Yangtze 

Gorges area and new 13C chemostratigraphic 

data from the Doushantuo Formation at 

Weng'an. These and previously published palaeontological 

data, aided by the tool of 13C 

chemostratigraphy, indicate that the biostratigraphic 

record of the Doushantuo Formation 

is locally sensitive to the availability of specific 

taphonomic windows. In the East Yangtze 

Gorges area, Doushantuo-Pertatataka acri- 

36

tarchs first appeared shortly after the termination 

of the Nantuo glaciation and gradually 

diversified throughout the Doushantuo Formation. 

At Weng'an, however, such acritarchs 

first appear - abruptly and in much greater 

diversity - in phosphorite of the upper Doushantuo 

Formation, immediately above a 

subaerial exposure surface. Thus, the biostratigraphic 

pattern in the East Yangtze 

Gorges area permits, whereas that at Weng'an 

apparently disallows, a causal relationship 

between the Nantuo glaciation and the diversification 

of Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs. 

We conclude that the biostratigraphic record is 

incomplete at Weng'an, where the early Ediacaran 

evolutionary history is not preserved. 

The South China data indicate that special 

attention has to be paid to taphonomic and 

palaeoenvironmental analysis before extrapolating 

local and regional biostratigraphic 

ranges to make global interpretations. 

It is less clear when Doushantuo-Pertatataka 

acritarchs disappeared. Previous investigators 

have variously suggested that they disappeared 

before, at, or after, the Gaskiers glaciation. 

These hypotheses are difficult to test because 

of the lack of sedimentary evidence for 

the Gaskiers glaciation in South China and 

other regions (e.g. South Australia) where 

Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs are abundant. 

In Australia, Doushantuo-Pertatataka 

acritarchs are thought to have experienced a 

sharp decline after the Egan glaciation, which 

may well be equivalent to the Gaskiers glaciation. 

If true, then Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs 

are largely restricted to the interval between 

the Nantuo and Gaskiers glaciations. 

This conclusion allows us to place constraints 

on the possible causes of the diversification 

and extinction of Doushantuo-Pertatataka acritarchs 

and has important implications for the 

biostratigraphic significance of Doushantuo- 

Pertatataka acritarchs. 

2008020116 

疑源类 Tianzhushania 在贵州瓮安震旦纪 

陡山沱组磷块岩中的发现 = Discovery of 

Tianzhushania in Doushantuo phosphorites in 

Weng'an, Guizhou Province. ( 中文 ). 尹崇玉 ; 

高林志 ; 邢裕盛 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(4): 

497-504 2 图版 . 

首次报道贵州瓮安地区震旦系陡山沱组 

磷块岩中的大型具刺疑源类 Tianzhushania 

spinosa 及其新种 Tianzhushania tuberifera 

sp. nov.。前者形态特征及内部结构与湖北 

峡东地区震旦系陡山沱组燧石结核中发现 

的典型 Tianzhushania spinosa 标本 ( 硅化 ) 完 

全相同 , 但多数未遭受重力挤压呈球形保 

存。新种特征明显 , 也呈球形保存 , 但内层 

表面具有明显瘤突 , 瘤突顶端向外延伸出单 

一或多条管状刺。另外还探讨大型具刺疑 

源类 Tianzhushania 属的特征 , 已定种的地理 

分布、地层意义和亲缘关系。 

2008020117 

长城系串岭沟组球形疑源类的超微结构 = 

Ultrastructure of spheroidal acritarchs from 

the Chuanlinggou Formation of the Changcheng 

System. ( 中文 ). 彭永波 ; 王丹 ; 袁训来 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(2): 194-204 2 图 

版 . 

中国天津蓟县古元古代长城系串岭沟组 

页岩中保存有丰富的球形疑源类化石。本 

文对这一微化石组合进行了光学生物显微 

镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜的 

对比研究。研究发现 , 以往一些被作为属征 

的结构 , 如 , 膜壳壁的厚薄、网状纹饰和褶 

皱等 , 很可能是生物降解和成岩作用的结 

果。因此 , 以前描述的 10 个不同属的球形 

疑源类的系统分类有待于重新研究和厘定 , 

也许把它们都归入光面球藻属 

Leiosphaeridia 更合适。在透射电子显微镜 

下观察 , 球形疑源类壁的超微结构一致 , 都分 

为三层 , 中间层为电子密度低的较厚层 , 内 

层和外层为电子密度高的较薄层。这一特 

征与现生绿藻非常类似而与蓝藻包鞘明显 

不同 , 表明串岭沟组的球形疑源类可能与绿 

藻有较近的亲缘关系。 

2008020118 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯 La Ballenera 河全 

新世沿岸沉积非硅质藻类和疑源类 = Non 

siliceous algae and acritarchs from the Holocene 

coastal deposits at the La Ballenera 

Creek, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ( 其他 ). Borel 

C M. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 359-366 

The palynological analysis of the Holocene 

sequence that crops out at arroyo La Ballenera 

(38 degrees 19' S; 57 degrees 57' W), southeastern 

littoral of Buenos Aires province, allows 

the establishment of three zones (LB-1, 

LB-2, LB-3) and two subzones (LB-3a and b). 

This analysis is based on non-pollen aquatic 

palynomorphs: algae (Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta 

and Dinoflagellata), invertebrate remains 

and acritarchs. The chlorophycean algae 

consist of colonies of Botryococcus 

braunii Kutzing, zygospores of Zygnemataceae 

(Mougeotia sp., Spirogyra sp. I and Spi- 

37

ogyra sp. 2) and phycomas of Prasinophyceae. 

Cyanophycean sheets of Gloeotrichia sp. 

are rare. The assemblages also contain nonmarine 

dinoflagellate cysts of affinity with a 

peridinioid genus. The acritarchs are represented 

by Cobricosphaeridium spp. (probably 

copepod or anostracod eggs), Micrhystridium 

sp. and other species defined under an open 

nomenclature. Between 6,790 - 6,300 C-14 yr. 

B.P., these palynomorphs show the beginning 

of marine influence in the site and reveal a 

marsh enviromnent in close relation with shallow 

freshwater habitats. Between 6,300 C-14 - 

ca. 5,600 C-14 yr. B.P. the presence of dinocysts 

of Peridinioideae, Gloeotrichia and Botryococcus 

indicate the development of a marginal 

brackish water body, oligotrophic to 

mesotrophic, of low energy, with a considerable 

freshwater influence. From 5,600 C-14 yr. 

B.P. to 4,700 C-14 yr. B.P. the algae and acritarchs 

reflect an increase of salinity, related 

with a major marine influence. After ca. 4,700 

C-14 yr. B.P. Cobricosphaeridium is present 

along with Botryococcus and other acritarchs, 

indicating a coastal, unstable water body of 

lower salinity than the aforementioned zone. 

牙形石 

2008020119 

泰国半岛南部萨顿地区奥陶纪的牙形类 = 

Ordovician conodonts from the Satun area, 

southern peninsular Thailand. ( 英文 ). Agematsu 

S; Sashida K. Journal of Paleontology, 

2007, 81(1): 19-37 6 图版 . 

Well-preserved Ordovician conodonts are 

described from a micritic limestone sequence 

exposed in the Satun area of southern peninsular 

Thailand. The faunas represented by these 

conodonts have North Atlantic Realm affinities 

and are identical to those reported from 

North Atlantic Middle to Upper Ordovician 

successions. Representative conodonts of 

some of these faunas have also been reported 

from South China. In ascending order, three 

conodont zones are discriminated in the Satun 

sequence: the Pygodus anserinus range Zone, 

the Baltoniodus sp. cf. B. variabilis range 

Zone, and the Hamarodus europaeus range 

Zone. Strata between the B. sp. cf. B. variabilis 

and H. europaeus zones are not zoned. The 

conodont-bearing limestone is thought to have 

been deposited on the continental margin of 

northeastern Gondwana. Sixteen species belonging 

to 12 conodont genera, and two unidentified 

coniform elements, are systematically 

investigated. 

2008020120 

俄罗斯北东 Omulev 山脉科累马地块晚奥 

陶世 - 早志留世牙形动物群及其古生物地 

理区系 = Late Ordovician to Early Silurian 

conodont faunas from the Kolyma terrane, 

Omulev mountains, northeast Russia, and their 

paleobiogeographic affinity. ( 英文 ). Zhang S- 

X; Barnes C R. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(3): 490-512 4 图版 . 

The Late Ordovician and Early Silurian 

conodont faunas of northeast Russia are described, 

based on 39 conodont-bearing samples 

collected from Kanyon, Padun, 

Tirekhtyakh, Maut, and lower Sandugan Formations 

at Mirny Creek and Ina River sections, 

Omulev Mountains. The faunas are represented 

by a total of 776 identifiable conodont 

specimens assigned to 35 species representing 

25 genera, among which a new species, Periodon 

mirnyensis, is established. Based on 

graptolite zones at the same locality and other 

conodont faunas worldwide, the faunas are 

assigned to the Caradocian, early Ashgillian, 

late Ashigillian, early Llandovery, and late 

Llandovery. The Ordovician faunas belong to 

outer platform to upper slope facies with a 

North Atlantic Realm affinity; the Silurian 

faunas are from slope and basin facies. The 

conodont faunas are the first to be described 

from the Kolyma Terrane, which has an enigmatic 

paleogeographic position during the 

Early Paleozoic. 

2008020121 

西澳坎宁盆地马泉及相关剖面上泥盆统弗 

拉斯阶牙形刺序列 = Frasnian (Upper Devonian) 

Conodont succession at Horse Spring 

and correlative sections, Canning basin, western 

Australia. ( 英文 ). Klapper G. Journal of 

Paleontology, 2007, 81(3): 513-537 8 图版 . 

The Horse Spring conodont succession in 

the Canning Basin replicates zones 6 through 

13 of the thirteen-fold Frasnian zonation. 

Horse Spring, together with other Canning 

Basin sections, demonstrates the widespread 

application of the zonation. Furthermore, the 

recently formalized three-fold subdivision of 

Zone 13, which has been recognized in the 

Montagne Noire, Moroccan Meseta, and 

northern Ontario, is developed at Horse Spring 

and other Canning Basin sections. 

The Canning Basin Frasnian is noteworthy for 

the high quality of preservation of the conodont 

faunas, the extremely low CAI values, 

and the abundance of elements in most collections. 

The emphasis in this paper is on the 

38

taxonomy of Frasnian Palmatolepis. Newly 

described species are: Palmatolepis beckeri, P. 

feisti, P. housei, P. klugi, P. nicolli, P. playfordi, 

P. uyenoi, and Polygnathus kirchgasseri. 

Complete and partial multielement apparatuses 

have been reconstructed for Palmatolepis 

playfordi and P. nicolli. 

2008020122 

贵州早奥陶世黄花园组扇颚牙形石 = 

Rhipidognathid conodonts from the Early Ordovician 

Honghuayuan Formation of Guizhou, 

South China. ( 英文 ). Zhen Yong-Yi; Ian G. 

Percival I G; Liu Jian-Bo. palaeoworld, 2006, 

15(2): 194-210 

The two oldest species of rhipidognathid 

conodonts, Rhipidognathus yichangensis and 

Bergstroemognathus extensus, are described 

and illustrated from the Early Ordovician 

Honghuayuan Formation of Guizhou, South 

China. Both species are interpreted to consist 

of a septimembrate apparatus. The form species 

Bergstroemognathus hubeiensis is regarded 

as a junior synonym of B. extensus. As 

currently defined, the multi-element species B. 

hubeiensis includes elements belonging to 

both B. extensus and R. yichangensis, and 

hence can no longer be regarded as a valid 

species. 

2008020123 

韩国 Taegaeg 城北部上寒武统 Hwajeol 组 

牙形类生物地层 = Conodont biostratigraphy 

of the Hwajeol Formation (Upper Cambrian) 

in northern Taegaeg City, Korea. ( 英文 ). Lee 

B S. Ameghiniana, 2001, 38(4): 441-453 

The Hwajeol Formation (Upper Cambrian) 

is well exposed at northern Taebaeg City, 

Kangweon Province, mid-eastern Korea. The 

sequence of this formation includes, in ascending 

order: 1) alternation of thick massive 

and nodular limestones of Proconodontus and 

Eoconodontus notchpeakensis zones, 2) thick 

massive and nodular limestones and quartzite 

interval of Cambrooistodus minutus Zone, 3) 

nodular limestone interval of Cordylodus 

proavus Zone, and 4) interval of shale with 

sparse calcareous nodules grading up into 

quartzite bed of Fryxellodontus inornatus- 

Monocostodus sevierensis-Semiacontiodus 

lavadamensis Assemblage Zone. The Cordylodus 

proavus Zone ranges through the uppermost 

30.9 m interval of the formation, and 

Fryxellodontus inornatus first appears at a 

horizon 23.4 m below the upper boundary 

Conodont zones are correlated with equivalent 

zonal schemes of other parts of the world. 

2008020124 

贵州关岭地区三叠系竹杆坡组顶部及 “ 瓦窑 

组 ” 底部的牙形刺 = Triassic condonts from 

Zhuganpo and "Wayao" Formations of 

Guanling, Southwest China. ( 中文 ). 陈立德 ; 

王成源 . 古生物学报 , 2002, 41(3): 349-360 4 

图版 . 

贵州关岭地区三叠系 “ 瓦窑组 ” 以 N. polygnathiformis 

繁盛为特征。关岭新铺巴毛 

林至小洼一带 “ 瓦窑组 ” 一段与杨守仁等 

(1995 )Neogondolella polygnathiformis 带的 

下部相当 , 相当于卡尼阶。“ 瓦窑组 ” 中 N. 

polygnathiformis (Budurov et Stefanov) 的幼 

年期个体丰富 , 为研究这一晚三叠世的重要 

属种的个体发育提供条件。在该区竹杆坡 

组上部发现的 Celsigondolella baiyunensis sp. 

nov. 和 Neogondolella parafoliata sp. nov., 为 

研究 Celsigondolella 与 Neogondolella 之间 

的演化关系提供新材料。 

2008020125 

贵州省六枝县郎贷 “ 法郎组 ” 的牙形石及其 

时代意义 = Conodonts of the "Falang Formation" 

from Langdai, Liuzhi County, Guizhou 

Province and their age significance. ( 中文 ). 杨 

守仁 ; 郝维城 ; 江大勇 . 地质论评 , 2002, 48(6): 

586-592 

本文描述了采自贵州小六枝县郎岱剖面 

“ 法郎组 ” 的一些牙形石。该牙形石群主要 

由 paragondolella polygnathiformis, P. maantangensis, 

P. tadpole, P. navicula navicula, P. 

foliata foliata, P. foliata inclinata, P. jiangyouensis, 

P. langdainsis Yang sp. nov. 等组 

成 , 自下而上可识别出 3 个牙形石带 : 竹 

杆坡组 Paragondolella polygnathiformis- 

Paragondolella maantangensis 组合带、 

Paragondolella 

polygnathiformis- 

Paragondolella tadpole 组合带、瓦窑组 

Paragondolella polygnathiformis 带。因此 , 

该剖面 “ 法郎组 ” 的时代 , 不仅上部 ( 当前 

的瓦窑组 ), 而且下部 ( 当前的竹杆坡 

组 ), 者是晚三叠世卡尼期的。 

2008020126 

西班牙北部 Serpukhovian 牙形刺及其生物 

地层学应用 = Serpukhovian Conodonts from 

Northern Spain and their Biostratigraphic application. 

( 英文 ). Sanz-López J; Blanco- 

Ferrera S; De Posada L C; García-López S. 

Palaeontology, 2007, 50(4): 883-904 

Conodont collections from late Viséan– 

early Bashkirian deposits include numerous 

39

elements related to the cosmopolitan species 

Gnathodus bilineatus (Roundy) in the Cantabrian 

Mountains. Arnsbergian beds yield the 

taxa Gnathodus bilineatus leonicus subsp. 

nov., G. millarensis sp. nov., G. truyolsi sp. 

nov. and Gnathodus sp. nov. A. Almost all are 

also found in limestones of similar age in the 

Pyrenees, and the G. truyolsi conodont Zone is 

defined for the upper Serpukhovian of the 

northern Iberian Peninsula. In addition, numerous 

references to the proposed taxa come 

from Austria, Eastern Europe, Northern Africa 

and Asian localities. The increase in gnathodid 

diversity and abundance in northern Spain is 

related to a local Arnsbergian drowning episode 

of the carbonate platform. G. truyolsi is 

possibly derived from G. b. bilineatus, and 

there is morphological convergence with Gnathodus 

kiensis Pazukhin. 

2008020127 

二叠纪和下三叠统舟牙形类的地理支系及 

其在系统分类上的作用 = Geographical 

clines in Permian and lower Triassic gondolellids 

and its role in taxonomy. ( 英文 ). Henderson 

C M; Mei Shilong. palaeoworld, 2007, 

16(1-3): 190-201 

Continuous and gradational geographic 

variation within a species, a geographic cline, 

is a concept familiar to biologists describing 

modern species and subspecies. In contrast, 

true geographic clines are rarely described by 

palaeontologists because it is extremely difficult 

to determine the divergence of samples 

from a time plane. Palaeontologists usually 

describe morphoclines or chronomorphoclines 

that represent anagenetic evolution within 

lineages. This paper examines geographic 

clines within Permian gondolellids as a possible 

solution to correlating between distinct 

provinces that became established during the 

Kungurian. These clines are distinguished by 

the gradual geographic variation of the carinal 

configuration and size of the cusp in P 1 elements 

for a given time-slice. It is not certain 

what is controlling this morphologic response, 

but since the P 1 element was used for food 

processing it is possible that it relates to variations 

in potential prey affected by some environmental 

gradient like temperature. Furthermore, 

the recognition of clines affects systematics 

as temporal subspecies should be 

distinguished across their geographic range. 

The evolutionary development of taxa with 

distinct morphology that become restricted to 

certain provinces, as in the serrated Jinogondolella, 

is fundamental to the concept of clines. 

In addition, the recognition of character 

changes in other elements within the gondolellid 

apparatus will affect the identification of 

distinct clades and as a result several gondolellid 

genera are treated cladistically. The 

taxonomy of gondolellid taxa including Mesogondolella, 

Jinogondolella, Clarkina, 

Neogondolella, and Neospathodus are discussed 

and a new genus, Neoclarkina, is described. 

2008020128 

牙形石标准化石 Hindeodus changxingensis 

标志最大的集群绝灭事件 = Conodont index 

fossil Hindeodus changxingensis Wang fingers 

greatest mass extinction event. ( 英文 ). 

Metcalfe I; Nicoll R S Wardlaw B R. palaeoworld, 

2007, 16(1-3): 202-207 

The marine conodont fossil species, 

Hindeodus changxingensis Wang, that has a 

distinctive morphology, is restricted to a very 

narrow stratigraphic interval essentially from 

the Permian–Triassic extinction event through 

the internationally recognized boundary and 

into the very earliest Triassic. The species is 

geographically widespread in the Tethyan Region, 

from Italy to South China, and serves as 

a characteristic index fossil to reliably identify 

this short but critical interval that encompasses 

the greatest mass extinction of life on 

earth and the boundary between the Paleozoic 

and Mesozoic Eras. 

2008020129 

中国新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠井下奥陶系的牙 

形刺 ( 英文 ) = Ordovician conodonts from 

drillings in the Taklimakan Desert, Xinjiang, 

NW China. ( 英文 ). 王志浩 ; 祁玉平 . 微体古生 

物学报 , 2001, 18(2): 133-148 2 图版 . 

共测制了 13 条新疆塔里木塔克拉玛干沙 

漠中部和北部井下的奥陶系剖面 , 并在不同 

的相区发现了不同的牙形刺序列。在北部 

地区牙形刺带由上而下为 :Aphelognathus 

pyramidalis,Yaoxianognathus yaoxianensis- 

Belodina confluens,Baltoniodus alobatus,Pygodus 

anserinus, P. serra, Paroistodus 

proteus,Glyptoconus quadraplicatus 和 Rossodus 

manitouensis- Cordylodus rotundatus 

等带 ; 在中部地区 , 牙形刺带由上而下 

为 :Serratognathus diversus,Chosonodina 和 

Rossodusm anitouensis- Cordylodus rotundatus 

等带。另外 , 本文也讨论了牙形刺带的对 

比 , 生物相及本区的古地理轮廓变化 ; 描述了 

新种 Pygodus xinjiangensis。 

40

2008020130 

瑞典上 Arenig 统的牙形石生物带 = Conodont 

biozonation in the upper Arenig of Sweden. 

( 英文 ). Lofgren A. Geological Magazine, 

2000, 137(1): 53-65 

Conodont faunas from the Arenigian 

Lanna/Volkhov Stage in Baltoscandia have 

been the subject of intensive study, particularly 

during the last decade, and different biozonations 

based on them have been proposed. 

The application of some of these zones is discussed 

here. The present investigation is 

mainly based on 64 samples from ten sections 

in Sweden, but conodont collections from 

Bornholm (Denmark) and Tamsalu (Estonia) 

have also been studied. Lindström’s (1971) 

concept of the upper Arenigian Microzarkodina 

parva Zone is essentially replaced by a 

revised Baltoniodus norrlandicus Zone. The 

zone corresponds closely to Bagnoli & 

Stouge’s (1997) recently distinguished B. 

norrlandicus and Lenodus antivariabilis zones, 

which can be recognized in sections where a 

more detailed subdivision and correlation is 

possible under the names of the T. quadrangulum 

Subzone and the L. antivariabilis Subzone, 

respectively. 

2008020131 

宾夕法尼亚纪牙形石属 Gondolella Stauffer 

& Plummer, 1932: 原始模式标本和定义的 

再解释 = The Pennsylvanian conodont genus 

Gondolella Stauffer & Plummer, 1932: reinterpretation 

of the original type specimens and 

concepts. ( 英文 ). Merrill G K; Von Bitter P H. 

Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2007, 26(part 

1): 41-46 

In order to ensure stability of nomenclature 

among species of Gondolella, lectotypes are 

selected from among the cotypes (syntypes in 

modern usage) proposed by Stauffer & 

Plummer (1932) for species that it is concluded 

were parts of the apparatuses of two 

species of that genus. It is recognized that 

many of their specimens actually represent 

growth stages of individual species, and many 

of the names used by Stauffer & Plummer are 

placed in synonymy. Interpreted synonyms 

include not only gondolelliform P-1 elements, 

but other parts of the apparatus, especially P-2 

elements assigned to Euprioniodina by 

Stauffer & Plummer. Thus, Gondolella bella 

has synonyms as P-1 elements: G. curvata, G. 

magna, G. minuta, probably G. sp. A, S-1 

element Euprioniodina coronata and P-1 elements: 

E exserta, E eximia and E intertexta. In 

a similar manner, the type species of the genus, 

Gondolella elegamula, has synonyms G insolita, 

G. lanceolata (P-1 elements), and 

probably Euprioniodina sp. B (P-2 element?). 

2008020132 

中国新疆塔里木地区奥陶纪牙形石 : 用于 

指示古环境 = Ordovician conodonts of the 

Tarim Region, Xinjiang, China: Occurrence 

and use as paleoenvironment indicators. ( 英 

文 ). Wang Zhi-hao; Qi Yu-ping; Bergström S 

M. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2007, 

29(5-6): 832-843 

A review of the distribution of different Ordovician 

conodont faunas in eight areas of the 

Tarim Region shows that these conodont faunas 

can be classified into the North China and 

South China types. The North China type is 

characterized by Aurilobodus leptosomatus, A. 

aurilobodus, A. simplex, Tangshanodus tanshanensis, 

Loxodus dissectus, Parasseratognathus 

paltodiformis, Microcoelodus symmetricus, 

Belodina compressa, B. confluens, 

Pseudobelodina dispansa, Yaoxianognathus 

yaoxianensis, and Taoqupognathus blandus. 

These were adapted to shallow, warm-water 

environments. The South China type is represented 

by the genera Amorphognathus, Baltoniodus, 

Cahabagnathus, Eoplacognathus, 

Lenodus, Microzarkodina, Oepikodus, Paroistodus, 

Paracordylodus, Periodon, Polonodus, 

and Pygodus, which were adapted to outer 

shelf, deeper, and colder water environments. 

Using the general pattern of conodont distribution, 

it is possible to interpret the various 

depositional environments and to reconstruct 

broad changes in palaeogeography of the 

Tarim Region during Ordovician time. In general, 

during Tremadocian to early Middle Ordovician 

time, most of the Tarim Region was 

a shallow semi-restricted platform that became 

deeper towards the north and east, with an 

open platform in Kalping and in the northern 

part of Taklimakan Desert. A slope and deep 

basin existed in the current Tianshan Mountains 

region. The Tarim sea was shallow during 

the Early Ordovician and became deeper 

during “Caradocian” (Sandbian and Early 

Katian) time, to become shallow again during 

“Ashgillian” (Late Katian) time, with the exception 

of part of central Taklimakan, which 

was a land area during “Caradocian” (Sandbian 

and Early Katian) time. 

2008020133 

新疆柯坪和甘肃平凉上奥陶统底部附近的 

牙形刺 ( 英文 ) = Ordovician conodonts from 

Kalpin of Xinjiang and Pingliang of Gansu 

across the base of Upper Ordovician series. 

41

( 英文 ). 王志浩 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 

18(4): 349-363 2 图版 . 

新疆柯坪大湾沟和甘肃平凉官庄剖面是 

Nemagraptus gracilis 带及上奥陶统底界的 

重要剖面 , 研究这两剖面的牙形刺具有十分 

重要的意义。本文描述了采自新疆柯坪大 

湾沟和甘肃平凉官庄剖面上奥陶统底界附 

近的牙形刺共 13 属 18 种。 

2008020134 

牙形刺的鉴定与乐平统的底界 ( 英文 ) = 

Conodont identification and the base of the 

Lopingian. ( 英文 ). 王成源 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2001, 18(4): 364-372 

Clarkina postbitteri 和 C. dukouensis 两个 

种的正确鉴定是确定乐平统底界的关键。 

Mei 和 Wardlaw(1994b,c) 在建立这两个种时 

就已明确指出 ,C. postbitteri 不同于 C. 

dukouensis 主要是有浑圆而不是钝圆的齿台 

后端 , 并有明显的后边缘 (brim), 并不是依据 

齿脊特征区别的。金玉玕 (Jin,2000a) 与 

Henderson(2001) 强调 ,C. postbitteri 的中后部 

细齿分离是有别于 C. dukouensis 的主要特 

征。比较 C. postbitteri 与 C. dukouensis 的 

正模和 Mei et al.(1994c) 所鉴定的 C. 

dukouensis( 图 1a—c) , 可以清楚地看到 , 两者 

的齿脊几乎相同。 Mei et al.(1994c) 所鉴定 

的 C. dukouensis 齿脊的细齿甚至比 C. postbitteri 

的还分离 ( 图 1a,b)。两个种的区别 , 应 

保持原来的定义 : 主要依齿台后端形状和后 

边缘的有无。 

Clarkina dukouensis 由 C. postbitteri 逐渐 

过渡而来 ,Henderson(2001) 认为 , 由于是逐渐 

过渡 ,C. dukouensis 首次出现的点位就是任 

意选择的 . 然而 , 泥盆系一石炭系界线的定义 

是在 Siphonodella presulcata-S. sulcata 连续 

演化谱系中 S. sulcata 的首次出现 , 无人认为 , 

由于是连续演化谱系这个界线点位就是任 

意的 . 所有泥盆系的阶的金钉子都是以祖先 

种到定义种的演化谱系中定义种的首次出 

现为定义的 , 也无人认为这些金钉子的点位 

是任意的 , 因为每个阶的定义种都有明确的 

定义 .C. dukouensis 也有明确的定义 , 只要齿 

台后端变钝圆 , 后边缘消失 , 就由 C. postbitteri 

进化到 C. dukouensis. 这个位置就在 

LPD115-6k, 并非可任意选择 . 

金玉玕 (Jin,2000a),Henderson(2001) 指出 , 

他们对种的鉴定采用了居群概念 . 在确定金 

钉子点位时 , 必须考虑定义种在首次出现 

(FAD) 时的居群特征 , 这就是 :a. 个体很少 ;b. 

形态类型单调 ;c 与先驱种共存 ;d. 在几个剖 

面上可以证实 .LPD115-6k 中的 C. dukouensis 

个体很少 , 形态单调 , 与先驱种 C. postbitteri 

共存 , 完全具有此种早期居群的特征 . 相 

反 , 在 LPD115 6j 和 6i 上部的 C. postbitteri 

个体数量多 , 形态类型多样 , 含有自 C. postbitteri 

到 C. dukouensis 的过渡类型 , 代表 C. 

postbitteri 演化谱系的高级阶段 , 反映此种中 

晚期的居群特征 . 同时 , 不能扩大居群的概念 , 

不能把不同的种包括到同一居群中去 . 金玉 

玕 (Jin,2000a) 和 Henderson(2001) 认为 C. 

dukouensis 在 LPD11 4-7e 才开始出现 , 笔者 

认为 , 他们将 LPD114-7b 中的典型的 

Clarkina leveni,C. niuzhuanensis,C. bizarrensis 

也不恰当地归入 Clarkina postbitteri 居群 

中 .LPD114-7b 应属 C. leveni 带 . 

Henderson(2001) 强调 ,Jinogondolella 

granti 是 C. postbitteri 的祖先 , 两者没有重叠 , 

形态差别大 . 金玉玕 (Jin,2000a) 和 

Henderson(2001) 用点断平衡演化来解释这 

一差别 . 但真正的点断平衡演化都有先驱种 

和后继种的重叠 , 新的分子不是在先驱分子 

消失后才出现的 , 而是在一定的时限内与先 

驱种共存 , 并且都是在连续的地层中出现的 . 

没有证实的点断平衡事件 , 从来不用来做 

GSSP 的建立依据 . 国际地层规范强调的 

是 ,GSSP 要建立在连续的地层中 , 定义种必 

须有清楚的演化关系 . 没有任何形态上的证 

据可以证明 C. postbitteri 是由 

Jinogondollella granti 演化而来 . 

Henderson(2001) 还强调 ,LPD115-6i 上下 

之间有一小间断 (diastem), 这一界线是一层 

序界线 , 是最理想的乐平统的底界 . 但小间断 

的存在 , 正表明这是一条不理想的生物地层 

界线 , 因为根据国际地层规范 ,GSSP 必须建 

立在连续的单一岩相的地层中 . 层序地层界 

线不适合建立 GSSP, 因为所有层序地层界 

线都意味着可能有间断 . 最理想的生物地层 

界线是在层序界面或初始海泛面之上的第 

一广泛分布的生物带的底界 

(Wang&Su,2000).C. dukouensis 正是这样的 

生物带 , 它比层序地层界线高 21cm, 比岩石 

地层界线低 21cm. 层序地层界线是非常好的 

辅助参考标准 , 但不是统或阶的界线本身 . 

2008020135 

广西凌云县罗楼地区早三叠世牙形石 = 

Early Triassic conodonts from Luolou Formation 

in Luolou, Lingyun, Guangxi. ( 中文 ). 杨 

守仁 ; 郝维城 ; 江大勇 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(1): 86-92 1 图版 . 

42

罗楼地区下三叠统 , 经赵金科 (1959) 研究 

显示 , 最低层位为 Vishnuites marginalis 菊石 

带 (Gyronitan 阶 )。张舜新 (1990 ) 研究广西 

凤山金牙下三叠统牙形石时 , 未发现最高的 

牙形石带。当前研究发现 , 罗楼地区下三叠 

统牙形石丰富 , 可识别出 Hindeodus parvus,Isarcicella 

staeschei,Neospathodus waageni,Neospathodus 

novaehel landiae,Neospathodus 

homeri Neospathodus triangularis,Chiosella 

timorensis 6 个牙形石带 

( 组合带 ), 从而表明该地区不但存在下三叠 

统底部层位 Otoceratan 阶 , 而且存在下三叠 

统最高的牙形石带。牙形石组合面貌和岩 

相显示 , 该牙形石动物群生活环境与田东县 

作登地区同属盆地相环境。 

2008020136 

桃曲坡牙形刺属 (Taoqupognathus) 在澳大 

利亚及中国晚奥陶世的分布 ( 英文 ) = Distribution 

of the Late Ordovician conodont Taoqupognathus 

in eastern Australia and China. 

( 英文 ). 甄勇毅 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 

351-361 

Taoqupognathus 为潘德尔刺类的一多分 

子器官属。其特征明显 : 单维 , 片状 , 具有不 

同发育程度的后缘隆起。该属仅在澳大利 

亚东部和中国上奥陶统分布 , 已知有 4 种 , 而 

且具有较精确的区域对比价值。形态特征 

的支序分析显示 : 在晚奥陶世中期 

(Eastonian),T. philipi-T. blandus -T. tumidus 

谱系代表了该属的主要演化趋向。 

Taoqupognathus 属的分布表明 , 澳大利亚东 

部和中国在当时有着密切的生物地理联 

系。该属可能在 Eas tonian 早期起源于新南 

威尔世中部地区 , 在中 — 晚 Eastonian 期时达 

到发展高潮 , 并已扩散到中国各板块。继而 

可能在 Eastonian 末期或 Bolindian 早期全 

部绝灭。 

2008020137 

试论二叠纪牙形石古地理分区、演化及其 

控制因素 = Permian conodont provincialism, 

evolution and their controlling factors. ( 中文 ). 

梅仕龙 ;Charles M Henderson. 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(4): 471485 

阐述二叠纪 6 个时期牙形石的分布及其 

古地理分区的划分和演变 , 探讨牙形石古地 

理分区的主控因素及其与古气候演变的关 

系。应用上述古地理分区模式恢复科迪勒 

拉山脉有关地体牙形石群落的古地理。 

2008020138 

牙形石 Ancyrodella 早期演化与广西六景中 

上泥盆统界线 = Evolution lineage of conodont 

Ancyrodella and the Middle Upper Devonian 

boundary at Liujing, Guangxi. ( 中文 ). 

丁干 ; 江大勇 ; 白顺良 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(2): 197-204 2 图版 . 

通过对广西六景地区谷闭组下部的牙形 

石 Ancyrodella 类群的早期个体分析 , 识别出 

Ancyrodella binodosa→Ancyrodella rotundiloba→Ancyrodella 

alata→Ancyrodella gigas 

的演化谱系。以中 - 上泥盆统界线层型 

剖面为准 , 由 Ancyrodella rotundiloba early 

form 的首次出现为标志 , 将六景地区中上泥 

盆统界线置于谷闭组底界之上 1.80 m 处 , 这 

条处于 Ancyrodella 早期演化系中间的界线 

是一条可靠的和高分辨率的界线 , 能与层型 

点进行精确对比。 

2008020139 

华南贵州早奥陶世红花园组的镰箭类牙形 

刺 = Drepanoistodontid conodonts from the 

Early Ordovician Honghuayuan Formation of 

Guizhou, South China. ( 英文 ). 甄勇毅 ;I G 波 

斯威尔 ;A 鲁夫格恩 ; 刘建波 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2007, 24(2): 125-148 5 图版 . 

本文描述了产自华南贵州下奥陶统红花 

园组 ( 桐梓红花园标准剖面 , 沿河甘溪剖面和 

贵阳黄花冲剖面 ) 的四个镰箭类牙形刺 

种 :Drepanoistodus sp. cf. nowlani,Paltodus 

sp.cf. P. subaequalis,Paltodus sp.A 和 

Paroistodus sp.。D. sp. cf. nowlani 为红花园 

组常见种 , 但另三种则相对稀少。在红花园 

组标准剖面 ,Paltodus sp. cf. P. subaequalis 

最低出现于该组底部 , 证实此层位为晚特马 

豆克期。文中详细图示了产于瑞典下奥陶 

统的两个带化石种 :Paltodus deltifer 和 

Paroistodus proteus, 以及瑞典镰箭刺属的三 

个常见种 :Drepanoistodus forceps,D. basiovalis 

和 D. sp. cf. D. suberectus。通过与瑞典 

材料的详细对比 , 我们认为华南以前关于 P. 

proteus 和 P. deltifer 两种的记述多有误 , 须 

重新厘定。 

2008020140 

西藏申扎地区晚石炭世牙形石 

Neognathodus 动物群的特征及其意义 = 

The Late Carboniferous conodont Neognathodus 

fauna in Xainza, Tibet, China, and its significance. 

( 中文 ). 纪占胜 ; 姚建新 ; 武桂春 ; 刘 

贵忠 ; 蒋忠惕 ; 傅渊慧 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(1): 

42-53 2 图版 . 

43

藏北中扎地区永珠组中上部发现了 

Negnothodus 牙形石动物群 , 自下而上划分 

为 Neognathodus cf. symmetricus—N. cf 

asymumetricus 组合、 Neognathodus 

medadultimus-N . medexultimus— 

N.roundyi 组合、Rhachistognathus sp.A- 

Neognathodus ultimus sp. nov. 组合。上述 

牙形石动物群指示永珠组中上部的时代为 

晚石炭世巴什基尔阶中期 - 莫斯科阶晚期。 

该牙形石动物群与俄罗斯地台区、北美地 

区和华南地区比较 , 显示出低分异度和低 

丰度的特点 , 表明该地区当时的生态环境 

并不十分利于牙形石生长 , 可能是当时该 

地区处于南半球中高纬度附近、水体温度 

偏冷所致。 

2008020141 

西藏西部狮泉河地区二叠纪和三叠纪牙形 

石的发现及其意义 = Discovery of Permian 

and Triassic conodonts in the Shiquanhe area, 

Ngari, western Tibet, Chian and their significances. 

( 中文 ). 纪占胜 ; 姚建新 ; 武桂春 . 地质 

通报 , 2007, 26(4): 383-397 4 图版 . 

西藏西部阿里狮泉河地区的昂杰组、下 

拉组和左左组中发现牙形石化石。昂杰组 

的牙形石组合大致对比于中二叠世空谷期 

早中期 Mesogondolella idahoensis- 

Vjalovognathus shindyensis 组合带。下拉组 

顶部的牙形石组合大致对比于晚二叠世长 

兴期晚期 Clarkina changxingensis 带。左左 

组中含有早三叠世的 Neospathodus sp. 和 

Gladigondolella sp., 左左组和下拉组整合接 

触 , 左左组主体时代为三叠纪。狮泉河地区 

在早二叠世末期就开始由冈瓦纳相碎屑岩 

沉积转变为特提斯相碳酸盐岩沉积 , 在晚二 

叠世长兴期和早三叠世依然维持在海相沉 

积环境中。冈底斯西部在晚二叠世和三叠 

纪为古陆的观点有待于重新审视。 

2008020142 

西藏冈底斯西段措勤地区三叠纪牙形石生 

物地层特征 = Triassic conodont biostratigraphy 

in the Coqên area, western Gangdise, Tibet, 

China. ( 中文 ). 武桂春 ; 姚建新 ; 纪占胜 . 

地质通报 , 2007, 26(8): 938-946 2 图版 . 

西藏措勤县江让乡敌布错北缘的碳酸盐 

岩地层原来认为是中二叠世 " 下拉组 ", 然而 , 

最新的牙形石生物地层学研究否定了这种 

认识。在这套碳酸盐岩地层中识别出了三 

叠纪的 4 个牙形石带 ( 组合带 ), 

即 :Neogondolella carinata 带、Neospathodus 

triangularis-Ns. omeri 组合带、Chiosella 

timorensis 带、Paragondolella inclinata-Pg. 

olygnathiformis 组合带。牙形石动物群的对 

比研究表明 , 新建的嘎仁错组的时代为早三 

叠世印度期至中三叠世拉丁期末期 , 珠龙组 

采样层段的时代为中三叠世拉丁期末期至 

晚三叠世卡尼期的早期。 

2008020143 

土耳其西北部伊斯坦布尔地区 Griotte - 型 

结核状深海灰岩中杜内期牙形石的首现 = 

First discovery of Middle Tournaisian conodonts 

in the Griotte-type nodular pelagic limestones, 

Istanbul area, NW Turkey. ( 英文 ). 

Goncuoglu M C; Boncheva I; Goncuoglu Y. 

Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 

2004, 110(2): 431-439 

They yielded conodont elements (Bispathodus 

stabilis and Siphonodella lobata) that can 

identify the interval from the upper part of the 

sandbergi Zone through the isosticha - Upper 

crenulata Zone - middle Tournaisian - Early 

Carboniferous. this is the first middle Tournaisian 

conodont record published from an 

autochthonous succession in the Istanbul Terrane, 

NW Turkey. This level characterizes the 

very last carbonate deposition and is followed 

by lydites and black siliceous shales and finally 

by the accumulation of flysch-type deposits 

during the late Tournaisian and early 

Visean, that mark the onset of Variscan eventsto 

the north of the Istanbul Terrane. A correlation 

with the Lower Carboniferous successions 

in the easterly-located Zonguldak area 

suggests that Istanbul and Zonguldak terranes 

were in quite different palaeogeographic positions 

during this time interval. 

小壳化石 

2008020144 

陕南晚震旦世后生动物管状化石 Cloudina 

和 Sinotubulites = Late Sinian (Tubular) 

metazoan fossils: Cloudina and Sinotubulites 

from southern Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 陈哲 ; 孙卫国 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(2): 180-202 4 图 

版 . 

陕南宁强地区灯影组高家山段产出十分 

丰富的后生动物管状化石 Cloudina 和 

Sinotubulites, 管体为磷酸钙质 , 通过冰醋酸 

浸泡处理获得了大量精美的 Cloudina 和 

Sinotubulites 孤立化石标本。Cloudina 管体 

微弯至扭曲 , 以叠锥套合构造为特征 , 管壁 

由多层锥管壁组成 , 一端开口 , 一端封闭 , 在 

横切面上 , 相邻两层不同心。依据大量较为 

完整的孤立标本 , 本文建立了新的管体构造 

44

复原模式。确认了 Cloudina 管状化石具有 

A、B 两种结构类型 , A 型管体具有共同的 

外壁 ; B 型管体不具外壁 , 锥管裸露。推测 

Cloudina 为底栖生活的动物。A 型管体表 

面较光滑并在外壁与中央管之间形成一系 

列较大的空腔 , 因而可能具有一定的浮力 , 可 

通过水流主动调整身体在沉积物表面的方 

向。而 B 型化石表面则具有明显的环檐 , 可 

能营固着底栖生活。通常 Cloudina 为单体 , 

少数为两个个体生长于同一较大的管中 , 这 

种共管特征反映了生物以出芽方式繁殖。 

化石壁的结构表明 , 在管壁形成的过程中生 

物体分泌可能以有机质为主的中央层 , 随后 

在中央层的两侧加积无机矿物。 

Sinotubulites 管体近圆筒状 , 中空 , 一般较 

直 , 两端开口 , 以多层管套合为特征。管 

体表面粗糙 , 具有因管壁褶皱而形成的不 

规则的横向或纵向纹饰。依据管体大小和 

表面纹饰特征可分 S. shaanxiensis 和 S. 

levis 。管壁较厚 , 表面常具有强突的纹 

饰 , 反映了该类生物营底栖生活。鉴于 S. 

shaanxiensis 的特征 , 本文将 Qinella Zhang, 

Li et Dong, 1992 归入 Sinotubulites Chen, 

Chen et Qian, 1981, 并对属征进行了补充。 

Cloudina 及 Sinotubulites 代表了动物骨骼 

化方式的早期演化阶段。通过对管体微细 

结构观察以及成分测试 , 表明 Cloudina 及 

Sinotubulites 管体以生物分泌为主 , 早期分 

泌塑性为主的管壁 , 后期生物分泌或胶结 

形成矿化的管。管体有机质较多 , 形态受 

环境的影响较大。Cloudina 管体具隐 - 微粒 

的微细结构 ,Sinotubulites 具有粘结结构特 

征 , 属于较为简单、原始的骨骼化类型。 

2008020145 

我国寒武系底部含磷岩系中的棘盔状化石 

= Helmet-like fossils from the basal Cambrian 

phosphoric strata of China. ( 中文 ). 钱逸 ; 李国 

祥 ; 何廷贵 ; 解永顺 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(4): 

486-496 2 图版 . 

重点介绍产于我国扬子地台下寒武统底 

部含磷岩系中的部分具棘、带刺类化石的 

分布情况和埋藏特征。对它们的分类位置 

和亲缘关系也作初步探讨 , 认为它们分属于 

不同的后生动物类群的硬件构造。文中描 

述了该类化石 3 属 4 种 , 其中 1 新属 1 新 

种 —Paradoxiconus typicalis gen. et sp.nov.。 

综论 

古植物学 

2008020146 

英国威尔顿植物化石名单及其可能的环境 

学意义 = An English Wealden floral list, with 

comments on possible environmental indicators. 

( 英文 ). Watson J; Alvin K L. Cretaceous 

Research, 1996, 17(1): 5-26 

An up-to-date floral list of wellauthenticated 

species is presented for the 

Lower Cretaceous, Wealden succession of 

England. Elements of the flora are assessed 

for evidence of Wealden climate and environments. 

Modes of preservation and plant 

reconstructions, as well as structural and morphological 

features of plant organs are used in 

assessment. The frequent preservation of some 

plants as fossil charcoal, and the occurrence of 

certain specialized features resembling those 

found today amongst fire-climax communities, 

suggest that fire was sometimes an important 

environmental factor. Growth rings in secondary 

wood indicate a degree of seasonality and 

many botanical features point strongly to the 

occurrence of periods of aridity. 

2008020147 

丝炭分析在解释德国中新世 Rhine Embayment 

的植被变化和古气候的作用 = 

Role of charcoal analysis for interpreting 

vegetation change and paleoclimate in the 

Miocene Rhine Embayment (Germany). ( 英 

文 ). Figueiral I; Mosbrugger V; Rowe N P; 

Utescher T; Jones T P; Hocht F V D. 

Palaios, 2002, 17(4): 347–365 

The potential of fossil wood and charcoal 

from browncoal deposits as sources of reliable 

paleoenvironmental information is explored 

with material from the Lower Rhine Embayment 

(Germany). The presence of charcoalified 

material demonstrates proof of natural 

wildfires in Tertiary mire environments, most 

probably during, or after periods of increased 

drainage and drying of surface vegetation and 

litter. The results presented suggest that sampling 

from charcoal layers may provide a 

more statistically reliable data set for study of 

such environments. Inclusion of taxa recovered 

from charcoal layers might compensate 

for the taphonomic and preservational bias of 

Tertiary lignitic floras based solely on the collection 

of lignitic wood. These data confirm 

the hypothesis that, during certain intervals of 

the Miocene, both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous 

angiosperms might have dominated 

or represented significant portions of the 

peat-forming vegetation. The importance of 

palms and shrubby woody taxa, such as 

‘Cyrilla’, is particularly striking from new 

evidence of charcoalified remains. In addition, 

45

certain wood anatomical features observed 

from well preserved lignitic wood and charcoal 

may be used as indicators of environmentally 

modulated growth: (1) clear growth rings 

testify to the existence of a seasonal climate; 

(2) wide variations in growth ring characters 

indicate variable environmental conditions; 

and (3) high incidence of dicotyledonous taxa, 

with abundant small vessels and scalariform 

perforation plates, is interpreted as evidence of 

a mesic environment. 

2008020148 

中国东北吉林省桦甸中始新世植物群 = 

Middle Eocene flora of Huadian, Jilin Province, 

Northeastern China. ( 英文 ). Manchester 

S; Chen Zhiduan; Geng Baoyin; Tao Junrong. 

Acta Palaeobotanica, 2005, 45(1): 3–26 

The fossil flora of Huadian, Jilin Province, 

China, is described based on leaves fruits, and 

one calyx. The megafossil plant remains occur 

in siltstones associated with oil shales that 

yield the Middle Eocene mammalian fauna. 

We provide a floristic inventory as a basis for 

comparison with floras of corresponding age 

in North America and Europe. Leaves of 

Ginkgo, Metasequoia, Trochodendroides, Platanus, 

Castanea, Quercus, Carya, and numerous 

undetermined dicotyledonous taxa, along 

with fruits of Menispermaceae (two genera), 

Rhus, Koelreuteria, and Craigia, and also calyx 

of Chaneya are included. The occurrence 

of Menispermaceae on the basis of fruits is a 

new record for the Eocene of Asia. The new 

combination, Zizyphoides ezoensis (Tanai) is 

presented for leaves of apparent trochodendraceous 

affinity. The Huadian flora also 

provides the first unequivocal fruits of Koelreuteria 

(Sapindaceae) from the Eocene of 

China. The taxonomic composition of the 

flora is consistent with an interpretation of 

temperate climate. The Huadian flora shares 

up to 37% of its megafossil genera with Middle 

Eocene floras of western North America, 

but only about 16% of its genera with Middle 

Eocene floras of Germany. These differences 

may reflect similar climate and land continuity 

between western North America and eastern 

Asia, as well as Eocene climatic differences 

and intervening barrier between eastern Asia 

and central Europe. 

2008020149 

波兰中部和西部埃姆间冰期沉积中若干大 

植物化石的修订 = Revision of some plant 

macrofossil collections from the Eemian interglacial 

deposits of central and western Poland. 

( 英文 ). Velichkevich F Y; Mamakowa K; 

Stuchlik L. Acta Palaeobotanica, 2005, 45(1): 

Results of a revision of the macrofossil 

plant remains in collections of the Palaeobotanical 

Museum, of the W. Szafer Institute 

of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 

from four localities referred to the Eemian 

interglacial in central and western Poland are 

presented. The state of each collection before 

and after the revision is presented on six tables. 

Short comments and correlation between 

Eemian floras of Poland and Belarus are also 

presented. 

2008020150 

斯匹次卑尔根群岛 Bellsund 一新的晚古近 

纪大植物群 = A new late Palaeogene macroflora 

from Bellsund, Spitsbergen. ( 英文 ). 

Birkenmajer K; Zastawniak E. Acta Palaeobotanica, 

2005, 45(2): 145–163 

New macroflora remains have been described 

from the terrestrial coal-bearing Skilvika 

Formation (Calypsostranda Group, late 

Palaeogene) of Bellsund, Spitsbergen. The 

plant assemblage is dominated by two genera: 

Metasequoia (Coniferae) and Trochodendroides 

(Trochodendraceae vel Cercidiphyllaceae). 

Other angiosperms include species of 

the genera Platanites (Platanaceae), Corylites 

(Betulaceae), Vitiphyllum (?Vitaceae), other 

representatives of the families ?Fagaceae, 

Sapindaceae and Hippocastanaceae, two specifically 

determined fruits belonging to the 

genus Nyssidium (Cercidiphyllaceae), moreover 

some Dicotyledones (gen. et sp. div.) and 

Monocotyledones (Liliopsida, gen. et sp. indet.). 

The Sphenophyta are represented by the 

genus Equisetum. The macroflora of the Skilvika 

Formation represents the so-called Polar 

broad-leaved deciduous forest. Itcorresponds 

best to the late Eocene/Oligocene plant assemblage 

from Brøggerhalvøya of northwest 

Spitsbergen. 

2008020151 

中国晚前寒武纪微古植物研究 = Research 

on the microplants in Late Precambrian of 

China. ( 中文 ). 孙淑芬 . 地质调查与研 

究 , 2002, 25(2): 86-92 

通过对近 20 年来微古植物研究成果的总 

结 , 得出如下五个结论 :1) 中国的晚前寒 

武经发现了微古植物约 128 属 ,569 种 , 可 

分为四大组合。2) 长城系 (14~18 亿年左 

右 ) 主要是以细菌和蓝藻为代表的原核细 

胞生物占有生物界的时期 , 但其中已有真 

核细胞生物出现。另外有 Chuaria 状等化石 

46

的出现和广泛分布。3) 蓟县系 (10~14 亿 

年左右 ) 是真核细胞中的高级藻类大量出 

现时期 , 结藻、褐藻、蓝藻相对减少。4) 

青白口系 (8~10 亿年左右 ) 是褐藻植物相 

对繁盛时期 , 并有 Chuaria 及 Shouhsienia 

等化石。5) 震旦系下统 (7~8 亿年左右 ) 

生物群特征与青白口系相近似 , 仍以藻类 

植物为主 , 有少量后生动物。震旦系上统 

(6~7 亿年左右 ) 动物界和植物界都有显 

著变化 , 微古植物出现新的类型 , 后生植 

物和软躯体的后生动物大量繁衍 , 末期有 

海绵及个别软舌螺等具有骨骼的后生动 

物。寒武纪开始 , 有大量多门类小壳动 

物 , 植物界则有刺球藻亚群 , 这表明生物 

界已发展到一个新阶段。 

2008020152 

山西榆社 - 太谷盆地上新世中晚期的植被与 

环境 = Paleovegetation and paleoenvironment 

in middle-late Pliocene Yushe and Taigu basins, 

eastern Shanxi, China. ( 中文 ). 李小强 ; 李 

承森 ; 鹿化煜 ; 王宇飞 . 海洋地质与第四纪地 

质 , 2002, 22(1): 103-108 

山西中、东部的榆社、太谷盆地发育了 

良好的上新世河湖相地层 , 其丰富的植 

物、鱼类和哺乳类化石为我们提供了一个 

古植被和古环境研究的理想场所。根据榆 

社盆地磁性年表以及化石组合特征 , 榆 

社、太谷盆地约为 5.5 MaBP 以来的一套沉 

积 , 榆社张村组与太谷小白组的沉积朝代 

相当 , 大约形成于 3.5 ~ 2.3 MaBP。从大 

约 4.4 MaBP 开始 , 较高含量的云杉、冷杉 

花粉显示研究区已有暗针叶林生长 , 从 3.6 

MaBP 开始 , 暗针叶林有了较大的发展 , 存 

在大面积的暗针叶林纯林。大致从上新世 

中期的 4.4 MaBP 开始 , 气候已经开始变 

冷 , 并有较明显的干湿波动 , 蒿、藜为主 

的干草原大约从 2.3 MaBP 开始繁盛 , 表明 

研究区转变为干冷气候。 

2008020153 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚南滨海山脉 

Tiedemann 冰川 Moraine 沼泽晚全新世植 

被和气候变化 = Late Holocene vegetation 

and climate change at Moraine Bog, Tiedemann 

Glacier, southern Coast Mountains, 

British Columbia. ( 英文 ). Arsenault T A; 

Clague J J; Mathewes R W. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2007, 44(5): 707-719 

Moraine Bog lies just outside the outermost 

lateral moraine of Tiedemann Glacier in the 

southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia. 

A sediment core taken from the wetland was 

analyzed for pollen, magnetic susceptibility, 

and loss on ignition to reconstruct changes in 

vegetation and climate during the late Holocene. 

Vegetation changed little between about 

3500 and 2400 C-14 years BP. A period of 

local disturbance marked by deposition of a 

silty clay bed and increases in Alnus pollen, 

likely reflecting cooler moister conditions, 

coincides with an extensive Holocene advance 

of Tiedemann Glacier about 2400 C-14 years 

BP. Warm dry conditions between about 1900 

and 1500 C-14 years BP are suggested by 

peak values of Pseudotsuga pollen and increasing 

Nuphar sclereids; the latter suggests 

lowered water levels. This period coincides 

with a time of drought and increased fire frequency 

in the southernmost Coast Mountains. 

About 1300 C-14 years BP, the forest became 

more coastal in composition with abundant 

Tsuga heterophylla and Abies. An increase in 

Tsuga mertensiana pollen suggests the onset of 

cool and wet conditions by ca. 500 C-14 years 

BP, coincident with the Little Ice Age. The 

record of inferred climate change at Moraine 

Bog is broadly synchronous with other paleoclimate 

records from the Coast Mountains and, 

at the centennial scale, with records elsewhere 

in the world. 

2008020154 

云南西冲植物群 : 中泥盆世晚期植物群组 

合的多样性 = The Xichong flora of Yunnan, 

China: diversity in late Mid Devonian plant 

assemblages. ( 英文 ). Wang Yi; Berry C M; 

Hao Shougang; Xu Honghe; Fu Qiang. Geological 

Journal, 2007, 42(3-4): 339-349 

Over the past 10 years, significant progress 

has been made in our understanding of late 

Mid Devonian floras of Yunnan Province, 

China. Based on new collections and a restudy 

of existing specimens, most of the old taxa 

have been emended, and some new taxa described. 

The late Mid Devonian Xichong flora 

of Yunnan is dominated by lycopsids, including 

prelycopsids, homosporous and herbaceous 

protolepidodendrids. The fern-like and 

cladoxylopsid plants are important and are 

mainly endemic. A few small plants have also 

been reported. The Xichong flora is divided 

into two ecological levels: small tree and 

ground cover levels. The palaeoclimate of late 

Mid Devonian Yunnan belonged to the tropical 

zone. There are noticeable differences between 

the fossil plants of Yunnan and those of 

the late Mid Devonian in Laurussia and Venezuela. 

The Xichong flora is a special, endemic 

47

flora in a palaeogeographically isolated tropical 

area, controlled by local palaeoclimate. 

The sequence of floras developed in pre- 

Carboniferous time in South China includes 

the Posongchong (Pragian), the Xichong (late 

Givetian) and the Wutung (late Famennian) 

floras. These floras are treated as pre- 

Cathaysian floras. Further work is required to 

establish how much influence these pre- 

Cathaysian floras had in the Carboniferous- 

Permian development of the Cathaysian Flora. 

2008020155 

新疆晚奥陶世晚期管状体及其古植物学意 

义 = Uppermost Ordovician tubular macerales 

from southern Xinjiang, with comments on its 

palaeobotanical significance. ( 英文 ). 王怿 ; 李 

军 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(3): 241-248 1 

图版 . 

本文系统描述了产自我国新疆塔里木盆 

地晚奥陶世晚期的管状体 , 包括 2 属 8 种 , 其 

中一个新种。通过对比研究 , 本管状体组合 

与 Burgess 和 Edwards(1991) 的下组合相 

当。根据本组合的研究 , 对 Burgess 和 

Edwards 的组合进行了补充 , 其组合由不同 

类型的光壁管、低分异度的内壁加厚管组 

成 , 未见外壁加厚管和丝状体 , 组合的时代从 

中奥陶世到早志留世 ( 晚 Llandovery)。根据 

植物学的对比研究 , 管状体主要产自 

Nematophytales Lang。 

2008020156 

江苏北部晚志留世 “ 植物碎片 ” 的研究 = 

Upper Silurian “Phytodebris” from North Jiangsu, 

China. ( 英文 ). 王怿 ; 李军 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(1): 51-60 2 图版 . 

系统研究江苏北部晚志留世地层中的植 

物碎片 , 包括表皮 (3 个类型 )、管状体 (3 属 5 

种 ) 和其它分子。这些植物碎片与世界上 

( 如 :Anglo-Welsh Basin 和 Scotland) 同时期 

地层中的植物碎片相似。通过研究认为 , 这 

些表皮可能产自较高等陆生植物和 

Nematophytes; 管状体来自 Nematophyte。根 

据研究结果 , 并结合已有的资料 , 认为华南地 

区 Ludlow—Pridoli 期发育的 6 个沉积区。 

2008020157 

辽西中上侏罗统土城子组植物化石的新发 

现 = Discovery of fossil plants from Middle— 

Upper Jurassic Tuchengzi Formation in western 

Liaoning,China. ( 中文 ). 郑少林 ; 张武 ; 丁 

秋红 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 67-85 3 图版 . 

报道产自辽宁北票三宝营土城子组 2 种 

木化石及 10 种植物化石 ( 包括 5 新种 )。它 

们反映了干旱气候条件下沙漠绿洲型的植 

被特征 , 时代属中晚侏罗世。 

2008020158 

Nilsonia undulata sensu Stockmans et 

Mathieu,1939 的订正 —Nilsonia stockmansiinom 

.nov. = A new specific epithet Nilsonia 

Stockmansii nom. nov. Proposed for 

Nilsonia undulata sensu stockmans et mathieu, 

1939. ( 中文 ). 刘陆军 ; 姚兆奇 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(4): 543-545 

Nilssonia undulata Stockmans et 

Mathieu,1939 是 Nilssonia undulata Harris,1932 

的晚出异物同名 , 为此 , 作者为 

Nilssonia undulata sensu Stockmans et 

Mathieu 建立了一个新名称。据《植物命名 

国际规范》, 属名的原始拼缀 Nilsonia 应优 

先于后来拼缀 Nilssonia , 因之 , 新名称拼缀 

为 Nilsonia stockmansii nom. nov. 。 

2008020159 

淮北地区新元古代后生植物化石新材料 = 

New material of metaphytes from the Neoproterozoic 

Jinshanzhai Formation in Huaibei, 

North Anhui, China. ( 中文 ). 钱迈平 ; 袁训来 ; 

汪迎平 ; 闫永奎 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 

516-520 1 图版 . 

淮北元古界金山寨组最近发现了一批毫 

米 — 厘米级宏体碳质压膜化石 , 这些带状化 

石具有明显的固着器和营养体的分化 , 部分 

标本保存了紧密排列的横纹构造。根据这 

些特点 , 可以确定这些碳质压膜是后生植物 

化石 , 它们是新元古代早期生命多细胞化的 

可靠证据。 

2008020160 

中国中新世早 - 中期一湖泊的古生态 : 对山旺 

盆地植硅体研究的初步解释 = Palaeoecology 

of an Early-Middle Miocene lake in China: 

preliminary interpretations based on phytoliths 

from the Shanwang Basin. ( 中文 ). Caroline A 

E Stromberg; Else Marie Friis; 梁明媚 ; Lars 

Werdelin; 张玉亮 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 

45(2): 145-160 

山东山旺中新世山旺组湖相沉积中富含 

保存精美的古生物化石 . 对于湖相沉积中的 

昆虫、植物和哺乳动物化石 , 前人已经做了 

大量的研究工作 . 其中植物大化石和孢粉的 

研究结果表明 , 中新世山旺组在沉积期间 , 山 

旺湖周围的植被处于湿润的暖温带到亚热 

带的古生态环境下 . 哺乳动物蝙蝠和貘化石 

48

的研究结果也支持这个结论 . 然而 , 迄今为止 , 

还没有关于草本植物的种类组成及含量的 

研究报道 . 本文首次对山旺组样品中的植硅 

体进行了研究 , 为山旺中新世植被的研究提 

供了新的证据 . 对从 6 块山旺组样品中分析 

出的植硅体进行研究的结果表明 , 山旺中新 

世植硅体组合含有丰富的保存极好的草本 

植物植硅体 , 代表森林成分的双子叶植物植 

硅体 , 以及偶尔出现的棕榈科植硅体 . 草本植 

物的植硅体主要来自于 C 3 /C 4 禾本科的 

PACCAD 类群和早熟禾亚科的植物 , 少数可 

能来自于在林下封闭生活环境中生长的草 

本植物 . 山旺中新世植硅体组合显示 , 在湖边 

森林生活环境下 , 伴生大量的适合沼生到中 

生环境的草本植物 , 在较干旱的地区生长着 

早熟禾 ( 和 PACCAD) 的草本植物 . 本文的研 

究结果进一步支持山旺中新世气候比现在 

更加湿润而且变动较小的观点 . 山旺中新世 

植硅体组合与土耳其和北美大平原中新世 

湖相沉积中的植硅体组合不同 , 后者的植硅 

体组合主要是由多种 C 3 早熟禾亚科草本和 

不同种类的 PACCAD 类群草本植物组成 . 今 

后的研究工作将进一步揭示这种差异是否 

反映了草本植物群落在大尺度的生物地理 

上的差异 , 或者是由于地区性的局部气候不 

同所导致 . 

2008020161 

关于藏北改则地区夏岗江植物群及其地层 

时代的修订意见 = Revision of the age of the 

Xiagangjiang flora and its related strata in the 

Gêrzê area, northern Tibet, China. ( 中文 ). 纪 

占胜 ; 姚建新 ; 武桂春 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(8): 

953-959 

在 20 世纪 80 年代 , 关于藏北改则县夏岗 

江雪山地区的夏岗江植物群及其所在的坚 

扎弄组曾存在着早二叠世和晚二叠世 2 种 

不同的时代意见。2002 年 , 敌布错组发现后 , 

古植物学家认为敌布错组和坚扎弄组的植 

物化石面貌相同或相似 , 同属于夏岗江植物 

群。由于敌布错组被认为不整合覆盖在中 

二叠世下拉组之上 , 因此 , 地质学家认为敌布 

错组、坚扎弄组及其所含的夏岗江植物群 

的时代为晚二叠世。然而 , 最近敌布错组之 

下的所谓的下拉组中发现了早三叠世 — 晚 

三叠世的牙形石 , 同时在坚扎弄组和敌布错 

组中发现了晚三叠世 — 早中侏罗世的孢粉 

化石 , 因此 , 夏岗江植物群及其所在地层的时 

代不是原来认为的晚二叠世 , 而是晚三叠 

世 — 早、中侏罗世。 

2008020162 

早宾夕法尼亚系泥炭泥沼地中生物群落非 

均一性 = Community heterogeneity of Early 

Pennsylvanian peat mires. ( 英文 ). Gastaldo R 

A; Stevanovi -Walls I M; Ware W N; Greb S 

F. Geology, 2004, 32(8): 693-696 

Reconstructions of Pennsylvanian coal 

swamps are some of the most common images 

of late Paleozoic terrestrial ecosystems. All 

reconstructions to date are based on data from 

either time-averaged permineralized peats or 

single-site collections. An erect, in situ Early 

Pennsylvanian forest preserved above the Blue 

Creek Coal, Black Warrior Basin, Alabama, 

was sampled in 17 localities over an area of 

>0.5 km 2 , resulting in the first temporally and 

spatially constrained Pennsylvanian mire data 

set. This three-tiered forest was heterogeneous. 

Lycopsid and calamitean trees composed the 

canopy, and lepidodendrids, Lepidophloios, 

and sigillarians grew together at most sites. 

More juvenile than mature lycopsid biomass 

occurs in the forest-floor litter, indicating a 

mixed-age, multicohort canopy. Pteridophytes 

(tree fern) and pteridosperms (seed fern) 

dominated as understory shrubs, whereas 

sphenophyllaleans, pteridophytes, and pteridosperms 

composed the ground-cover and 

liana tier. The proportion of canopy, understory, 

and ground-cover biomass varied across 

the forest. Low proportions of ground-cover 

and liana taxa existed where canopy fossils 

accounted for >60% of the litter. There is a 

distinct spatial clustering of sites with more or 

less understory (or ground cover) where canopy 

contribution was

partial pressure. ( 英文 ). McElwain J C. Geology, 

2004, 32(12): 1017-1020 

Existing methods for determining paleoelevation 

are primarily limited by (1) large errors 

(±450 m), (2) a reliance on incorrect assumptions 

that lapse rates in terrestrial temperature 

decrease with altitude in a globally predictable 

manner, and/or (3) are inherently climate dependent. 

Here I present a novel paleoelevation 

tool, based on a predictable, globally conserved 

decrease in CO 2 partial pressure (pCO 2 ) 

with altitude, as indicated by increased 

stomatal frequency of plant leaves. The approach 

was validated using historical populations 

of black oak (Quercus kelloggii). These 

analyses demonstrate highly significant inverse 

relationships between stomatal frequency 

and pCO 2 (r 2 > 0.73), independent of 

ecological or local climatic variability. As 

such, this is the first paleobotanical method to 

be globally applicable and independent of 

long-term Cenozoic climate change. Further, 

tests on modern leaves of known elevations 

indicate that species-specific application to the 

fossil record of Q. kelloggii (= Q. pseudolyrata) 

will yield paleoelevation estimates 

within average errors of ±300 m, representing 

a significant improvement in accuracy over the 

majority of existing methods. 

2008020164 

阿根廷门多萨省伯特里洛斯三叠纪古植物 

群 = The Triassic paleoflora of potrerillos, 

Mendoza Province, Argentina. ( 其他 ). Artabe 

A E; Morel E M; Ganuza D G; Zavattieri A M; 

Spalletti LA. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 279- 

301 

At the Bayo and Cocodrilo Hills (Potrerillos, 

northwestern Mendoza Province, Argentina) 

two stratigraphic logs were measured in detail 

and 16 plantiferous levels were determined. In 

this contribution the systematic study of the 

paleoflora is presented. The 23 taxa recognized 

belong to Sphenopsida (Equisetales), 

Filicopsida (Filicales) and Gymnospermopsida 

(Corystospermales, Peltaspermales, Cycadales, 

Ginkgoales, Petriellales and Gnetales). The 

following taxa are described and compared: 

Equisetites fertilis (Frenguelli) Frenguelli, 

Neocalamites carrerei (Zeiller) Halle, Cladophlebis 

mesozoica Kurtz ex Frenguelli, 

Cladophlebis mendozaensis (Geinitz) Frenguelli, 

Dicroidium argenteum (Retallack) 

Gnaedinger and Herbst, Dicroidium dubimn 

(Feistmantel) Gothan, Dicroidium odontopteroides 

(Morris) Gothan, Johnstonia stelzneriana 

(Geinitz) Frenguelli, Johnstonia coriacea 

(Johnston) Walkom, Xylopteris elongata 

(Carruthers) Frenguelli, Zuberia feistmanteli 

(Johnston) Frenguelli, Feruglioa 

samaroides Frenguelli, Pachydermophyllum 

praecordillerae (Frenguelli) Retallack, 

Kurtziana cacheutensis (Kurtz) Frenguelli 

emend. Petriella and Arrondo, Sphenobaiera 

argentinae (Kurtz) Frenguelli, Baiera cuyana 

Frenguelli, Baiera africana Baldoni, Rochipteris 

sp., Yabeiella mareyesiaca (Geinitz) Oishi, 

Yabeiella spathulata Oishi, Yabeiella 

brackebuschiana (Kurtz) bishi, Fraxinopsis 

andium (Frenguelli) Anderson and Anderson 

and Gontriglossa sp. 

2008020165 

阿根廷门多萨上阿图尔河峡谷早侏罗世 El 

Freno 组对沉积学和古植物学的贡献 = 

Contribution to the sedimentological and palaeobotanical 

knowledge of the El Freno Formation 

(Early Jurassic) in the upper Atuel 

River Valley, Mendoza, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Spallett L A; Morel E M; Franzese J R; Artabe 

A E et al.. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 

Three detailed stratigraphic logs form the 

siliciclastic deposits belonging to the El Freno 

Formation (Sinemurian) have been measured 

at Las Chilcas Hill and at El Cholo Anticline 

(upper reaches of the Atuel River Valley, Andean 

Cordillera of Mendoza, Argentina). The 

El Freno Formation is composed of clastsupported 

conglomerates, gravelly sandstones, 

sandstones, mudstones and heterolithic levels. 

The El Freno deposits were formed in fluvial 

systems which were characterised by systematic 

changes in architectural style due to vertical 

and regional variations in accommodation 

space, clastic supply, discharge and regional 

slope. Tractional bedload systems and mixedload 

systems have been recognized. The former 

are characterised by vertical and lateral 

stacking of clast-supported coarse-grained 

deposits with common transitional flowregime 

and low flow-regime tractional structures. 

The mixed-load systems consist of repeated 

cycles of channel-fill and aggradational 

flood plain deposits. Two main types of palaeochannel 

geometries (strings and belts) 

have been distinguished in the mixed-load 

systems. Six plantiferous levels have been 

identified in the measured profiles. One of 

them had been previously defined by Borrello 

and studied by Herbst. The floral assemblage 

of the El Freno Formation is composed of 13 

taxa: Equisetites sp., Marattia munsteri 

(Goeppert) Zeiller, Cladophlebis mendozaensis 

(Geinitz) Frenguelli, Cladophlebis ugartei 

50

Herbst, Dictyophyllum (D.) atuelense Herbst, 

Dejerseya lobata (Jones and de Jersey) Herbst, 

Ardiangelskya proto-loxsoma (Kurtz) Herbst, 

Sagenopteris sp. cf. S. rhoifolia Presl, 

Kurtziana brandmayri Frenguelli, Otozamites 

bechei Brongniart, O. hislopi (Oldham) Feistmantel, 

Taeniopteris sp.b. and Elatocladus 

conferta (Oldham and Morris) Halle. This 

study, combined with the palaeobotanical 

analysis of five plantiferous levels in the cerro 

La Brea section, allowed us to define the 

overall palaeofloristic composition of the El 

Freno Formation. The El Freno palaeoflora 

was compared with other Jurassic palaeofloras 

of Argentina. A close relationship between the 

floristic assemblages of the El Freno Formation 

and the Lower Jurassic Nestares Formation 

(located in the northwestern sector of the 

North Patagonian Massif) has been established. 

2008020166 

突尼斯东南部塔塔温 Beni Barka 地区卡洛 

夫阶一个新的植物化石产地 : 古植物学和 

埋葬学 = A new fossil plant locality from the 

Callovian of Beni Barka, Tataouine area, 

southeastern Tunisia: Palaeobotany and taphonomy. 

( 法文 ). Barale G; Ouaja M; Srarfi 

D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2007, 6(6-7): 

375-384 

Palaeobotanical material has been collected 

from the Callovian of Beni Barka, 4 km south 

of Tataouine (South Tunisia). The fossil plants 

originate from a limestone formation just below 

the carbonate bar, that delimits the Beni 

Oussid member which belongs to the marls 

and limestones of Tataouine Formation. The 

floristic composition is marked by the presence 

of Pteridophytes: Piazopteris branneri 

(White) Lorch and Coniferophytes: Brachyphyllum 

trauti Barale et Contini, Pagiophyllum 

cf. crassifolium Schenk, Araucarites sp., 

Podozamites sp. This flora was present in a 

margino-littoral platform situated between the 

African continent to the south and the South- 

Tethyan ocean to the north. The autochthony 

of the locality is demonstrated. Comparisons 

are made with the floras situated at the northern 

and southern margins of the Tethys Sea. A 

sub-tropical climate was present, favouring 

the development of a ripisilve flora of conifers, 

with an underwood of ferns. 

2008020167 

突尼斯东南部塔塔温 Beni Barka 地区卡洛 

夫阶一个新的植物化石产地 : 古植物学和 

埋葬学 = A new fossil plant locality from the 

Callovian of Beni Barka, Tataouine area, 

southeastern Tunisia: Palaeobotany and taphonomy. 

( 法文 ). Barale G; Ouaja M; Srarfi 

D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2007, 6(6-7): 

375-384 

Palaeobotanical material has been collected 

from the Callovian of Beni Barka, 4 km south 

of Tataouine (South Tunisia). The fossil plants 

originate from a limestone formation just below 

the carbonate bar, that delimits the Beni 

Oussid member which belongs to the marls 

and limestones of Tataouine Formation. The 

floristic composition is marked by the presence 

of Pteridophytes: Piazopteris branneri 

(White) Lorch and Coniferophytes: Brachyphyllum 

trauti Barale et Contini, Pagiophyllum 

cf. crassifolium Schenk, Araucarites sp., 

Podozamites sp. This flora was present in a 

margino-littoral platform situated between the 

African continent to the south and the South- 

Tethyan ocean to the north. The autochthony 

of the locality is demonstrated. Comparisons 

are made with the floras situated at the northern 

and southern margins of the Tethys Sea. A 

sub-tropical climate was present, favouring 

the development of a ripisilve flora of conifers, 

with an underwood of ferns. 

藻类 

2008020168 

西北欧巴列姆阶 / 阿普第阶界线附近钙质超 

微化石 : 高分辨率生物地层学和古生态学意 

义研究 = Calcareous nannofossils of the Barremian/Aptian 

boundary interval in NW 

Europe: biostratigraphic and palaeoecologic 

implications of a high resolution study. ( 英文 ). 

Bischoff G; Mutterlose J. Cretaceous Research, 

1998, 19(5): 635-661 

Detailed qualitative and quantitative studies 

of the distribution of calcareous nannofossils 

from six sections in NW Germany and the 

North Sea area covering the Barremian-Aptian 

boundary interval have been carried out. Fifteen 

nannofossil events (first occurrences, last 

occurrences, acmes) characterize the Upper 

Barremian to Lower Aptian sediments of NW 

Europe. Using the methods of quantitative 

stratigraphy a high resolution biostratigraphy 

based on calcareous nannofossil events is proposed. 

Most of these events can be recognized 

throughout NW Europe (NW Germany, North 

Sea) and allow a correlation throughout the 

North Sea. There is a general shift from endemic 

assemblages dominating in the Barremian 

towards more cosmopolitan ones in the 

Aptian. 

51

A distinctive pattern of nannofossil acmes 

can be recognized to repeat itself four times. 

These phases may represent marine incursions 

or minor transgressions enabling cosmopolitan 

(Tethyan) species to enter the Boreal Realm: 

(1) latest Barremian (before the first occurrence 

ofRucinolithus irregularis); (2) earliest 

Aptian (before the Fischschiefer); (3) Early 

Aptian (during the deposition of the 

Fischschiefer); (4) mid Early Aptian (after the 

deposition of the Fischschiefer). 

The Fischschiefer, an organic-rich sediment of 

Early Aptian age, deposited under anoxic conditions, 

is considered to be a regional phenomenon. 

The Boreal-Tethyan nannofloral 

homogenization in the Early Aptian can be 

explained by sea-level changes and regional 

phenomena such as enhanced transfer of nutrients 

into the Boreal Sea under warm and 

humid conditions of the mid Cretaceous climate. 

2008020169 

过去 350 百万年绒枝藻多样性与全球温度 

和海平面变化的对比 = Dasycladalean algal 

biodiversity compared with global variations 

in temperature and sea level over the past 350 

Myr. ( 英文 ). Aguirre J; Riding R. 

Palaios, 2005, 20(6): 581–588 

Dasycladalean green algae show marked 

fluctuation in genus and species biodiversity 

from the Carboniferous to the Pliocene. Diversity 

lows (70 species) over periods of 20–50 Myr. 

Relatively few taxa are recorded for the earliest 

Carboniferous, Early Triassic, Early to 

Mid-Jurassic, Late Cretaceous, and Pliocene. 

Diversity maxima occur in the Permian, Early 

Cretaceous, and Paleocene. With the exception 

of the Late Cretaceous, biodiversity 

broadly tracked temperature from the Carboniferous 

to the Pliocene. Diversity minima generally 

correspond with low sea level, and diversity 

maxima with periods of intermediate 

sea level. Dasycladaleans were most diverse 

when their main habitats—warm shallow 

seas—were most extensive. This observation 

does not preclude the influence of additional 

important factors on dasycladalean evolutionary 

history, but it suggests a strong link between 

long-term patterns of dasycladalean 

diversity and global fluctuations in temperature 

and sea level. 

2008020170 

冲绳海槽表层沉积硅藻对黑潮流的响应 = 

Surficial sedimentary diatoms in Okinawa 

Trough and its response to Kuroshio Current. 

( 中文 ). 蓝东兆 ; 方琦 ; 廖连招 . 台湾海峡 , 2002, 

21(1): 1-5 

本文报道了冲绳海槽表层沉积物中优势 

硅藻种的相对含量、热带远洋种和硅藻组 

合的分布特征 , 讨论了热带远洋种的相对 

含量与黑潮流、硅藻组合的分布与物质来 

源的关系等问题。结果表明 , 热带远洋种 

的相对含量 > 20% 的界线与黑潮流的边界 

基本上一致 ; 优势硅藻种和硅藻组合的分 

布留下了与物质来源的关系较为密切的记 

录。 

2008020171 

东海陆架晚第四纪沉积硅藻及其古海洋学 

意义 = Late Quaternary sedimentary diatom 

from East China Sea continental shelf and its 

paleoceanographical significance. ( 中文 ). 李 

超 ; 蓝东兆 ; 方琦 . 台湾海峡 , 2002, 21(3): 351- 

359 

本文对东海陆架 DG9617 岩芯沉积硅藻 

进行了研究 , 共分析鉴定出 97 种和变种 , 

有近 10 种硅藻在岩芯中连续分布 , 且有较 

高的含量 , 而其余种类含量极低 , 仅零星 

检出 , 根据该岩芯中产出硅藻种类、含量 

及硅藻丰度变化特征自下而上共划分出 3 

个硅藻组合带及 5 个亚带。结合孢粉资 

料 , 对产出 3 个不同硅藻带岩芯的地层年 

代进行了对比研究 , 表明该岩芯所代表的 

地层年代为中 - 晚全新世 , 硅藻 I 组合带大 

致为大西洋期的沉积 , 硅藻 II 组合带应为 

亚北方期的产物 , 而硅藻 III 组合带与亚大 

西洋期对应。文中并对没硅藻组合带产出 

时的古海洋环境进行了初步探讨。 

2008020172 

江苏北部新元古界贾园组和赵圩组的微古 

植物群及其地层意义 = Micropalaeoflora and 

their stratigraphic significance in Jiayuan and 

Zhaowei Formation of North Jiangsu from 

Neoproterozoic erathem. ( 中文 ). 阎永奎 . 江 

苏地质 , 2002, 26(1): 1-6 1 图版 . 

对采自江苏北部铜山县新元古界贾园组 

上部的灰色中厚层砂泥质灰岩、粉砂质灰 

岩和赵圩组下部的青灰色厚层灰岩中的微 

古植物群样品 , 进行了以浸解法为主 , 辅 

以磨片法的研究 , 共发现 14 属、19 种 , 其 

中有 1 新属、2 个新种。研究结果表明 , 贾 

园组和赵圩组的微古植物群虽属、种较 

少 , 但化厂体的纹饰较复杂、结构明显。 

就其微古植物组合特征看 , 它与我国北方 

新元古界的化石组合有较大差别 , 而更近 

52

似于我国南方前震旦系的南华系 ( 扬子 

系 ) 上部的微古植物组合 , 地质时限为距 

今 740Ma~700Ma 之间。 

2008020173 

波兰喀尔巴阡山脉 Magura Nappe Folusz 

晚始新世 - 早渐新世具有机质壁沟鞭藻胞囊 

= Late Eocene – early Oligocene organicwalled 

dinoflagellate cysts from 

Folusz,Magura Nappe, Polish Carpathians. ( 英 

文 ). Gedl P. Acta Palaeobotanica, 2005, 45(1): 

27–83 

This paper provides documentation of organic-walled 

dinoflagellate cysts recorded 

from the Eocene-Oligocene transition interval 

exposed at Folusz, northern part of the Magura 

Nappe, Carpathians, Poland. Dinoflagellate 

cysts (147 taxa have been recognized) are 

reported for the first time from this area, 31 

dinoflagellate cyst species left in open nomenclature 

are described. Their distribution suggests 

late Eocene age of the basal part of the 

Szymbark shale and early Oligocene age of 

the uppermost part of this unit and of the Magura 

Formation. Some dinoflagellate cyst species 

from the studied section have stratigraphic 

ranges different from those of higher 

latitudes. Palaeoenvironmental preferences of 

selected species are suggested. Frequent recycled 

dinoflagellate cysts are noted, including 

Jurassic, Cretaceous and early Palaeogene 

taxa. 

2008020174 

东海陆缘 ( 闽北段 ) 晚第四纪沉积的硅藻 

学研究 = The study on diatom of Late Quaternary 

sediment in the continental margin of 

the East China Sea (northern Fujian member). 

( 中文 ). 王开发 ; 支崇远 ; 郑玉龙 ; 王洪根 . 沉积 

学报 , 2002, 20(1): 135-143 

对东海陆缘 ( 闽北段 ) 晚第四纪沉积 4 

口钻井岩心进行系统的硅藻分析研究 , 获 

得丰富的硅藻化石 , 共发现硅藻 117 种和 

变种 , 分属于 33 个属。根据剖面硅藻组合 

特征变化 , 结合最优分割法和对应序分法 

的计算机运算结果 , 可以详细划分为 12 个 

硅藻带 , 自下而上为 :1. Cascinodiscus argus-Cos. 

wittiomus-Cyclotella striata 硅藻 

带 ,2. Cos. blandus-Cyclotella striata 硅藻 

带 ,3. Cos. excentricus-Trbliepteychus cocconiformis 

硅藻带 ,4. Gomphonema-Cos. 

blandus-Actnolychus ralfsii 硅藻带 ,5. Cos.- 

Cyclotella striata-Actinocyclus ralfsii 硅藻 

带 ,6. Cos.-Actinolychus ralfsii 硅藻带 ,7. 

贫乏硅藻带 ,8. Cos. lineatus-Cos. rothii- 

Actinolyclus ralfsii 硅藻带 ,9. Gomphonema- 

Cyclotella striata-Cocconeis placentula var 

euglypta 硅藻带 ,10. Cos. rothii-Cyclotella 

striata-Actinolychus ralfsi, 11. Cymbella affinis-Cyclotella 

striata-Gomphonema 硅藻 

带 ,12. Coscinodiscus wittinus-Cyclotella 

striata-Epithemia hyndmanni 硅藻带 , 建立 

了该区晚第四纪硅藻组合序列 , 并探讨其 

相应的古环境演化。 

2008020175 

燕辽地区中、晚元古代宏观藻类化石研究 

= Research of the megascopic algal fossils 

from the Middle-Late Proterozoic in Yan-Liao 

area, northern China. ( 中文 ). 牛绍武 . 地质调 

查与研究 , 2002, 25(1): 28-35 

以蓟县中、上元古界层型剖面所产宏观 

藻类化石为重点 , 兼职京冀辽等邻区 , 全 

面总结和系统讨论了该区中、晚元古代宏 

观藻类化石的研究简史、产出层位、区域 

分布、化石组合、生物群特征、可能的系 

统分类 , 以及国内外对比与地层学意义 , 

初步探讨了宏观藻类植物群在中、新元古 

代的发生、发展与更迭 , 追索宏观真核生 

物起源等。通过对燕地区中、新元古代宏 

观藻类的研究与总结 , 把显生宙行之有效 

的生物地层学方法运用于前寒武纪地层研 

究中 , 进行国内外前寒武纪地层的对比 , 

显然具有重要的地层学意义。同时 , 对探 

讨地球早期生命演化也具有重要的理论意 

义。 

2008020176 

天津蓟县常州沟组 ( 约 1800Ma) 微古植物 

的发现及其意义 = Discovery of micropalaeoflora 

from the Changzhougou Formation 

in Jixian, Tianjin China. ( 中文 ). 孙淑芬 ; 朱士 

兴 ; 黄学光 . 地质调查与研究 , 2002, 25(1): 

48-51 1 图版 . 

长城系位于中国晚前寒纪底部 , 下限约 

为 18 亿年 , 上限约为 14 亿年。该系以碎 

屑岩为主 , 夹不同数量的碳酸岩和火山 

岩 , 厚度可达 4 000~5 000m, 在全国都有 

分布。自上而下 , 长城系包括常州沟组 , 

串岭沟组、团山子组、大红峪组和高于庄 

组。在各组中均含有微古植物 , 以串岭沟 

组页岩中最为丰富。但在天津蓟县常州沟 

组发现较丰富的微古植物化石确是首次。 

膜壳轮廓多呈圆形或椭圆形 , 个体直径 

10~20 μm 者占优势 ; 表面纹饰以光面的 

Leiominuscula 和粗面的 Trachysphaeridium 

53

等属的分子为主体并有少量纹饰较复杂的 

分子 ; 具大量藻类碎片。以上组合物征充 

分显示出长城系的特色。 

2008020177 

硅藻分析与第四纪定量古地理和古气候研 

究 = Diatom analysis in quantitative reconstruction 

of Quaternary paleogeography and 

paleoclimate. ( 中文 ). 蒋辉 ; 吕厚远 ; 支崇远 ; 羊 

向东 . 第四纪研究 , 2002, 22(2): 1132-122 

本文以硅藻分析为例 , 叙述了综合运用 

古生物数据和数理统计的手段进行定量恢 

复古地理环境和古气候的研究方法。内容 

包括建立现代生物 - 环境变量数据库和生 

物化厂数据库的目的、要求、方法以及具 

体步骤 , 并通过一个海洋钻孔的实例对其 

成果解释作了详细介绍。 

2008020178 

土耳其安纳托利亚中部阿克萨拉伊高原硅 

藻群落、岩石相和上新世硅藻岩沉积的古 

环境解释 = Diatom communities, lithofacies 

characteristics and paleoenvironmental interpretation 

of Pliocene diatomite deposits in the 

Ihlara–Selime plain (Aksaray, Central Anatolia, 

Turkey). ( 英文 ). Gürel A; Yıldız A. Journal 

of Asian Earth Sciences, 2007, 30(1): 170- 

180 

The present investigation uses palaeontological, 

sedimentological, mineralogical and 

chemical analyses of diatom-bearing lacustrine 

deposits to determine the palaeoenvironmental 

history of the Pliocene-age of the 

Ihlara–Selime plain in the western part of the 

Cappadocia Volcanic Province. The diatomite 

is composed of amorphous silica, opal, cristobalite, 

quartz, feldspar and montmorillonite. 

Chemical analyses show that diatomite is 

comprised of SiO 2 85.05%, Al 2 O 3 5.30%, 

Fe 2 O 3 1.22%, CaO 0.12%, MgO 0.58%, Na 2 O 

1.52% and K 2 O 0.22%. The high SiO 2 content 

of Ihlara–Selime plain diatomite is highly 

conspicuous, as it could be predicted. Six horizons 

comprised of diatomite, palaeosols, 

limestone, massive conglomerate, massive 

calcrete, and trough-cross bedded sandstone 

describe the associated lithofacies (A–F). 

Twenty-five species were identified belonging 

to 20 diatom genera, from the analysis of 24 

samples from three excavated sections of diatomite. 

The fossil diatom assemblages are 

mainly comprised of freshwater, epipelic, 

mesotrophic, mesosaprophic and alkaline 

forms. The flora is dominated by benthic species 

with very low abundance of planktonic 

species, indicating that the diatomite of the 

area under study was deposited in a shallow, 

silicate rich, alkaline and mesotrophic freshwater 

lake. Water levels, nutrient content, water 

temperature and alkalinity fluctuated 

through time. In addition, there was a difference 

between section one, and sections two 

and three locations in terms of the deposition 

conditions. 

2008020179 

江苏盐城上冈全新世颗石藻及其环境控制 

= Distribution and environmental control of 

calcareous nannofossil gephyrocapsa oceanica 

of the Holocene from Shanggang, Yancheng, 

northern Jiangsu. ( 中文 ). 钟石兰 ; 祝幼华 ; 王 

建 ; 章炳高 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(2): 

149-155 1 图版 . 

盐城上冈地区全新世期间处于泥砂质潮 

滩环境。根据有孔虫组合分析 , 这套近岸潮 

滩沉积代表潮下带 — 潮间带 — 潮上带的一 

次大海退过程。本文分析了上冈村砖瓦厂 

采泥坑东侧 SGE 柱状剖面全新统的颗石藻 

化石 , 结果发现这套沉积物仅仅含 

Gephyrocapsa oceanica 单一属种 , 而且丰度 

较低。但这个种在剖面上的丰度分布显示 

三分性 : 即自下至上为贫乏或缺失间隔、较 

常见间隔和常见间隔 , 基本上对应于潮下 

带、潮间带和潮上带。一般情况下 , 潮坪区 

由海向陆水动力由强至弱 , 各相带的水动力 

条件不同 , 其沉积特征各异。颗石藻胳架十 

分细微 , 在海水中往往以悬浮形式搬运 , 并在 

水动力较弱时停积。所以 , 水动力是 G. oceanica 

分布的直接控制因素。 

2008020180 

北海盆地 (Frida-1 井 , 丹麦 ) 渐新世 - 中 

新世界线附近具有机壁的沟鞭藻囊孢的生 

物地层学以及从洋盆到边缘海的地层对比 

= Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy 

in an expanded Oligocene-Miocene 

boundary section in the eastern North Sea Basin 

(Frida-1 Well, Denmark) and correlation 

from basinal to marginal areas. ( 英文 ). 

Dybkjaer K; Rasmussen E S. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2007, 26(part 1): 1-17 

The organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) 

assemblages in an unusually thick 

(>800m) Oligocene-Miocene boundary succession 

from the eastern North Sea Basin (the 

Frida-1 Well) were studied. Six successive 

dinocyst assemblages are described: the Wetzeliella 

gochtii Assemblage (early Chattian), 

the Distatodinhan biffii Assemblage (Chat- 

54

tian), the Deflandrea phosphoritica Assemblage 

(latest Chattian), the Holnotryblium spp. 

Assemblage (early Aquitanian), the Caligodinium 

amiculum Assemblage (Aquitanian) and 

the Cordosphaeridium cantharellus Assemblage 

(latest Aquitanian to early Burdigalian). 

The dinocyst assemblages are compared with 

informal dinocyst zonations proposed for the 

southern North Sea Basin (Germany, Belgium 

and the Netherlands). 

2008020181 

Navilithus altivelum: 一个重要的深透光带 

颗石藻新属新种 = Navilithus altivelum: a 

remarkable new genus and species of deep 

photic coccolithophores. ( 英文 ). Young J R; 

Andruleit H. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2006, 25(part 2): 141-151 

A very distinctive new deep-photic coccolithophore 

is described from the NE Indian 

Ocean. The new species is trimorphic with: 

200-300 body coccoliths bearing low spines 

attached by narrow stems to a basal narrowrimmed 

placolith structure; up to 18 circumflagellar 

coccoliths with tall sail-like spines; 

and up to 22 coccoliths with moderately elevated 

spines occurring both around the 

circum-flagellar coccoliths and antapically. 

These features make the coccolithophore 

unique and require placement in a new species 

and genus. The basal structure, however, 

shows similarities to a recently recognized 

group of narrow-rimmed placoliths. Hence, 

the new coccolithophore provides some support 

for this grouping as a significant addition 

to our understanding of coccolithophore biodiversity, 

and potentially an explanation for a 

set of anomalous molecular genetic results. In 

addition the new taxon provides further evidence 

that the deep-photic coccolithophore 

community is more diverse than has been assumed. 

2008020182 

欧洲中部类特提斯地区中部中新世中 - 早期 

沟鞭藻囊孢的地层学 = Early and Middle 

Miocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy of the 

Central Paratethys, Central Europe. ( 英文 ). 

Jimenez-Moreno G; Head M J; Harzhauser M. 


2): 113-139 

Marine organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts 

have been studied from the Early and Middle 

Miocene of the Central Paratethys in Austria 

(Vienna and eastern Alpine Foreland basins) 

and Hungary (Pannonian Basin), and compared 

with assemblages of similar age from 

the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. 

The presence of a diverse flora of 71 taxa, 

including such biostratigraphical markers as 

Apteodinium spiridoides, Cerebrocysta 

poulsenii, Cordosphaeridium cantharellus, 

Cribroperidinium tenuitabulatum, Exochosphaeridium 

insigne, Glaphyrocysta reticulosa 

s.l., Habibacysta tectata, Labyrinthodinium 

truncatum subsp. truncatum, Palaeocystodinium 

miocaenicum, and Unipontidinium 

aquaeductus, has allowed the establishment of 

five biozones that characterize the Ottnangian, 

Badenian and Sarmatian local stages (collectively 

equivalent to the mid-Burdigalian, upper 

Langhian and Serravallian stages). This is 

the first study to demonstrate the applicability 

of dinoflagellate cysts for detailed stratigraphic 

correlation and palaeoenvironmental 

interpretation in the Early and Middle Miocene 

of the Central Paratethys area. 

2008020183 

苏北盆地阜宁组钙质超微化石由来初探 = 

A preliminary study on the origin of calcareous 

nannofossils discovered in the Funing 

Formation from the northern Jiangsu Basin. 

( 中文 ). 祝幼华 ; 钟石兰 ; 杨晓清 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2001, 18(3): 268-273 1 图版 . 

对苏北盆地 4 个钻孔 300 余块岩心样品 

进行了分析 , 在阜宁组的 8 块样品中发现了 

钙质超微化石 , 计 3 属 1 种及 3 个比较种。 

化石属种单调 , 保存较差 , 受到严重的溶蚀或 

增生。结合这些种类的分布时代和产出层 

位 , 很难排除苏北盆地阜宁组钙质超微化石 

再沉积的属性。 

2008020184 

瓮安陡山沱组磷块岩中球状绿藻化石繁殖 

机制的发现 ( 英文 ) = Reproduction pattern of 

the spherical chlorophyte fossils from the 

Doushantuo Formation, Weng'an, Guizhou. 

( 英文 ). 薛耀松 ; 周传明 ; 唐天福 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2001, 18(4): 373-378 2 图版 . 

贵州瓮安陡山沱组上段含磷地层中产有 

大量球状微化石 , 其中一些被鉴定为绿藻类 

分子。肖书海等认为这些被鉴定为绿藻分 

子的单细胞和多细胞球状化石中的 Megasphaera 

和 Parapandorina 两属是动物卵和胚 

胎发育早期的化石。这一解释引起国际古 

生物学界的关注。然而 , 动物胚胎早期几次 

分裂非常迅速 , 可能在 24 小时或更短的时间 

内即达到 64 细胞分裂阶段 , 这使 “ 动物胚胎 ” 

的解释蒙上难以捉摸的阴云。近年来 , 我们 

在实体标本的电镜扫描和岩石薄片研究中 , 

55

观察到配子的存在和动孢子的释放 , 这是绿 

藻类繁殖的明显证据。在电子显微镜下 , 一 

个 8 细胞球状化石 (Parapandorina raphospissa) 

( 直径约 600μm) 的一个细胞中有若干 

特别的小球体 : 外形陀螺状 , 直径和高均约为 

20μm, 一端平而具螺旋状 “ 脊 ” 样装饰。我们 

认为这是被磷酸盐化而保存下来的配子。 

在岩石薄片中 , 见到表面光滑的球状化石的 

切面 ( 直径约 260μm) 中有一个圆形开口 ( 直 

径 100μm), 原生质凝缩后被磷酸盐化 , 与壁 

分离产生的孔洞中有连续的葡萄状磷质膜 

围绕 , 残余孔洞为白云石充填。另一个类似 

的切面 ( 直径 240μm) 显示具有较厚的细胞壁 , 

也有一个直径 100μm 的开口 , 成岩白云石的 

" 塞子 " 中保存着一个直径约 20μm 的磷酸盐 

化的小球 , 清晰地显示从开口处向外释放的 

状态 . 它们很象是一个合子和正在释放的动 

孢子 .Megaclonophycus onustus 的似亲孢子 

直径较大 , 其形状和特征非常象 M. inornata 

的细胞 . 推测 Megaclonophycus onustus 和 M. 

inornata 是同一类生物在不同生活周期阶段 

中保存的化石 ( 图 1). 而以动孢子进行繁殖和 

以似亲孢子繁殖的微生物不是一类 , 按 Bold 

和 Wynne 的分类应分别置于绿球藻目和小 

球藻目 . 

上述材料表明 ,Megasphaera inornata 和 

Parapandorina raphospissa 具有无性和有性 

繁殖机制 , 显然不是动物卵或胚胎早期发育 

阶段所应有的特征 . 现生 Pandorina 通常包 

含 8-16 个细胞 , 行无性繁殖时每个细胞进行 

一系列分裂而成为一个似亲群体 , 似亲群体 

被释放出来而发育成一个成熟个体 ; 行有性 

繁殖时 , 雌雄异体的 Pandorina 的每一个细 

胞都能转变为一个配子囊 , 释放出的配子结 

合成合子 , 然后发育成新个体 . 

2008020185 

东海表层沉积硅藻组合与环境关系研究 = 

Study on the relationship between diatom assemblage 

in surface sediments and the environment 

in the East China Sea. ( 中文 ). 王开 

发 ; 蒋辉 ; 支崇远 ; 陶明华 ; 王洪根 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2001, 18(4): 379-384 1 图版 . 

对东海表层沉积硅藻分析研究 , 共发现有 

103 种和变种 , 根据其中分布特征和规律 , 结 

合因子负荷变化曲线 , 把东海表层沉积划分 

为六个硅藻组合和分布区 , 并探讨影响硅藻 

分布的环境因素 , 为恢复古环境提供科学依 

据。 

2008020186 

渤海沿岸临清坳陷堂古 5 井中三叠统轮藻 

化石与地层划分对比 = Middle Triassic 

charophytes from hole Tanggu-5 and the subdivission 

and correlation of the Lower-Middle 

Triassic red beds in lingqing depression, 

Bohai Sea coast. ( 中文 ). 蒋飞虎 ; 杨静 ; 刘长番 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(4): 406-411 1 图 

版 . 

在临清坳陷堂古 5 井发现轮藻化石 

Stenochara 和 Stellatochara 两属 7 种 , 证实 

该区存在中三叠世地层。根据地层层序、 

岩石地层特征和区域地质资料分析 , 该区亦 

应存在下三叠统 , 并建议参照区域方案将该 

区中、下三叠统红层划分为刘家沟组、和 

尚沟组和二马营组。 

2008020187 

塔里木盆地吐克尔明剖面第三系苏维依组 

的介形类和轮藻化石 = Fossil ostracods and 

charophytes from the Suweiyi Formation(Tertiary) 

in Kuqa depression of Tarim 

Basin, NW China. ( 中文 ). 钟端 ; 赵培荣 ; 袁凤 

钿 ; 张泽润 ; 王启飞 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 

93-100 2 图版 . 

报道产自新疆天山南麓轮台县吐克尔明 

地区第三系苏维依组的 5 属 10 种介形类化 

石和 2 属 5 种轮藻化石 , 并讨论其地质时代 

和上、下第三系的界线。 

2008020188 

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地早白垩世滴道组的 

沟鞭藻类 = Early Cretaceous dinoflagellates 

from the Didao Formation in the Jixi Basin, 

eastern Heilongjiang Province,NE China. ( 中 

文 ). 程金辉 ; 何承全 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(1): 127-133 

首次描述鸡西盆地滴道组的沟鞭藻化石 2 

新种 : Lagenorhytis granorugosus sp. nov. 和 

Vesperopsisdi daoensis sp. nov.; 讨论沟鞭藻 

组合特征、地质时代及沉积环境 ; 认为滴道 

组含沟鞭藻化石的层段的时代为早白垩世 

早期 , 很可能为 Berriasian—Valanginian 期。 

沟鞭藻化石证实 , 在早白垩世早期滴道组沉 

积时 , 鸡西盆地曾遭受短暂的弱的海水影 

响。 

2008020189 

化石硅藻新指标在西藏南部昂仁湖全新世 

环境演变中的应用 = Application of new 

diatom index in reconstruction of Holocene 

environmental changes in Angren Lake, 

southern Xizang (Tibet). ( 中文 ). 李升峰 ; 张建 

56

新 ; 张兆干 ; 王富葆 ; 李徐生 ; 韩辉友 ; 曾昭琪 ; 朱 

立平 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 143-150 

应用化石硅藻属组合和属系数两个新指 

标对西藏南部昂仁湖 (2 9°18′N ,87°11′E) 剖 

面硅藻记录进行解析 , 得出该地区在 11 

000— 6 000 aBP 间经历了寒冷期 (11 095— 

9 970 aBP)→ 温和期 (9 970—9 870 aBP)→ 升 

温期 (9 870— 9 770aBP)→ 凉干期 (9 770— 8 

740 aBP)→ 超高温期 (8 740— 8 590 aBP)→ 

高温期 (8 590 - 5 970 aBP) 的演变序列。同 

时发现在寒冷期存在增温 (10 710 aBP) 和降 

温 (10 430 aBP) 波动 ; 凉干期 8 800— 8 760 

aBP 附近存在强低温事件 ; 超高温期中的最 

高温出现在 8 680 aBP 附近 ; 在高温期 8 

000—7 920 aBP 和 7 170—7 090 aBP 两个小 

时段分别存在增降温波动。在 6 430 aBP 附 

近存在明显的旱化现象。同时发现在研究 

时期除了存在 1 000 年的气候变化周期外还 

存在 15 0— 200 年左右的气候转型期。昂 

仁湖发育则至少经历了缓慢扩张 (11 000— 

8 740 aBP)→ 快速扩张 (8 740— 8 590 

aBP)→ 缓慢退缩 (8 590-5 970 aBP) 3 个大阶 

段。也因此验证化石硅藻属组合和属系数 

两个新指标至少在富含硅藻的封闭湖盆环 

境演变研究中的有效性和便捷性。 

2008020190 

论锥叠层石群 (Conophyton) 的形态发生 — 

对苏北新元古代九顶山组一个似锥叠层石 

的剖析 = On morphogenesis of conophyton 

stromatolites —analyses of a Conophyton-like 

specimen from Neoproterozoic Jiudingshan 

Formation in N. Jiangsu Province, China. ( 中 

文 ). 曹瑞骥 ; 袁训来 ; 肖书海 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(3): 318-329 3 图版 . 

根据对苏北新元古代九顶山组似锥叠层 

石标本的剖析 , 初步揭示构成似 Conophyton 

叠层石的微生物席可以分为两类。这两类 

席被作者称为 “ 开端微生物席 (first microbial 

mat)” 和 “ 继承微生物席 (succedent microbial 

mat)”。它们在整个叠层石发生和发育过程 

中起作不同作用。Conophyton 叠层石的形 

态发生可能与开端微生物席的造型有着密 

切联系 , 这类微生物席在叠层石形成过程中 

起作生长 “ 芽 ” 或模具作用。继承微生物席 

仅仅起作叠层石的增高或增大的作用 , 它的 

发育经常受环境制约。 

2008020191 

胶州湾表层沉积颗石藻 Gephyrocapsa oceanica 

的分布模式及其与环境的关系 ( 英文 ) 

= Distribution patterns of nannofossil gephyrocapsa 

oceanica in surficial sediments of 

Jiaozhou Bay, southern Shandong peninsula, 

China. ( 英文 ). 钟石兰 ; 汪亚平 ; 高抒 ; 曹奇源 ; 

祝幼华 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(4): 505-513 1 

图版 . 

对胶州湾和邻近海域表层沉积中颗石藻 

Gephyrocapsa oceanica 的分布进行初步研 

究 , 并提出胶州湾内这个种的分布模式。研 

究结果表明 , 该种在胶州湾和邻近海域表层 

沉积颗石藻组合中占绝对优势 , 几个从属种 

类 Braarodosphaera bigelowii,Syracosphaera 

histrica,S. lamina 和 Acantholithus sp. 等 , 在 

一些样品中稀少。在胶州湾 , 依据 

Gephyrocapsa oceanica 丰度的变化 , 自岸向 

海可以划分三个分布带 : 向岸常见带、浅水 

丰富带和深水富集带。这一分布模式与海 

湾水下地貌有密切的关系。在湾外的近岸 

海域 , 该种的分布呈现出与湾内相似的特 

征。 

2008020192 

黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地城子河组下部早白 

垩世欧特里夫晚期海相沟鞭藻类 = Late 

Hauterivian dinoflagellatesf rom the lower 

part of the Chengzihe Formation in Jixi Basin , 

eastern Heilongjiang ,NE China. ( 中文 ). 何承 

全 ; 孙学坤 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 46-62 3 

图版 . 

描述黑龙江省东部鸡西盆地典型的城子 

河组下部海相层 ( 包括南部条带海相层 , 即原 

“ 石河北组 ”) 的沟鞭藻类化石 15 属 19 种 , 含 

1 新种和 1 新组合种。它们可分出两个沟鞭 

藻组合 :Odontochitina operculata- Muderongia 

tetracantha 组合 ( 下部 ) 和 

Vesperopsis zhaodongensis 组合 ( 上部 ); 讨论 

沟鞭藻组合的特征及其地质时代 , 并与国际 

上有关地层进行对比 , 认为典型的城子河组 

下部海相层的时代为 Hauterivian 晚期。据 

此 , 推测城子河组下部 , 即海相层及其下的地 

层时代属 Valanginian 晚期 —Hauterivian 晚 

期。 

2008020193 

陕西宁强早志留世灰泥丘中微生物及其造 

岩意义 = Microbial fossils in Lower Silurian 

micrite mound, Ningqiang, southern Shaanxi. 

( 中文 ). 张廷山 ; 边立曾 ; 俞剑华 ; 兰光志 ; 孙蓬 

育 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 263-266 1 图版 . 

通过扫描电镜分析 , 在陕西宁强早志留世 

深缓坡微晶灰泥丘中发现 3 种微生物化石 , 

分别为 : (1) 表面光滑卵球体 , 其大小为 

5μm× 3μm, 壳体表面光滑 , 长轴端具有圆形 

57

凹坑或凸起 , 可能为芽体及芽痕 ; 此类化石 

能与真菌类菌孢对比 ; (2) 表面粗糙的椭球 

体 , 其大小为 60 μm×50 μm, 壳体表面粗糙 , 

具蠕虫状断续条纹 , 并有方解石胶结物生长 ; 

(3) 网格状结构 , 由钙化的胶质席状物及枝 

状物组成 , 网呈枝状分叉 , 盖覆于灰泥之上 

并参加造岩。经能谱分析 , 所有微生物化石 

均由碳酸钙组成 , 他们在灰泥丘的形成过程 

中起了重要的造岩作用。 

2008020194 

西藏南部岗巴地区白垩纪中期钙质超微化 

石带和 Cenomanian-Turonian 界线 ( 英文 ) 

= The Middle Cretaceous calcareous nannofossil 

zones in Gamba area, southern Xizang 

(Tibet), China and the Cenomanian Turonian 

boundary. ( 英文 ). 钟石兰 ; 周志澄 ;H Willems; 

章炳高 ; 祝幼华 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 

313-325 2 图版 . 

我国西藏南部海相白垩系含有较丰富的 

钙质超微化石。文中着重研究岗巴地区两 

个剖面 ( 即剖面 A,B)Albian Santonian 钙质 

超微化石的分布。根据标志种的存在 , 识别 

出 5 个初现面事件 , 相应地建立 6 个钙质超 

微化石带 , 自下至上是 Prediscosphaera cretacea 

带 , Eiffellithus turriseiffeli 带 , Lithraphidites 

acutum 带 , Gartnerago obliquum 带 , 

Quadrum gartneri 带 , Lucianorhabdus 

cayeuxii 带。同时 , 通过洲际对比 , 建议以 G. 

obliquum 初现面作为划分本区 Cenomanian 

和 Turonian 界线的标志。此外 , Q. gartneri 

带和 I. cayeuxii 带之间缺失多个化石带 , 据 

此推测 Turonian 至 Santonian 期间本区可能 

存在沉积间断。 

2008020195 

颗石藻 Emiliania huxleyi 中的网状钙通道 

和同位素分馏 = Cellular calcium pathways 

and isotope fractionation in Emiliania huxleyi. 

( 英文 ). Gussone N; Langer G; Thoms S; 

Nehrke G; Eisenhauer A; Riebesell U; Wefer 

G. Geology, 2006, 34(8): 625-628 

The marine calcifying algae Emiliania huxleyi 

(coccolitho phores) was grown in laboratory 

cultures under varying conditions with 

respect to the environmental parameters of 

temperature and carbonate ion concentration 

[CO 3 2– ] concentration. The Ca isotope composition 

of E. huxleyi's coccoliths reveals new 

insights into fractionation processes during 

biomineralization. The temperature-dependent 

Ca isotope fractionation resembles previous 

calibrations of inorganic and biogenic calcite 

and aragonite. Unlike inorganically precipitated 

calcite, the [CO 3 2– ] concentration of the 

medium has no significant effect on the Ca 

isotope composition of the coccoliths. These 

results indicate a decoupling of the chemical 

properties of the bulk medium and the calcifying 

vesicle. Cellular Ca pathways of E. huxleyi 

indicate that fractionation cannot occur at the 

crystal surface, as occurs during inorganic 

precipitation. The dominant processes leading 

to the observed Ca isotope fractionation pattern 

in E. huxleyi are most likely the dehydration 

of the Ca aquocomplex at the plasma 

membrane and the attachment of dissolved Ca 

to proteins of Ca channels. The independence 

of Ca isotope fractionation from [CO 3 2– ] and 

the small temperature dependence of E. huxleyi 

are also important for defining the isotopic 

signature of the oceanic Ca sink. Since coccolithophores 

contribute to about half the global 

CaCO 3 production, a relatively uniform isotopic 

composition of the oceanic Ca sink is 

further supported. 

2008020196 

巴哈马叠层石的文石中发现微生物呼吸的 

同位素指纹 = Isotopic fingerprints of microbial 

respiration in aragonite from Bahamian 

stromatolites. ( 英文 ). Andres M S; Sumner D 

Y; Reid R P; Swart P K. Geology, 2006, 

34(11): 973-976 

Authigenic aragonite preserves a carbon 

isotopic record of heterotrophic microbial influences 

on dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) 

in microenvironments within shallow subtidal 

stromatolites from Highborne Cay, Bahamas. 

A greater amount of aragonite precipitates 

when and where respiration, rather than photosynthesis, 

influences local DIC, which is 

consistent with sulfate reduction promoting 

carbonate precipitation and calcium release 

during decay of exopolymeric substances. 

Thus, heterotrophs play a more direct role than 

phototrophs in stromatolite lithification. 

Cyanobacteria are spatially associated with 

aragonite containing heterotrophic isotopic 

signatures. Hence, the absence of an autotrophic 

isotopic signature in the rock record does 

not imply the absence of photosynthetic organisms. 

2008020197 

海水化学、颗石鞭毛藻种群生长以及白垩 

纪白垩的起源 = Seawater chemistry, coccolithophore 

population growth, and the origin 

of Cretaceous chalk. ( 英文 ). Stanley S M; 

58

Ries J B; Hardie L A. Geology, 2005, 33(7): 

593-596 

The magnesium/calcium ratio (Mg/Ca) and 

calcium (Ca) concentration of seawater have 

oscillated throughout geologic time; our experiments 

indicate that these variables have 

strongly influenced biomineralization and 

chalk production by coccolithophores. The 

high Mg/Ca ratio of modern seawater favors 

precipitation of high-Mg calcite and/or aragonite. 

In contrast, the low Mg/Ca ratio of imputed 

Cretaceous seawater favored precipitation 

of low-Mg calcite. We have discovered 

that some coccolithophore species today secrete 

skeletal elements of high-Mg calcite, 

rather than low-Mg calcite, as conventionally 

believed. These species incorporated less Mg 

when the ambient Mg/Ca ratio was lowered, 

secreting low-Mg calcite in imputed Cretaceous 

seawater. Calcification stimulates cocco 

lithophore population growth by contributing 

CO 2 to photosynthesis. Three extant coc co 

lithophore species multiplied much faster as 

the composition of ambient seawater was 

shifted toward that estimated for Cretaceous 

seas. Two of these species secreted high-Mg 

calcite in ambient seawater having Mg/Ca > 1, 

and incorporation of Mg in a calcite crystal 

inhibits growth. Calcification of the third species, 

which secreted low-Mg calcite at all ambient 

Mg/Ca ratios, is hindered by the high 

Mg/Ca ratio and low absolute concentration of 

Ca of modern seawater. We conclude that the 

ionic composition of Cretaceous seawater enabled 

cocco lithophores to produce massive 

chalk deposits, and conversely, that the ionic 

composition of modern seawater inhibits 

population growth for most extant coccolitho 

phore species, which occupy nutrient-poor 

waters and fail to respond to fertilization by 

nitrate, phosphate, or iron. 

2008020198 

北极沟鞭藻迁移造成渐新世最强的冰川 = 

Arctic dinoflagellate migrations mark the 

strongest Oligocene glaciations. ( 英文 ). Van 

Simaeys S; Brinkhuis H; Pross J; Williams G 

L; Zachos J C. Geology, 2005, 33(9): 709-712 

Here we report on mid-Oligocene globally 

synchronous Arctic dinoflagellate migration 

events, calibrated against chron C9n. We show 

that sudden appearances and marked abundance 

increases of the Arctic taxon Svalbardella 

at lower and middle latitudes coincide 

with the Oi-2b benthic 18 O glacial episode, 

dated as ca. 27.1 Ma. These unprecedented 

migrations are taken to indicate anomalously 

strong surface-water cooling during Oi- 

2b time, in turn associated with strong concomitant 

Antarctic ice-sheet growth and sealevel 

lowering. We estimate the duration of 

these unique Svalbardella migrations and the 

associated episode of profound cooling as 

500 k.y. Our records suggest a close link between 

this distinct Oligocene glaciation episode, 

strong sea-level fall, and the classic 

lower-upper Oligocene, or Rupelian-Chattian, 

boundary, dating this boundary as ca. 27.1 M 

真菌 

2008020199 

从钙化蓝藻细菌推断中元古代二氧化碳浓 

度 = Mesoproterozoic carbon dioxide levels 

inferred from calcified cyanobacteria. ( 英文 ). 

Kah L C; Riding R. Geology, 2007, 35(9): 

799-802 

Filamentous and shrub-like carbonate fabrics 

produced by in vivo cyanobacterial sheath 

calcification in stromatolites of the ca. 1200 

Ma Society Cliffs Formation, Baffin and Bylot 

Islands, Arctic Canada, are 400 m.y. older 

than previously reported examples. In vivo 

sheath calcification is promoted by carbon 

dioxide concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) 

and is a direct ecophysiological link to atmospheric 

CO 2 concentration. CCMs are induced 

in present-day cyanobacteria under experimental 

conditions when pCO 2 is below 0.36% ( 10 

times present atmospheric level, PAL). Society 

Cliffs calcified cyanobacteria consequently 

imply pCO 2 levels of

蕨类植物 ( 广义 ) 

2008020200 

哥伦比亚的泥盆纪植物及其地质学和古地 

理学背景讨论 = Devonian plants from Colombia, 

with discussion of their geological and 

palaeogeographical context. ( 英文 ). Berry C 

M; Morel E; Mojica J; Villarroel C. Geological 

Magazine, 2000, 137(2): 257-268 

Plant fossils are described from the Cuche 

Formation, Eastern Cordillera, Colombia in 

the area of Floresta. Those identified as Colpodexylon 

cf. deatsii Banks and cf. Archaeopteris 

sp. suggest an earliest Late Devonian 

(Frasnian) age for the formation. These or 

similar taxa are also found in contemporaneous 

deposits in western Venezuela, and other 

elements of the Venezuelan flora are found in 

a geographically intermediate locality. All 

three Devonian plant localities in the northwest 

of South America are within the Colombian 

Eastern Cordillera and its northern extension, 

the Venezuelan Perijá Range, an area 

that has been integrated as a part of the socalled 

‘Eastern Andean Terrane’ or ‘Central 

Andean Province’, supposedly accreted to the 

autochthonous block of the Guyana Shield 

during the early Jurassic or before. Although 

both invertebrates and plants from this terrane 

have strong affinities to North American and 

European assemblages, and might be interpreted 

as implying a Laurussian origin for the 

Eastern Andean Terrane, the evidence is not 

yet unequivocal, with some authors postulating 

an in situ development of this province. 

2008020201 

辽西早白垩世义县组 Ruffordia 和 

Nageiopsis 的发现及其地层意义 = Occurrence 

of Ruffordia and Nageiopsis from the 

Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western 

Liaoning and its stratigraphic significance. ( 中 

文 ). 曹正尧 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 214- 

218 1 图版 . 

报道辽西义县组两种颇具地层意义的植 

物化石 : Ruffordia goeppertii (Dunker)Seward 

和 Nageiopsis ex gr. zamioides (Fontaine) 

Berry。根据植物化石认为义县组的时代应 

属于早白垩世。 

2008020202 

云南西冲组的一种细小植物 — 兼论华南中 

泥盆世晚期植物组合 ( 英文 ) = A new small 

plant from the Xichong Formation of Yunnan, 

and discussion on the floral assemblage of late 

Middle Devonian in South China. ( 英文 ). 王 

怿 ;Christopher M Berry. 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(4): 424-432 1 图版 . 

研究我国云南中泥盆世晚期西冲组的一 

种细小植物 Psilophyton striatum sp. nov., 它 

具有二歧分叉光滑轴和生殖枝 , 生殖枝由三 

次等二歧分叉枝系和族生孢子囊组成。枝 

系末端着生两对直立孢子囊。根据对已有 

材料的分析 , 宜将华南中泥盆世晚期植物组 

合改名为 Lepidodendropsis arborescense- 

Minarodendron cathaysiense Eocladoxylon 

minutum (LME) 组合。它以石松类植物为主 , 

共生有 “ 真蕨植物 ” 和三枝蕨类 , 分为小形树 

状植物和地面植物两个生态系统。同时 , 与 

世界上同期植物群进行了对比。 

2008020203 

论我国二叠纪华夏植物群岛屿生物地理平 

衡理论的应用 = On the application of the 

equilibrium theory of island biogeography to 

the Permian Cathaysian flora of China. ( 中文 ). 

王军 ; 沈光隆 ; 张泓 ; 吴秀元 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(4): 443-449 

岛屿生物地理平衡理论已被初步证明能 

够运用于古生物地理学研究。但由于地质 

古生物学资料的局限性 , 目前运用这一理论 

对地史生物群进行相关研究主要表现在对 

相关问题进行检验。文章总结了对我国二 

叠纪华夏植物群进行岛屿生物地理平衡理 

论偿试性研究的各项成果 , 指出开展此项研 

究所需的地质古生物学基础和目前存在的 

一些缺陷。此外 , 还展望了岛屿生物地理平 

衡理论运用于地质古生物学的前景。 

2008020204 

中国新疆晚志留世一种具有复杂分支的新 

植物 = A new Late Silurian plant with complex 

branching from Xinjiang, China. ( 英文 ). 

Wang Yi;Fu Qiang;Xu Honghe;Hao Shougang. 

Alcheringa, 2007, 31(2): 111-120 

A new fossil plant is described from the 

middle part of the Wutubulake Formation (late 

Pridoli) of Xinjiang, China. This plant demonstrates 

at least two orders of branching. The 

first-order axis has pseudomonopodial branching 

with alternately attached second-order 

axes. Fertile units are alternately inserted 

along the second-order axis, and consist of a 

branching system and two sporangia at each 

tip. Sporangia are narrowly obovate with 

rounded apex and tapering base. This plant is 

characterized by more complex branching 

than other Silurian and Early Devonian plants, 

and is named Wutubulaka multidichotoma gen. 

60

et sp. nov., and placed under open higherorder 

nomenclature. 

早期种子植物 

2008020205 

阿根廷拉里奥加省上二叠统 La Antigua 组 

种子蕨新属种 Eoguptioxylon antiqua = 

Eoguptioxylon antiqua gen. et sp nov (Pteridospermae) 

from the Upper Permian (La Antigua 

Formation), La Rioja Province, Argentina. 

( 其他 ). Crisafulli A; Lutz A. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(1): 197-204 

A polystelic pteridosperm wood with steles 

irregularly disposed in ground parenchyma 

from the Upper Permian La Antigua Formation 

(La Rioja province) is described. The steles 

are surrounded by sclerenchymatic tissue. 

Each stele has preserved a central diaphragm 

pith with lacunes, primary and secondary xylem. 

The taxon is compared with Carboniferous-Permian 

Medullosales (Medullosa), Jurassic 

Pentoxylales (Pentoxylon, Nipanioxylon) 

and the incertae sedis genus Guptioxylon. 

Other anatomical characteristics, like picnoxylic 

secondary wood with uni- to biseriate 

pits, araucarioid cross-fields and the type of 

rays are shared with Coniferales. The genus 

described herein mostly resembles Guptioxylon 

from the Rajmahal Hills (India). However, 

the studied specimens cannot be adscribed to 

this taxon because of marked differences in 

the pith and the secondary xylem, departure 

and conformation traces, and the absence of a 

X-shaped peculiar periderm. Consequently a 

new genus and species are proposed to include 

this new Pteridosperm from the Upper Permian 

of Argentina: Eoguptioxylon antiqua gen. 

et sp. nov. 

2008020206 

意大利北部道罗麦特 Kühwiesenkopf 

(Monte Prà Della Vacca) 中三叠世 (Anisian) 

马尾蕨和种子蕨 = Horsetails And Seed 

Ferns From The Middle Triassic (Anisian) 

Locality Kühwiesenkopf (Monte Prà Della 

Vacca), Dolomites, Northern Italy. ( 英文 ). 

Kustatscher E; Wachtler M; Van Konijnenburg-Van 

Cittert J H. Palaeontology, 2007, 

50(5): 1277-1298 

Well-preserved floras from the Alpine 

Early–Middle Triassic are rare, and thus our 

understanding of the vegetation in this area 

during this period of time continues to be incomplete. 

As a result, every new find represents 

a significant piece of information that 

deserves thoughtful consideration. Anisian 

(Middle Triassic) sphenophytes and pteridosperms 

have recently been recovered from 

the Kühwiesenkopf locality (Monte Prà della 

Vacca) in northern Italy. The sphenophytes 

are represented by stem fragments, strobili and 

isolated sporangiophore heads of Equisetites, 

as well as by a few specimens of Neocalamites 

sp. and Echinostachys sp. The pteridosperms 

include abundant remains of the 

peltasperm foliage type Scytophyllum bergeri. 

A second Scytophyllum species in this flora, 

S. apoldense, is regarded as conspecific with 

S. bergeri based on epidermal anatomy; the 

two morphotypes are interpreted as sun and 

shade leaves of a single biological species. 

The seed-bearing disc Peltaspermum bornemannii 

sp. nov. probably represents the female 

reproductive structure of S. bergeri. Additional 

pteridosperm remains include foliage 

assignable to Sagenopteris sp. and Ptilozamites 

sp., in both cases perhaps the earliest 

records of these genera. 

2008020207 

古热带区上二叠统中的标准三叠纪冈瓦那 

植物群分子 = Typical Triassic Gondwanan 

floral elements in the Upper Permian of the 

paleotropics. ( 英文 ). Kerp H; Hamad A A; 

Vörding B; Bandel K. Geology, 2006, 34(4): 

265-2 

Permian floras of the Middle East often 

show a mixture of Euramerican, Cathaysian, 

and Gondwanan elements. We report several 

species of Dicroidium, a seed fern typical for 

the Triassic of Gondwana, from the Upper 

Permian of the Dead Sea region. This is the 

earliest unequivocal record and the most 

northerly occurrence of this genus, suggesting 

that it may have evolved during the Permian in 

the paleotropics. With the decline and eventual 

extinction of the typical Permian Glossopteris 

flora, Dicroidium may have migrated 

southward. As the climate ameliorated in the 

Triassic, Dicroidium could have spread farther, 

eventually colonizing all of Gondwana, where 

it became one of the dominant floral elements. 

裸子植物 

2008020208 

南极洲阿尔布阶五柱本目植物古生态和分 

类学研究 = Palaeoecology and taxonomy of 

Pentoxylales from the Albian of Antarctica. 

( 英文 ). Howe J; Cantrill D J. Cretaceous Research, 

2001, 22(6): 779-793 

Reproductive pentoxylalean material from 

the Albian Triton Point Formation, Fossil 

61

Bluff Group of Alexander Island, Antarctica is 

the youngest record of this group globally. 

Leaves are referred to Taeniopteris daintreei 

McCoy, ovulate reproductive organs to Carnoconites 

cranwelli Harris, and stem material 

to Pentoxylon sp. Occurring in leaf litter layers 

on palaeosol surfaces the sedimentology 

suggests that pentoxylalean plants grew upon 

areas of the floodplain distal to the river channel, 

where they covered the forest floor in a 

similar habit to modern brambles. The forest 

floor was shared with Equisetales and liverworts, 

an abundance of ferns [Cladophlebis 

Brongniart, Gleichenites Goeppert, Phyllopteroides 

Medwell, Sphenopteris (Brongniart) 

Sternberg], as well as angiosperms. Bennettitales, 

Ginkgoites Seward and Nilssonia 

Brongniart were rare within these communities, 

as were coniferous trees. 

2008020209 

阿根廷南部古近纪南美杉一新化石种 = A 

new araucarian fossil species from the Paleogene 

of southern Argentina. ( 英文 ). Panti C; 

Cesari S N; Marenssi S A; Olivero E B. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(1): 215-222 

A new Araucariaceaea from the Paleogene 

of Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina is 

described. Araucaria pararaucana sp. nov. has 

imbricate, ovate-lanceolate leaves with an 

acute apex, characterized by the presence of 

discontinuous and longitudinally oriented 

stomatal rows separated by epidermal cells, 

which may be slightly sinuous. Stomatal guard 

cell surface is granular. These fossil leaves are 

compared with the extant sections Bunya, Intermedia 

and Araucaria. Their anatomical 

characters along with the external morphology 

suggest a close affinity with the extant southern 

Patagonian species A. araucana (Molina) 

K. Koch. The record of this new late Eocene 

species provides more evidence for a probable 

unique representation of Section Araucaria in 

the area during the Tertiary. 

2008020210 

美国犹他州侏罗纪纳瓦霍沙岩组沙丘间沉 

积中的松柏类木材 = Coniferous Trees associated 

with Interdune Deposits in the Jurassic 

Navajo Sandstone Formation, Utah, USA. ( 英 

文 ). Parrish J T; Falcon-Lang H J. Palaeontology, 

2007, 50(4): 829-843 

The Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone Formation 

of south-west USA represents one of 

the largest erg deposits ever to have developed 

on Earth. Here, we report the widespread occurrence 

of silicified conifer stumps and 

trunks within interdune deposits near Moab, 

south-east Utah. Where present as 

(par)autochthonous assemblages, trees are 

associated with the deposits of spring-fed carbonate 

lakes. A few stumps preserved in 

growth position are rooted in aeolian sandstone 

immediately below the lake deposits, 

and evidently established on interdune soils in 

response to a rising water table. Following at 

least several decades of growth, trees were 

killed as the water table continued to rise 

forming shallow lakes containing ostracodes. 

Where present as allochthonous assemblages, 

randomly orientated tree trunks are associated 

with massive sandstone beds interpreted as 

fluidized mass flow deposits. These may have 

formed when dune slip-faces collapsed during 

occasional heavy downpours of rain, destroying 

stands of trees. The occurrence of large 

conifers over a wide area of the Navajo Sandstone 

Formation in south-east Utah may record 

long-lived pluvial episodes during which 

the dune field stabilized, or reflect the ergmargin 

position of the localities. 

2008020211 

下奥地利州 Lunz 地区晚三叠世卡尼期首例 

尼尔桑带羽叶属 ( 裸子植物门 , 本内苏铁 

目 ) 记录 = First Record Of Nilssoniopteris 

(Gymnospermophyta, Bennettitales) From 

The Carnian (Upper Triassic) Of Lunz, Lower 

Austria. ( 英文 ). Pott C; Krings M; Kerp H. 

Palaeontology, 2007, 50(5): 1299-1318 

The Carnian (Late Triassic) flora of Lunz in 

Lower Austria is famous for an abundance of 

well-preserved bennettitalean and cycadalean 

foliage and reproductive structures. However, 

only the fertile remains have been studied in 

detail to date. Recently completed systematic 

macromorphological and cuticular analyses of 

leaf fossils from Lunz revealed that several 

forms previously accommodated in the genus 

Macrotaeniopteris do not represent ferns but 

rather Bennettitales assignable to the genus 

Nilssoniopteris. We describe three species of 

Nilssoniopteris, which represent the first records 

for this genus from Lunz, and one of the 

earliest accounts of Nilssoniopteris in the 

Northern Hemisphere. The following new 

combinations are introduced: Nilssoniopteris 

haidingeri (Stur ex Krasser, 1909a) comb. 

nov., N. angustior (Stur ex Krasser, 1909a) 

comb. nov. and N. lunzensis (Stur ex Krasser, 

1909a) comb. nov. The discovery of Nilssoniopteris 

further substantiates the significance 

of the Lunz flora as one of the richest 

62

and most diverse early Late Triassic floras 

from the Northern Hemisphere. 

2008020212 

中国浙江新昌化石木研究 = Study on the 

fossil woods found in Xinchang, Zhejiang 

Province, China. ( 中文 ). 段淑英 ; 董传万 ; 潘江 ; 

竺国强 . 植物学通报 , 2002, 19(1): 78-86 

本文介绍了发现于中国东南沿海地区浙 

江省新昌县中生代地层中的一种化石木新 

种 — 新昌南洋杉型木 (Araucarioxylon xinchangense 

Duan sp. nov.)。这种化石木保存 

在早白垩世馆头组中 , 下部的紫红色泥砂 

岩中 , 分布在新昌县城西部 , 南北绵延 25 

公里 , 东西宽约 2 公里的狭长地区。由于 

在化石木产区曾发现过多种植物化石 , 因 

而确定了该区在早白垩世时期处于我国的 

欧洲 - 中国植物区内 , 属亚热带 - 热带气 

候区 , 种种迹象表明此时气候有些干旱。 

同区发现的松柏目叶化石 , 其气孔构造与 

南洋杉科有一定的亲缘关系 , 这一点似乎 

与化石木之属可以对应。 

2008020213 

印度奥里萨 Ib 河煤田下冈瓦纳沉积科达目 

植物的发现 = Occurrence of Cordaitales 

from lower Gondwana sediments of Ib-River 

Coalfield, Orissa, India: An Indian scenario. 

( 英文 ). Singh KJ; Goswami S; Chandra S. 

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2007, 29(5- 

6): 666-684 

The Ib-River Coalfield in Orissa State is a 

part of Mahanadi Master Basin. Recent extensive 

investigations were conducted in this 

Coalfield to locate fossiliferous beds in the 

Lower Gondwana deposits and as a result a 

large cache of plant fossils were recovered 

from Lower Permian sediments (Barakar 

Formation) exposed in Jurabaga and Lajkura 

Collieries. The complete flora includes 23 

genera representing nine orders viz., Lycopodiales, 

Equisetales, Sphenophyllales, Filicales, 

Cordaitales, Coniferales, Ginkgoales, Cycadales 

and Glossopteridales. Only the Cordaitales, 

represented by four genera i.e., 

Noeggerathiopsis, Cordaites, Euryphyllum 

and Kawizophyllum are discussed in this paper. 

Cordaitalean leaves are described for the first 

time from this coalfield; the remaining plant 

groups will be considered in a subsequent 

publication. Cordaitalean leaves attributable to 

Noeggerathiopsis hislopii, Noeggerathiopsis 

minor, Euryphyllum whittianum, Euryphyllum 

maithyi, Kawizophyllum dunpathriensis and 

Cordaites sp. constitute about 13.90% (111 

specimens) of the total plant assemblage collected 

from this Coalfield. Of the cordaitaleans, 

N. hislopii is most abundant (47.75%; 

53 specimens) followed by E. whittianum 

(40.54%; 45 specimens). A summary of the 

distribution of Cordaitales throughout the Indian 

Gondwana is also presented. Floristic 

composition varies stratigraphically at the two 

Barakar exposures (Lajkura and Jurabaga Collieries). 

Cordaitales are preserved only in the 

lowermost (4th) horizon (lower floral zone). 

Strata in these collieries have been assigned to 

the lower and upper Barakar Formation based 

on floristic content and an Early Permian 

(Artinskian) age is assigned. 

2008020214 

辽宁西部晚侏罗世晚期义县组的似麻黄属 

植物 = Ephedrites from latest Jurassic Yixian 

Formation in western Liaoning ,Northeast 

China. ( 中文 ). 郭双兴 ; 吴向午 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(1): 81-91 2 图版 . 

《辽西义县组单子叶植物化石的发现》 

中被归入被子叶植物门单子叶植物纲莎草 

科和禾本科的化石 , 经与现代麻黄科植物对 

比研究后 , 发现它们应归入裸子植物门麻黄 

科似麻黄属。讨论似麻黄属植物的命名、 

地理分布和生态环境。 

2008020215 

东北地区中生代化石木异木属及其古生态 

= Mesozoic fossil woods of genus xenoxylon 

from Northeast China and its palaeoecology. 

( 中文 ). 丁秋红 ; 郑少林张武 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(2): 237-249 2 图版 . 

迄今为止 , 我国共发现异木属 (Xenoxylon) 

化石木 10 种 ( 包括 2 新种 ), 它们是 X. latiporosum, 

X. conchylianum, X. liaoningense, X. 

japonicum, X. ellipticum, X. hopeiense, X. 

peidense, X. yixianense, X. fuxinense sp. nov., 

X. huolinhenese sp. nov.。文中对该属的古 

生态作了初步探讨 , 并对新种进行了描述。 

2008020216 

苏皖象山群下部一些裸子植物化石及其表 

皮构造的研究 = Some specimens of gymnospermae 

from the lower part of Xiangshan 

Group in Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces with 

study on their cuticules. ( 中文 ). 曹正尧 . 古生 

物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 334-342 4 图版 . 

报道象山群下部的裸子植物 5 属 5 种 : 

Otozamites sp., Ptilophyllum hsingshanense 

Wu, n. emend., Nilssonia cf. saighanensis 

Seward, Pseudoctenis sp., Baiera cf. guilhau- 

63

matii Zeiller, 对其表皮构造进行详细的描 

述。标本产自安徽宿松、屯溪和江苏南 

京、江都的象山群下部。 

2008020217 

根据已绝灭的掌鳞杉科植物 

Pseudofrenelopsis 属的气孔推测白垩纪中 

期大气二氧化碳浓度 = Mid-Cretaceous 

pCO2 based on stomata of the extinct conifer 

Pseudofrenelopsis (Cheirolepidiaceae). ( 英文 ). 

Haworth M; Hesselbo S P; McElwain J C; 

Robinson S A; Brunt J W. Geology, 2005, 

33(9): 749-752 

Stomatal characteristics of an extinct Cretaceous 

conifer, Pseudofrenelopsis parceramosa 

(Fontaine) Watson, are used to reconstruct 

atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ) over a 

time previously inferred to exhibit major fluctuations 

in this greenhouse gas. Samples are 

from nonmarine to marine strata of the Wealden 

and Lower Greensand Groups of England 

and the Potomac Group of the eastern United 

States, of Hauterivian to Albian age (136–100 

Ma). Atmospheric pCO 2 is estimated from the 

ratios between stomatal indices of fossil cuticles 

and those from four modern analogs 

(nearest living equivalent plants). Using this 

approach, and two calibration methods to explore 

ranges, results show relatively low and 

only slightly varying pCO 2 over the Hauterivian–Albian 

interval: a low of 560–960 

ppm in the early Barremian and a high of 620– 

1200 ppm in the Albian. Data from the Barremian 

Wealden Group yield pCO 2 values 

indistinguishable from a soil-carbonate–based 

estimate from the same beds. The new pCO 2 

estimates are compatible with sedimentological 

and oxygen-isotope evidence for relatively 

cool mid-Cretaceous climates. 

2008020218 

阿根廷圣胡安省 Ischigualasto 组三叠纪柏 

科木化石的系统分类和古树木学研究 = 

Systematic and palaeodendrological study of a 

Triassic cupressaceae wood from the Ischigualasto 

Formation, San Juan Province, Argentina. 

( 其他 ). Bodnar J; Artabe A E. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 303-319 

A silicified wood collected from the Ischigualasto 

Formation, San Juan Province, Argentina 

and assigned to Protojuniperoxylon 

ischigualas tense Bonetti emend. is revised. 

This conifer wood was previously assigned 

either to Cupressaceae or "Protopinaceae". 

The presence of axial parenchyma with resin 

contents found in P. ischigualastense plus the 

occurrence of cupressoid cross-fields, beadlike 

thickenings in the ray cells and ray tracheids 

allow the convalidation of Cupressaceae 

assignation. Consequently, P. ischigualas 

tense represents the earliest record of 

the family in Argentina. Quantitative growth 

ring anatomy analysis leads to the conclusion 

that the trees were evergreen gymnosperms. 

The cumulative algebraic sum of each cell's 

deviation from the mean of the radial diameters 

was calculated for each growth ring increment 

and plotted as a zero-trending curve 

(CS-DM curve). This Cupressaceae species 

exhibits right-skewed CSDM curves as typical 

of evergreen conifers. Furthermore, latewood 

percentage, cellular diminution percentage and 

ring markedness index were calculated. P. 

ischigualas tense quantitative growth ring parameters 

are similar to those of extant conifers 

with moderate-to-high leaf longevity. 

2008020219 

阿根廷圣胡安省中侏罗统 La Matilde 组三 

种松柏类植物化石 = Planoxylon stopes, 

Protelicoxylon philippe and herbstiloxylon 

gen. nov (coniferales) from the Middle Jurassic 

La Matilde Formation, Santa Cruz Province, 

Argentina. ( 其他 ). Gnaedinger S. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 321-335 

Planoxylon australe (Salard) Vozenin-Serra 

and Salard-Cheboldaeff, Protelicoxylon feriziense 

(Fahkr and Marguerier) Philippe and 

Herbstiloxylon patagonicum gen. et sp. nov. 

from the Middle Jurassic La Matilde Formation, 

Gran Bajo de San julian, Santa Cruz 

Province, Argentina are described. Planoxylon 

is a member of the Protopinaceae which includes 

wood specimens with transitional characters 

between araucarioid and abietinoid 

types. The relationship of Planoxylon and 

Herbstiloxylon gen. nov. with the Cupressaceae 

is analized. 

被子植物 

2008020220 

赛诺曼阶 / 土伦阶和白垩纪 / 第三纪界线的被 

子植物辐射演化 = Angiosperm radiations at 

the Cenomanian/Turonian and Cretaceous/Tertiary 

boundaries. ( 英文 ). Boulter M 

C; Gee D; Fisher H C. Cretaceous Research, 

1998, 19(1): 107-112 

A database with geographical and stratigraphical 

details of the occurrences of common 

fossil vascular plant taxa has been constructed, 

validated and searched. Records are 

presented as curves showing the number of 

64

occurrences in different global regions at 

every one million year interval from the beginning 

of the Early Cretaceous. Particular 

angiosperm taxa show significant increases in 

occurrence around two major marine massextinction 

events, the Cenomanian/Turonian 

and the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundaries. It is 

suggested that the environmental changes associated 

with the events at these boundaries 

made new niches to allow newly evolved angiosperms 

to fill them. 

2008020221 

英格兰南部威尔顿 ( 下白垩统 ) 一个带有 

似花器官的植物化石 = A plant with flowerlike 

organs from the Wealden of the Weald 

(Lower Cretaceous), southern England. ( 英文 ). 

Hill C R. Cretaceous Research, 1996, 17(1): 

27-38 

A possible eoangiosperm, Bevhalstia 

pebjagen. et sp. nov., is described from the 

Weald Clay Group (Hauterivian and Barremian) 

of the Weald Sub-basin, but its exact 

systematic position is left open. A common, 

fragile plant, it was probably aquatic or 

marsh-dwelling in monospecific stands. 

2008020222 

英格兰古近纪水浮莲的形态演化 : 有花植 

物微演化的一个范例 = Morphological evolution 

of stratiotes through the Paleogene in 

England: An example of microevolution in 

flowering plants. ( 英文 ). Sille N P; Collinson 

M E; Kucera M; Hooker J J. Palaios, 2006, 

21(3): 272–288 

Six populations of seeds of the aquatic 

monocotyledon Stratiotes (Hydrocharitaceae) 

from the Paleogene of England have been 

studied to assess morphological evolution 

through the Eocene–Oligocene transition. 

Morphometric methodologies (including eigenshape 

analysis) have been used to quantify 

evolution within the genus and compare results 

to previous qualitative studies. Previously 

hypothesized broad evolutionary trends 

of increasing size and more elongate shape are 

found to be mainly correct, but, in places, can 

be elucidated further. The results of this study 

indicate a single evolving lineage in the Paleogene 

of southern England with an increase 

in seed size and keel width in late Eocene 

specimens, followed by a reversal of this trend 

in the early Oligocene. Two Miocene populations 

from continental Europe are shown to be 

morphologically distinct from those of the 

English Paleogene. Changes in overall shape 

of the seed are shown to be controlled dominantly 

by the relative size of the keel structure, 

rather than the seed body. Comparisons show 

that the microevolutionary trend of Stratiotes 

across the Eocene–Oligocene transition differs 

from that of the charophyte, Harrisichara. This 

may suggest that factors other than climatic 

change, such as animal/plant interactions, 

played a role in evolution of Stratiotes seeds. 

Type and figured material of named Paleogene 

species was added passively to the dataset, 

and results suggest that taxonomic splitting 

may have led to previous evolutionary 

hypotheses of multiple clades, which is not 

supported by this study. 

2008020223 

新近纪亚马逊红树林和海侵 ( 哥伦比亚 

Lower Apaporis 河 ) = Mangrove forests 

and marine incursions in Neogene Amazonia 

(Lower Apaporis River, Colombia). ( 英文 ). 

Hoorn C. Palaios, 2006, 21(2): 197–209 

The lower Apaporis River area (Colombian 

Amazonia) is characterized by fluvial and 

coastal sediments of Middle to Late Miocene 

age. These sediments, here informally called 

Apaporis sand unit, are in nonconformable 

contact with the Precambrian basement, and 

were deposited in a low-sinuosity fluvial system 

with an anastomosing character that 

originated in the Guyana Shield. The predominantly 

sandy unit has organic-rich clay 

intervals that contain a palynological assemblage 

dominated by the mangrove Zonocostites 

ramonae (Rhizophora) and the palm 

Mauritiidites franciscoi (Mauritia). Abundant 

Zonocostites (25–85%), together with the occurrence 

of marine palynomorphs (dinoflagellates 

and foraminiferal inner-wall linings), 

indicate the presence of well-developed 

coastal mangrove forests and marine incursions. 

Occasional decrease of Zonocostites in 

favor of Mauritiidites suggests that the coastline 

fluctuated and the mangroves were replaced 

by palm vegetation. The Middle to 

Late Miocene age of these sediments is based 

on presence of the palynological marker species 

Grimsdalea magnaclavata and absence of 

the older biostratigraphic marker Crassoretitriletes 

vanraadshoovenii and the younger Asteraceae. 

This makes the unit equivalent in age 

to the upper Pebas/Solimões Formation. The 

marine ingression and coastal conditions in 

the heart of Amazonia possibly are related to a 

combination of global sea-level rise (Serravallian?) 

and subsidence in the periphery of the 

Guyana Shield. Modern analogues of the Miocene 

Apaporis fluvial/ coastal interface are 

65

present-day fluvial and coastal environments 

in Surinam and the Guyanas. 

2008020224 

现在热带森林埋葬学 : 高生物多样性能影 

响古气候解释 ? = Modern tropical forest 

taphonomy: Does high biodiversity affect paleoclimatic 

interpretations?. ( 英文 ). Burnham 

R J; Ellis B; Johnson K R. Palaios, 2005, 

20(5): 439–451 

Modern biodiversity hotspots are characterized 

by high species diversity and by biotas 

facing a substantial threat of extinction, 

largely due to a high proportion of endemic 

taxa living in these regions. Theoretically, 

hotspots of biodiversity are areas of particular 

interest in the fossil record because of the relatively 

high quality and quantity of data that 

they may contribute to a global understanding 

of vegetational response to changes in climate, 

tectonic uplift, and ecological disturbance. 

Current models for climatic reconstruction 

that depend on leaf physiognomy are based on 

data sets in which species-rich tropical floras 

are less well represented, relative to temperate 

floras. Eight modern Neotropical floras from a 

range of precipitation regimes were evaluated 

to determine the influence that high source 

floral diversity has on reconstruction of mean 

annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual 

precipitation (MAP). Floras are drawn from 

sites in Costa Rica to southern Peru, having 

species richness from 55 to >400 species per 

plot. MAT of the sites spans a range of 24 to 

28°C, and MAP ranges from 1600 mm to 

3000 mm. By subsampling the modern floras 

in rank order of dominance (basal area), the 

importance of collecting intensity and completeness 

on subsequent assessments of MAT 

and MAP is evaluated. Biodiverse floras are 

good at reconstructing MAT if at least 50% of 

the species are included. When only 25 species 

are used for temperature calculations, the 

accuracy of the parameter is compromised, but 

a ±3°C error encompasses the majority of the 

deviation. Application to the early Paleocene 

Castle Rock fossil flora of Colorado confirms 

the validity of subsampling in high-diversity 

fossil applications. However, reconstruction of 

MAP is fraught with problems that do not appear 

to be related to biodiversity of the floras. 

Errors on estimates of MAP currently are so 

large as to make the values too vague to be 

useful in most applications. This study has 

accepted a 20% error as necessary, but the 

applicability of data with errors > 20% is 

questionable in situations where rainfall is 

>1500 mm per year. MAP estimates using leaf 

area are almost universally underestimates of 

actual MAP, and frequently are >400 mm in 

error. Exploration of these data indicates that 

effort would be well placed in investigating 

the relative importance of precipitation parameters 

in altering leaf morphology before 

choosing one to reconstruct climates of the 

past. 

2008020225 

阿根廷卡塔马卡省 Cajon 峡谷上中新统 El 

Morterito 组豆科植物 = Fabaceae from the 

El Morterito Formation (Upper Miocene), 

valle del Cajon, Catamarca Province, Argentina.. 

( 其他 ). Anzotegui L M; Garralla S S; 

Herbst R. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(1): 183-196 

Fabaceae leaves from the floral assemblage 

of the El Morterito Formation (Upper Miocene) 

from the Valle del Cajon in Catamarca 

Province, Argentina, are described. The taxa 

are assigned to Caesalpinoideae: Senna cf. 

bicapsularis (L.) Rouxbourgh, Senna cf. obtusifolia 

(L.) Irwin and Barneby, Chamaecrista 

cf. flexuosa (L) Greene; to Mimosoideae: Mimosa 

cf. flagellaris, Bentham, Mimosa sp., 

Prosopis sp. 1; and to Papiliodoideae: Desmodium 

cf. ascendens (Swart) De Candolle, cf. 

Desmodium sp., Eriosema sp. and Tipuana 

tipu (Bentham) Kuntze. These species are 

compared with those treated in older literature 

and, also, some taxonomic considerations are 

made. Based on the characters of the most 

similar living taxa and additional sedimentological, 

invertebrate and vertebrate fossil 

data, an open dry environment with xerophytic 

vegetation is inferred, associated with more 

humid habitats with riparian forests, characteristic 

of a warm climate. 

2008020226 

阿根廷萨尔塔省上中新世 Palo Pintado 组 

藤本植物新属和新种 = New genus and species 

of liane from the Upper Miocene (Palo 

Pintado Formation), Salta Province, Argentina. 

( 其他 ). Lutz AI; Martinez L C A. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(1): 205-213 

Ranunculodendron anzoteguiae, a new genus 

and species of fossil liane from the Upper 

Miocene Palo Pintado Formation of Salta 

Province, Argentina is described. It is a circular 

liane, 4 mm in diameter, externally ribbed. 

The pith is excentric, whith 4 protoxilem vessels 

and secondary xylem divided into wedges 

by parenchymatous rays, all surrounded by 

cambium, phloern and cortex. The histological 

characters were compared with those of 

66

Lardizabalaceae and Menispermaceae (Order 

Ranunculales). Comparisons with other fossil 

lianes: Lardizabaloxylon lardizabaloides 

Shonfeld, Vitaceoxylon ranunculiformis Poole 

and Wilkinson and Menispermoxylon sp. of 

Vozenin-Serra et al. were also made. Geological, 

palynological and megafloral data are discussed 

in order to infer the paleoclimatic conditions 

in which the lianes inhabited. 

2008020227 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚地区南部白垩纪赛诺曼 

期 - 康尼亚克期一被子植物群的分异度、埋 

藏学及古生态学研究 = Diversity, taphonomy 

and palaeoecology of an angiosperm 

flora from the Cretaceous (Cenomanian– 

Coniacian) in southern Patagonia, Argentina. 

( 英文 ). Iglesias A; Zamuner A B; Poiré D G; 

Larriestra F. Palaeontology, 2007, 50(2): 445- 

466 

This paper describes the diversity, taphonomy 

and palaeoecology of angiosperm leaves 

that dominate a palaeoflora of Cretaceous 

(Cenomanian–Coniacian) age from the Mata 

Amarilla Formation in the Austral Basin, 

south-west Patagonia, Argentina. Twelve 

morphotypes of angiosperm leaves are recognized 

based on foliar morphotype analysis of 

more than 500 specimens. These were divided 

into six morphological groups based on major 

architectural patterns. The relative dominance 

of these morphotypes, mode of preservation 

and relationship with sedimentary facies were 

evaluated from two levels within the formation. 

This analysis identified two different 

plant palaeocommunities. The lower, María 

Elena, level (MEL) was deposited in a marine 

coastal area on a subaerial delta plain; the 

dominant angiosperm morphotypes preserved 

in it are group 1 (MA100) and group 2 

(MA101, 102); morphotypes MA109 and 110 

are scarce but exclusive to this level. The upper, 

Mata Amarilla, level (MAL), accumulated 

inland in flood-plain environments; the 

most abundant angiosperm morphotypes are 

groups 3 (MA103–105), 4 (MA106) and 1 

(MA100); morphotypes MA103–105 and 108 

are exclusive to this level. Comparisons with 

other floras of similar age from Antarctica, 

Australia and New Zealand indicate that the 

Mata Amarilla flora has a slightly higher morphological 

diversity of angiosperm leaves, 

providing the first evidence for an angiosperm-dominated 

early Late Cretaceous macroflora 

in south-west Gondwana. 

2008020228 

Wrocław 附近 Sośnica 地区晚中新世植物 

群中的无患子科植物 (Aceroideae)—— 

对 Göpert 最初材料的修订及对新材料的研 

究 = Sapindaceae (Aceroideae) from the late 

Miocene flora of Sośnica near Wrocław – a 

revision of Göpert’s original materials and a 

study of more recent collections. ( 英文 ). 

Walther H; Zastawniak E. Acta Palaeobotanica, 

2005, 45(1): 85–106 

The results of a revision and new studies of 

macroscopic plant remains of Acer (Sapindaceae 

s.l., including Aceraceae) from the late 

Miocene (= Pannonian) flora of Sośnica near 

Wrocław are presented. The following leaf 

species of the genus Acer L. occur in this flora: 

A.vindobonense (Ettingshausen) Berger, A. 

subcampestre Göpert, A. tricuspidatum Bronn, 

A. integrilobum Weber sensu Walther, and A. 

aegopodifolium (Göpert) Bajkovskaja ex Iljinskaja. 

For three of the species anemended diagnosis 

is given. The leaf species have been 

described on the basis of morphological 

analysis; the epidermis was preserved and investigated 

only for A. tricuspidatum Bronn. 

These fossil leaf species are accompanied by 

the fruits of the fossil taxa A. campestrianum 

Dorofeev and Acer sp. div. 

2008020229 

俄罗斯西伯利亚西部 Chulym-Yenisey 盆地 

晚白垩世土伦期 Kasicarpa gen. nov.( 金缕 

梅目 ) 的果序 = Infructescences of Kasicarpa 

gen. nov. (Hamamelidales) from the late Cretaceous 

(Turonian) of the Chulym-Yenisey 

depression, western Siberia, Russia. ( 英文 ). 

Maslova N; Golovneva L; Tekleva M. Acta 

Palaeobotanica, 2005, 45(2): 121–137 

Kasicarpa gen. nov. is erected for pistillate 

heads from the Turonian deposits of the Chulym-Yenisey 

depression, western Siberia, 

Russia. The heads consist of about 30–40 floral 

units at different development stages. 

Flowers of the new described genus have a 

well-developed perianth and monocarpous 

gynoecium. The fruit has a single orthotropous 

seed. The wellpreserved seed has a single integument 

(one single cell layer) and thick endosperm. 

The new genus combines characters 

of the families Platanaceae and Hamamelidaceae. 

The leaves of a platanoid morphology 

associating with these heads have been previously 

described as Populites pseudoplatanoides 

I. Lebedev, 1955. 

67

2008020230 

俄罗斯远东地区阿穆尔省古新世新的胡桃 

科果实形态型 = New juglandaceous fruit 

morphotype from the Palaeocene of Amur 

Province, Russian Far East. ( 英文 ). Kodrul T; 

Krassilov V. Acta Palaeobotanica, 2005, 

45(2): 139–144 

Amurcarya lobata gen. et sp. nov. from the 

Lower Palaeocene of Arkhara, the Amur Province, 

Russian Far East represents a new combination 

of involucral characters that are used 

in classification of juglandaceous fossil fruits. 

It has an orbicular wing consisting of the laterally 

fused bract and two bracteoles, which 

are discernible owing to their conservative 

venation patterns. The new fruit type is similar 

to the Engelhardiae in incorporation of the 

bract in the wing as a substantial part of it, and 

to the Platycaryae in the transverse (oblique 

transverse) orientation of the wing. However, 

on account of its constituent involucral organs, 

the wing is not homologous to those of the 

other juglandaceous fruits. 

2008020231 

奥地利和欧洲地区晚中新世菱科化石 = 

Trapaceae from the late Miocene of Austria 

and the European context. ( 英文 ). Kovar-Eder 

J; Wójcicki J J; Zetter R. Acta Palaeobotanica, 

2005, 45(2): 165–186 

Fossil fruits of Trapa L. and Hemitrapa 

Miki (Trapaceae) known from eight late Miocene 

Austrian localities are characterized. 

Fruits morphologically intermediate between 

Trapa ungeri Wójcicki & Kovar-Eder and T. 

srodoniana Wójcicki from Hinterschlagen 

(Upper Austria, Pannonian) are described as a 

new species T. spectabilis Wójcicki & Kovar- 

Eder sp. nov. Additional morphological characteristics 

of T. srodoniana are provided and 

the species description is emended. The description 

of T. silesiaca Göpp. emend. 

Wójcicki & Zastawniak is supplemented and 

numerous specimens from Austria are figured. 

Fossil fruits and pollen of definite Trapaceae 

(Trapa L., Hemitrapa Miki) and leaves of 

probable Trapaceae affinity (Mikia Kovar- 

Eder & Wójcicki) from Austria are brought 

into an European aspect. The stratigraphical 

relevance of members of the Trapaceae is 

briefly discussed and the ecology based on 

fossil assemblages is briefly characterized. 

The pollen spectrum from Pellendorf (Lower 

Austria, Pannonian) is provided which includes 

mesophytic taxa. 

2008020232 

木兰科的化石记录 = Fossil records of magnoliaceae. 

( 英文 ). 张光富 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(4): 433-442 

通过整理和分析木兰科植物的化石记录 

发现 : 不论是植物大化石还是花粉 , 迄今为 

止在白垩纪以前地层中尚无可靠的记录。 

自白垩纪以来 , 木兰科的许多种广泛发生于 

北半球 , 如亚洲、欧洲及北美等地 , 但非洲和 

大洋洲至今尚未发现木兰科的化石记录。 

该科最早的化石记录为中国东北延吉地区 

早白垩世大拉子组的喙柱始木兰 

Archimagnolia rostrato- stylosa Tao et 

Zhang。根据现有化石记录 , 并结合木兰科 

现代植物的地理分布 , 推测 : 1) 木兰科的起源 

时间不迟于早白垩世 Aptian-Albian 期 ; 2 ) 

木兰科起源地点可能是东亚 , 后来经过欧洲 

进入北美 , 再从北美迁移到达南美洲 ; 3) 在 

地质历史时期 , 木兰属的出现比鹅掌楸属早 , 

从而支持根据形态学与分子系统学研究得 

出的木兰属较鹅掌楸属原始的结论。 

2008020233 

一种观察被子植物压膜化石细微叶结构特 

征的有效方法 = An effective method of observing 

fine venation from compressed angiosperm 

fossil leaves. ( 中文 ). 冷琴 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(1): 157-158 

被子植物叶化石的研究已有一百多年的 

历史。传统的研究方法一直是以叶宏观特 

征 (leaf gross feature) 为依据的 " 对图版 ” 方法 

("picture-matching”method), 即寻找宏观特征 

与化石叶相似的现代植物叶 , 作为对化石叶 

进行分类和命名的基础和依据 . 这种方法其 

结果的可信度缺乏保障 , 甚至经常导致错误 

的结论 (Dilcher,1974; Kvacek and 

Walther,1978; Iliinskaja,1978)。 

笔者在对叶压膜化石角质层进行制备的 

过程中发现了这样一种方法。在采用常规 

的次氯酸钠溶液浸解法 (Dilcher, 1974; 叶美 

娜 ,1981) 对化石角质层进行制备的过程中 , 

笔者发现 , 次氯酸钠溶液在浸解角质层所依 

附的腐殖物 (humus/humics) 之前首先使除叶 

脉之外的部分变成透明或半透明状 . 此时如 

果使浸解反应暂时停止 , 即可清晰地观察并 

记录下化石叶的细微叶脉特征。 

综论 

古无脊椎动物学 

2008020234 

68

加拿大北西早寒武世多细胞动物的卵、胚 

胎和磷酸盐质微体化石 = Early cambrian 

metazoan eggs, embryos, and phosphatic microfossils 

from northwestern Canada. ( 英文 ). 

Pyle L J; Narbonne G M. Journal of Paleontology, 

2006, 80(5): 811-825 7 图版 . 

Three-dimensionally phosphatized, spherical 

fossils, interpreted as metazoan eggs and 

embryos on the basis of taphonomic features 

and cleavage patterns, are reported for the first 

time from the Cambrian of North America. 

These microfossils occur with a phosphatized 

biota of skeletonized fossils, including specimens 

indicative of the earliest Cambrian Anabarites–Protohertzina 

Zone in the Wernecke 

Mountains of eastern Yukon Territory, northwestern 

Canada. They range in size from 0.25 

mm to more than 1.0 mm in diameter and can 

be referred to two genera, Olivooides Qian, 

1977 and Archaeooides Qian, 1977. The 

North American discovery extends the biogeographic 

range of earliest Cambrian eggs 

and embryos from coeval successions in 

China and Siberia, suggesting a wide geographic 

distribution of these taxa, and emphasizes 

the crucial role of local environmental 

and taphonomic conditions in preserving this 

phosphatic window into the record of early 

animal evolution. In addition to previously 

reported taxa, the phosphatized biota also include 

indeterminate spheroids, fused clusters 

of Protohertzina siciformis Missarzhevsky, 

1973, the enigmatic rodlike fossil Zhejiangorhabdion 

comptum Yue and Zhao, 1993, phosphatized 

fossils, including Paradoxiconus 

typicalis Qian et al., 2001, protoconularid 

Carinachites sp., and phosphatic tubes assigned 

to Hyolithellus cf. H. isiticus Missarzhevsky, 

1969, cf. Pseudorthotheca sp., 

and ?Rugatotheca sp. 

2008020235 

印度 Cambay 盆地古新统货币虫的壳铰合 

测试以及它们的可能起源 = Conjoined tests 

of Nummulites from the Paleogene of the 

Cambay Basin,India and their possible origin. 

( 英文 ). Mukhopadhyay S K. Journal of Foraminiferal 

Research, 2007, 37(1): 41-45 1 图 

版 . 

Four specimens composed of conjoined 

tests—one each of Nummulites aff. discorbinus, 

Nummulites fabianii, Rotalia cf. trochidiformis 

and two of Nummulites cf. pengaroensis—were 

recovered from the Middle-Upper 

Eocene succession of the Cambay Basin, India. 

Each specimen comprises two mature individuals 

joined at their apertural areas by lime 

deposits. The lenticular biconvex tests of 

Nummulites spp. united so that their equatorial 

planes were either parallel, nearly coplanar or 

at a moderate angle, whereas the tests of the 

trochospiral R. cf. trochidiformis joined at 

their umbilical sides. The conjoined forms are 

not twin tests since the participating individuals 

are mature and have lime deposit along the 

junction. These forms, as well as conjoined 

Nummulites boninensis described in a previous 

report, resemble conjoined specimens of 

modern paired tests that united during sexual 

reproduction (i.e., plastogamic reproduction). 

This suggests the possibility that plastogamic 

sexual reproduction occurred in some fossil 

nummulitids. 

2008020236 

多种盐溶剂浮选有孔虫壳方法 = Alternative 

saline solutions to float foraminiferal tests. ( 英 

文 ). Semensatto D L; Dias-Brito D. Journal of 

Foraminiferal Research, 2007, 37(3): 265-269 

Flotation has been widely used in studies of 

recent foraminifera in order to concentrate 

tests and save time during picking. In this paper, 

four flotation agents with different densities 

were compared: (1) trichloroethylene, 

TCE (C2HCl3), with a density of 1.46 g mL–1; 

(2) sodium nitrate/sodium thiosulfate solution, 

SNT (NaNO3 + Na2O3S2 · 5H2O), with a 

density of 1.46 g mL–1; (3) zinc chloride solution, 

ZC (ZnCl2), with a density of 1.70 g 

mL–1; and (4) sodium polytungstate solution, 

SPT (3Na2WO4 · 9WO3 · H2O), with a density 

of 2.50 g mL–1. Comparison was carried 

out by means of qualitative and quantitative 

data. Results showed that ZC and SPT were 

the best flotation agents, recovering 91% and 

96% of the total tests, respectively, whereas 

TCE and SNT recovered 59.1% and 72.8% , 

respectively. Both quantitative and qualitative 

results significantly improved with a higher 

density of the flotation liquid. Therefore, substitution 

of TCE with ZC or SPT solutions is 

strongly encouraged, because they are, additionally, 

less harmful to health and the environment. 

ZC is the most cost-effective, since 

its results were not significantly different from 

those of the SPT treatment. Carbon tetrachloride 

(CCl4) was not considered in this comparative 

study, because it has been banned in 

many countries and it is highly harmful to 

health and the environment. 

2008020237 

69

未涂层微体化石的扫描电子显微镜图像 : 

应用、展望和局限性 = Scanning electron 

microscope images of uncoated microfossils: 

applications, perspectives and limitations. ( 英 

文 ). Spezzaferri S; Neururer C. Journal of 

Foraminiferal Research, 2007, 37(3): 270- 

276 3 图版 . 

We present a recently developed method 

using a field emission scanning electron microscope 

(FEG) to view and photograph microfossil 

specimens that are not coated by 

conductive material. The FEG microscope 

provides high electron flux and offers the option 

to capture images at low beam voltage. 

Balancing incident energy with absorbed energy 

from the detector leads to charge-free 

images of non-conductive material. 

As an example of the application, we show 

images of planktonic foraminifers and ostracods 

obtained with this method and compare 

them with those obtained on the same specimens 

after gold coating. The method is particularly 

useful for illustrating holotypes, neotypes 

and topotypes of microfossils when an 

environmental scanning electron microscope 

is not available. 

2008020238 

云南早寒武世澄江化石库中两种埋藏相的 

化石定量分析 = Quantitative comparison of 

the fossil assemblages between the event and 

background mudstones from the Early Cambrian 

Chengjiang lagerstatte, Yunnan. ( 中文 ). 

赵方臣 ; 朱茂炎 . 古生物学报 , 2007, 46(1): 

75-86 

通过昆明海口马房村同一个采坑的化石 

连续采集和统计 , 对澄江化石库中两种埋藏 

相 ( 以事件层泥岩和背景层泥岩所代表 ) 内化 

石保存和组合特征进行定量研究 , 结果表 

明 :(1) 事件层内化石量并不随单一事件层厚 

度变化而变化。物种在剖面上不同层位的 

事件层内分布不均匀 , 表现为单层富集现象 ; 

而背景层内的化石含量与背景层的沉积厚 

度有关 , 背景层的沉积厚度越厚 , 化石数量就 

越多。(2) 事件层与背景层内化石组合和结 

构存在很大差异。事件层内化石组合与背 

景层内化石组合相比具有更多的物种组成 

和更复杂的古群落结构 ; 而背景层内化石组 

合面貌单调 , 在剖面上保持稳定。(3) 事件层 

内化石生物体腐烂发生在埋藏之后 , 绝大多 

数化石生物是被活埋后保存下来的 ; 而背景 

层内化石主要表现为外壳和弱矿化有机质 

生物表皮在海床表面长时间停滞而堆积形 

成 , 明显受到时间均衡作用 (time-average) 的 

影响。(4) 事件层内化石在埋藏前无搬运作 

用 , 或发生近原栖息地的快速搬运 , 埋藏后无 

生物扰动。背景层内大量壳体相连的双瓣 

壳节肢动物化石和完整海绵体化石的存在 

则表明 , 背景层代表一个低氧、低能并具有 

有限生物扰动的沉积环境。 

2008020239 

群落演变的时间构成 = Time components of 

communities. ( 英文 ). Buzas M A; Culver S J. 

Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2004, 

34(1): 1-8 

When surveying a modern community with 

a good fossil record, two components are recognizable: 

species with a fossil record (immigrants 

to the Recent, I) and species without a 

fossil record (originating in the Recent, O). 

How many species will emigrate into the future 

is, of course, unknown. If we treat a slice 

of time in the past as representing the "present", 

older geologic time-slices as the past 

and younger geologic time-slices as the "future", 

four components are recognizable. The 

I’s can be divided into immigrants which become 

emigrants, IE, and immigrants which 

become extinct, IX; while the O’s are those 

originating that emigrate, OE, and those originating 

which become extinct, OX. Thus, the 

total number of species observed is S = IE + 

IX + OE + OX. The "future" consists of emigrants 

in time, E = IE + OE. The question 

arises as to whether or not information 

gleaned from such an approach is transferable 

to modern communities. With this in mind, we 

selected five Cenozoic time-slices and examined 

these four components of benthic foraminifera 

in the Salisbury-Albemarle Embayment 

(SAE) of the North American Atlantic 

coastal plain. In all the fossil communities 

the species are distributed about equally (± 

10%) between O and I components. The OX 

component averages about half of the O species 

and are often rare. These species can be 

regarded as failed "evolutionary trials" and are 

a minimum estimate for extinction. Of the five 

fossil communities, three are balanced where 

OE = IX so that I = E and the total number of 

extinctions is TX = IX + OX = O. In balanced 

communities all of the components can easily 

be predicted, if one is known. In the two unbalanced 

communities, OE > IX so that E > I. 

In these two cases, IX is small and, consequently, 

TX OX. Based on our observations 

of the fossil foraminiferal communities of the 

SAE, we would predict that about half of the 

observed species in a modern community will 

70

e extinct within two to three million years. A 

minimum estimate, the OX component, constitutes 

about a quarter of the observed species. 

While many of the OX species occur rarely, 

survivorship of species with a fossil record (I) 

cannot be predicted on the basis of abundance. 

Consideration of the time slices also indicates 

that the local foraminiferal community depends 

on continual transfer of species into and 

out of a regional species pool. Consequently, 

if other organisms behave like foraminifera, 

any conservation efforts must be directed toward 

a large geographic area. 

2008020240 

中三叠世安妮晚期青岩生物群的群体古生 

态学初步研究 = Preliminary palaeosynecological 

analyses on the Upper Anisian 

(Middle Triassic)Qingyan fauna. ( 中文 ). 陈金 

华 ; 曹美珍 ;Frank Stiller. 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(2): 262-268 

根据群体古生态学的初步研究 , 认为青岩 

生物群的富集是因为发育一个较为特殊的 

生态环境 , 即位于斜坡与台地交接处的一个 

小型盆地 — 护障性浅海中 , 生态类型分析结 

果表明 , 此处为低能稳定的水域 , 水深在正常 

浪基面之下、风暴浪基面之上 , 海水清彻、 

氧气充足、营养丰富 , 并可能富产海藻 , 因而 

十分有利于海相底栖生物繁衍。 

2008020241 

化石碎片在下古生界烃源岩有机质成熟度 

研究中的重要作用 ( 英文 ) = Importance of 

zoolite debris in the study of organic maturity 

of hydrocarbon-source rocks from Lower Paleozoic. 

( 英文 ). 祁玉平 ; 祝幼华 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(4): 548-552 

对江苏下古生界动物化石有机碎屑 ( 笔 

石、胞石和虫牙 ) 反射率进行系统研究的结 

果表明 , 它们与镜质组反射率有着极为相似 

的光性特征和变化规律 , 即随埋深的增加而 

增高 , 因而它们均可作为有机质成熟度指标 ; 

并进而以牙形刺色变指标 (CAI) 为纽带 , 分别 

建立它们与镜质组反射率之间的良好对应 

关系 , 提出它们的成熟度划分标准 , 为它们的 

实际应用奠定基础。 

2008020242 

内蒙古开鲁盆地白垩纪三大生物群的发现 

及其地质意义 = Discovery of three Cretaceous 

biotas in the Kailu Basin of Inner Mongolia 

and their geological significance. ( 中文 ). 

吴炳伟 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 280-287 

通过对近二十年地层古生物资料的系统 

整理和研究 , 建立了开鲁盆地白垩纪古生物 

组合 , 论述了热河生物群、松花江生物群、 

明水生物群三大生物群的组合特征 , 并与国 

内外古生物组合对比 , 确立了本区生物地层 

层序及地质时代 , 对该区石油勘探及北方白 

垩系层序、生物群、时代归属研究具有特 

殊意义 . 

原生动物 

2008020243 

意大利亚平宁山脉翁布里 — 马奇地区和南 

阿尔卑斯 Bonarelli 层放射虫组合 = The 

radiolarian assemblages of the Bonarelli Horizon 

in the Umbria-Marche Apennines and 

Southern Alps, Italy. ( 英文 ). Salvini G; 

Passerini M M. Cretaceous Research, 1998, 

19(6): 777-804 

The Bonarelli Horizon is an important regional 

marker level in the Umbria-Marche 

Apennines. It is characterized by consisting of 

black bituminous shales that yield a distinctive 

radiolarian fauna. Black shales referable to the 

Bonarelli Horizon are also present in the 

Southern Alps. The horizon is of uniform 

lithology and contains radiolarian assemblages 

of late Cenomanian-early Turonian age 

throughout both the Umbria-Marche Apennines 

and Southern Alps. Several new radiolarian 

taxa have been recognised and described 

from the Bonarelli Horizon of both areas. Two 

new species are defined in this paper, 

namelySethocapsa bossoensisandXitus picenus. 

2008020244 

下萨克森盆地东部上巴列姆阶有孔虫新 

种 :Carlsiella brunsviga gen. nov., sp. nov. 

和 Cerobertinella subhercynica sp. nov = 

Carlsiella brunsviga gen. nov., sp. nov. and 

Cerobertinella subhercynica sp. nov.: new 

foraminifers in the Upper Barremian of the 

eastern Lower Saxony Basin. ( 英文 ). Vespermann 

J. Cretaceous Research, 1998, 19(5): 

663-671 

Foraminifers of late Barremian age belonging 

to the superfamily Ceratobuliminacea are 

described as Carlsiella brunsviga gen. nov., sp. 

nov. and Cerobertinella subhercynica sp. nov. 

Until now there has been no record of these 

taxa in the Lower Cretaceous of NW Germany. 

The samples examined here were taken from 

nearshore facies in the vicinity of Braunschweig, 

Lower Saxony, Germany. Carlsiellais 

described as a new genus which might be 

71

elated to Mironovella Dain, 1970 from the 

Upper Jurassic of Russia. Cerobertinella 

Mjatliuk, 1980 has only been reported previously 

from the Aptian and Albian of Kazakhstan. 

Therefore, the provenance of the taxa 

described herein remains problematical, since 

connections between the eastern Lower 

Saxony Basin and the Tethys via Poland are 

not known to have occurred until the late Barremian. 

The new species might be indicative 

of one or two minor transgressions in the latest 

Barremian via a Carpathian seaway. 

2008020245 

意大利北部南阿尔卑斯 Vajont 谷地白垩 - 

第三纪界线浮游有孔虫的演替 = Planktonic 

foraminiferal turnover across the Cretaceous- 

Tertiary boundary in the Vajont valley 

(Southern Alps, northern Italy). ( 英文 ). 

Luciani V. Cretaceous Research, 1997, 18(6): 

799-821 

Planktonic foraminiferal analysis of the 

Erto section in the Vajont valley (Southern 

Alps, northern Italy) reveals a relatively complete 

succession across the Cretaceous– 

Tertiary (K–T) boundary. The turnover of 

planktonic foraminiferal fauna was studied for 

a stratigraphic interval spanning theAbathomphalus 

mayaroensisZonep .p., Pseudotextularia 

deformisZone, Guembelitria cretacea- 

Zone, Parvularugoglobigerina eugubinaZone, 

Eglobigerina eobullioidesSubzone, andParasubbotina 

pseudobulloidesZonep. p.The extinction 

of most large, ornate, late Maastrichtian 

species occurs below a black ‘boundary 

clay’ (2–4 cm thick); however, part of the 

Late Cretaceous species, mainly heterohelicidids 

and hedbergellids, were found over an 

interval of more than 100 cm above the 

boundary. Although a relatively high number 

of species occur for the last time in the main 

extinction phase, the abundance of these outgoing 

species is less than 20% of the total 

population; unkeeled or weakly keeled, simple-shaped 

forms (heterohelicids, globotruncanellids, 

hedbergellids) constitute the bulk of 

the planktonic foraminiferal population both 

in uppermost Maastrichtian and lowermost 

Danian beds. The first Tertiary species (‘Globigerina’minutulaand 

‘Globigerina’fringa) 

appear just above the ‘boundary clay’; Parvularuglobigerina 

eugubinaoccurs a few centimeters 

above. A marked increase in abundance 

and diversity in the Tertiary planktonic 

foraminiferal population occurs at the base of 

theEoglobigerina eobulloidesSubzone. 

2008020246 

墨西哥东南部 Sierra de Chiapas 地区中 — 

上白垩统有孔虫组合 = Mid and Upper Cretaceous 

foraminiferal assemblages from the 

Sierra de Chiapas, southeastern Mexico. ( 英 

文 ). Rosales-Domínguez M C; Bermúdez- 

Santana J C; Aguilar-Piña M. Cretaceous Research, 

1997, 18(5): 697-712 

Ten foraminiferal assemblages are identified 

based on micropaleontologic and petrographic 

studies of six measured sections from 

mid and upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks of 

the Sierra de Chiapas (southeastern Mexico). 

These correspond mainly to shallow marine 

carbonates with some deeper environments 

toward the top of the stratigraphic column. 

Foraminiferal assemblages include: for the 

Albian-lower Cenomanian, packstone with 

Nummoloculina heimi; for the Cenomanian, 

mudstone with nezzazatids, wackestone with 

Pseudorhapydionina chiapanensisand small 

rotalids, and mudstone with valvulamminids 

andMicrocodium; for the Turonian-Santonian 

(?), wackestone with calcisphaerulids, packstone 

with Peneroplis and Pseudolituonella, 

and peloid wackestone with Dicyclina and 

Cuneolina; for the upper Campanian- 

Maastrichti an interval, wackestone with 

planktonic foraminifera, wackestone with larger 

benthonic foraminifera, and packstone 

with Chubbina. 

The average total thickness studied is approximately 

2400 m. Although the age of 

these strata, which contain the described foraminiferal 

assemblages, ranges from Albian 

to Maastrichtian, there are some gaps such as 

one corresponding to subaerial exposure during 

the Cenomanian. 

2008020247 

Melides 泻湖 (Swportugal) 冰后期的有孔 

虫和古环境 - 一个海岸演化的区域性模式 

= Postglacial foraminifera and paleoenvironments 

of the Melides lagoon (Swportugal):towards 

a regional model of coastal evolution. 

( 英文 ). Cearreta A; Alday M. Journal 

of Foraminiferal Research, 2007, 37(2): 125- 

135 1 图版 . 

The foraminiferal assemblages recorded in 

the modern environment and sedimentary successions 

of two boreholes drilled in the 

Melides lagoon have been analyzed and their 

paleoenvironmental interpretation suggests 

four stages in the Holocene history of the lagoon. 

Stage A represents a terrestrial environment 

older than 11 ka and contemporane- 

72

ous with a low sea level and a distal shoreline. 

As a consequence of postglacial sea-level rise, 

a brackish environment, dominated by the 

species Ammonia tepida and Brizalina britannica, 

progressively developed in the area between 

11–8 ka. It was followed by a normalsalinity 

environment with Asterigerinata mamilla, 

B. britannica and Cribroelphidium excavatum 

as the main species during the period 

8–5.5 ka. This Stage B represents a marine 

advance into the Melides area characteristic of 

the lower Holocene worldwide. Around 5.5 ka 

(Stage C), a coastal lagoon environment developed 

as a consequence of formation of a 

sandy barrier, which isolated the previous marine 

setting from the open sea. Assemblages 

show that the lagoon was dominantly closed 

with fresh water to very slightly brackish conditions 

from 5.5->0.5 ka. Only the highly tolerant 

species Haynesina germanica is found 

abundantly in the few intervals containing 

foraminifera dated between >3.4 and 0.5 k.y., reflects human intervention on the 

lagoon with land reclamation activities and 

artificial opening of the inlet. Only H. germanica 

and A. tepida characterize the modern 

environment. This general pattern is in agreement 

with microfossil results obtained from 

other coastal sedimentary sequences studied 

during recent years in southwestern Portugal 

and, therefore, is proposed as a possible regional 

evolutionary model for the last 12,000 

years. 

2008020248 

格陵兰西部 Disko Bugt 地区现代底栖有孔 

虫的分布 = Modern distribution of benthic 

foraminifera from Disko Bugt, west 

Greenland. ( 英文 ). Lloyd J M. Journal of Foraminiferal 

Research, 2006, 36(4): 315-331 2 

图版 . 

Benthic foraminifera were investigated 

from 20 grab samples collected from a large 

marine embayment, Disko Bugt, along the 

west Greenland margin. Agglutinated and calcareous 

foraminifera were found throughout 

Disko Bugt, with agglutinated species dominating 

19 out of the 20 samples. The most 

common species are Adercotryma glomerata, 

Spiroplectammina biformis, Textularia earlandi, 

Cribrostomoides crassimargo and Reophax 

fusiformis. Six faunal assemblage zones 

were identified from cluster analysis and detrended 

correspondence analysis. The relationship 

between the foraminifera and environmental 

variables was investigated using canonical 

correspondence analysis. From this 

analysis, bottom water salinity and water 

depth were identified as the most important 

environmental variables explaining the foraminiferal 

assemblages. This result suggests 

water mass characteristics in Disko Bugt are 

an important control on the benthic foraminiferal 

assemblage zones. Where the warm and 

saline West Greenland Current water mass 

impinges on the seafloor, the assemblage is 

dominated by A. glomerata, T. earlandi, R. 

fusiformis and Reophax pilulifer. Sites with 

the cold, lower salinity Polar Water mass at 

the seafloor are dominated by S. biformis and 

A. glomerata, with common Cuneata arctica 

and C. crassimargo. In shallow locations with 

a relatively warm and low salinity surface water 

mass and coarse sediments the fauna is 

dominated by Cibicides lobatulus. In similar 

hydrographic locations with fine-grained 

sediments a mixed faunal assemblage dominated 

by Ammoscalaria pseudospiralis and 

Eggerella advena is found. 

2008020249 

新西兰东北远岸底栖有孔虫的生态分布 = 

Ecological distribution of benthic foraminifera, 

offshore northeast New Zealand. ( 英文 ). 

Hayward B W; Grenfell H R. Journal of Foraminiferal 

Research, 2006, 36(4): 332-354 

Northeast of New Zealand, nine benthic foraminiferal 

associations are recognized and 

mapped (50–3800 m depth) based on cluster 

analysis of faunal census data (>63 µm, 235 

species, 56 samples). Similar associations are 

identified using cluster analysis based on the 

presence or absence of species. Canonical correspondence 

analysis shows that the associations 

correlate most strongly with factors related 

to water depth, especially decreasing 

food supply (organic carbon flux) with increasing 

depth. The depth-stratified distribution 

of lower bathyal to abyssal (>1000 m) 

associations accords well with the deep water 

masses, and is attributed in part to lower oxygen 

concentrations in the bottom waters. The 

two deepest associations, dominated by Alabaminella 

weddellensis, Epistominella exigua, 

Bulimina marginata f. aculeata, Globocassidulina 

subglobosa, and Oridorsalis umbonatus, 

underlie the oxygen minimum zone 

of Circumpolar Deep Water. A mid-lower 

bathyal association dominated by Cassidulina 

carinata, Alabaminella weddellensis, Abditodentrix 

pseudothalmanni, and Trifarina occidentalis, 

underlies Antarctic Intermediate Water. 

In addition to their bathymetric stratifica- 

73

tion, mid shelf to upper bathyal (50–600 m) 

associations also show latitudinal variation 

that may reflect differences in terrigenous 

mud (abundant Eilohedra vitrea), bottom current 

strength, food supply (more abundant 

Cassidulina carinata) and nutrient remineralization 

on the seafloor. At depths of 50 m depth) is similar off northeast (235 

species) and eastern (246 species) New Zealand 

and higher than off the west coast (150 

species). 

2008020250 

比斯开湾布里多尼峡谷现代浊流沉积后底 

栖有孔虫的复苏 = Benthic foraminiferal recovery 

after recent turbidite deposition in Cap 

Breton Canyon, Bay of Biscay. ( 英文 ). Hess S; 

Jorissen F J. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 

2005, 35(2): 114-129 

The vertical distribution of living (rose 

Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera from 

three multiple cores from Cap Breton Canyon, 

Bay of Biscay, France, has been investigated 

with the objective of monitoring the recolonization 

and subsequent evolution of the foraminiferal 

fauna following the deposition of a 

turbidite layer. The first samples, taken in 

May 2000 in the axis of Cap Breton Canyon, 

contained a young turbiditic sequence, most 

likely deposited during the heavy storm of 

December 1999. Four months after this sedimentological 

event, the composition of the 

living benthic foraminiferal fauna was almost 

monospecific in the >150 µm fraction, which 

contained mainly Technitella melo, a species 

which is otherwise very rare or absent in the 

Cap Breton Canyon and open slope assemblages. 

This species was accompanied in the 

63–150 µm fraction by adult specimens of 

Cassidulina carinata and Fursenkoina bradyi, 

and exclusively juvenile specimens of Bolivina 

subaenariensis and Bulimina marginata. 

This fauna represents the first stage of foraminiferal 

colonization after the turbidite 

deposition. The samples taken one year later, 

in June and September 2001, at approximately 

the same location, contained a more variable 

foraminiferal assemblage strongly dominated 

by Bolivina subaenariensis. Foraminiferal 

assemblages in samples taken just below the 

successive turbidite sequences contained 

nearly the same faunal elements as the surface 

assemblages sampled in 2001. The benthic 

foraminiferal assemblages from the canyon 

axis sampled in 2001 show the same composition 

as other canyon axis faunas dominated by 

B. subaenariensis. We suggest that the recovery 

of the foraminiferal faunas in this extremely 

unstable environment takes about 6–9 

months, and that the community structure 

more or less permanently stays in an early 

stage of ecosystem recolonization 

2008020251 

法国大西洋大陆架 "la Grande VASIÈRE " 

地带现生底栖有孔虫 : 动物群组成和小生 

境 = Living benthic foraminifera from "la 

Grande VASIÈRE ", French Atlantic continental 

shelf: faunal composition and microhabitats. 

( 英文 ). Gérald Duchemin; Jorissen F 

J. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2005, 

35(3): 198-218 2 图版 . 

The French continental shelf of the Bay of 

Biscay is occupied by a large body of silty 

sediments called "la Grande Vasière". In the 

northern part of the Bay of Biscay, the living 

benthic foraminifera, of the 63–150 µm and 

>150 µm size fractions, inhabiting this outer 

shelf silt belt have been studied at four stations 

(100–130 m deep), together with some 

environmental parameters (grain size, carbon 

content, pore water oxygen and nitrate + nitrite 

content). The faunas of "La Grande Vasière" 

are characterized by a high foraminiferal 

density in the 63–150 µm size fraction, 

which is often dominated by Nonionella iridea. 

Although the ecology of this species is not 

well known, its appearance seems to be related 

to pulsed organic supplies. In our study 

area, this species is dominant at three stations, 

but almost absent at a fourth one, where the 

organic carbon content is minimal. The foraminiferal 

microhabitat is, for most taxa, restricted 

to the top four centimeters: only Stainforthia 

fusiformis has a distinctly deeper microhabitat 

(mean average living depth = 4.5 

cm). Although free oxygen is limited to the 

uppermost centimeter, a major part of the foraminifera 

occurs between 1 and 4 cm deep, in 

an interval with maximum pore water nitrate + 

nitrite values. The nitrate + nitrite profiles allow 

us to distinguish between stations A and 

B, both at a depth of about 100 m. In the days 

74

prior to sampling, the organic matter flux 

seems to have been less intensive at A and B 

than at stations C and D (depth of 130 m), 

where the nitrate + nitrite maxima are positioned 

just below the sediment-water interface. 

The distinction between these two pairs of 

stations is confirmed by the faunal composition, 

with much lower densities of supposedly 

opportunistic taxa (such as N. iridea) at stations 

A and B, and by the faunal penetration 

depth, with much deeper penetration at stations 

C and D. Our results suggest a strong 

impact of seasonal outer-shelf phytoplankton 

bloom events on the composition and density 

of the benthic foraminiferal faunas. 

2008020252 

得克萨斯纽埃西斯海湾有孔虫的居群动力 

学和溶解 = Population dynamics and dissolution 

of froaminifera in Nueces Bay, Texas. ( 英 

文 ). Buzas-Stephens P; Buzas M A. Journal of 


258 1 图版 . 

Foraminifers are important lower trophiclevel 

members of oceans and estuaries, and 

study of their populations provides information 

about the health of an ecosystem. Replicate 

cores were taken at five stations in Nueces 

Bay, Texas, to evaluate living foraminifers 

in this heavily impacted estuary. A shallow 

secondary bay, Nueces Bay is naturally 

stressed and receives point-source and nonpoint-source 

effluents from the Nueces River 

and various industries. Most of the industries 

are clustered on the south shore of the bay, 

which also has a power plant and a shipping 

channel. The north shore, in contrast, is nearly 

devoid of industry and habitation. Since salinities 

in the bay vary due to freshwater influence, 

foraminiferal populations were sampled 

mid-bay, and spaced on a north-south transect 

where conditions are most constant. Results 

show that living densities and species richness 

are much higher at the south shore, probably 

due to the proximity of river inflow. In addition, 

foraminiferal communities are different 

at the northern and southern shores, as shown 

by statistical analyses. A high percentage of 

living foraminifers, almost exclusively Ammonia, 

have damaged shells, with a few 

chambers to entire whorls missing. This shell 

loss is attributed to dissolution. Framboidal 

pyrite found in living tests in oxygenated 

sediments is a stress response to heavy metal 

contamination, and pyritization may contribute 

to acidic conditions responsible for dissolution. 

Such dissolution is usually associated 

with diagenesis, but apparently can occur extensively 

in living individuals. The study cautions 

against assuming that lower densities, 

species richness, and shell dissolution along a 

transect are due solely to anthropogenic rather 

than natural causes. 

2008020253 

经修订的热带至亚热带古近纪浮游有孔虫 

生物带 = A revised tropical to subtropical 

paleogene planktonic foraminiferal zonation. 

( 英文 ). Berggren W A; Pearson P N. Journal 


298 

New biostratigraphic investigations on 

deep sea cores and outcrop sections have revealed 

several shortcomings in currently used 

tropical to subtropical Eocene planktonic foraminiferal 

zonal schemes in the form of: 1) 

modified taxonomic concepts, 2) modified/different 

ranges of taxa, and 3) improved 

calibrations with magnetostratigraphy. This 

new information provides us with an opportunity 

to make some necessary improvements to 

existing Eocene biostratigraphic schemes. At 

the same time, we provide an alphanumeric 

notation for Paleogene zones using the prefix 

‘P’ (for Paleocene), ‘E’ (for Eocene) and ‘O’ 

(for Oligocene) to achieve consistency with 

recent short-hand notation for other Cenozoic 

zones (Miocene [’M’], Pliocene [PL] and 

Pleistocene [PT]). Sixteen Eocene (E) zones 

are introduced (or nomenclaturally emended) 

to replace the 13 zones and subzones of 

Berggren and others (1995). This new zonation 

serves as a template for the taxonomic 

and phylogenetic studies in the forthcoming 

Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera 

(Pearson and others, in press). The 10 zones 

and subzones of the Paleocene (Berggren and 

others, 1995) are retained and renamed and/or 

emended to reflect improved taxonomy and an 

updated chronologic calibration to the Global 

Polarity Time Scale (GPTS) (Berggren and 

others, 2000). The Paleocene/Eocene boundary 

is correlated with the lowest occurrence 

(LO) of Acarinina sibaiyaensis (base of Zone 

E1), at the top of the truncated and redefined 

(former) Zone P5. The five-fold zonation of 

the Oligocene (Berggren and others, 1995) is 

modified to a six-fold zonation with the elevation 

of (former) Subzones P21a and P21b to 

zonal status. The Oligocene (O) zonal components 

are renamed and/or nomenclaturally 

emended. 

2008020254 

75

澳大利亚地域古近纪浮游有孔虫生物带的 

再修订 = Revised paleogene planktonic foraminiferal 

biozonation for the Austral realm. 

( 英文 ). Huber B T; Frédéric Quillévéré. Journal 

of Foraminiferal Research, 2005, 35(4): 

299-314 

A major revision to the Antarctic Paleogene 

planktonic foraminifer biozonation is 

presented using the latest species concepts and 

biostratigraphic studies of Ocean Drilling Program 

(ODP) sites located between 52°S and 

65°S paleolatitude in the southern South Atlantic 

and southern Indian Oceans. Shorthand 

prefixes for the Antarctic Paleogene zones are 

designated as "AP" zones for the "Antarctic 

Paleocene", "AE" zones for the "Antarctic 

Eocene", and "AO" zones for the "Antarctic 

Oligocene". New numerical ages for Paleogene 

planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous 

nannofossil first- and last-occurrence events 

are estimated using new age-depth curves 

constructed for ODP Sites 738 and 744 in the 

southern Indian Ocean. The order and timing 

of these events are compared with bio-, magneto- 

and chemostratigraphic datums that have 

been recently published, reinterpreted, or observed 

in the present study. The revised zonal 

framework and age models will improve correlation 

of Paleogene planktonic foraminifer 

pelagic and hemipelagic carbonate sequences 

within and outside the Austral Realm. 

2008020255 

东特提斯洋 Maastrichtian 晚期及 Danian 

早期低分异度的浮游有孔虫组合 = Lowdiversity, 

Late Maastrichtian and Early 

Danian planktic foraminiferal assemblages of 

the eastern Tethys. ( 英文 ). Keller G. Journal 


73 4 图版 . 

The eastern Tethys, from Israel to Egypt, 

experienced unusually adverse environmental 

conditions for planktic foraminifera during the 

last two million years of the Maastrichtian, as 

evident by very low species richness, blooms 

of opportunistic Guembelitria species in surface 

waters, dominance of low-oxygentolerant 

heterohelicids in subsurface waters, 

and near absence of deeper dwelling globotruncanids. 

Comparison of southern Israel 

(Mishor Rotem section) with central Egypt 

(Gebel Qreiya section) reveals that adverse 

conditions intensified towards the south with 

foraminiferal assemblages mimicking stress 

conditions of the early Danian, dominated 

(75–90%) by Guembelitria blooms. Faunal 

assemblages indicate an expanded oxygen 

minimum and dysoxic zone throughout the 

region, though at the greater depths represented 

by localities of southern Israel, bottom 

waters remained aerobic. Primary productivity 

was extremely low, as indicated by stable isotopes 

and low total organic content in sediments. 

These adverse environmental conditions 

are likely related to the regional paleobathymetry 

of the tectonically active Syrian 

Arc that spans Syria to Egypt. The paleorelief 

of intra-shelf and intra-slope basins of the Syrian 

Arc, with their differential rates of subsidence 

and sedimentation, active folding and 

faulting, likely controlled the intensity of circulation, 

upwelling, watermass stratification 

and the extent of the oxygen minimum zone. 

The late Maastrichtian rapid climate and sea 

level changes exacerbated these conditions. 

2008020256 

利用荧光的方解石标志物钙黄绿素来标记 

有孔虫壳 = Use of the fluorescent calcite 

marker calcein to label foraminiferal tests. ( 英 

文 ). Bernhard J M; Blanks J K. Journal of 


101 3 图版 . 

We describe a novel application of the fluorescent 

compound calcein (Bis[N,N-bis (carboxymethyl) 

aminomethyl]-fluorescein), 

which was used to fluorescently label foraminiferal 

calcite. Foraminifers that were 

incubated in a 10 mg L–1 solution of calcein 

and seawater precipitated normal-looking 

chambers during and after calcein incubation, 

which lasted up to three weeks. The survival 

rate of specimens incubated in calcein was 

similar to that of control specimens; some 

specimens reproduced during or after calcein 

exposure. Thus, this calcein-tagging method is 

non-lethal. Chambers precipitated during calcein 

incubation fluoresced a yellow-green 

when viewed with epifluorescence or laser 

scanning confocal microscopy (470 nm excitation, 

500 nm emission). When viewed alternatively 

with reflected light, chambers formed 

after calcein incubation were easily distinguished 

from calcein-marked chambers, because 

calcite precipitated after calcein exposure 

does not fluoresce. Fluorescence is retained 

through fixation and air drying, thus the 

signal can be viewed in archived specimens. 

The method was executed on specimens from 

15 species collected from three habitats with 

diferent environmental conditions. Results 

indicate that calcein is incorporated by all 15 

species. The method has a number of potential 

76

applications, including experiments aimed at 

identifying benthic foraminifers that are faithful 

recorders of paleoceanographic proxies, as 

well as field studies to assess locations and 

chronology of foraminiferal calcification 

2008020257 

Nuttallides umbonifera 的保存和颜色差异 

= Preservation and color differences in Nuttallides 

umbonifera. ( 英文 ). Carman M R; 

Keigwin L D. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 

2004, 34(2): 102-108 1 图版 . 

Abundant Nuttallides umbonifera 

(Cushman) in Holocene deep sea sediments of 

the western North Atlantic make them of great 

value for reconstructing deep sea paleoenvironments. 

This species is particularly 

abundant in the high-deposition-rate sediments 

of the Laurentian Fan between Nova 

Scotia and Newfoundland, where variations in 

test color came to our attention. Specimens 

ranged from a white, chalky appearance to a 

golden, translucent brown. Because we have 

conducted stable isotope studies using this 

species, we reasoned it is important to know 

the basis for the different colors. Living N. 

umbonifera are brown due to an internal, pigmented, 

chitinous layer of the test. In the natural 

environment, tests could be etched by corrosive 

bottom waters, or by corrosive pore 

waters on the millimeter to centimeter scale. 

By lightly subjecting brown specimens to dilute 

acid, we are able to etch and frost them 

until their tests appeared to lose their brown 

color and turn white. By measuring 13C and 

18O on large individuals from the same sample, 

we show that, on average, there is no significant 

isotopic difference between the brown 

and white specimens. Thus, we rule out 

changing bottom water properties as the 

source of dissolution. Instead, it is likely that 

bioturbation creates local pockets of reducing 

conditions which cause etching of some (but 

not all) specimens in a contemporaneous 

population. 

2008020258 

中国西部塔里木盆地密西西比亚纪维宪晚 

期的钙质微体化石 = Late Visean (Mississippian) 

calcareous microfossils from the Tarim 

basin of western China. ( 英文 ). Brenckle P L. 


34(2): 144-164 8 图版 . 

The Yeyungou Formation near the town 

of Wushi on the north side of the Tarim Basin 

contains late Visean (Tulsky–early Aleksinsky) 

calcareous foraminifers, algae and incertae 

sedis deposited in mixed siliciclasticcarbonate 

lithologies within shelf and slopeto-basinal 

settings. Similarities with coeval 

assemblages found in middle and western 

Asia and on the Russian Platform confirm the 

relatively unrestricted biotic communication 

between continental plates across the Paleotethyan 

seaway at that time. The carbonates at 

Wushi are both in situ and reworked from the 

collapse of upslope platform beds. The latter 

are composed of shallow-shelf, grainsupported 

bioclastic lithologies and microbialskeletal 

algae buildups that are widely developed 

on contemporaneous Paleotethyan platforms. 

Species described in this paper include 

the foraminifers Carbotarima postfinitima n. 

gen. n. sp., Mediocris? liae n. name and Pojarkovella 

wushiensis n. emend., and the alga 

Asteroaoujgalia gibshmanae n. gen. n. sp. The 

microbiota is fully illustrated. 

2008020259 

马里兰 Calvert Cliffs 地区两层中新世沉积 

中有孔虫群落结构 = Community structure of 

foraminifera from two Miocene beds at Calvert 

Cliffs, Maryland. ( 英文 ). Buzas M A. 


34(3): 208-213 

On each of two horizontal beds in the 

Miocene sediments at Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, 

nine stations were placed in an equally 

spaced grid. At each station five samples were 

taken at random, and in each sample individuals 

were identified to species and counted. A 

list of species proportions or relative abundances 

constitutes a vector, p, with rank S = 

species richness. The statistical distribution of 

p is defined as the community structure. To 

identify community structure, species abundances 

are cumulated in successive samples 

and the species richness, S, the information 

function, H, and the evenness, E, are evaluated 

at each stage. The graph or curve of the cumulated 

frequency, the distribution function, is 

identifiable for various statistical distributions 

and allows for community structure identification. 

The entire procedure is called SHE 

analysis for community structure identification, 

SHECSI. For a log series distribution, the 

regression on the cumulated frequency lnS = a 

+ blnE has a value of slope b = –1 and of intercept 

a = H. The results obtained from both 

beds at Calvert Cliffs are in agreement with 

the expectation of a log series distribution. 

Comparison of the results from these fossil 

populations with results from living and total 

77

populations indicates that a log series distribution 

is the expected distribution for the structure 

of living and fossil shallow-water foraminiferal 

communities. 

2008020260 

蜂巢层壳壁新的扫描电子显微镜观察结果 

及其对蜓类演化的意义 = New SEM observations 

of keriothecal walls: implications for 

the evolution of Fusulinida. ( 英文 ). Vachard 

D; Munnecke A. Journal of Foraminiferal 

Research, 2004, 34(3): 232-242 3 图版 . 

This study presents new scanning electron 

microscopy (SEM) observations of Paleozoic 

foraminifera. It focuses especially on 

the wall of three Fusulinida, Sakmarella moelleri, 

Paraskinnerella skinneri, and Taiyuanella 

furoni, that belong to the Schwagerinoidea, 

which are fusulinids with keriothecal 

test walls. In addition, Eostaf-fella sp. is investigated 

as an example of the microstructure 

of the microgranular imperforate tectum. 

The fillings of the keriothecal alveoles of 

Sakmarella, Paraskinnerella, and Taiyuanella 

yield diverse, characteristic flower-like structures 

that indicate a gradual evolution of the 

microstucture of the tests. Sakmarella and 

Paraskinnerella have flowers with a narrow 

center, and Taiyuanella has a larger center. 

The true keriothecal structure, described, for 

example, in Triticites, is distinguished from 

these structures by simply filled alveoles. The 

term "anthotheca" is introduced for the structure 

with narrow-centered flowers. It can be 

distinguished from the large-centered flower 

structure identified as Zhuang’s (1989) stalactotheca. 

Following a literature review of previous 

work on keriothecal structures, several 

morphofunctional hypotheses are discussed, 

including the housing of symbiotic algae or 

cyanobacteria, which leads to the new interpretation 

that the flowers of the antho- and 

stalactothecal structures are induced by algal 

endosymbionts. In addition, we discuss the 

monophyly of keriothecal fusulinids. The 

transition from diaphanothecal to keriothecal 

forms recognized since Thompson (1964) is 

reinterpreted in terms of relationships with 

symbiotic algae or cyanobacteria. The Schwagerinoidea 

constitute an important group in 

understanding the evolution of larger foraminifera 

in the late Paleozoic. 

2008020261 

特提斯始新世 Harpactocarcinus 属新种和 

它们的古生态环境 = New species of Harpactocarcinus 

from the Tethyan Eocene and their 

paleoecological setting. ( 英文 ). Schweitzer C; 

Shirk A M. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(5): 1091-1100 2 图版 . 

Two new species, Harpactocarcinus 

yozgatensis from the early Eocene (Ypresian) 

Yoncal Formation of Turkey and H. dalmatius 

from the middle Eocene (Bartonian) Foraminiferal 

limestones of Hvar Island, Croatia, 

are described. Harpactocarcinus yozgatensis 

suggests an early Eocene origin of the genus. 

Their discovery posits a more easterly point of 

origin for the genus than was previously 

known, a position which is supported by the 

foraminiferal assemblages of both localities. 

Evaluation of species referred to Harpactocarcinus 

has resulted in one new combination, 

Neozanthopsis achalzicus (Bittner in Abich, 

1882). 

2008020262 

中国广西南部二叠纪末期放射虫 

Entactinaria 目 = Latest Permian Entactinaria 

(Radiolaria) from southern Guangxi, 

China. ( 英文 ). Feng Qinglai; Gu Songzhu; He 

Weihong; Jin Yuxi. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2007, 26(part 1): 19-37 

A highly diverse and well-preserved latest 

Permian radiolarian fauna was obtained from 

muddy siliceous rocks and siliceous mudstones 

of the Dalong Formation, southern 

Guangxi, China. Specimens of the Order Entactinaria 

were selected for taxonomic study. 

Thirty-four species, among which were nine 

new species and twelve unidentified species, 

are included in this investigation. The nine 

new species are Entactinia wangi, Entactinia 

minuta, Entactinia sashidai, Trilonche textiles, 

Triaenosphaera wriabilis, Triaenosphaera 

megacantha, Provisocyntra densa, Provisocyntra 

ormistoni and Wuyia dongpanica. Permian 

species of the Family Spongentactiniidae 

Nazarov are reported first and the extinction 

pattern of the Order Entactinaria is discussed. 

2008020263 

西北欧波罗的海西部底栖有孔虫组合季节 

动态和十年周期变化 = Seasonal dynamics 

and decadal changes of benthic foraminiferal 

assemblages in the western Baltic Sea (NW 

Europe). ( 英文 ). Schonfeld J; Numberger L. 


1): 47-60 

Living benthic foraminiferal assemblages 

were monitored between January and July 

2004 in the Kiel Bight, Baltic Sea. Phytoplankton 

blooms and the deposition of organic 

78

detritus were depicted by fluorometer hydro 

casts and pigment concentrations in surface 

sediments. Three depositional pulses of organic 

matter were identified by high phytoplankton 

concentrations above the sea floor 

and elevated pigment concentrations in the 

surface sediment. The foraminiferal assemblage 

composition remained rather constant 

but the population density of Elphidium excavatum 

clavatum showed a two- to six-fold 

increase within a few days after organic detritus 

deposition. The foraminiferal assemblage 

composition was compared to earlier studies 

in this area. Elphidium excavatum, Ammotium 

cassis and E. incertum dominated the living 

fauna in the 1960s and 1970s. The recent survey 

revealed a predominance of E. excavatum 

subspecies (more than 90% of the living assemblage). 

The average population densities 

were six times higher than in the 1970s. Data 

structure and model calculations suggested 

that E. excavatum clavatum is able to reproduce 

rapidly, with high offspring numbers at 

elevated food supply. The diminution of A. 

cassis has occurred in Kiel Bight during the 

last ten years and was most likely induced by 

a period of low deep-water salinities in the 

early 1990s. 

2008020264 

土耳其南部 Taurides 东部巴什基尔阶 - 莫斯 

科阶界线附近的蜓类 = Fusulinid foraminifera 

of the Bashkirian-Moscovian boundary in 

the eastern Taurides, southern Turkey. ( 英文 ). 

Dzhenchuraeva A V; Okuyucu C. Journal of 

Micropalaeontology, 2007, 26(part 1): 73-85 

Fusulinid faunas of the Pennsylvanian 

(Bashkirian-Moscovian) deposits of the Siyah 

Aladag Nappe were investigated from the Kuzuoluk 

section located in the eastern Taurides. 

The section is represented by grey, occasionally 

laminated, algal and fusulinid-rich limestones. 

The foraminiferal faunas of the Kuzuoluk 

section are very diverse and abundant 

which allows identification of the Bashkirian- 

Moscovian boundary by index-species such as 

Verella spicata and Aljutovella aliutovica. 

Other key taxa in the Bashkirian-Moscovian 

interval include Pseudostaffella grandis and 

Staffellaeformes staffellaeformis (Bashkirian 

Stage, upper part of the Lower Substage), 

Ozawainella pararhomboidalis and Staffellaeformes 

bona (Bashkirian Stage, Upper Substage), 

Verella spicata (Bashkirian Stage, Upper 

Substage) and Aljutovella aljutovica Zones 

(Moscovian Stage, Lower Substage). The 

Bashkirian-Moscovian microfaunas from the 

Kuzuoluk section can be correlated with assemblages 

from Tien-Shan, the Southern 

Urals and the Russian Platform. 

2008020265 

英国赫里福郡 Konservat 化石库 ( 志留 

纪 ) 中的放射虫 = The radiolaria of the 

Herefordshire Konservat-Lagerstatte (Silurian), 

England. ( 英文 ). Siveter D J; Aitchison 

J C; Siveter D J; Sutton M D. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 

2007, 26(part 1): 87-95 

Concretions of the Wenlock Series Herefordshire 

Konservat-Lagerstatte of the Welsh 

Borderland have yielded one of the few recorded 

Silurian radiolarian faunas world-wide 

and the only one known from the Silurian of 

Britain. The low diversity radiolarian fauna 

consists of new forms of Inaniguttidae (Inanihella 

sagena sp. nov. and Inanihella sp.). 

Haplentactimidae (Haplentactinia arinista sp. 

nov.) and a previously reported form of Secuicollactidae 

(Secuicollacta hexatinia (Won et 

al., 2002)). The fauna has affinities with Silurian 

radiolarian assemblages of the Urals, the 

Canadian Arctic and Alaska. Stratigraphically 

the Herefordshire fauna appears transitional 

between established Silurian radiolarian biozones. 

2008020266 

对分布于中新世至现代的有孔虫种 

Globigerinoides sacculifer 典型材料的再研 

究 = The type material of the Miocene to Recent 

species Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady) 

revisited. ( 英文 ). Williams M; Schmidt D N; 

Wilkinson I P; Miller C G; Taylor P D. Journal 

of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 25(part 2): 

153-156 

The detailed test morphology of the type 

suite of specimens for the planktonic foraminifer 

Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady) 

is illustrated for the first time since the species 

was identified in 1877. Fossil representatives 

of this species are a key index for oceanographic 

reconstruction of the Neogene and 

Quaternary tropics. The types of G. sacculifer, 

sourced from a loose 'chalk' block on a beach 

in New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, all bear a 

sac-like terminal chamber and are heavily calcified. 

They have undergone gametogenesis. 

Scanning electron microscopy identifies calcite 

fabrics of the test that were formed postontogenetically. 

2008020267 

79

广西南部二叠纪长兴期放射虫动物群 ( 英文 ) 

= Radiolarians from the uppermost Permian 

Changhsingian of southern Guangxi. ( 英文 ). 

尚庆华 ;M 里杜瓦 ; 王玉净 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2001, 18(3): 229-240 4 图版 . 

广西南宁南部柳桥地区的长兴组上部硅 

质岩中保存着精美的长兴期晚期放射虫动 

物群 , 共有 24 属 39 种 , 其中 3 个新种 , 其中以 

Latentifistularia 最为常见 , 其次是 

Albaillellidae 和 Entactiniidae, 属于二叠纪晚 

期的 Neoalbaillella optima 组合。伴生生物 

有有孔虫、海绵骨针、腕足动物等。多数 

属种在接近二叠纪 - 三叠纪界线附近消失 , 

但生物群中已出现少量三叠纪分子。 

2008020268 

湖南桑植早三叠世放射虫化石 ( 英文 ) = 

Early Triassic radiolarians from Sangzhi, Hunan. 

( 英文 ). 冯庆来 ; 顾松竹 ; 丁梅华 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2001, 18(3): 249-253 

上二叠统深海相地层中放射虫化石十分 

常见 , 浅海相灰岩中也时有发现。然而 , 格里 

斯巴赫阶至今未找到放射虫化石 , 迪纳尔期 

和史密斯期的放射虫化石仅有土耳其西北 

部、泰国南部、湖南桑植和美国俄勒冈州 

中部四个化石点。这些放射虫化石普遍产 

自灰岩中 , 并以极低的分异度为特征 , 仅由 1 

到 4 个种组成 , 均为古生代型分子。根据牙 

形石化石 , 湖南桑植放射虫化石产于迪纳尔 

阶和史密斯阶的结核状灰岩中 , 鉴定有两个 

种 , 即 Entactinia nikorni 和 ?Polyentactinia 

phatthalungensis。它们与泰国南部迪纳尔 

期的放射虫可以对比 , 但与土耳其西北部迪 

纳尔期至史密斯期的放射虫动物群略有不 

同。 

2008020269 

福建宁化早二叠世早期的小有孔虫动物群 

= Early Early Permian smaller foraminiferal 

fauna from Ninghua County, Fujian Province. 

( 中文 ). 张祖辉 ; 洪祖寅 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2001, 18(3): 254-262 2 图版 . 

本文报道的福建宁化湖村早二叠世早期 

与 Staffella 共生的小有孔虫动物群 , 在福建 

地区还属首次发现。该动物群计有 9 属 20 

种 , 称为 Globivalvulina-Nodosaria 组合。这 

一小有孔虫动物群的发现 , 不但为福建地区 

栖霞组底部补充了新的化石门类 , 且为石炭 

系二叠系的划分提供了新的依据。 

2008020270 

扬子地台西南缘早石炭世早期有孔虫化石 

带 = Foraminiferal zonation of early Early 

Carboniferous from the south-western margin 

of Yangtze Platform. ( 中文 ). 吴祥和 ; 廖书正 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(3): 293-308 2 图 

版 . 

扬子地台西南缘是早石炭世有孔虫动物 

群主要发育地区之一 . 本文通过滇东沾益、 

黔南独山、桂北罗城、环江、桂林、阳朔 

及灵川等 10 条剖面系统研究 , 首次从泥盆系 

顶部至维宪统底部建立了 Quasiendothyra 

带 ,Bisphaera 带 ,Chernyshinella 

带 ,Nodochernyshinella 带 ( 进而又分为 N. 

tumulosa 亚带和 Spinotournayellina 亚 

带 ),Tuberendothyra 带 ,Spinoendothyra 带 ( 分 

为 Paradainella 亚带和 Pseudodainella 亚 

带 ,Dainella 带 ,Globoendothyra 

带 ,Palaeoparastaffella 带及 Eoparastaffella 

带等 10 个带和 4 个亚带 , 对每个带 ( 及亚带 ) 

进行了有孔虫动物群详细分析 . 本文阐述了 

以 N. tumulosa 为代表的节结状次生沉积物 

有孔虫类出现 , 是早石炭世早期有孔虫演化 

的一个重要阶段 . 通过 Spinotournayellina, 原 

始的 tuberendothyrid, 进化的 tuberendothyrid 

至 Spinoendothyra 的出现 , 结合其它节结状 

和无节结状有孔虫层序特征详细分析了 

Tn2b-Tn3a 间隔的有孔虫类一次次更新、演 

替关系 . 本文描述 Spinotournayellina, Palaeospinoendothyra,Pseudoinflatoendothyra 

及 Pseudodainella 等 4 个新属及它们的模式 

种 , 简述了这些分类单位宏演化关系 , 对沿袭 

了半个世纪的岩关阶涵义作了修正 , 下限即 

为石炭系底界 , 始于 Bisphaera 带底界 , 上限 

止于 Eoparastaffella 带底界 , 并扼要地阐述 

了与西欧狄南盆地、北美同期地层对比关 

系。 

2008020271 

伊朗中部德纳玛科地区库姆组早中新世底 

栖有孔虫和生物地层 = Early Miocene benthic 

foraminifera and biostratigraphy of the 

Qom Formation, Deh Namak, Central Iran. 

( 英文 ). Daneshian J; Dana L R. Journal of 

Asian Earth Sciences, 2007, 29(5-6): 844-858 

A total of 165 samples were collected 

from the Qom Formation investigated in a 

stratigraphic section north of Deh Namak, in 

Central Iran. From these, 35 genera and 47 

species of benthic foraminifera were identified. 

The age of the studied section is Early Miocene 

(Aquitanian to Early Burdigalian) based 

on the occurrence of Borelis melo curdica, 

Meandropsina anahensis, Meandropsina 

80

iranica, Elphidium sp. 14, Peneroplis farsensis, 

and Triloculina tricarinata. The thickness 

of the Qom Formation is 401 m of which 

161.2 m is early Burdigalian in age. Foraminiferal 

assemblages in the Deh Namak 

section are referable to the Borelis melo 

group-Meandropsina iranica Assemblage 

Zone and Miogypsinoides-Archaias- 

Valvulinid Assemblage Zone of [Adams, T.D., 

Bourgeois, F., 1967. Asmari biostratigraphy. 

Iranian Oil Operating Companies, Geological 

and Exploration Division, Report1074 (unpublished) 

1–37.] described originally from the 

Asmari Formation. 

2008020272 

土耳其中部埃斯基谢希尔南部 Ilerdian– 

Cuisian 灰岩有孔虫 Alveolina 组合生物地 

层和系统发生 = Biostratigraphic interpretation 

and systematics of Alveolina assemblages 

from the Ilerdian–Cuisian limestones of 

Southern Eskişehir, Central Turkey. ( 英文 ). 

Özgen-Erdem N; Akyazı M; Karabaşoğlu A. 


6): 911-927 

The Ilerdian–Middle Cuisian sedimentary 

succession of the Seyitgazi region, southern 

Eskişehir (Central Anatolia, Turkey) is composed 

of claystones, limestones and clayey 

limestones. It contains abundant benthic foraminifera, 

particularly species of Alveolina. 

From this succession, 28 species of Alveolina 

d’Orbigny are described and their comparative 

stratigraphic distribution with the Alveolina 

species in the Tethyan Eocene is documented. 

Generally, Ilerdian–Cuisian Alveolina assemblages 

of the Seyitgazi region have close affinities 

with coeval Alveolina assemblages 

described in different studies from the 

Tethyan Province. The Ilerdian unit of the 

study area is characterized by Alveolina species 

such as Glomalveolina lepidula, Glomalveolina 

minutula, G. karsica, Alveolina vredenburgi, 

A. ellipsoidalis, A. avellana, A. aff. 

minervensis, A. dedolia, A. moussoulensis, A. 

subpyrenaica, A. laxa, A. aragonensis, A. 

varians, A. ilerdensis, A. trempina, A. citrea, 

A. pisella and A. decipiens. Likewise, the 

Early Middle Cuisian unit is represented by G. 

minutula, A. oblonga, A. schwageri, A. haymanensis, 

A. canavarii, A. aff. coudurensis, A. 

ruetimeyeri, A. muscatensis, A. cremae, A. 

bayburtensis and A. lehneri. 

2008020273 

中国古生代放射虫研究世纪回顾 —— 为庆 

贺盛金章院士 80 华诞而作 = A review of 

Paleozoic radiolarian research in China in the 

last century. ( 中文 ). 王玉净 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2001, 18(4): 313-320 

20 世纪中国古生代放射虫研究取得三方 

面成绩 :1. 研究地域涉及全国大部分省区。 

除东北三省、河北、山西、山东、海南、 

台湾外 , 古生代放射虫已在我国 19 个省区发 

现。时代从晚寒武世至晚二叠世长兴期 ;2. 

研究领域逐步扩大 , 确立了三种不同的放射 

虫岩相类型 , 洋盆相区以广西钦州板城最为 

典型 , 从晚泥盆世弗拉斯期 - 晚二叠世长兴早 

期共建立 18 个化石带 ; 岛弧相区以云南西部 

昌宁 - 孟连地体作代表 , 从中泥盆世吉维特 

期 - 晚二叠世长兴期发育 12 个化石带 ; 台盆 

相区以苏皖地区中二叠世孤峰组放射虫研 

究得较好 , 建立 3 个化石带 , 这些放射虫化石 

带 , 与洋盆相区 , 岛弧相区同时代的带基本上 

相似或相同 ;3. 中国 4 条主要蛇绿岩带都发 

现了放射虫硅质岩和放射虫动物群 , 这对蛇 

绿岩带的形成时代和板块碰撞时间的确定 

提供了有力的证据。最后 , 文中还提出了新 

世纪里我国古生代放射虫研究的方向。 

2008020274 

蜓类旋壁超微构造的研究 = A study on wall 

ultrastructure of fusulinids. ( 中文 ). 周建平 ; 张 

遴信 ; 罗辉 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(4): 

321-334 4 图版 . 

电子显微镜下观察表明 , 除史塔夫蜓类外 , 

蜓类旋壁有 8 种类型 , 各分层的超微构造是 

由形状不同、粒径不一及排列方式各异的 

方解石晶粒组成。旋壁基本结构包括致密 

层、透明层、内疏松层、外疏松层、原蜂 

巢层 (? 原始层 )、蜂巢层及后透明层。蜓类 

标本受后期次生作用 , 可改变组成旋壁的方 

解石晶粒原有的形状 , 晶粒被重结晶 , 但其旋 

壁的分层结构仍保留原生的特征。 

2008020275 

福建漳平下二叠统的小有孔虫 = The Lower 

Permian smaller foraminiferal fauna from 

Zhangping,Fujian. ( 中文 ). 张祖辉 ; 洪祖寅 . 微 

体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(4): 335-348 2 图版 . 

福建漳平岭兜下二叠统地层发育良好 , 序 

列清楚 , 与蜓类共生的小有孔虫化石丰富。 

根据化石群垂直分布特点 , 可分为三个小有 

孔虫组合 , 自下而上为 Geinitzina- Pachyphloia 

组合 ,Langella- Pseudoglandulina 

longa 组合及 Hemigordius qinglongensis- 

Cribrogenerina celebrata 组合。这三个小有 

孔虫组合在福建均属首次发现。这发现为 

81

下二叠统的地层时代归属又提供了一佐 

证。 

2008020276 

西藏南部岗巴地区晚白垩世 Cenomanian- 

Turonian 集群灭绝事件后有孔虫动物群的 

复苏 = Recovery of foraminifera from the 

Late Cretaceous Cenomanian-Turonian mass 

extinction in Gamba, southern Tibet. ( 中文 ). 

赵文金 ; 万晓樵 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 

189-194 

西藏南部岗巴地区 Cenomanian- 

Turonian 界线附近发生过一次与大洋缺氧 

事件有关的集群灭绝事件。其后 , 随着海水 

中溶解氧含量的逐渐增加 , 海洋中微体古生 

物 , 尤其是有孔虫逐渐得到了恢复以至繁 

盛。从 Turonian 早期至 Santonian 晚期 , 有 

孔虫动物群的复苏过程经历了三个时期 : 残 

存期、复苏期及辐射期 , 其复苏的型式为渐 

变式复苏。 

2008020277 

二叠纪古纺锤蜓 (Palaeofusulina) 旋壁超微 

构造及其分类位置 = Ultrastructures in the 

spirotheca of Palaeofusulina of Permian and 

its systematic position. ( 中文 ). 周建平 ; 张遴 

信 ;. 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 239-243 1 图版 . 

电子显微镜下研究表明 ,Palaeofusulina 的 

旋壁由致密层及 “ 透明层 ” 组成 ,“ 透明层 ” 的 

晶粒形状、大小和排列方式与旋壁四层式 

(Fusulinella 型 ) 中的透明层超微特征有较大 

的差异。文中应用 Palaeofusulina 旋壁的透 

明层一词 , 加以引号 , 以示两者之间的区别。 

晚二叠世长兴阶的 Palaeofusulina 属及其旋 

壁构造相同的若干属均可归于 

Palaeofusulininae M. -Maclay,1963 亚科。 

2008020278 

茅口期蜓类动物的灭绝过程 — 灭绝选择性 

与物种个体大小关系的验证 = Study on extinction 

process of Maokouan fusulinacean 

fauna—a test for extinction selectivity related 

to body size. ( 中文 ). 杨湘宁 ; 刘家润 ; 施贵军 ; 

周建平 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(4): 463-470 

对茅口期蜓类动物群灭绝过程的分析揭 

示 , 若将蜓类物种按壳体大小分为两类 , 从动 

物群物种分异度、物种净增速率的变化来 

看 , 大个体 ( 壳长 >6mm) 物种与小个体 ( 壳长 ≤ 

6mm) 物种的灭绝过程并无明显的区别。根 

据壳壁等特征 , 茅口期蜓类可分为南京蜓 

类、希瓦格蜓类、费伯克蜓类和新希瓦格 

蜓类 4 个主要类群 , 各主要类群及其壳体大 

小不同的物种灭绝过程有明显的差异。在 

灭绝事件早期 , 各类群及其壳体大小不同的 

两类物种所受的影响有所不同。在早期的 

灭绝中 , 南京蜓类、新希瓦格蜓类、希瓦格 

蜓类中壳长 >6mm 和费伯克蜓类中壳长 ≤ 

6mm 的物种显著减少 , 而希瓦格蜓类中壳长 

≤ 6mm 以及费伯克蜓类中壳长 >6mm 的物 

种则未受明显的影响。在茅口期晚期 , 由于 

灭绝压力的增大 , 除南京蜓类外 , 所有类群及 

其物种无论个体大小均受到重创 , 导致蜓类 

动物群物种分异度陡然下降。研究结果证 

明 , 在灭绝强度较小时 , 蜓类动物的生物学特 

征 , 如壳体大小、壳壁特征对物种的存活率 

有一定影响 , 而在集群灭绝的高峰期间 , 这些 

特征则不能发挥有效的作用。 

2008020279 

山东济宁煤田东区太原组蜓类动物群 = 

Study on the fusulinida fauna in the Taiyuan 

Formation from the east area of Jining Coalfield, 

Shandong Province. ( 中文 ). 蒋汉朝 ; 王 

明镇 ; 张锡麒 ; 李增学 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(4): 514-522 1 图版 . 

通过对山东济宁煤田东区太原组蜓类动 

物群的系统研究 , 共鉴定出蜓类化石 15 属 

108 种。根据蜓类化石在地层中的分布和垂 

向的变化规律 , 自上而下建立一个蜓带三个 

亚带 : Pseudoschwagerina 带 , 3) Boultoniawillsi- 

Schwagerina cervicalis 亚带 , 2) 

Pseudofusulina sphaeroidea- Schwagerina 

neolata 亚带 , 1) Rugosofusulina complicata- 

Quasifusulina longissima 亚带。通过与邻区 

及华北部分地区对比 , 本区太原组蜓类动物 

群的地质时代为早二叠世早期 , 本区石炭系 / 

二叠系界线应置于太原组第十一层灰岩之 

底。 

2008020280 

晚二叠世蜓类 Gallowayinella 的旋壁超微 

构造及其时代 = Ultrastructures in the spirotheca 

of Late Permian Gallowayinella and 

its age. ( 中文 ). 周建平 ; 张遴信 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(4): 523-528 1 图版 . 

电子显微镜研究显示 ,Gallowayinella 旋壁 

的透明层与 Fusulinella 型 ( 四层式旋壁 ) 的 

透明层在晶粒形状、大小和排列方式方面 

有较大的差异 , 而与 Palaeofusulina 旋壁的超 

微构造特征一致。Gallowayinella 属的分类 

位置应归于古纺锤蜓亚科 (Palaeofusulininae 

M .-Maclay,1963), 时限为晚二叠世吴家坪期 

早期至长兴期早期。G. meitienensis 一种不 

能作为我国长兴阶下部的一个带化石。 

82

2008020281 

中国蛇绿岩带形成时代研究中的两个误区 

= Two mistakes in the study of the formation 

age of the ophiolite belts, China. ( 中文 ). 王玉 

净 ; 舒良树 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(4): 529- 

532 

对中国蛇绿岩带形成时代的研究曾出现 

两个误区 , 第一个误区发生在 70 年代以前 , 

大多数地质学家主要依据混杂堆积中灰岩 

块体中生物化石来确定蛇绿岩带的形成时 

代 , 由于这些大化石所形成的时代一般都要 

比蛇绿岩带的形成时间早 , 它不能代表板块 

碰撞的真正时间 ; 第二个误区发生在 70 年代 

之后 , 广大地质工作者普遍利用放射虫来确 

定蛇绿岩带的形成时代 , 但是 , 在蛇绿岩带中 

有时出现两套放射虫硅质岩 , 一套属于外来 

移置体 , 与洋壳无关 ; 另一套位于枕状玄武岩 

上 , 真正代表洋壳的残余。在以往发表的地 

质文献中 , 大多数作者都没有把放射虫硅质 

岩在蛇绿岩中的位置阐述清楚 , 因此他们提 

供的时代证据依然是存疑的。 

2008020282 

茅口期相对海平面变化对蜓类动物群的影 

响 — 以贵州盘县火铺镇茅口组剖面为例 = 

Impact of relative sea level changes on the 

Maokouan fusulinacean fauna in Panxian, 

Guizhou. ( 中文 ). 刘家润 ; 杨湘宁 ; 施贵军 ; 冯 

洪真 ; 陈云棠 ; 周建平 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(1): 120-125 

分析贵州盘县火铺镇茅口期海平面变化 

的过程和蜓类动物群的变化规律 , 研究相对 

海平面变化对蜓类动物群构成及演替的影 

响。相对海平面的升降变化可引起水深及 

相关生态条件的改变 , 并对蜓类动物群产生 

影响。相对海平面变化的幅度和速率是造 

成蜓类动物群面貌变化的重要因素。三级 

相对海平面上升末期和下降末期 , 海平面的 

大幅度抬升或下降是造成蜓类物种丰度下 

降、新种增加量减少的重要原因 , 海平面的 

持续缓慢上升或下降有利于蜓类物种丰度 

的增加和新种的出现 , 而海平面快速上升或 

下降则是一个不利的因素。茅口期晚期最 

大的一次蜓类物种绝灭高峰可能与这一时 

期三级海平面上升初期的海平面快速抬升 

有关。十米级相对海平面变化较为频繁 , 对 

蜓类背景演化有着重要的影响 , 是导致蜓类 

动物群物种更替的主要原因。 

2008020283 

滇西保山地区丁家寨组生物群的时代 — 兼 

评化石再沉积假说 = On the age of the Dingjiazhai 

Formation of Baoshan block, western 

Yunnan, China —with a discussion on the 

redeposition hypothesis. ( 中文 ). 方宗杰 ; 王玉 

净 ; 石光荣 ; 周志澄 ; 肖荫文 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(2): 267-278 

首次系统描述保山地区丁家寨组的蜓类 

化石 , 详细讨论丁家寨组所产蜓类和腕足类 

动物群及孢粉植物群的时代和性质 , 提出丁 

家寨组的时代应与华南早二叠世的紫松阶 

相当 , 即相当于国际上的 Asselian 阶至 

Sakmarian 阶。确认丁家寨组不存在不同时 

代化石的再沉积混杂或大量化石时代倒置 

的异常现象。丁家寨组出现特提斯型 

Eoparafusulina 动物群 ; 腕足类组合属介于 

西澳区和泰马区之间的过渡动物群 , 西澳区 

的色彩较浓 ; 孢粉组合则属具有一定北方色 

彩的亲澳大利亚孢粉植物群。这些不同来 

源的生物群共同出现在丁家寨组 , 显然与保 

山地块当时在古特提斯中介于南北之间的 

中间位置相关。 

2008020284 

新米斯蜓 (Neomisellina) 旋壁超微构造的研 

究 = Ultrastructures in the spirotheca of Neomisellina 

(fusulinid). ( 中文 ). 周建平 ; 张遴信 ; 

罗辉 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 425-428 1 图 

版 . 

电子显微镜研究表明 , Neomisellina 的旋 

壁由致密层和很厚的蜂巢层组成 , 无内疏松 

层。致密层由近等轴细小晶粒无定向排列 

而成 , 为原生构造 ; 蜂巢层早期由近等轴较 

大晶粒 , 渐渐为粗大的短柱状晶粒替代 , 下 

端由近等轴晶粒与短柱状晶粒混杂规则排 

列而成。 

2008020285 

二叠纪新小纺锤蜓模式种 Neofusulinella 

lantenoisi Deprat,1913 在云南保山的发现 

( 英文 ) = Neofusulinella lantenoisi Deprat, 

1913, type species of the Permian fusulinid 

genus Neofusulinella, from Baoshan County, 

West Yunnan, China. ( 英文 ). 周祖仁 ; 王玉净 ; 

盛金章 ; 朱夔玉 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 

457-465 1 图版 . 

Neofusulinella Deprat,1912 是一个有效 

属 , 但其模式标本遗失 , 最早发表的共模切面 

不正 , 加之手绘图影不清楚 , 长期未能准确地 

把握其属征。除原作者 (Deprat,1913) 首次记 

述的模式种 (N. lantenoisi Deprat Thompson 

,1934,p.292 事后指定 ) 以及 Thompson 和 

83

Foster(1937) 和 Pitakpaivan(1965) 所记述的 

同种外 , 其余的有关鉴定均为误定。另外两 

个被广泛引用的属 , 即 Leella Dunbar et 

Skinner,1937 及 Haoella Gong,1965, 却是真 

正的 Neofusulinella 属 , 为后者的次异名 (junior 

synonym)。Neofusulinella 的系统位置并 

非前人所认为的舒伯特蜓科 

(Schubertellidae) , 而属于纺锤蜓科 

(Fusulinidae) 的史塔夫蜓亚科 (Staffellinae), 

代表该亚科中的进化类型。史塔夫蜓类在 

分布上的排它性及对围岩原岩的选择性 , 亦 

间接表明该亚科系纺锤蜓科在近滨局限海 

域里的一个特化分支。在原地埋葬的情况 

下 , 这一蜓类壳体及其围岩普遍受到发育于 

该海域海底的 " 淡化混合水带 " 的成岩期硅 

化或白云岩化 ( 王尧 ,1990; 沙庆安 ,1990), 因而 

它们的旋壁与内部构造通常被 " 矿化 " 而模 

糊不清 , 甚至造成多样化旋壁的假像 . 

Pitakpaivan(1965) 所记述的 Neofusulinella 

cf. lantenoisi Deprat 采自泰国 Nakhonsawan 

地区 Takli (15°18' N,100°24' E ) 的 Rat Buri 

灰岩 , 其地理位置与大地构造上接近模式标 

本原产地老挝的 Ban-Na-Mat. 泰国标本的保 

存与切面方向优于原来的模式标本 . 该蜓内 

圈明显呈对称的短轴状 , 具发育于隔壁基部 

的列孔 , 而非隔壁孔 , 为 Neofusulinella 的属 

征提供了有意义的补充 . 泰国标本的伴生化 

石被鉴定为 "Sphaerulina" 和 "Ozawainella", 

两者事实上为 Staffella 和 Nankinella. 该伴生 

蜓类显示了 Neofusulinella 与其它史塔夫蜓 

类具有共同的 " 排它 " 性质和彼此之间的亲 

缘关系 . 要明确的是 , 列孔和拟旋脊在史塔夫 

蜓类并非稳定地出现在同一属种中 , 因此该 

构造在这类蜓中不作分类特征 . 

我国云南保山板桥镇金鸡大凹子 

Neofusulinella lantenoisi Deprat 的新模和近 

模材料的采获亦为重要发现 ( 插图 1). 其层 

位为大洼子组下部的白云质灰岩 ( 相当于云 

南省区域地质志所称尖山组下段 ), 伴生者有 

Nankinella 和 Staffella, 时代属茅口期 . 化石与 

围岩均经历白云岩化 , 标本一如大多数史塔 

夫蜓类 , 保存不佳 , 但它们是 Neofusulinella 

属众多化石点中除泰国 Takli 外最接近模式 

标本所在地点者 . 据李春昱等 (1982) 资料 , 云 

南保山与老挝的模式地点及泰国的化石点 

同居他们所划分的东南亚板块的西缘 . 据方 

宗杰 (1994) 分析 , 老挝 Ban-Na-Mat 与云南保 

山在构造上虽然分属不同的次级块体 , 但两 

者之间于茅口期并无大洋分隔 , 可以视为同 

一浅水海域 . 用当前材料来指定新模和补充 

前人对 Neofusulinella 属原始记述的不足是 

合适的 . 

云南保山的新材料表明 , 周祖仁、盛金 

章 (1994) 对 Neofusulinella 的定义所进行的 

厘定是必要的 , 而前人以壳形相近 , 内圈具内 

卷虫式包卷 , 隔壁孔又十分发育而鉴定为 

"Neofusulinella" 的那些茅口期蜓类 , 则应另 

有归属 , 其中的大部分很可能应归于李家骧 

(1986) 所建立的多孔属蜓 (Alviolaria)( 插图 

3a,b). 

2008020286 

底栖有孔虫锂 / 钙比用以洞察新生代海水碳 

酸盐饱和状态 = Benthic foraminiferal Li/Ca: 

Insights into Cenozoic seawater carbonate 

saturation state. ( 英文 ). Lear C H; Rosenthal 

Y. Geology, 2006, 34(11): 985-988 

Benthic foraminiferal Li/Ca decreases 

down a Norwegian Sea holothermal depth 

transect, suggesting that the saturation state of 

seawater with respect to calcium carbonate 

influences foraminiferal Li/Ca. Benthic foraminiferal 

Li/Ca increases by 17% across the 

glaciation event in the early Oligocene, which 

likely reflects the increase in seawater saturation 

state evidenced by the concomitant deepening 

of the calcite compensation depth. Following 

the establishment of the Antarctic ice 

sheet, benthic foraminiferal Li/Ca bears a remarkable 

resemblance to the estimated oxygen 

isotopic composition of seawater, suggesting 

that during this time seawater saturation was 

largely controlled by glacioeustatically driven 

changes in shallow-water carbonate accumulation 

rates. 

2008020287 

云南墨江下密地早二叠世常么期含蜓地层 

及蜓化石带 = Early Permian fusulinidbearing 

strata and fusulinid zones at Xiamidi, 

Mejiang, Yunnan. ( 中文 ). 周铁明 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(4): 521-532 3 图版 . 

简要介绍云南墨江下密地早二叠世常么 

期含蜓地层 , 对其中蜓类动物群特征作了归 

纳 , 记述 7 属 29 种 , 其中包括 4 新种。依据 

蜓类化石在该剖面中的垂直分布 , 在常么组 

建立 Eoparafusulina gracilis- Eo. mejiangensis 

带和 Chalaroschwagerina vulgaris- 

Chalaroschwagerina pseudovulgaris 带。并 

与国内外相关地层进行简要对比。 

2008020288 

东热带太平洋东部沉积物中个体有孔虫揭 

示的全新世中期厄尔尼诺 - 南方涛动减弱 = 

Mid-Holocene El Niño–Southern Oscillation 

84

(ENSO) attenuation revealed by individual 

foraminifera in eastern tropical Pacific sediments. 

( 英文 ). Koutavas A; deMenocal P B; 

Olive G C; Lynch-Stieglitz J. Geology, 2006, 

34(12): 993-996 

Holocene reconstructions of the El Niño– 

Southern Oscillation (ENSO) provide valuable 

perspective on its recent evolution and can be 

important for assessing its future. Optimal assessment 

of past ENSO variability requires 

observations from its center of action in the 

eastern equatorial Pacific, but these are limited 

due to paucity of high-resolution paleoceanographic 

archives (e.g., corals). Here we use a 

new approach to quantify past ENSO variance 

based on the oxygen isotopic composition 

( 18 O) of individual foraminifera (Globigerinoides 

ruber) from deep-sea sediments in the 

ENSO source region. Individual G. ruber foraminifera 

behave as monthly recorders of 

sea-surface conditions, including ENSO extremes, 

circumventing the lack of annual resolution 

in the sediments. Intrapopulation 18 O 

distributions derived with this method from a 

core near the Galapagos Islands reveal mid- 

Holocene reductions in variance of 50%, requiring 

drastic attenuation of the ENSO amplitude. 

Furthermore, Mg/Ca thermometry indicates 

that mid- Holocene background conditions 

were accompanied by a stronger zonal 

temperature gradient that coincided with a 

northward- displaced Intertropical Convergence 

Zone (ITCZ). The results suggest that 

the position of the ITCZ is an important factor 

in the low-frequency modulation of ENSO and 

could influence its future evolution. 

2008020289 

中新世早期双列浮游有孔虫之谜 = The 

enigma of early Miocene biserial planktic foraminifera. 

( 英文 ). Smart C W; Thomas E. 

Geology, 2006, 34(12): 1041-1044 

Small biserial foraminifera were abundant 

in the early Miocene (ca. 18.9–17.2 Ma) 

in the eastern Atlantic and western Indian 

Oceans, but absent in the western equatorial 

Atlantic Ocean, Weddell Sea, eastern Indian 

Ocean, and equatorial Pacific Ocean. They 

have been assigned to the benthic genus Bolivina, 

but their high abundances in sediments 

without evidence for dysoxia could not be explained. 

Apertural morphology, accumulation 

rates, and isotopic composition show that they 

were planktic (genus Streptochilus). Living 

Streptochilus are common in productive waters 

with intermittent upwelling. The widespread 

early Miocene high Streptochilus 

abundances may reflect vigorous but intermittent 

upwelling, inducing high phytoplankton 

growth rates. However, export production (estimated 

from benthic foraminiferal accumulation 

rates) was low, possibly due to high regeneration 

rates in a deep thermocline. The 

upwelled waters may have been an analog to 

Subantarctic Mode Waters, carrying nutrients 

into the eastern Atlantic and western Indian 

Oceans as the result of the initiation of a deepreaching 

Antarctic Circumpolar Current, active 

Agulhas Leakage, and vigorous vertical 

mixing in the Southern Oceans. 

2008020290 

南海北部 191PC 柱样沉积物中浮游有孔虫 

特征及其古环境意义 = Planktonic foraminifera 

in core 191PC from the northern 

South China Sea and their paleoenvironmental 

significance. ( 中文 ). 范维佳 ; 陈荣华 ; 赵泉鸿 ; 

高水土 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(3): 233- 

241 

通过对在南海北部陆坡采取的 191PC 柱 

状样进行氧碳同位素测试、碳酸钙含量分 

析以及浮游有孔虫丰度和组合分析 , 初步划 

分了 191PC 柱状样的地层 , 并据此讨论了末 

次冰期以来浮游有孔虫丰度和组合的变化 , 

并利用两种浮游有孔虫古生态转换函数再 

造了末次冰期以来的表层海水古温度和上 

层水体结构的变化 , 且由此反映出南海北部 

末次冰期以来季风演化的趋势。研究表明 , 

该柱状样底部达到氧同位素 III 期 ; 末次盛冰 

期到冰后期 , 南海北部冬季表层海水温度上 

升 5.7—5.8 ℃ , 夏季温度上升 1.4 ℃ , 温跃层总 

体呈变深的趋势 , 冬季混合层深度变浅 , 而夏 

季混合层深度变深 , 同时 , 表层海水垂直温差 

的变化也可能反映了由末次冰期到冰后期 , 

南海北部具有冬季风减弱而夏季风加强的 

趋势。 

2008020291 

中国西南地区古生代放射虫硅岩地层 — 一 

个潜在的油气勘探目标 = Paleozoic radiolarian 

cherty strata of Southwestern China——a 

potential target in oil and gas exploration. ( 中 

文 ). 王玉净 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(3): 

243-246 

古生代放射虫硅岩地层中富含浮游相的 

微体生物化石 , 这些化石中的脂类物质和有 

机质在地层中往往形成海相烃源岩而富含 

油气资源。这类地层的油田已在北极加拿 

大、美国、澳大利亚和俄罗斯等地发现 , 特 

别是俄罗斯的 Domanik 层 ( 上泥盆统 ) 是目 

前正在开采的世界上最有名的顶级大油 

85

田。我国西南地区的云南、贵州和广西等 

省区有与世界级大油田相似的古生代放射 

虫硅岩地层 , 但在过去的勘探中这类地层从 

未列入勘探目标 , 我们相信 , 在不久的将来 , 这 

类地层将成为一个潜在的油气勘探目标。 

2008020292 

古生代有孔虫实体化石研究方法 = Preparation 

methods of free specimens of Paleozoic 

foraminifera. ( 中文 ). 顾松竹 ; 冯庆来 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2007, 24(3): 302-308 

古生代有孔虫大部分是通过切片进行研 

究的 , 但是普通的切片法很难得到非常好的 

定向标本 , 这就产生了很多同物异名 , 限制了 

有孔虫在古生代生物地层学、古生态学和 

古海洋学中的应用。另外由于口孔的内部 

和外部特征在分类学中的地位越来越重要 , 

所以通过实体化石来研究古生代有孔虫理 

应受到更多的重视。本文论证了在古生代 

地层中获得实体化石的可能性 , 对化石提取 

的实验步骤进行了系统总结 , 细述了对实体 

化石进行扫描电镜和切片研究的全过程 , 并 

根据笔者的经验 , 对一些技术细节及注意事 

项进行了详细介绍。本文最后建议 , 古生代 

的有孔虫研究应该尽可能地利用实体化石 

来进行。 

2008020293 

珠江三角洲晚第四纪环境演变的微体生物 

记录 = Late Quaternary microfaunas and paleoenvironmental 

changes recorded in core 

sediments of the Pearl River Delta, South 

China. ( 英文 ). 董艺辛 ; 刘春莲 ; 阴家润 ; 杨小 

强 ;Franz T Fursich; 高芳蕾 . 古脊椎动物学 

报 , 2007, 45(2): 161-172 

珠江三角洲是主要由西江、北江和东 

江在珠江口湾内堆积而成的复合三角洲 , 自 

晚更新世开始形成 . 微体生物是珠江河口三 

角洲晚第四纪沉积记录中的重要组分 , 是重 

建第四纪环境变化极为有效的指标 . 本文样 

品取自 PD 孔岩心 , 钻孔位于珠江三角洲中 

部 (113°28′35″E,22°53′41″N), 孔深 16.7 m. 代 

表约 25 100 年以来的沉积 .PD 孔中见有孔 

虫 6 属 10 种 , 其中以 Ammonia beccarii 为优 

势种 . 根据地层分布特征 , 可识别 3 个有孔虫 

层位 . 介形类共 7 属 9 种 , 丰度较低 , 以 

Sinocytheridea impressa 和 Neomonoceratina 

delicata 为代表 , 在 5 个层位相对富集 . 根据 

微体生物分布特征 , 并结合有机碳、氮以及 

磁化率数据 ,PD 孔晚第四纪沉积可划分为 6 

个沉积环境阶段 . 

A. 三角洲前缘阶段 (-16.7~-13.5 m;25 

100~24 000 aB.P.): 岩性为粗砂、砂至砂质 

粉砂 . 主要含 Ammonia 属的 4 个种 (A. beccarii、A. 

sp.、A. tepida、A. annectens), 丰度 

均较低 , 其中 Ammonia beccarii 为优势种 . 不 

见适应于正常浅海的 Elphidium 属 . 介形类 

以滨岸类型 Sinocytheridea impressa 为主 . 出 

现少量双壳类 . 代表河口附近水深 10 m 以内 

软泥底质、受河流影响大、水体动荡的半 

咸水环境 . 有机碳含量和磁化率较低 , 同样指 

示低海平面时期的沉积 . 

B. 河口湾阶段 (-13.5~-10.6 m;24 000~22 

400 aB.P.): 岩性为粘土质粉砂至粘土 . 前一 

阶段出现的 Ammonia 4 个种的丰度比较高 , 

且出现浅海底栖分子 Elphidium advenum 和 

E. hispidulum, 以及浮游有孔虫分子 

Globigerinoids sp.. 介形类出现 

Bicornucythere leizhouensis、B. bisanensis、 

Alocopocythere goujoni、Pistocythereis bradyformis 

等适应水深较大的分子 , 而滨岸浅 

水分子较少 . 有机碳含量和磁化率相对升高 . 

代表海平面相对较高时期的沉积 . 

C. 三角洲平原阶段 (-10.6 ~ -9.2 m;22 

400~21 700 aB.P.): 底部为一薄层花斑状风 

化粘土 , 表明曾短期露出水面 . 向上变为富含 

有机质的深灰色粉砂质粘土 . 不含微体生物 

和双壳类 , 反映不稳定的环境条件 . 由于海平 

面降低 , 磁化率表现为持续低值 . 有机碳和 

C/N 比值很高 , 表明有丰富的陆源有机质输 

入 , 海洋影响较小 . 

D. 陆地风化阶段 (-9.2~-7.4 m;21 700~3 

700 aB. P.): 岩性为 1.6 m 厚的杂色粘土 , 不含 

任何生物化石 , 有机碳含量极低 , 是长期强烈 

风化作用的产物 , 对应于末次冰盛期 . 

E. 潮坪沉积阶段 (-7.4~-2.5 m;3 700~2 

600 aB.P.): 互层状深灰色粉砂质粘土、灰色 

粉砂和细砂 , 含广盐性有孔虫 Ammonia beccare 

和 Arenoparrella asiatic, 以及少量介形 

类 , 如 Sinocytheridea impressa. 典型的半咸水 

双壳类 Potamocorbula amurensis 较为丰富 , 

另外还见藤壶和虫管碎片 , 指示盐度频繁波 

动的潮间带环境 . 

F. 上三角洲平原阶段 (2 600 aB.P. 以来 ): 未 

见任何有孔虫和双壳类 , 顶部见少量陆相介 

形类 Cypria yanchengensis, 磁化率变化频 

繁 ,C/N 比值较高 , 表明陆相影响不断增强 , 且 

环境条件不稳定 . 研究区晚第四纪古环境的 

演化是由海平面升降变化控制的 . 上述沉积 

环境变化序列表现出两次海进一海退旋回 , 

分别对应阶段 A 至阶段 D 和阶段 E 至阶段 

86

F, 相应于晚更新世和全新世的两次海平面 

上升事件 . 

2008020294 

古新世 - 始新世气候适宜期大有孔虫的更替 

及古气候对台地生态系统演化的控制作用 

= Turnover of larger foraminifera during the 

Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum and 

paleoclimatic control on the evolution of platform 

ecosystems. ( 英文 ). Scheibner C; Speijer 

R P; Marzouk A M. Geology, 2005, 33(6): 

493-496 

The larger-foraminifera turnover (LFT) 

during the Paleocene-Eocene transition constitutes 

an important step in Paleogene largerforaminifera 

evolution, involving a rapid increase 

in species diversity, shell size, and adult 

dimorphism. A platform-to-basin transect in 

Egypt provides new data on timing and causal 

mechanisms through correlation with planktic 

biozonations and through integration with regional 

paleoenvironmental data. The LFT coincides 

with the boundary between shallow 

benthic biozones SBZ4 and SBZ5 and closely 

correlates with the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal 

Maximum (PETM). Enhanced oligotrophy 

from the late Paleocene onward favored the 

diversification of K-strategist larger foraminifera. 

We suggest that a short-term eutrophication 

during the PETM led to a temporary 

decline of extreme K-strategist largerforaminifera 

species, providing opportunities 

for new taxa with different ecological strategies 

to develop. During post-PETM oligotrophic 

conditions, these new taxa were able to 

evolve rapidly and soon dominated early Eocene 

larger-foraminifera assemblages, 

whereas many Paleocene taxa gradually disappeared. 

The success of larger foraminifera 

during the early Paleogene appears climatically 

controlled. Because of the vulnerability 

of corals to high surface-water temperatures, 

the late Paleocene to early Eocene global 

warming may have favored larger foraminifera 

at the expense of corals as the main carbonateproducing 

component on carbonate platforms 

at lower latitudes. 

2008020295 

西藏尼玛北部图北湖一带硅质岩中发现中 

三叠世放射虫化石 = Discovery of Middle 

Triassic radiolarian fossils in cherts in the vicinity 

of the Tubei Lake, northern Nyima, Tibet, 

China. ( 中文 ). 唐专红 ; 陆济璞 ; 李玉坤 ; 张 

能 ; 黄位鸿 ; 唐娟红 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(1): 

73-76 

在龙木错 - 双湖缝合带之北图北湖一带的 

一套浅变质劈理化石英砂岩、粉砂质泥 

岩、( 含砾 ) 长石岩屑杂砂岩夹硅质岩、 

安山岩、含砾基性岩屑凝灰岩、安山质岩 

屑凝灰岩、玄武岩等组合中发现中三叠世 

拉丁期放射虫动物群 Sepsagon robustum 

Lahm , Triassocampe cf. coronata , T. cf. 

levigata,Pararuesticyrtium cf.trattoense, 

Hindeosphaera spinulosa。放射虫化石的发 

现对北羌塘地区三叠纪地层的划分对比和 

地质构造发展演化的研究具有重要意义。 

2008020296 

准噶尔盆地东北缘卡姆斯特地区下侏罗统 

中的放射虫硅质岩砾石及其放射虫动物群 

= Pebbles in radiolarian cherts from the Lower 

Jurassic in the Kamusite area at the northeastern 

margin of the Junggar basin, Xinjiang, 

China and the radiolarian fauna therein. ( 中 

文 ). 杨品荣 ; 顾松竹 ; 朱宗敏 ; 林文娇 ; 冯庆来 . 

地质通报 , 2007, 26(4): 472-475 

克拉麦里造山带位于准噶尔盆地东北缘 , 

是中亚构造框架中一个非常重要的构造单 

元 , 研究工作较多 , 但对其演化历史一直存在 

不同认识。本文报道了阿勒泰卡姆斯特地 

区下侏罗统三工河组中的紫红色放射虫硅 

质岩砾石及其放射虫动物群 , 其中最新的放 

射虫化石年代为维宪早期 , 据此推论克拉麦 

里洋盆封闭于早石炭世晚期 , 克拉麦里造山 

带在侏罗纪早期发生快速隆升。 

2008020297 

有孔虫生物矿化作用过程观察新结果及壳 

体镁 / 钙比值的意义 = Novel observations on 

biomineralization processes in foraminifera 

and implications for Mg/Ca ratio in the shells. 

( 英文 ). Bentov S; Erez J. Geology, 2005, 

33(9): 841-844 

Stable isotopes and trace elements in foraminifera 

shells are important for determining 

the paleochemistry of the ocean, and Mg/Ca 

ratios and 18 O values in foraminifera have recently 

been used to determine simultaneously 

the temperature and salinity of past oceans. 

However, large variations between species 

and significant Mg intra-shell heterogeneity 

indicate a major role for biological factors in 

determining the Mg/Ca ratio in foraminifera. 

Our novel in vivo observations on the biomineralization 

process of perforate foraminifera 

show that their calcareous wall is composed of 

two different calcite types: a thin, high-Mg 

primary layer, and low-Mg layers that cover 

the primary layer on both sides. The data may 

87

suggest that two biomineralization pathways 

are employed in the formation of the different 

calcite types. A new conceptual framework is 

provided to explain part of the Mg heterogeneity 

in foraminiferal shells and the variable sensitivity 

of the Mg/Ca ratio to temperature in 

different species. 

2008020298 

阿根廷卡罗拉多盆地全新世钻孔底栖有孔 

虫 = Benthic foraminifers of a holocene core 

from the Colorado Basin, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Bernascon E; Cusminsky G. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 271-278 

Fifty species of benthic foraminifera from a 

core of the Argentine Continental Shelf were 

identified. Elphidium discoidale (d'Orbigny), 

Buccella peruviana campsi (Boltovskoy), 

Quinqueloculina patagonica d'Orbigny and 

Quinqueloculina seminula (Linne) were the 

dominant species. The association is characteristic 

of inner shelf environments. Qualitative 

and quantitative analyses allow the recognition 

of a lower zone with an assemblage 

typical of restricted environments, and an upper 

zone which, according to foraminifers, 

reflects a change towards normal marine conditions. 

The core was deposited during the 

post last glacial maximum transgression, 

about 10.000 yr B.P. 

2008020299 

阿根廷火地岛南方盆地古近纪放射虫 = 

Paleogene radiolarias from Austral Basin, 

Tierra del Fuego Island, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Jannou G. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 447-466 

Two radiolarian assemblages, one from the 

type locality of the Punta Noguera Formation 

(near punta Noguera) and the other from the 

Punta Torcida Formation (cabo Campo del 

Medio area), both on the Atlantic coast Tierra 

del Fuego Island, are described and illustrated. 

The Punta Noguera Formation has been assigned 

to the Upper Paleocene/lowest Eocene 

based on its dinocysts and planktonic foraminifers. 

The occurrence of the index radiolarians 

Buryella tetradrica Foreman, Amphishaera 

coronata s.l. (Ehrenberg), Amphishaera 

goruna (Sanfilippo and Riedel), 

Mita regina (Campbell and Clark), Theocapsomma 

erdnussa (Empson-Morin), the abundance 

of Amphipyndax stocki (Campbell and 

Clark) and archaeodictyomitrids, and the first 

appearance of the Microsciadiocapsa? sp. allow 

us to correlate it with the upper part of the 

Buryella tetradita Zone of New Zealand, early 

Late Paleocene in age. The Punta Torcida 

Formation, considered Early Eocene in age on 

the basis of its planktonic foraminifers, shares 

with the Punta Noguera Formation, mostly the 

same radiolarian species excepting a small 

number of actinomids and the absence of Microsciadiocapsa? 

sp. Both assemblages may 

be reworked. 

2008020300 

阿根廷有孔虫目轮虫亚目 Coleites genre 

Plummer = The Coleites genre Plummer (Rotaliina, 

Foraminiferida) in Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Carames A; Nanez C. Ameghiniana, 2007, 

44(2): 499-505 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 

2008020301 

古代礁群落的大规模产卵 : 晚古生代叶状 

藻的证据 = Mass spawning in ancient reef 

communities: Evidence from Late Paleozoic 

phylloid algae. ( 英文 ). Forsythe G T W; 

Wood R; Dickson J A D. Palaios, 2002, 17(6): 

615–621 

Although reefs often are expressed as single 

structures in the geological record, they are in 

fact composites of many superimposed communities. 

Therefore, an understanding of the 

processes of reef formation is largely dependent 

upon description of the life cycle of the 

dominant reef-building organisms. Modern 

reef corals commonly show synchronous 

gamete release (mass spawning) but, to date, 

such a phenomenon has not been reported 

from the fossil record. The first example of 

where the life cycle and reproductive ecology 

of an ancient reef-builder can be tentatively 

reconstructed is presented herein. Exceptionally 

preserved specimens of the widespread 

Late Paleozoic phylloid alga Eugonophyllum 

(Family Halimedaceae, Order Bryopsidales, 

Division Chlorophyta) allow the recognition 

of simultaneously ruptured reproductive structures. 

This may offer evidence for the synchronous 

release of gametes. In some modern 

bryopsidaleans, such as Halimeda and Udotea, 

synchronous reproduction is followed frequently 

by mass mortality of the community. 

It is speculated that phylloid algal reefs may 

be understood as having formed by the density-dependent 

recruitment of many selfseeded 

generations, which produced shortlived 

populations that reached reproductive 

maturity after six months to two years, but 

then suffered mass mortality on spawning the 

next generation. Those algae that formed a 

reef framework, as opposed to a bioclastic bed, 

88

were associated with an encrusting medium, 

most commonly microbialite. Recognition of 

such a life cycle may offer important insights 

into the expression of such reefs in the geological 

record that often are dominated by 

sheets of densely-packed, fragmentary material. 

2008020302 

珊瑚微生物礁的营养模式 ( 侏罗纪 , 牛津 

期 , 瑞士 ): 营养结构对环境变化的响应 

演化 = Nutritional modes in coral— 

microbialite reefs (Jurassic, Oxfordian, Switzerland): 

Evolution of trophic structure as a 

response to environmental change. ( 英文 ). 

Dupraz C; Strasser A. Palaios, 2002, 17(5): 

449–471 

Detailed study of Oxfordian coralmicrobialite 

reefs in the Swiss Jura Mountains 

has identified major paleoecological variations 

in space and time, which are attributed to environmental 

changes. Micro- and macroscale 

semi-quantitative analyses of microbialite 

types, micro-encrusters, bioerosion, corals, 

and other macrofauna composing the reefal 

facies were performed. Three main trophic 

structures (dominant nutritional modes) were 

recognized: phototrophic-dominated, balanced 

photo-heterotrophic, and heterotrophicdominated. 

A phototrophic (light-dependant) 

fauna dominated reefs growing in pure carbonate 

and nutrient- poor environments, 

where sedimentation rate was the main factor 

controlling reef growth. In mixed siliciclasticcarbonate 

platform environments, a balanced 

photo-heterotrophic fauna with periodical 

shifts to heterotrophic-dominated associations 

was induced by freshwater and sediment runoff 

into closed, shallow lagoons. In this case, 

the main factors controlling reef growth were 

the distribution and accumulation of terrigenous 

sediment on the platform and/or associated 

nutrient availability. The balanced 

photo-heterotrophic structure found in mixed 

carbonate-siliciclastic settings produced the 

most diversified reefs, suggesting that these 

Oxfordian reefs preferentially thrived in water 

moderately charged with nutrients (mesotrophic 

environment). In the case of strong siliciclastic 

accumulation and/or strong increase in 

nutrient availability, coral reef diversity 

dropped drastically and heterotrophs dominated 

the trophic structure. A model of the 

evolution of trophic structure in these reefs as 

a function of the governing environmental 

factors is proposed. Focusing on the dominant 

nutritional mode at each step in reef evolution 

allows a detailed characterization of reefal 

structure and a better understanding of the 

processes leading to coral reef settlement, development, 

and demise. 

2008020303 

内华达州西南埃斯梅拉达县早寒武世珊瑚 

的一个新属 = A new genus of Early Cambrian 

coral in Esmeralda county, southwestern 

Nevada. ( 英文 ). Hicks M. Journal of Paleontology, 

2006, 80(4): 609-615 3 图版 . 

Numerous Early Cambrian corals or 

"coralomorphs," as they are often classified, 

are recorded from North America, Australia, 

and Siberia. A new Early Cambrian coral, 

Harklessia yuenglingensis n. gen. and sp., is 

found in conjunction with archaeocyathanmicrobial 

reefs in Esmeralda County, southwestern 

Nevada. The coral-bearing reefs are 

within quartzic, trilobite-rich packstone beds 

in the upper portion of the Harkless Formation 

(Bonnia–Olenellus Zone). Coralla are constructed 

by subpolygonal to polygonal, cerioid, 

close-packed corallite tubes. Coralla average 

12 cm in height by 18 cm in diameter with 

individual corallite tubes ranging from 1.2 to 

3.2 mm in diameter. Corallites are greater than 

25 mm in length. Septa and tabulae are not 

present. 

Many of the Early Cambrian corals previously 

described have attributes of the class 

Anthozoa and subclass Zoantharia, with some 

specific similarities to tabulate corals. 

Harklessia yuenglingensis is placed confidently 

within the class Anthozoa, subclass 

Zoantharia because its morphological characteristics 

indicate an affinity to true corals, but 

whether H. yuenglingensis is a tabulate coral 

2008020304 

内华达州泥盆纪海绵 entobia 的钻孔和 

topsentopsis 属的修订 = Devonian Entobia 

borings from Nevada, with a revision of Topsentopsis. 

( 英文 ). Tapanila L. Journal of Paleontology, 

2006, 80(4): 760-767 2 图版 . 

Entobia, a sponge boring commonly consisting 

of interconnected chambers and galleries 

(i.e., it is camerate), is a dominant agent of 

bioerosion in Mesozoic and Cenozoic marine 

carbonates. A similar camerate boring, Topsentopsis 

devonica, is widely recognized from 

the Devonian, and its classification is reappraised 

here. This paper synonymizes Topsentopsis 

with the senior synonym Entobia, making 

E. devonica n. comb. the oldest representative 

of the ichnogenus. New specimens of E. 

89

devonica borings in stromatoporoids and 

megalodont bivalves are described from the 

Frasnian Guilmette Formation of Nevada, 

which includes breccias of the Alamo Bolide 

Impact. The borings occur in skeletal substrates 

both within and above the impact event 

breccias, demonstrating their existence prior 

to the impact and their survival of the catastrophic 

event. The Nevada discovery extends 

the geographic distribution of the oldest Entobia 

to include the western and midcontinental 

United States, western Canada, and eastern 

Europe. E. devonica was an important bioerosive 

agent during the Givetian–Frasnian, but it 

is unknown following the Frasnian– 

Famennian mass extinction. 

2008020305 

加拿大马尼托巴湖南上奥陶统床板珊瑚镣 

珊瑚属的形态特征 = Morphometrics of Catenipora(Tabulata;Upper 

Ordovician;southern 

Manitoba,Canada). ( 英文 ). Bae B-Y; Elias R J. 

Journal of Paleontology, 2006, 80(5): 889- 

901 1 图版 . 

Multivariate analytical methods, which 

have been used effectively in work on scleractinian 

corals, were applied to tabulate corals. 

The study involved discrimination and characterization 

of closely related species of Catenipora 

from the Selkirk Member, Red River 

Formation, in Manitoba. Ten morphological 

characters measured in transverse sections of 

37 coralla were tested to perform cluster 

analyses. Results of correlation analysis and 

principal component analysis indicated that 

five of the characters would be suitable: tabularium 

area, corallite length, corallite width, 

tabularium length, and tabularium width. 

A cluster analysis was performed on the 

raw data matrix coordinated with 37 coralla by 

the five selected morphological characters. 

The characters were standardized to mean 0 

and variance 1, and squared Euclidean distances 

among the coralla were calculated. The 

unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic 

average was also employed for clustering 

the coralla. Four morphospecies were consequently 

extracted from the dendrogram, which 

was based on the variation of the five morphological 

characters, and were confirmed by two 

types of discriminant analysis. Morphospecies 

A, B, and D have distinctive ranges in variation 

of all characters except corallite length. 

Morphospecies C appears to be an intermediate 

form, in which the ranges of variation of 

all five morphological characters partially 

overlap with those of morphospecies A and/or 

B. 

Another cluster analysis, including eight 

type specimens of Ordovician species previously 

reported from Manitoba, was performed 

on the data matrix coordinated with 45 coralla 

by the five morphological characters. Based 

on this analysis and morphological comparisons, 

morphospecies A–C are identified as C. 

rubra Sinclair and Bolton in Sinclair, 1955, C. 

foerstei Nelson, 1963, and C. robusta (Wilson, 

1926) of Nelson, 1963 (=C. cf. robusta herein), 

respectively. Morphospecies D is equated with 

both C. agglomeratiformis (Whitfield, 1900) 

of Nelson, 1963 and C. aequabilis (Teichert, 

1937) of Nelson, 1963 (=C. cf. agglomeratiformis 

herein). The result of cluster analysis 

based on the five selected morphological 

characters demonstrates efficiency in distinguishing 

closely related species of Catenipora 

from southern Manitoba. The same procedure 

should also be applicable to other cateniform 

corals. 

2008020306 

上寒武统海绵 Anthaspidellid 科 

Wilbernicyathus donegani wilson, 1950 的 

新类型和重新描述 = Neotype and redescription 

of the Upper Cambrian Anthaspidellid 

sponge,Wilbernicyathus donegani wilson, 

1950. ( 英文 ). Johns R A; Dattilo B F. Journal 

of Paleontology, 2007, 81(3): 435-444 2 图版 . 

The Upper Cambrian sponge Wilbernicyathus 

donegani Wilson, 1950 was originally 

described as an archaeocyath. The original 

specimens were lost. Later, based on the 

original description and figures, this species 

was interpreted as an orchocladine lithistid, 

but family-level taxonomy has not been clear. 

A neotype is designated to help stabilize the 

taxonomy of this species. A redescription 

based on the neotype and other new material 

from the area of the type locality and elsewhere 

demonstrates that this species is an orchocladine 

lithistid sponge belonging to the 

family Anthaspidellidae. It has a regular skeleton 

consisting of dendroclones and trabs arranged 

in a ladderlike net, and radial canals 

are well organized. The species occurs within 

sponge-microbial and stromatolitic reefs in the 

Wilberns Formation of central Texas and possibly 

the Clinetop Bed of the Dotsero Formation 

of Colorado. Stratigraphically, it ranges 

from the Idahoia to the Saukia trilobite zones 

of the Upper Cambrian Ptychaspid Biomere. 

Ecologically, Wilbernicyathus Wilson, 1950 

occupies a reefal niche and constitutes up to 

90

30% of the reef volume. These Late Cambrian 

bioherms represent the initial Laurentian expansion 

in the sponge-microbial buildups that 

dominated reef environments worldwide during 

the Early Ordovician. 

2008020307 

更新世 Montastraea"annularis" 种群中一 

新的灭绝的造礁珊瑚 = A new, extinct Pleistocene 

reef coral from the Montastraea"annularis" 

species complex. ( 英文 ). 

Pandolfi J M. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(3): 472-482 5 图版 . 

A new species of the Montastraea "annularis" 

species complex is herein described 

from Pleistocene coral reefs of the Caribbean 

Sea. The species, Montastraea nancyi n. sp., 

had a broad geographic distribution at mainly 

insular sites 125 Ka. It has a fossil record extending 

from >600 Ka (thousand years) to 82 

Ka, both first and last occurrences exclusively 

on the island of Barbados. It also had a broad 

environmental tolerance, occurring in fringing, 

windward back-reef and reef-crest, leeward 

reef-crest, and lagoonal patch-reef environments. 

In every habitat in which it lived, there 

are examples that it either dominated the coral 

fauna or shared dominance with Acropora 

palmata, a dominant shallow water coral in 

high-energy Pleistocene and modern reefs. 

The extinction of Montastraea nancyi resulted 

in evolutionary and ecological change in surviving 

members of the M. "annularis" species 

complex. 

2008020308 

阿根廷前安第斯山脉中奥陶统达瑞威尔阶 

最古老的新德普通海绵 - 三射网状骨针的 

演化意义 = The oldest hindiid demosponge 

from the Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician)of 

the Argentine Precordillera: evolutionary implications 

for the tricranocladines. ( 英文 ). 

Carrera M G. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(4): 754-759 2 图版 . 

The tricranocladine sponges (now assigned 

to the suborder Eutaxicladina) are a 

conservative group consisting of the single 

family Hindiidae. The genus Hindia Duncan is 

considered the base of the tricranoclad evolutionary 

record. A new sponge discovered from 

the Ordovician limestones of the San Juan 

Formation in the Argentine Precordillera allows 

a reexamination of the Hindiid lineage 

and extends the early history of the tricranocladines 

back to the Darriwilian. Eoscheiella 

concava n. gen. and sp. is described and illustrated. 

It is known from a single chertified, 

spherical specimen with a central hollow core, 

a typical character found in several genera of 

the family. Tricranoclads, megarhizoclones, 

and radial monaxonic spicules are the main 

skeletal components of the new genus. The 

presence of a band of subparalell tangential 

monaxons on the surface of Eoscheiella can 

be related to an inferred, small, root tuft that 

attached the spherical sponge to the substrate. 

The discovery of Eoscheiella modifies the 

evolutionary view of the family, for it is the 

oldest genus now known with simple dipodal 

and tripodal tricranoclads without a 

brachyome, radial monaxons, and megarhizoclones. 

Eoscheiella displaces the genus Hindia 

from the base of tricranocladine evolutionary 

history. Variability in spicule form, arrangement, 

and clasping possibilities observed in 

Permian representatives are clearly more accentuated 

in the Ordovician Eoscheiella. All 

these features appeared earlier than expected 

in previously proposed evolutionary trends. 

2008020309 

陕西镇巴早寒武世海绵骨针化石 = Early 

Cambrian sponge spicule fossils from Zhenba 

county,southern Shaanxi Province. ( 中文 ). 赵 

鑫 ; 李国祥 . 微体古生物学报 , 2006, 23(3): 

281-294 2 图版 . 

作者对采自陕西省镇巴县下寒武统西蒿 

坪段和水井沱组下部碳酸盐岩地层的海绵 

骨针化石进行了研究。三叶虫及小壳化石 

的生物地层学资料表明西蒿坪段和水井沱 

组下段属于筇竹寺阶。化石经室内醋酸浸 

泡处理后获得 , 骨针化石保存较好、类型多 

样 , 其中属于六射海绵纲的骨针 3 类 , 普通海 

绵纲的骨针 6 类 , 分类未定的骨针 1 类 

(Nabaviella sp.); 并详细地对各类骨针化石进 

行了描述。虽然普通海绵骨针类型多样 , 但 

六射海绵的骨针丰度远高于普通海绵。简 

要地探讨了海绵骨针的保存方式 , 对比和分 

析了西蒿坪段和水井沱组海绵骨针化石组 

成的差异。结合同时代产自皖南荷塘组和 

云南澄江动物群中特异保存的海绵软躯体 

化石资料 , 认为虽然海绵动物起源于新元古 

代末期 , 但躯体海绵化石和骨针化石都显示 

海绵动物的大辐射事件发生在早寒武世筇 

竹寺期。 

2008020310 

“ 江南古陆 ” 东段上溪群变质岩中水母化石 

的发现 = Discovery of the medusae fossil 

from the metamorphic rock of the Shangxi 

91

Group in the east segment of the "Jiangnan 

Old Land", China. ( 中文 ). 陈冠宝 ; 杨清和 ; 徐 

树桐 ; 刘贻灿 ; 胡远超 ; 周栗 . 地质通报 , 2006, 

25(8): 995-996 

最近 , 笔者在上溪群中发现了水母化 

石。该水母化石在区内是首次发现 , 其结 

构、构造的保存也是国内外所见水母类化 

石中所罕见的。这是在上溪群中发现虫牙 

类 (scolecodnts) 化石之后的又一重大发现。 

这些化石的发现 , 不仅说明在上溪群变质 

岩中的弱变形区可以寻找到保存较好的古 

生物化石 , 而且能够证明上溪群中至少有 

一部分不是中元古代而是早古生代的地 

层。 

2008020311 

扬子区奥陶纪、志留纪四射珊瑚分类、生 

物地层与生物古地理新认识 = Recognition 

of the classification, biostratigraphy and biogeography 

of the Ordovician and Silurian 

rugose corals in the Yangtze Region. ( 中文 ). 

何心一 ; 陈建强 . 地学前缘 , 2006, 13(6): 145- 

152 

对扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚 

已发表的属种进行全面清理和厘定。现统 

计扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚约 

有 117 个属 , 其中以晚奥陶世和早志留世珊 

瑚属数最多。117 个属中至少有 30 个属最 

早出现在扬子区中、晚奥陶世和早志留世 

地层。因此 , 扬子区被认为是奥陶纪、志留 

纪四射珊瑚起源中心之一。完善和修订扬 

子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚组合序 

列 , 使地层时代划分上均与国际通行标准 

( 统、阶 ) 接轨。尤其对扬子区早志留世 

Rhuddanian 晚期 ,Aeronian 早、晚期以及 

Telychian 早、晚期四射珊瑚组合的重新建 

立和细分。最新资料表明晚奥陶世观音桥 

四射珊瑚动物群不但有更多的北欧同期的 

珊瑚分子 , 而且还产有北美标准属种 

Salvadorea,Brachyelasma subregulare 等说 

明两者也存在一定的联系。扬子区早志留 

世 (Llandovery) 的众多四射珊瑚属均为世界 

广布的 , 但也有许多地方性属 ( 约有 22 个 , 占 

总数的 23·4%)。就珊瑚生物古地理关系 , 它 

与同期的西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦和澳大利 

亚珊瑚群较密切。 

2008020312 

澳大利亚南部弗林德斯山脉早寒武世珊瑚 

礁 = Reef corals from the Lower Cambrian of 

the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. ( 英文 ). 

Fuller M; Jenkins R. Palaeontology, 2007, 

50(4): 961-980 

The Early Cambrian tabulate-like corals 

Flindersipora cancelli sp. nov. and Blinmanipora 

hawkerensis gen. et sp. nov. occur together 

with Flindersipora bowmani Lafuste, 

Moorowipora chamberensis Fuller and Jenkins, 

and Arrowipora fromensis Fuller and 

Jenkins in the Moorowie Formation of the 

eastern Flinders Ranges, South Australia. 

Some of the corals occur in growth position in 

large allochthonous clasts of calcimicrobearchaeocyathan 

boundstones considered to 

have slid as talus from the frontal slope of a 

zoned reef complex into relatively deep water. 

Flindersipora cancelli has some morphological 

characteristics in common with 

F. bowmani, but also has skeletal structures 

that differ; these include generally horizontal 

tabulae that are commonly evenly spaced and 

larger corallites. The skeletal structures of 

Flindersipora and Moorowipora have some 

characteristics in common; however, Blinmanipora 

hawkerensis with its randomly orientated 

tabulae and sparse septa is unlike any 

other Moorowie coral. Flindersipora, Arrowipora 

and Moorowipora show similarities to 

Yaworipora khalfinae Zhuravlev from the upper 

Botomian of the Altai-Sayan Region of 

Siberia. Recent Russian opinion places corals 

showing the general characteristics of those 

described herein within the single order Tabulaconida 

Scrutton, which resembles the later 

Tabulata sensu stricto, but the similarities between 

these divisions may well be iterative. 

Statistical analysis of Flindersipora bowmani 

and F. cancelli based on corallite diameter 

supports the fact that these two taxa are separate 

species, while the analysis of the four 

Moorowie genera, support their assignment as 

separate taxa. 

2008020313 

中国晚二叠世乐平统珊瑚的绝灭模式 = 

Extinction patterns of Late Permian (Lopingian) 

corals in China. ( 英文 ). Wang Xiangdong; 

Wang Xiaojuan. palaeoworld, 2007, 

16(1-3): 31-38 

Recent studies of the Lopingian have resulted 

in establishing the upper and lower 

boundaries of this epoch and associated stratigraphic 

correlations. These studies led to a 

detailed biostratigraphic survey of both the 

micro- and macrofossils in this Late Permian 

sequence. Rugose and tabulate corals are major 

benthic fossils in the Paleozoic and are 

considered sensitive indicators of environ- 

92

mental changes. There was a dramatic extinction 

of these corals at the end of the Permian; 

all the taxa in these two groups disappeared 

below the Permian–Triassic boundary. Using 

the published data and the results of our recent 

studies, the extinction patterns of these Permian 

corals, in China, are summarized. Depending 

on the changes in the depositional 

environments there are four different extinction 

patterns of rugose and tabulate corals at 

the end of the Permian. The general pattern 

from the Middle Permian (Guadalupian) to the 

end of the Permian is the disappearance first 

of massive forms, followed by fasciculate 

forms, and lastly solitary forms. The other 

three patterns differ from this general pattern 

as follows: (1) first fasciculate forms disappear, 

then massive forms, and last small solitary 

corals; (2) massive forms disappear first 

in the middle Changhsingian and fasciculate 

forms persisted until the end of the Changhsingian, 

and there are no small solitary forms; 

and (3) only small solitary corals occur in the 

Lopingian and survived until the end of Permian. 

2008020314 

地中海省中新世珊瑚构造的变化 : 适应与 

环境影响 = Changes in coral-reef structure 

through the Miocene in the Mediterranean 

province: Adaptive versus environmental influence. 

( 英文 ). Pomar L; Hallock P. Geology, 

2007, 35(10): 899-902 

Well-documented Mediterranean examples 

of Miocene carbonate platforms, with 

complete exposures from shallow-water to 

basinal facies, provide evidence for temporal 

changes in reef-building capacity of 

zooxanthellate corals. In pre–late Tortonian 

platforms, small coralgal patches and mounds 

occur from platform top to the toe of slope, but 

they did not build to sea level. In contrast, barrier 

reefs with unequivocal reef-crest structures 

that reached sea level are documented in 

late Tortonian–early Messinian platforms. We 

suggest that a change in both calcification 

rates and bathymetric zonation was the result 

of coevolution of corals and Symbiodinium 

zooxanthellae, coeval to global cooling and, at 

least at a regional scale, a geochemical change 

that supported widespread aragonite precipitation 

through the late Miocene. 

2008020315 

论泥盆纪和布克河珊瑚及其相关属 ( 英文 ) = 

Hebukophyllum Liao and Cai (Devonian 

rugosa) and its related genera. ( 英文 ). 廖卫华 ; 

Francisco Soto. 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 44- 

50 2 图版 . 

和布克河珊瑚 (Hebukophyllum Liao and 

Cai,1987) 产于新疆北部和布克赛尔蒙古族 

自治县上泥盆统洪古勒楞组。该属的特征 

明显 , 描述清楚 , 个体发育各个阶段的图影齐 

全 , 而且在国际学术界已经得到不少珊瑚专 

家的认可 (Weyer ,1994), 但目前仍有一些学 

者主张将它视为 Circellia Ye and Wang 

1983 的同义名 (Yu,1988; Potyand 

Boland,1996;Boland,1997)。经最近对这 2 

属模式标本的进一步深入研究表明 , 虽然 

Hebukophyllum 成年期的特征与 

Circellia,Conilophyllum,Siphonophyllia 等属 

有某些相似之处 , 但其幼年期的隔壁强烈加 

厚并在个体中央形成一个明显的轴管 

(aulos), 明显不同于后 3 属。Hebukophyllum 

明显不属于 caninoid 型珊瑚 ;Circellia 是一 

种隔壁构造十分不发育的小单体珊瑚 , 也不 

属于 caninoid 型珊瑚 ;Conilophyllum Poty 

and Boland ,1996 和 Siphonophyllia Scouler 

MS in McCoy,1844 则属于典型的 caninoid 

型珊瑚。因此 , 上述几个属之间并无密切 

的亲缘关系 , 它们应属于不同的科。 

2008020316 

新疆南天山早泥盆世阿尔皮什麦布拉克组 

床板型珊瑚群及其生物地理意义 = Tabulatomorphic 

corals from the Early Devonian 

Arpishmebulaq Formation and their biogeographic 

significance. ( 中文 ). 邓占球 . 古生 

物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 219-223 

对床板珊瑚化石群的分析表明 , 南天山阿 

尔皮什麦布拉克组的地质时代为早泥盆世 

早期 , 所含珊瑚群与滇西北、西秦岭、内蒙 

古达尔罕茂明安联合旗、吉林二道沟的珊 

瑚群面貌相似 , 明确属于古特提斯生物地理 

区内 ; 而与北天山、准噶尔、北山、大、小 

兴安岭等地区同期地层所产者存在明显差 

异。 

2008020317 

中国泥盆纪珊瑚的生物地理及其群落生态 

= The biogeography and synecology of Devonian 

corals from China. ( 中文 ). 廖卫华 . 古生 

物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 126-135 

中国泥盆纪可识别出 6 个珊瑚生物地理 

区 : 南天山区、古特提斯区、华南区、华北 

北缘区、准噶尔 — 兴安区和保山区。其中 , 

前 4 个区均处于当时赤道两侧的低纬度地 

区 , 属于老世界大区 ; 而后 2 个区则可能分别 

位于北温带和南温带区域内 , 不在老世界大 

93

区范畴内。中国泥盆纪珊瑚群大多数都是 

生活在温暖浅海近岸陆棚上富氧透光带中 

的群落 , 其分异度、丰度和密度各有不同 , 大 

致属于海洋底栖生物组合 BA 3 —BA 4 ; 但也 

有的生活在远岸大陆斜坡、波基面之下的 

宁静环境 , 属于底栖组合 BA 5 —BA 6 。 

2008020318 

东昆仑山西段上石炭统的四射珊瑚 = Upper 

Carboniferous rugose corals from eastern 

Kunlunshan, China. ( 中文 ). 赵嘉明 ; 周光第 . 

古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 177-188 1 图版 . 

青海柴达木盆地西南缘祁曼塔格山一带 

的上石炭统分下部缔敖苏组和上部四角羊 

沟组 , 该组的珊瑚化石自下而上可分两组合 : 

1 )Bradyphyllum stereomarginatum- Cystophorastraea 

molli- Skolekophyllum bullitabulatum 

组合 , 2) Amygdalophylloides mangnaiense- 

Neokoninckophyllum petilum- Pseudotimania 

delicata 组合。描述珊瑚化石 10 

属 9 种和 3 未定种 ( 其中包括 6 新种 )。它们 

与我国西南地区、原苏联莫斯科盆地、顿 

涅茨盆地、北美及南斯拉夫等同时期的珊 

瑚面貌十分相近 , 都属于晚石炭世晚期。这 

些珊瑚生长在水较浅、能量较高的近岸环 

境。 

2008020319 

吉林二道沟组的床板珊瑚型珊瑚 = Tabulatomorphic 

corals from the Erhtaokou Formation 

of Jilin Province. ( 中文 ). 邓占球 ; 郑春子 . 

古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 217-229 4 图版 . 

二道沟组床板珊瑚型瑚珊群含有常见于 

欧亚地区下泥盆统的一些重要属种 , 如 

Favosites multiplicatus,Squameofavosites gurjevskiensis 

和 Pachyfavosites rariporosus, 同 

时未发现常见于上志留统的分子。据此 , 二 

道沟组珊瑚群时代应是早泥盆世而不是过 

去所谓的晚志留世。二道沟组与南天山的 

阿尔皮什麦布拉克组可能相当 , 同属于下泥 

盆统下部。描述床板珊瑚和日射珊瑚 8 属 

16 种 , 其中 4 新种 : Pachyfavosites impurus sp. 

nov ., Squameofavosites vescus sp. nov., 

Paraheliolites obvellatus sp. nov., Pseudoplasmonora 

yaokengensis sp. nov.; 2 新亚种 : 

Favosites polaris similus subsp. nov., Mesofavosites 

jilinensis yongjiensis subsp. nov.。 

2008020320 

钙质海绵之古生态 = Paleoecology of calcisponges 

(inozoans, thalamid sponges, sclerosponges). 

( 中文 ). 吴亚生 ; 范嘉松 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(4): 544-547 

古生代生物礁中钙质海绵 ( 纤维海绵、房 

室海绵、硬海绵 ) 的生态位在中三叠世以后 

被生态竞争能力更强的六射珊瑚所占据。 

在古生代和中三叠世的钙质海绵礁上 ,0— 

10m 深度内钙质海绵很发育。由于与钙藻 

共生 , 典型的造礁钙质海绵生活在透光带以 

内 , 并且在其上部更丰富。钙质海绵礁也会 

生长到破浪带内并受风浪的破坏而形成倒 

骨岩和骨屑岩。对古生代的钙质海绵礁而 

言 , 倒骨岩和骨屑岩形成于 0—3m 水深范围 

内 , 亮晶骨架岩形成于 3—10 m 深度范围内 , 

灰泥骨架岩形成于 10—20m 的水深 , 障积岩 

形成于 20—30 m 的水深 , 潜障积岩形成于 

30—40m 的水深。钙质海绵的生长形态与 

水深的关系与六射珊瑚与水深的关系一样 : 

细枝状的钙质海绵生长在最浅的水中 ( 相当 

于礁生长带的上部 ), 在稍深的水中 ( 相当于 

礁生长带的中部和下部 ) 各种形态的海绵都 

会出现 , 在更深的水中可以出现特别大的、 

锥状的海绵。 

2008020321 

塔吉克斯坦泽拉夫山山脉早泥盆世布拉格 

期群体珊瑚 = Colonial rugosa from the Early 

Devonian (Pragian) of the Zeravshan Range, 

Tajikistan. ( 英文 ). Schroder S. Alcheringa, 

2007, 31(2): 121-151 

The colonial rugose corals of the Shishkat 

fauna (Pragian, Kshtut Formation) from the 

Zeravshan Mountains are compiled and redescribed 

according to current taxonomic standards. 

The fauna can be categorized as a socalled 

'Carlinastraea-Fauna', and a generally 

comparable generic composition is recognized 

on a global scale. Some Silurian relictual genera 

such as Maikottia or Pycnost,ylus are recorded. 

Of the 15 taxa discussed, Australophyllum 

soghdianum sp. nov. is described. All 

other specimens are assigned to known species 

or discussed in the context of open nomenclature. 

The Shishkat-fauna is clearly 

dominated by the Ptenophyllina (especially 

Carlinastraea and Spongophyllum), and 

Ptenophyllidae (Australophyllum, Xystriphyllum 

and in particular Lyrielasma). A remarkable 

occurrence of Vepresiphyllum indicates a 

weak faunal relation to eastern Australia. All 

other taxa show close affinities to coeval associations 

in the Urals, but especially to those 

from the Turkestan Range and the South Fergana 

Valley. The treatment of the Fasciphyllidae 

is supplemented by a short rediscription of 

the Turkestan Fasciphyllum maikottaense 

94

Lavrusevich, 1972 because its type material is 

lost. 

苔藓动物 

2008020322 

南澳大利亚现代和第三纪冷水碳酸岩 

Celleporaria( 苔藓动物 ) 的古环境意义 = 

Paleoenvironmental significance of Celleporaria 

(Bryozoa) from modern and Tertiary 

cool-water carbonates of Southern Australia. 

( 英文 ). Hageman S J; Lukasik J; Mcgowran B; 

Bone Y. Palaios, 2003, 18(6): 510–527 

Certain members of the bryozoan genus 

Celleporaria form large, erect colonies of hollow 

branches (10–30 cm tall and 1–3 cm diameter). 

These are common and conspicuous 

in Pleistocene and Cenozoic neritic strata of 

the southern margin of Australia. Most of 

these basins are characterized by decimeterscale 

cycles through subtidal, heterozoan, 

cool-water, carbonate sediments. Several intervals 

are further characterized by pervasive 

celleporarid bryozoan thickets (10–30 cm 

thick), individual units of which can be traced 

for many tens of kilometers. 

Study of modern, live celleporarid bryozoans 

from the continental shelf of the Great 

Australian Bight (GAB), Pleistocene celleporarid 

mounds stranded below the shelf break 

of the Australian margin, and Miocene celleporarid 

thickets from the Murray and Torquay 

Basins indicates that Celleporaria thickets 

form under specific environmental conditions: 

i.e., low-energy or sub-swell wave-base settings, 

mud-silt substrate, medium-high mesotrophy, 

and moderate sedimentation rate. These 

conditions, however, are not site specific. 

They are manifested here in two different environmental 

settings: (1) a deep-water (>200 

m), upwelling nutrient source, below the shelf 

break during extreme sea-level low stands; 

and (2) shallow-water (

achiopod assemblages. ( 英文 ). Rodland D L; 

Kowalewski M; Carrol M; Simões M G. 

Palaios, 2004, 19(4): 381–395 

The encrustation of Paleozoic rhynchonelliform 

brachiopods has been studied for decades, 

but modern brachiopods have not received 

similar scrutiny. The discovery of 

abundant subtropical brachiopods from the 

Southeast Brazilian Bight provides an unprecedented 

opportunity to assess epibiont 

abundance, diversity, and encrustation patterns 

in modern brachiopod assemblages. 

Across the outer shelf, encrustation frequencies 

vary among taxa, from mean values of 

0.45% for Platidia to 9.3% for Argyrotheca. 

Encrustation frequencies for Bouchardia increase 

from 1.6% on the outer shelf to 84% on 

the inner shelf. Larger valves are encrusted 

more frequently, and epibionts preferentially 

colonize valve interiors. Increased encrustation 

on the inner shelf may reflect the greater 

surface area of larger hosts, longer exposure 

of dead shells, water-mass characteristics, 

sedimentation rates, productivity, or other factors 

that vary with depth. Inner-shelf brachiopods 

exhibit encrustation frequencies comparable 

to those reported for epifaunal bivalves. 

The epibiont fauna is dominated by bryozoans 

and serpulids, with minor roles played by spirorbids, 

bivalves, barnacles, foraminifera, algae, 

and other taxa. Epibiont abundance at 

each site is highly variable, but sites are similar 

in rank importance of epibiont taxa. A different 

suite of epibionts colonized Paleozoic 

brachiopods, but similar patterns of encrustation 

have been observed, including preferential 

settlement according to valve morphology. 

These results provide a baseline for evaluating 

the encrustation of modern bivalves and ancient 

brachiopods, and may elucidate the macroevolutionary 

history of epibionts and their 

relationship to their hosts. 

2008020326 

受热带上升流影响的大陆架 ( 南大西洋巴西 

东南部 Bight) 上大量的腕足类 = Abundant 

brachiopods on a tropical, upwellinginfluenced 

shelf (southeast Brazilian Bight, 

South Atlantic). ( 英文 ). Kowalewski M; 

Simões M G; Carroll M; Rodland D L. 

Palaios, 2002, 17(3): 277–286 

Rhynchonelliform brachiopods were diverse 

and often dominant benthos of tropical 

seas in the Paleozoic. In contrast, they are believed 

to be rare in open habitats of modern 

oceans, especially at low latitudes. This study 

documents numerous occurrences of rhynchonelliform 

brachiopods on a modern tropical 

shelf, particularly in areas influenced by 

upwelling. Extensive sampling of the outer 

shelf and coastal bays of the Southeast Brazilian 

Bight revealed dense populations of terebratulid 

brachiopods (>103 individuals / m2 of 

seafloor) between 24° and 26°S. On the outer 

shelf, brachiopods are more abundant than 

bivalves and gastropods combined. However, 

brachiopod diversity is low: only four species 

belonging to the genera Bouchardia, Terebratulina, 

Argyrotheca, and Platidia were 

identified among over 16000 examined 

specimens. Brachiopods occur preferentially 

on carbonate bottoms and include two substrate-related 

associations: Bouchardia (40– 

70% CaCO3 weight content) and Terebratulina-Argyrotheca 

(70–95% CaCO3). All 

four species display a broad bathymetric range 

that contrasts with a narrow depth tolerance 

postulated for many Paleozoic rhynchonelliforms. 

The most abundant populations occur 

in the depth range between 100 and 200 m, 

and coincide with zones of shelf-break upwelling, 

where relatively colder and nutrientrich 

water masses of the South Atlantic Central 

Water are brought upward by cyclonic 

meanders of the South Brazil Current (a western 

boundary current that flows poleward 

along the coast of Brazil). This is consistent 

with previous biological and paleontological 

studies that suggest upwelling may play a role 

in sustaining brachiopod-dominated benthic 

associations. The presence of abundant 

brachiopods in the open habitats of the tropical 

shelf of the western South Atlantic contrasts 

with current understanding of their latitudinal 

distribution and points to major gaps in 

our knowledge of their present-day biogeography. 

The ecological importance of rhynchonelliform 

brachiopods in modern oceans 

and their role as producers of biogenic sedimentary 

particles may be underestimated. 

2008020327 

奥陶纪 - 志留纪珊瑚和层孔虫的内共生 - 

加拿大东部一新的舌形贝类和其遗迹 = 

Endosymbiosis in Ordovician-Silurian corals 

and stromatoporoids: a new lingulid and its 

trace from eastern Canada. ( 英文 ). Tapanila L; 

Holmer L E. Journal of Paleontology, 2006, 

80(4): 750-759 3 图版 . 

The earliest known record of lingulidcoral 

associations is described from Ashgill 

tabulate corals preserved on Manitoulin Island, 

Ontario. Lingulid infestation of tabulate corals 

and stromatoporoids also is locally abundant 

96

in Ashgill and Llandovery limestones on Anticosti 

Island, Québec, and these preserve the 

new lingulid species Rowellella? anticostiensis 

inside the cavities of Trypanites borings. In 

all examples, lingulids appear to nestle in previously 

formed Trypanites, likely in a dead 

host coral or stromatoporoid. In some instances 

in the Silurian of Anticosti, regeneration 

of host growth while infested by lingulids 

is evidenced by a new type of compound trace 

fossil, Klemmatoica linguliforma new ichnogenus 

and ichnospecies. Similar endosymbiotic 

relationships previously observed in 

Silurian corals from Wales and Sweden suggest 

that the lingulid association with tabulate 

corals and stromatoporoids was widespread in 

early Paleozoic shallow marine settings. 

2008020328 

重新厘定下寒统腕足 Heliomedusa orienta 

Sun and Hou, 1987a 为碟形贝类 = Reinterpretation 

of the Lower Cambrian brachiopod 

Heliomedusa orienta sun and hou, 1987a as a 

discinid. ( 英文 ). Chen J-Y; Huang D-Y. Journal 

of Paleontology, 2007, 81(1): 38-47 5 图 

版 . 

The Lower Cambrian brachiopod Heliomedusa 

orienta Sun and Hou, 1987a, first 

identified as a jellyfish, was later described as 

a craniopsoid brachiopod. A new sample of 

1,150 individuals of this brachiopod, measuring 

3.1–22.0 mm long, from two new sites of 

the Lower Cambrian Yuanshan Formation was 

examined. The sample includes several with 

exceptional preservation of nonmineralized 

skeletons that reveal previously unknown features 

and fill a gap in our knowledge of the 

detailed anatomy of fossil discinids. It is here 

reinterpreted as a discinid brachiopod on the 

basis of its many distinctive, discinid anatomical 

features, such as a longitudinally oval 

pedicle foramen in the anterior region of the 

posterior sector of the ventral valve; inferred, 

short, but large pedicle descending ventrally 

from the ventral valve; inferred, paired rectus 

muscles in the large pedicle canal; elongate 

scars of paired anterior adductors; and a median 

septum connected to a U-shaped ridge on 

the ventral interior. The two growing zones of 

its exceptionally preserved, unique lophophore 

extend posteriorly instead of anteriorly as in 

all Recent inarticulate brachiopods. Its recognition 

as the first and earliest discinoidean 

extends its stratigraphic range from the Ordovician 

to the Lower Cambrian. This reassignment 

implies that the organophosphatic, pediculate 

lingulids and discinids evolved before 

the carbonate, nonpediculate craniopsids and 

craniids. Its occurrence at chronological proximity 

to the Cambrian explosion of small 

metazoans sheds light on the early morphological 

diversification and the adaptive radiation 

of the Lower Cambrian brachiopods into 

the available niches. 

2008020329 

爱达荷州阿可山组硅化的石炭系契斯特统 

的腕足 = Silicified Carboniferous (Chesterian) 

Brachiopoda of the Arco Hills Formation, 

Idaho. ( 英文 ). Butts S H. Journal of Paleontology, 

2007, 81(1): 48-63 2 图版 . 

The Arco Hills Formation contains abundant 

lingulate, strophomenate, and rhynchonellate 

brachiopods, echinoderms, corals, 

bryozoans, and rare vertebrate and trilobite 

fossil fragments. Fossils are equally abundant 

in carbonate and siliciclastic units; however, 

silicified brachiopods are limited to carbonate 

lithologies which occasionally have minor 

amounts of siliciclastic sediment. These silicified 

brachiopods were extracted for taxonomic, 

taphonomic, and paleoecologic description. 

Chesterian brachiopod assemblages of the 

Cordilleran region are poorly described and 

this work represents the only systematic 

treatment of Chesterian macrofossil assemblages 

in Idaho. Fifteen genera (23 species) of 

brachiopods are presented from Arco Hills 

Formation, including two new species: Anthracospirifer 

arcoensis and Composita idahoensis, 

described herein. 

2008020330 

阿根廷北西上寒武统 - 特马豆克阶新的小嘴 

贝类腕足动物 - 安第斯山冈瓦纳区褶正形 

贝类的演化趋势和早期多样化 = New upper 

Cambrian-Tremadoc Rhynchonelliformean 

brachiopods from northwestern Argentina: 

evolutionary trends and early diversification 

of Plectorthoideans in the Andean Gondwana. 

( 英文 ). Benedetto J L. Journal of Paleontology, 

2007, 81(2): 261-285 6 图版 . 

New rhynchonelliformean brachiopods 

are documented from Upper Cambrian and 

Tremadoc beds of the Cordillera Oriental and 

Puna regions, which are representative of the 

initial radiation of Plectorthoidea on the Andean 

(South American) shelves of Gondwana. 

Protorthisina n. gen., so far the oldest known 

representative of the family Euorthisinidae, 

and Lesserorthis n. gen. (Euorthisinidae?) are 

97

described, as well as the new species Euorthisina? 

nazarenensis, Kvania mergli, Kvania 

lariensis, Kvania azulpampensis (with two 

subspecies), Kvania? primigenia, and Nanorthis 

calderensis (with two subspecies). Protorthisina, 

Kvania, and Nanorthis form a stratigraphically 

continuous series of species displaying 

well-defined evolutionary trends involving 

size, shell ornament, and internal features. 

In the cardinalia, a transition from a V- 

shaped septalium (typical of Protorthisina) 

through almost parallel brachiophore plates 

(typical of Kvania) to the orthoid notothyrial 

platform of Nanorthis is documented. The 

species Nanorthis purmamarcaensis 

Benedetto and "Nanorthis" grandis (Harrington) 

are considered as the end members of the 

lineage. The heterochronic (peramorphic) origin 

of this trend is supported by ontogenetic 

evidence from species of Kvania and Nanorthis 

calderensis. The origin of the ‘plectorthoid’ 

cardinalia of Kvania from a euorthisinid 

configuration present in the stem group, followed 

by the appearance of a orthoidlike configuration 

in Nanorthis, pose an intricate systematic 

problem. The preliminary phylogenetic 

analysis of the northwestern basin taxa 

shows that the Upper Cambrian Protorthisina 

simplex n. gen. and sp. is the stem group of 

both the nanorthid and euorthisinid clades. On 

the basis of the new evidence, the genus Nanorthis 

is removed from the Orthoidea to the 

Plectorthoidea, and the diagnosis of the families 

Euorthisinidae and Nanorthidae are revised. 

2008020331 

华南和北美晚泥盆世法门期早期腕足弓石 

燕属以及相关属的形态学和修订 = Morphology 

and revision of Late Devonian (Early 

Famennian) Cyrtospirifer (Brachiopoda) and 

related genera from South China and North 

America. ( 英文 ). Ma X P; Day J. Journal of 

Paleontology, 2007, 81(2): 286-311 7 图版 . 

Study of abundant well-preserved specimens 

of cyrtospiriferid brachiopods from early 

Famennian triangularis Zone shelf deposits 

from South China shows that none of them 

can be attributed to the genera Cyrtospirifer 

Nalivkin in Fredericks, 1924, or Tenticospirifer 

Tien, 1938, as previously assigned. 

Some of these forms are reassigned to the new 

genus Plicapustula, with Spirifer (Sinospirifer) 

gortanioides Grabau, 1931 serving as the type 

species. Restudy of the Upper Devonian cyrtospiriferids 

of North America and South 

China indicates that genera of the subfamily 

Cyrtospiriferinae all developed a delthyrial 

covering usually composed of two or more 

thin plates referred to as a composite pseudodeltidium. 

The delthyrial covering of Cyrtiopsis 

Grabau, 1923 and other genera of the 

subfamily Cyrtiopsinae is a convex pseudodeltidium. 

The lack of a pedicle foramen 

penetrating the pseudodeltidia of Frasnian 

Cyrtospirifer indicates that most species had 

an atrophied pedicle. The pseudodeltidia of 

most early Famennian cyrtospiriferids are perforated 

by a pedicle tube or a central hypothyrid 

foramen as in Sinospirifer Grabau, 1931, 

or a hypothyrid-to-submesothyrid foramen as 

in Lamarckispirifer Gatinaud, 1949 and Plicapustula 

n. gen. The orientation and concavity 

of the interarea, used with other shell characteristics, 

are useful characters in specieslevel 

taxonomy of Famennian cyrtospiriferids. 

Four major types of radial micro-ornament 

characterize Late Devonian species of Cyrtospirifer 

and other genera of the Cyrtospiriferinae. 

These are 1) the verneuili type, consisting 

of microspines arising from the shell surface 

with spine bases extending into the primary 

shell layer, with radial capillae; 2) the whitneyi-subextensus 

type with small pustules both 

in the grooves and on the plications; 3) the 

subarchiaci type characterized by pustules 

only on plications; and 4) the hayasakai type 

with coarse elongated pustules on plications 

and capillae in grooves. There is a notable 

increase in complexity of the medial plication 

patterns of shells of Late Devonian cyrtospiriferinids. 

Simple sinal plication patterns 

characterize shells of Frasnian species of Cyrtospirifer 

and related genera, whereas most 

early Famennian cyrtospiriferinids developed 

complex patterns. We have documented three 

variations in the structure of the cardinal processes 

of the Late Devonian cyrtospiriferids. 

These consist of 1) unsupported; 2) supported 

by callus (secondary shell material) from below; 

or 3) supported by a median septum. In 

Hunan-South China, cyrtospiriferid diversity 

was low in the late Frasnian, but a postextinction 

radiation of cyrtospiriferids in the very 

early Famennian resulted in the evolution of 

numerous new genera within the interval of 

the undifferentiated triangularis Zone shortly 

after the Frasnian–Famennian (F–F) mass extinction. 

Cyrtospiriferid brachiopods of the 

subfamilies Cyrtospiriferinae and Cyrtiopsinae 

are important elements of the early Famennian 

post-extinction survivor and recovery faunas 

98

that migrated and radiated rapidly to occupy 

niches vacated by extinct clades of late Frasnian 

brachiopods. 

2008020332 

美国大盆地晚石炭世德斯莫尼斯阶中后期 

腕足的首次发现 - 晚古生代古地理对动物 

群迁移的影响 = First record of post-middle 

Desmoinesian (Late Carboniferous) brachiopods 

in the Great Basin (USA): implications 

for faunal migratton in response to Late Paleozoic 

paleogeography. ( 英文 ). ALBERTO 

PÉREZ-HUERTA. Journal of Paleontology, 

2007, 81(2): 312-330 4 图版 . 

A brachiopod fauna from the Hogan 

Formation near Skunk Springs, western Utah, 

in the eastern Great Basin, USA, includes only 

the new taxon Duartea bruntoni n. sp., and 

other brachiopod taxa described for the first 

time in North America. The faunas are considered 

to be late Moscovian (late Desmoinesian) 

in age, which represents the first record 

of post-middle Desmoinesian brachiopod faunas 

within the Pennsylvanian of the Great Basin. 

Systematic analyses of the faunas suggest 

strong affinities with brachiopods previously 

described in South America and Russia, confirming 

the idea of faunal migration into the 

Great Basin. The migration of these faunas 

appears to correlate with the development of 

new oceanic currents in response to paleogeographic 

changes related to the formation of 

the Late Paleozoic Pangea. 

2008020333 

墨西哥北东 Potrerillos 组新的古新世小嘴 

贝类腕足类 = New Paleocene rhynchonellid 

brachiopods from the Potrerillos Formation, 

northeast Mexico. ( 英文 ). Klosterman S L; 

Sandy M R. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(3): 483-489 2 图版 . 

Two new species of the rhynchonellid 

brachiopod Probolarina are described, Probolarina 

neoleonensis new species and Probolarina 

papalotensis new species. They were 

collected from a Paleocene limestone lens associated 

with a diapir in the La Popa basin, 

northeastern Mexico. Thousands of these 

brachiopods occur in this lens and constitute 

the first report of brachiopods for the Difunta 

Group, from which a diverse paleobiota has 

been previously reported. This occurrence 

represents the oldest record for the genus in 

the Western Hemisphere, as the only other 

Paleocene occurence of this genus was reported 

from New Zealand. Recent studies 

suggest that the carbonate lentil from which 

the brachiopods were collected were deposited 

in the shadow-effect area adjacent to the diapir, 

which affected the sediment influx into the 

basin. 

2008020334 

加拿大东部安蒂科斯岛晚奥陶世伛偻贝科 

腕足动物外生疹及磷酸盐化的刚毛 = 

Epipunctae and phosphatized setae in Late 

Ordovician Plaesiomyid brachiopods from 

Anticosti island, eastern Canada. ( 英文 ). Jin J- 

S; Zhan R-B. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(4): 666-683 12 图版 . 

Epipunctae, a new type of shell perforation, 

are well developed in typical taxa of the 

family Plaesiomyidae, a group of common 

orthide brachiopods from Laurentia and some 

other tropically located tectonic plates of Late 

Ordovician age. These minute, prominently 

elongate, tubular structures are similar to 

endopunctae in size and density, but differ in 

being oblique, intersecting the shell surface at 

a relatively low angle, and being confined 

largely to the outer portion of the shell wall. 

The tubules are similar in orientation to aditicules 

within the same shells but are much 

smaller and denser, usually aligned along fine 

growth lines and arranged in crude longitudinal 

columns. Exceptionally preserved phosphatic 

molds of bundled setal canals inside 

epipunctae and aditicules, described for the 

first time in this paper, are direct evidence that 

these two types of tubular structures of different 

sizes had the same function of housing 

sensory setae along the shell margin, but both 

the setae and the tubules became abandoned in 

the outer portion of the shell wall through burial 

by the secondary shell layer when the shell 

margin migrated forward. Epipunctae have 

been found so far only in plaesiomyid shells, 

but aditicules are common in many groups of 

the order Orthida. The taxonomic value of 

epipunctae is shown by a reassessment of 

Pionorthis Schuchert and Cooper, 1932. The 

hypotype previously regarded widely, but erroneously, 

as the archetype of ‘Orthis sola’ 

Billings, 1866, the type species of Pionorthis, 

is allied to Plaesiomys Hall and Clarke, 1892. 

It bears the characteristic epipunctae. The 

holotype of Orthis sola is a dalmanelloid shell 

with true punctae, assignable to Mendacella 

Cooper, 1930. This warrants rejection of the 

genus Pionorthis. 

2008020335 

99

南天山西部泥盆纪 Zdimir 腕足动物群的发 

现 = Discovery of the brachiopod Zdimir from 

the Devonian in the west of South Tianshan. 

( 中文 ). 陈秀琴 ; 廖卓庭 . 古生物学报 , 2006, 

45(3): 351-358 2 图版 . 

新疆乌恰县西部斯木哈纳边境口岸北侧 

边境线附近含 Zdimir 腕足动物群的中厚层 

灰黑色生物碎屑灰岩一直被视为中泥盆统 

托格买提组。作为一个岩石地层单位 , 托格 

买提组的含义应该是分布在托格买提东一 

带及阿赖山东部以片岩、千枚岩、石英砂 

岩或以厚层灰岩为主、含腕足动物 

Stringocephalus,Bornhardtina 和珊瑚 

Temnophyllum,Neospongophyllum 等化石群 

的地层 , 主体时代为 Givetian 期。斯木哈纳 

边境口岸北侧边境线附近中厚层灰黑色生 

物碎屑灰岩与托格买提组的岩性差异较大 , 

应另建新组名。对 Zdimir 动物群详细研究 

后证实 , 这套地层的时代大致为早泥盆世晚 

期 (Emsian 期 )。 

2008020336 

化石腕足动物 Craniid 的结晶学和成岩作 

用 = Crystallography and diagenesis in fossil 

craniid brachiopods. ( 英文 ). Pérez-Huerta A; 

Maggie C; England J. Palaeontology, 2007, 

50(4): 757-763 

One of the fundamental questions in 

biomineralization is how organisms control 

crystallographic orientation during biomineral 

production. The understanding of how 

diagenetic changes influence the preservation 

of original crystallographic patterns in fossilized 

biomineral structures provides a priori 

fundamental information for such an assessment. 

Fossil craniid brachiopods Petrocrania 

scabiosa (Late Ordovician) and Crania craniolaris 

(Late Cretaceous) are analysed using 

electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) to 

provide crystallographic data at high spatial 

resolution in the structural context. EBSD 

analyses show that P. scabiosa maintains most 

of the original crystallographic signature, including 

data from individual calcite tablets 

and laminae, while C. craniolaris only retains 

fragmentary crystallographic data reflecting 

the crystallographic continuity of tablets 

across laminae. Data show that the preservation 

of the original crystallographic signature 

is independent of that of shell ultrastructure 

and geological time. In addition, results allow 

us to propose a series of steps in the evolution 

of ‘crystallographic loss’ due to diagenesis. 

2008020337 

最早的穿孔贝类 = The earliest Terebratulids. 

( 英文 ). Modzalevskaya T L. Palaeontology, 

2007, 50(4): 869-882 

The earliest terebratulids from Central Asia 

(Tadzhikistan), Podolia (Ukraine) and Novaya 

Zemlya (Russia) are described and include the 

new genus Nordothyris. Cranaena tinctoradiata 

Cooper and Cloud and Cryptonella 

melonica (Barrande) are revised for first time. 

The stratigraphical levels of the species studied 

and their biofacies are also described. 

2008020338 

论泥盆纪腕足动物 Yunnanella 和 

Nayunnella 属 = Study of the Devonian 

brachiopod genera Yunnanella and Nayunnella. 

( 中文 ). 陈秀琴 ; 廖卓庭 ; 许汉奎 . 古生物 

学报 , 2001, 40(2): 229-238 2 图版 . 

腕足动物 Yunnanella 和 Nayunnella 两属 

在我国分布很广 , 是晚泥盆世法门期重要的 

带化石之一。由于命名等问题 , 迄今 , 这两属 

的使用在国内外仍比较混乱。Sartenaer 

(1961a,1962) 根据国际动物命名法规提 

出 ,Yunnanella Grabau,1923 和 Nayunnella 

Sartenae ,1961 两属的命名是有效的 , 它们的 

模式种分别是 Yunnanella hanburii (Davidson,1853) 

和 Yunnanella synplicata Grabau,1931 

。 Yunnanella Grabau ,1931 是 

Yunnanella Grabau,1923 的异物同 

名 ,Yunnanellina Grabau,1931 是 Yunnanella 

Grabau,1923 的同物异名。研究认 

为 ,Sartenaer(1961a,1962) 的观点符合国际动 

物命名法规的优先原则 , 应予采纳。 

2008020339 

论 Athyris concentrica (von Buch, 1834) 的 

载名模式标本 = On the name-bearing type of 

Athyris concentrica (von Buch, 1834). ( 英文 ). 

Alvarez F; Howard C; Brunton C. Lethaia, 

2005, 38(1): 86-87 

2008020340 

塔里木盆地西南缘石炭、二叠系腕足动物 

组合序列 = The Carboniferous and Permian 

brachiopod assemblage sequences from the 

southwestern margin of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, 

NW China. ( 中文 ). 陈中强 ; 孙东立 . 古 

生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 429-440 

对塔里木盆地地西南缘石炭、二叠系腕 

足动物组合序列进行系统研究 , 将其分为 10 

100

个腕足动物组合。据腕足类及其共生的蜓 

类、非蜓有孔虫及牙形类等门类化石组合 

的分析 , 将每个腕足动物组合给予较为精确 

的年代地层范围 , 并讨论乌斯特利茨基 

(1960 ) 所描述的石炭、二叠系腕足动物群 

的具体层位和时代。 

2008020341 

西藏申扎地区晚石炭世 - 早二叠世冈瓦纳相 

腕足类动物群再研究 = Late Carboniferous- 

Early Permian brachiopod fauna of Gondwanic 

affinityin Xainza County, northern Tibet, 

China: Revisited. ( 中文 ). 詹立培 ; 姚建 

新 ; 纪占胜 ; 武桂春 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(1): 

54-72 4 图版 . 

西藏申扎地区德日昂玛一下拉剖面永珠 

组中上部和昂杰组的腕足类动物群可以与 

国内、外冈瓦纳相和亲冈瓦纳相地区的腕 

足类动物群进行对比 , 但又显示出其独特 

的一面。将其自下而上划分为 4 个组合 , 

永珠组中上部为 Reedoconcha xizangensis 

Spinomartinia xainzaensis 组合、 

Cimmeriella mucronata-Reedocotrcha excellens 

组合和 Trigonotreta,magnifica- 

Bandoproductus intermedia 组合 , 昂杰组为 

Aulosteges ingens-Punctocyrtella nagmargensis 

组合。按照国内、外冈瓦纳相、亲冈瓦 

纳相地区及华夏特提斯地区腕足类的时代 

意见 , 永珠组中部腕足类组合的时代为晚 

石炭世巴斯基尔期 , 上部 2 个腕足类组合 

分别为早二叠世萨克马尔早期 - 萨克马尔晚 

期 , 昂杰组的腕足类组合的时代为早二叠 

世亚丁斯克期。 

2008020342 

Linshuichonetes-Crurithyris 群落和四川早 

二叠世 Cisuralian 新的长身贝类化石 = The 

Linshuichonetes-Crurithyris community and 

new productid species from the Cisuralian 

(Early Permian) of Sichuan, China. ( 英文 ). 

Campi M J; Shi Guangrong. Alcheringa, 2007, 

31(2): 185-198 

Two marginiferinid species, sp. nov. and 

Transennatia sulcata sp. nov. are described 

from the Early Permian Liangshan and lowermost 

Chihsia formations Lit the Chuanmu 

Section, Sichuan, China. The Linshuichonetes- 

Crurithyris Community is discussed in the 

context of a pioneering Opportunistic Community 

that developed Lit the onset of the 

Yanghsingian transgression in the late Artinskian. 

This Community was characterized by 

species that were generally small and relatively 

thin-shelled, and showed other features 

that are ecological adaptations to fluctuating 

environmental conditions. 

2008020343 

华南二叠纪最晚期长兴阶腕足动物 

Attenuatella 种的发现 = Discovery of late 

Changhsingian (latest Permian) brachiopod 

Attenuatella species from South China. ( 英文 ). 

He Weihong; Shi Guangrong; Feng Qinglai; 

Peng Yuanqiao. Alcheringa, 2007, 31(3): 271- 

284 

Attenuatella mengi sp. nov. and ?Attenuatella 

sp. from the Talung Formation, southern 

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 

South China, are described herein. This discovery 

represents the first report of Attenuatella 

from the late Changhsingian (latest 

Permian) in South China and provides evidence 

that Attenuatella expanded its range 

from high-latitude cold-water regions to palaeoequatorial 

warm water areas in the Late 

Permian. Attenuatella species appear to have 

been pseudoplanktonic, judging from their 

hair-like spinose ornamentation, which could 

have contributed to the global palaeogeographical 

distribution of Attenuatella. 

软体动物 

2008020344 

波兰中部凡蓝今阶海进 - 海退旋回幼年腹足 

类及其相关生物的生物群变化 = Faunal 

dynamics of juvenile gastropods and associated 

organisms across the Valanginian transgression-regression 

cycle in central Poland. 

( 英文 ). Kaim A. Cretaceous Research, 2001, 

22(3): 333-351 

The Valanginian fossil assemblages at 

Wawa in central Poland are dominated by 

juvenile gastropods with planktotrophic, 

mostly pelagic larvae, their occurrence thus 

being largely independent of local bottom environment 

in their distribution. The gastropoddominated 

associations show a pattern of species 

turnover that is surprisingly consistent 

with a eustatic cycle and changes in biogeographic 

provincialism, both also strongly 

expressed in the distribution of ammonites. 

The Valanginian sea expanded into central 

Poland from the north, bringing cold waters 

with boreal faunas, and on the deepening seabottom 

the diversity of benthonic macroorganisms 

decreased. During the early Late 

101

Valanginian highstand, the seaway connecting 

the North European sea with the Carpathian 

ocean expanded enough to allow migration of 

Tethyan organisms into central Poland. In the 

late Late Valanginian this eustatic trend reversed 

and Boreal faunas again replaced those 

from the Tethys. The isotope record in benthonic 

foraminiferal tests suggests that, despite 

the sea-level changes, the bottom-water 

temperatures remained relatively stable. 

2008020345 

美国科罗拉多州下土伦阶 ( 上白垩 

统 )Watinoceras devonense 菊石动物群 = 

Lower Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) Watinoceras 

devonense Zone ammonite fauna in 

Colorado, U S A. ( 英文 ). Kennedy W J; Cobban 

W A; Elder W P; Kirkland J I. Cretaceous 

Research, 1999, 20(5): 629-639 

The basal Turonian Watinoceras devonense 

Zone fauna from the Bridge Creek 

Member of the Greenhorn Limestone in 

southeastern Colorado is described and illustrated, 

including material from the Rock Canyon 

area near Pueblo, where the base of bed 

86, which corresponds to the first appearance 

of W. devonense Wright & Kennedy, 1981, 

has been proposed as Global Boundary Stratotype 

Section and Point for the base of the Turonian 

stage. The fauna includes Watinoceras 

devonense devonense Wright & Kennedy, 

1981, W. depressum Wright & Kennedy, 1981, 

W. praecursor Wright & Kennedy, 1981, 

Quitmaniceras reaseri Powell, 1963, Quitmaniceras 

sp. nov.?,Allocrioceras larvatum 

(Conrad, 1855), and Hamites cimarronensis 

(Kauffman & Powell, 1977). A remarkable 

aspect of the assemblage is the presence of 

three co-occurring species of Watinoceras that 

were originally described from Devon, England 

(Wright & Kennedy, 1981), so that the 

Watinoceras devonense Zone is a biostratigraphic 

unit that allows trans-Atlantic correlation 

of the base of the Turonian Stage. 

2008020346 

利用几何形态度量方法研究塞诺曼阶菊石 

Neogastroplites 的种的分类识别 = Taxonomic 

recognition of species of Neogastroplites(Ammonoidea, 

Cenomanian) by geometric 

morphometric methods. ( 英文 ). Reyment 

R A; Kennedy W J. Cretaceous Research, 

1998, 19(1): 25-42 

Species of Neogastroplites display a wide 

range of morphological variability such that 

without a priori knowledge of the stratigraphical 

location of some individuals, it is 

not possible to make an unequivocal specific 

determination on familiar traditional grounds. 

Using new techniques of geometric morphometric 

analysis it is possible to narrow 

down the margin for error in determining isolated 

specimens. We have also demonstrated 

that there are slight though significant differences 

in average lateral shape of the three species 

studied in this note: N. americanus, N. 

muelleri and N. cornutus. If counts of ribfrequencies 

are admitted into the analysis, the 

discriminatory effect is heightened. Unexpectedly, 

the addition of maximum whorl-breadth, 

a standard distance measure, to the analysis 

has a relatively slight positive effect on the 

results. A canonical analysis of the full dataset 

provides evidence of a gradual shift in 

shape and ornament over time. 

2008020347 

日本九州中白垩世 Goshoura 群非海相双壳 

类类三角蚌 ( 类三角蚌 ?) = Notes on 

non-marine bivalve Trigonioides (Trigonioides?) 

from the mid-Cretaceous Goshoura 

Group, Kyushu, Japan. ( 英文 ). Komatsu T; 

Chen Jinhua; Ugai H; Hirose K. Journal of 


Trigonioides goshourensis n. sp. and 

Trigonioides amakusensis Kikuchi and 

Tashiro occur in the late Albian Eboshi Formation 

of the Goshoura Group in Kyushu, 

Japan. These Albian species are characterized 

by three radial pseudocardinal teeth on the 

thick and wide hinge plate, and are probably 

ancestors of Cenomanian species of Trigonioides 

(Kumamotoa) with four radial pseudocardinal 

teeth. This chronological relation may 

be important for the correlation of non-marine 

Cretaceous strata in East Asia. In addition, the 

habitat of T. amakusensis is interpreted as estuarine 

tidal flats under brackish water conditions, 

although Trigonioides is generally a 

freshwater bivalve genus. 

2008020348 

深水软体动物系统发育 : 古生物学和现代 

生物学的综合 = Deep molluscan phylogeny: 

synthesis of palaeontological and neontological 

data. ( 英文 ). Sigwart J D; Sutton M D. 

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2007, 274(1624): 2413-2419 

The position of the earliest-derived living 

molluscs, the Polyplacophora (chitons) and 

shell-less vermiform Aplacophora, remains 

highly contentious despite many morphological, 

developmental and molecular studies of 

extant organisms. These two groups are 

102

thought to represent either a basal molluscan 

grade or a clade (Aculifera) sister to the 

‘higher’ molluscs (Conchifera). These incompatible 

hypotheses result in very different predictions 

about the earliest molluscs. A new 

cladistic analysis incorporating both Palaeozoic 

and extant molluscs is presented here. 

Our results support the monophyly of Aculifera 

and suggest that extant aplacophorans and 

polyplacophorans both derive from a disparate 

group of multivalved molluscs in two major 

clades. Reanalysis of the critical Ordovician 

taxon ‘Helminthochiton’ thraivensis shows 

that this animal lacks a true foot despite bearing 

polyplacophoran-like valves. Its position 

within our phylogenetic reconstruction indicates 

that many fossil ‘polyplacophorans’ in 

the order Palaeoloricata are likely to represent 

footless stem-group aplacophorans. ‘H.’ 

thraivensis and similar forms such as Acaenoplax 

may be morphological stepping stones 

between chitons and the shell-less aplacophorans. 

Our results imply that crowngroup 

molluscan synapomorphies include serial 

repetition, the presence of a foot, a mineralized 

scleritome and a creeping rather than 

worm-like mode of life. 

2008020349 

西藏晚白垩世晚 Campanian 期至早 

Maastrichtian 期菊石群 = Late Campanian 

to early Maastrichtian ammonoid fauna of 

Late Cretaceous in xizang - the youngest 

ammonoid fauna in China. ( 中文 ). 孙亦因 ; 王 

义刚 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 20-30 2 图版 . 

记述产自西藏南部仲巴县的一个中国目 

前所知最年轻的菊石群 , 含 2 科 4 属 6 

种 , 其中 4 新种。据菊石群面貌和它们所 

产出的层位可以划分出上、下两个组合 

带 : 上部 Pachydiscus cf. Hidakaensis- 

Libycoceras zhongbaense 组合带 ; 下部 

Manambolites cujiangdingensis-M. Pivaeteaui 

组合带。产菊石的曲贝亚组的下段和上段 

的中、下部 (82F50 及其以下层位 ) 为晚 

Campanian 期 , 上段上部 ( 即 82F52 及其以 

上层位 ) 为早 Maastrichtian 期。 

2008020350 

陕南地区下寒武统筇竹寺阶软舌螺化石 = 

Hyoliths of the Lower Cambrian Chiungchussuan 

Stage in South Shaanxi Province. ( 中文 ). 

钱逸 ; 解永顺 ; 何廷贵 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(1): 31-43 2 图版 . 

描述陕南地区下寒武统筇竹寺阶软舌螺 

化石 6 属 8 种 , 其中有 5 新属 

(Ningqiangethus gen. nov., Biligulitheca gen. 

nov., Xixiangethes gen. nov., Paranicrocornus 

gen. nov., Inflatatheca gen. nov.) ,7 新种 ,1 相 

似种 ,1 未定种。从组织结构和组合面貌上 

论述筇竹寺阶软舌螺和梅树村阶软舌螺的 

区别 , 筇竹寺阶的软舌螺不仅个体增大、背 

腹分异、口唇发育、壳体与口盖常共存 , 而 

且属种分异度大 , 为进一步研究软舌螺动物 

的早期演化和解决下寒武统生物地层划分 

与对比提供重要的实证材料。 

2008020351 

早寒武世马哈螺类的骨骼化特征、分类和 

演化意义 = Skeletalization characters, classification 

and evolutionary significance of Early 

Cambrian monoplacophoran maikhanellids. 

( 中文 ). 冯伟民 ; 孙卫国 ; 钱逸 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(2): 195-213 4 图版 . 

马哈螺类 (maikhanellids) 是已知最古老的 

单板类 , 以往缺乏系统研究 , 并在分类上争 

议较大。文中以滇东早寒武世梅树村阶微 

小骨骼化石的丰富材料为依据 , 详细阐述该 

类群的形态特征和超微结构 , 探讨其亲缘关 

系和演化趋势。研究表明 , 马哈螺类由 6 个 

属组成 , 包括 Maikhanella , Ramenta , 

Ramentoides gen. nov. ,Mediata gen. nov., 

Yunnanopleura 和 Purella。各属之间壳形变 

化较大 , 但裸露的壳顶和普遍发育的鳞片状 

或条状突起表明它们存在明显的亲缘关系 , 

并显示两个演化方向 , 即 

Maikhanella→Ramentoides gen. nov.→ 

Ramenta 和 Maikhanella→Mediata gen. 

nov.→Yunnanopleura→ Purella。马哈螺类 

分布于梅树村期早、中期 ,Maikhanella 是最 

原始的马哈螺 , 最先出现在梅树村阶小歪头 

山段 , 也是中谊村段下磷矿层唯一的马哈螺 , 

而在该段上磷矿层马哈螺类发生了明显的 

属种分异。在大海段所有的马哈螺类突然 

消失。马哈螺类的壳体曾被描述为 “ 骨针状 

的外骨骼 ”、“ 骨片状外骨骼 ” 和 “ 包裹在中 

间基质中的骨针 ”。但当前研究表明 , 以 

Maikhanella pristinis 和 Ramenta cambrina 

为代表的马哈螺类的内壳层具有早期单板 

类中较常见的水平交错纤状结构 , 指示了 

马哈螺类具有致密成层的壳壁。文中新建 2 

亚科、2 属和 5 种 , 即 Maikhanellinae subfamily 

nov., Purellinae subfamily nov., Maikhanella 

perelegans sp. nov., Ramenta superata 

sp. nov., Ramentoides latispinus gen. et sp. 

nov.,Mediata kunyangensis gen. et sp. nov., 

Yunnanopleura longidens sp.nov.。 

103

2008020352 

菊石缝合线和其他复杂开放曲线的傅立叶 

分析的新探讨 = New approaches to Fourier 

analysis of ammonoid sutures and other complex, 

open curves. ( 英文 ). Allen E G. Paleobiology, 

2006, 32(2): 299-315 

Attempts to use Fourier methods to quantify 

ammonoid suture shape have failed to yield 

robust, repeatable results because sutures are 

complex curves that violate the assumptions 

of Fourier mathematics. In particular, sampled 

sutures are artificially truncated such that the 

first and last sampled points are not equivalent, 

the folds are non-stationary, and a position 

along a horizontal reference axis may map to 

multiple amplitudes along the suture path. 

Here I introduce an alternative Fourier 

method—the windowed short-time Fourier 

transform (STFT)—that accommodates these 

characteristics of complex curves. For each 

suture, digitized landmarks were parameterized 

using a tangent angle function and then 

smoothed by convolving with an apodization 

function. Piece-wise Fourier transforms were 

then calculated and averaged, resulting in a 

robust, unique quantification of line morphology. 

STFT coefficients and estimated power 

spectra describing the relative weights of harmonics 

were generated for 576 Paleozoicbasal 

Triassic ammonoid genera, representative 

of the range of suture morphotypes. While 

insensitive to major episodes of taxonomic 

turnover (Frasnian/Famennian, end-Devonian, 

and Permian/Triassic extinctions), the summed 

power data support the previously observed 

trend toward increasing suture complexity 

through time. Moreover, partitioning the 

summed power statistic into harmonic ranges 

allows novel insight into Paleozoic suture evolution. 

In particular, the data show significant 

shifts in the dominant morphotypes during 

periods of rebound and radiation and suggest 

that basal Triassic ammonoids possessed 

unique suture morphotypes when compared 

with those of the Paleozoic. 

2008020353 

古生代腹足动物总体壳形趋同的型式 = 

Patterns of convergence in general shell form 

among Paleozoic gastropods. ( 英文 ). Wagner 

P J; Erwin D H. Paleobiology, 2006, 32(2): 

316-337 

Recent phylogenetic studies of Paleozoic 

gastropods show the classification provided by 

the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology to 

include numerous highly polyphyletic taxa. 

Here we test whether this classification reflects 

limits on the range of possible designs, 

general architectural constraints, or common 

functional solutions for Paleozoic gastropods. 

Our test evaluates whether superfamilial/subordinal 

level archetypes as defined by 

the Treatise evolved more frequently than expected 

among 626 Late Cambrian–Middle 

Devonian species. Using a previously established 

phylogeny and five general shell features 

(spire angle, exhalent current position, 

base angle, umbilical width, and apertural inclination) 

we show that there are fewer gastropod 

morphotypes than expected given the 

frequency of change in these features. This is 

true even after accounting for architectural 

constraints implied by the data. Moreover, the 

most common morphotypes include significantly 

more species and evolved significantly 

more times than expected. These results imply 

a set of architectural attractors for lower– 

middle Paleozoic gastropods, consistent with 

ecomorphological theory that particular morphotypes 

are best suited for particular lifestyles. 

Thus, the Treatise classifications likely 

reflect these ecomorphological patterns within 

subclades rather than phylogenetic patterns. 

2008020354 

软体动物壳体形态发生模型 = Models for 

the morphogenesis of the molluscan shell. ( 英 

文 ). Hammer Ø; Bucher H. Lethaia, 2005, 

38(2): 111 - 122 

We give a review of current theories of 

morphogenesis of both the general coiling and 

the ornamentation of molluscan shells. These 

two aspects of shell growth are closely connected, 

as ornamentation is primarily due to 

local perturbations of the general apertural 

growth field controlling coiling. Also, a new, 

generalized, free-form apertural growth map 

model is presented in this paper, illustrating 

some aspects of the regulation of logarithmic 

spiral growth. This model is used to simulate 

the formation of megastriae in ammonoids. 

We emphasize the importance of damaged 

specimens and how they regenerated, as illustrated 

with examples from ammonoids. The 

phenomenon of ornamental compensation can 

be explained by a mechanism involving a prepattern 

in the mantle. However, simple reaction-diffusion 

models for ornamental pattern 

formation should be regarded only as useful 

abstractions. 

2008020355 

西藏南部白垩纪岗巴群的双壳类及其生物 

地理意义 = Cretaceous bivalves of Kangpa 

104

Group,South Xizang, China and their biogeography. 

( 英文 ). 文世宣 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(1): 1-27 6 图版 . 

描述双壳类化石 42 种 , 建立 10 新 

种 :Grammatodon (Nanonavis) minum sp. nov., 

Propeamussium (P.) tibetense sp. nov., Plicatula 

himalayensis sp. nov., Pseudolimea duodecicostata 

sp. nov., Pycnodonte (Phygraea)gambaensis 

sp. nov., Nototrigonia 

(N .)himalayensis sp. nov., Linearia (L.) 

gieumalensis sp. nov., Icanotia xizangensis sp. 

nov., Panopea xizangensis sp. nov., Cuspidaria 

tibitica sp. nov.。它们均产自西藏南部 

岗巴地区的岗巴群。其中大部分标本产自 

岗巴群的下中部 , 时代为 Aptian 至 Albian 期 , 

少量产自岗巴群上部 , 时代大致为 

Cenomanian 至 Coniacian 期。Aptian— 

Albian 期双壳类有地区性属 Astartoides 和 

Yoldioides 以及众多地区性种 ( 约占 6 1 % ) , 

标志着一个地区性中心的存在。同时 , 它们 

又表现出与澳大利亚 Aptian-Albian 动物群 

有密切的联系 , 澳大利亚特有的属 Eyrena, 

Maccoyella, Nototrigonia 和特有的种 ( 约占 

29%) 在岗巴群下中部被找到 , 都是在北半球 

的首次记录。这个动物群与雅鲁藏布江缝 

合带以北同时期的动物群差别很明显 , 后者 

与东亚、西亚和欧洲的双壳类有密切的联 

系。这些事实说明 , 在 Aptian-Abian 时期 , 印 

度次大陆已经开始向北漂移 , 但漂移的距离 

还不远 , 位于印度次大陆北部边缘浅海的岗 

巴地区的双壳类 , 尽管已形成了一个以地区 

性分子为主体的动物群 , 却仍然保持与南极 - 

澳大利亚动物群之间的联系和交流。 

2008020356 

二叠纪菊石属 Shengoceras 的特大型标本 

在广西的发现 = An exceptionally large representative 

of Permian ammonoid Shengoceras 

from Guangxi, South China. ( 英文 ). 周 

祖仁 ;B F Glenister;W M Furnish. 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(1): 76-80 

当前研究标本壳体之大 , 在此类菊石 

中是罕见的 , 而且它的缝合线保存亦十分 

完美。标本体室虽已剥落 , 仅存留气室 , 

但其壳径仍达 101MM, 推测完整壳体的壳 

径至少在 150MM 以上。标本系由我所张治 

平一年前得自广西柳州市。根据他所提供 

的地点及标本本身的特征 , 推断它可能来 

自广西柳江、来宾和武宣县一带二叠系的 

孤峰组。壳形及缝合线表明它即赵金科 

(1995) 所记录、嗣后 Ruzhencev (1956) 

更名为 “ 孤峰菊石 (Kufengoceras)” 的一类化 

石 , 只是赵氏记述的标本壳径最大者仅为 

当前标本的一半左右。 

2008020357 

中沙、西沙群岛微型腹足类、双壳类表层 

沉积组合与环境意义 = Microgastropod adn 

microbivalvia depositional assemblages and 

environmental significance from Xisha Islands 

and Zhongsha Islands of South China Sea. ( 中 

文 ). 冯伟民 ; 蓝琇 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(2): 285-294 

中沙、西沙群岛海底 21 个表层沉积样中 

发现微型腹足类 176 种 , 微型双壳类 48 种 , 

形成 3 个组合类型 : 水深 0— 60 m 为 

Tricolia (Hiloa)variabilis Cadellasemitorta 组 

合 , 水深 60—120 m 为 Cerithiopsis- 

Ringicula- Varicorbula 组合 , 水深大于 800 

m 为 Anatomia Gastrochaena 组合。腹足 

类、双壳类沉积组合包括原地埋藏和异地 

埋藏两种类型 , 而第二组合的异地埋葬分子 

显著增多 , 使其分异度和丰度均明显高于第 

一组合。第一组合为典型的热带动物群 , 而 

第二组合除热带动物群分子外 , 也出现较多 

的温带种类 , 它们的分布深度显然比温带的 

同类深得多。比较 Tricolia (Hiloa)variabilis 

和 Cellana 等典型热带分子的沉积分布与其 

活体生态分布的差异 , 发现水深约 20m, 50m, 

90m 处可能为本区自全新世海平面上升以 

来发生过间歇性停顿的界面。 

2008020358 

化石记录的完整性 : 小个体造成的损失估 

计 = Completeness of the fossil record: Estimating 

losses due to small body size. ( 英文 ). 

CooperR A; Maxwell P A; Crampton J S; Beu 

A G; Jones C M; Marshall B A. Geology, 

2006, 34(4): 241-244 

Size bias in the fossil record limits its use 

for interpreting patterns of past biodiversity 

and ecological change. Using comparative size 

frequency distributions of exceptionally good 

regional records of New Zealand Holocene 

and Cenozoic Mollusca in museum archive 

collections, we derive first-order estimates of 

the magnitude of the bias against small body 

size and the effect of this bias on completeness 

of the fossil record. Our database of 3907 fossil 

species represents an original living pool of 

9086 species, from which 36% have been removed 

by size culling, 27% from the smallest 

size class (

of exhaustive collection and preparation techniques. 

2008020359 

吉林浑江地区早奥陶世亮甲山组的大型短 

粗壳内角石类 = Large breviconic endoceroids 

from the Early Ordovician Liangjiashan 

Formation of Hunjiang, South Jilin Province, 

PRC. ( 中文 ). 朱茂炎 ; 李学森 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(3): 369-380 3 图版 . 

对产自吉林浑江大阳岔早奥陶世亮甲山 

组的大型粗壳内角石类进行系统研究 , 共描 

述 2 科 3 属 7 种和 1 个科属未定标本 , 其中 

1 新属、3 新种和 2 未定种。首次报道 

Piloceratidae 科分子 (Paracassinoceras 

dayangchaense gen. et sp. nov.) 在东亚的首 

次发现。提出内角石类内体管构造的 4 个 

类型。详细讨论 Manchuroceras 和 

Manchurceratidae 科的地理分布。通过比较 , 

进一步论证早奥陶世鹦鹉螺动物两个地理 

区的存在 , 即以 Manchuroceras 为代表的西 

太平洋地理区和以 Piloceratidae 为代表的大 

西洋地理区。 

2008020360 

河北秦皇岛地区奥陶纪奇壁角石科分子的 

发现及意义 = Discovery and significance of 

the members of the allotrioceratidae from Ordovicain 

Qinhuangdao region, Hebei, North 

China. ( 中文 ). 程立人 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(3): 396-402 1 图版 . 

奇壁角石科 (Allotrioceratidae) 分子在我国 

华北东部属首次发现。它产于马家沟组下 

部。界于 Deformoceras-Peripatoceras 与 

Polydesmia-Wutinoceras-Eoisotelus 组合带之 

间偏下。奇壁角石科是 Flower, R. H. 1955 

年创立的 , 至今科内已建立 6 属 13 种和 3 

个相似种。但以往所描述标本绝大多数仅 

保存有部分内体管 , 对其它特征所知甚少。 

文中描述标本不仅保存有内体管、还保存 

有外体管和罕见的外壳 , 并发现有气室沉积 

和环珠沉积。根据它的产出层位和该区奥 

陶纪头足类动物群特征 , 结合它的结构构造 

特点综合研究 , 认为它是早奥陶世晚期一类 

内锥高度特化的内角石类 , 并兼有珠角石等 

类的某些特征。它的发现可以补充 

Allotrioceratidae 建科时特征的不足 , 也为进 

一步研究内角石类与珠角石类之间的关系 

提供依据。建立 3 新属 3 新种和 1 未定种 , 

暂归内角石目。 

2008020361 

泥盆纪锥石类 Changshaconus Zhu ,1 985 

和 Reticulaconularia Babcock et 

Feldmann ,1 986 两属的解剖学和系统学 ( 英 

文 ) = Anatomy and systematics of the Devonian 

conulariids Changshaconus Zhu, 1985 

and Reticulaconularia Babcock et 

Feldmann,1986. ( 英文 ). H Van Iten; 朱志康 ; 

朱茂炎 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 466-475 

重新描述了湖南中泥盆世的锥石 

Changshaconus carinata Zhu,1985。通过比 

较 , 笔者认为 Changshaconus 与产自南非泥 

盆系和南、北美洲下泥盆统中的 

Reticulaconularia Babcock et Feldmann,1986 

非常相似。 Changshaconus 和 

Reticulaconularia 两属由于锥管表面横肋间 

具有纵向脊状构造 , 与横肋构造一起构成了 

网状的表面装饰 , 从而区别于其它所有锥石 

类化石。两属的其它特征还包括 : (1) 在角沟 

处 , 横肋成交错状排列 ; (2) 横肋在角沟的肩 

部向口端明显弯曲 ; (3) 面中线呈明显的脊状 

隆起。以上 3 个特征在 Climacoconus Sinclair,1952 

属中存在 , 因此 Changshaconus、 

Reticulaconularia 和 Climacoconus 构成了一 

个单系类群 , 而不同于其它锥石类。这 3 属 

又与 Notoconularia Thomas,1969 和 

Paraconularia Sinclair,1952 两属相似 , 横肋 

都在角沟处呈交错状排列。 

2008020362 

晚古生代海扇类 Aviculopecten planoradiatus 

McCoy,1851 新材料发现的重要意义 ( 英 

文 ) = The importance of recently reported 

specimens of the Late Paleozoic bivalve Aviculopecten 

planoradiatus McCoy, 1851. ( 英 

文 ). Boyd D W; Newell N D. 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(4): 533-534 

根据最近在大英博物馆发现的燕海扇 

(Aviculopecten) 模式种的新材料 (Fang and 

Morris,1999), 燕海扇的不等壳性终于得到 

确认。因此 , 有必要对 Newell 和 Boyd 

(1995 ) 的燕海扇超科 (Aviculopectinacea) 的 

分类方案作若干修正 : 1995 年定义的燕海扇 

科 (Aviculopectinidae) 无效 , 应由本文新提出 

的早坂海扇科 (Hayasakapectinidae) 取而代之 ; 

埃赛海扇科 (Etheripectinidae) 一名由 

Newell(1969) 定义的燕海扇科取代。 

2008020363 

南海永暑礁晚全新世微型腹足类 — 盘足目 , 

翼舌目 , 异旋目 ( 英文 ) = Late Holocene 

microgastropods from the Yongshu Reef lagoon 

of the South China Sea—orders. ( 英文 ). 

106

冯伟民 ; Jonathan A Todd. 微体古生物学 

报 , 2007, 24(2): 149-169 5 图版 . 

本文主要描述了南海南沙群岛永署礁南 

永 3 井微型腹足类盘足目 , 翼舌目和异旋目 

共 49 个种 , 包括 2 个新种 ,Serpulorbis spiralis 

sp. nov. 和 Cerithiopsis bellatulus sp. 

nov.。这些种类个体非常微小 , 大多数小于 

2mm。绝大多数种类为典型的热带海区分 

子 , 它们具有广泛的地理分布。本文按 

Okutani(2000) 分类系统进行了分类。绝大 

多数种类系南沙群岛海区首次记录。 

2008020364 

南海永暑礁晚全新世微型腹足类 — 盘足目 , 

新腹足目 , 异旋目 , 豆楯目和囊舌目 ( 英文 ) = 

Late Holocene microgastropods from the 

Yongshu reef lagoon of the South China 

Sea—orders 

discopoda,neogastropoda,heterostropha,cephalaspid 

ea and sacoglossa. ( 英文 ). 冯伟民 ;Jonathan A 

Todd. 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(3): 267- 

291 6 图版 . 

本文主要描述了南海南沙群岛永暑礁南 

永 3 井微型腹足类盘足目 , 新腹足目 , 异旋目 , 

豆楯目和囊舌目共 70 个种。这些种类个体 

非常微小 , 大多数小于 2mm。绝大多数种类 

为典型的热带海区分子 , 它们具有广泛的地 

理分布。本文按 Okutani(2000) 分类系统进 

行了分类。绝大多数种类系南沙群岛海区 

首次记录。 

2008020365 

根据对现生具气室的鹦鹉螺的野外实验重 

新审视菊石的埋葬 = New look at ammonoid 

taphonomy, based on field experiments with 

modern chambered nautilus. ( 英文 ). Wani R; 

Kase T; Shigeta Y; De Ocampo R. Geology, 

2005, 33(11): 849-852 

Field experiments with Nautilus pompilius 

in the Philippines have uncovered two previously 

unknown postmortem phenomena: (1) 

waterlogging of the phragmocone does not 

occur until the mantle tissue detaches from the 

shell due to decomposition, and (2) the 

phragmocones of empty shells flood with 

seawater rapidly due to low internal gas pressure 

(

A combination of sclerochronologic 

techniques and stable isotope analysis reveals 

that the fossil bivalve Cucullaea raea, from 

the Eocene of Antarctica, regularly lived for 

more than a century. In addition, shell growth 

occurred only during the Austral winter, when 

food (phytoplankton) availability was limited 

by darkness. Although extreme longevity in 

modern bivalves tends to correlate with cold 

temperature, paleotemperature conversion of 

18 O values indicates that these high-latitude 

fossil clams lived in relatively warm ( 14 °C) 

shallow seas of the Eocene greenhouse world. 

Growth cessation during otherwise optimal 

summer conditions is inferred to reflect summer 

spawning and a reproductive strategy by 

which to increase the likelihood of larval survival 

in a light-stressed (and hence food 

stressed) setting. Long life may therefore be 

adaptive in a setting where the chances of reproductive 

success during any one spawning 

cycle are very low. In addition, food limitation 

may play a role in extending life by reducing 

metabolic rate and somatic growth, slowing 

the process of senescence (aging). The unusual 

life history of this fossil high-latitude, 

temperate-water bivalve suggests that low 

light and food availability, as opposed to cold 

temperature, may have a greater influence on 

molluscan growth at high latitudes than previously 

thought. 

2008020368 

地层古生态学 : 意大利波平原从上第四纪 

地层中软体动物组合的深度标志和层序套 

印 = Stratigraphic paleoecology: Bathymetric 

signatures and sequence overprint of mollusk 

associations from upper Quaternary sequences 

of the Po Plain, Italy. ( 英文 ). Scarponi D; 

Kowalewski M. Geology, 2004, 32(11): 989- 

992 

Upper Quaternary sequences of the Po Plain 

(Italy) were used to assess the informative 

strength and sequence-stratigraphic overprint 

of quantitative paleoecological patterns. Three 

densely sampled cores (89 samples, 98 genera, 

23,280 specimens), dominated by extant mollusk 

species with known environmental distributions, 

were analyzed with detrended correspondence 

analysis (DCA). The DCA scores, 

calibrated using extant genera, provided outstanding 

estimates of bathymetry (±3 m) and 

related environmental parameters. Depthrelated 

successions of mollusk associations 

delineated by using DCA were consistent with 

independent sequence-stratigraphic interpretations 

and yielded insights inaccessible via routine 

techniques (e.g., depth estimates for 

maximum flooding surfaces). The DCA ordination 

demonstrates the severity of the sequence-stratigraphic 

overprint: samples are 

highly uniform taxonomically during late 

transgressive systems tracts and highly variable 

during the following highstand systems 

tracts. When analyzed across comparable systems 

tracts, similar species associations repeat 

during the last and current interglacial cycles, 

suggesting that Po Plain mollusk associations 

have remained remarkably stable over the past 

125 k.y. The results are consistent with the 

bathymetric interpretation of the DC axis 1 

postulated previously for the Paleozoic fossil 

record, demonstrate the sequence-stratigraphic 

overprint of paleoecological patterns predicted 

by computer modeling, and illustrate the utility 

of quantitative paleoecological patterns in 

augmenting sequence-stratigraphic interpretations. 

2008020369 

上新世热带美洲迅速生长的牡蛎的绝灭和 

变化的海洋环流 = Extinction of a fastgrowing 

oyster and changing ocean circulation 

in Pliocene tropical America. ( 英文 ). Kirby M 

X; Jackson J B C. Geology, 2004, 32(12): 

1025-1028 

Ocean circulation changed profoundly in 

the late Cenozoic around tropical America as a 

result of constriction and final closure of the 

Central American seaway. In response, regional 

planktonic productivity is thought to 

have decreased in the Caribbean Sea. Previous 

studies have shown that shallow-marine communities 

reflect these changes by reorganizing 

from a suspension-feeder– dominated community 

to a more carbonate-rich, phototrophicbased 

community. Although changes in diversity, 

abundance, and body size of various shallow-marine 

invertebrates have previously been 

examined, no study has specifically used 

growth rate in suspension feeders to examine 

the effect that changes in ocean circulation 

may have had on shallow-marine communities. 

Here we show that a fast-growing oyster went 

extinct concurrently with changes in ocean 

circulation and planktonic productivity in the 

Pliocene. Faster-growing Crassostrea cahobasensis 

went extinct, whereas slowergrowing 

Crassostrea virginica and columbiensis 

survived to the Holocene. Miocene– 

Pliocene C. cahobasensis grew 522% faster in 

shell carbonate and 251% faster in biomass 

relative to Quaternary C. virginica and C. 

columbiensis. Although differences in growth 

108

are due to proximate differences in environment, 

the disappearance of faster-growing C. 

cahobasensis from shallow-marine environments 

and the continued survival of slowergrowing 

C. virginica and C. columbiensis in 

marginal-marine environments (e.g., estuaries, 

lagoons) is consistent with the view that concurrent 

changes in ocean circulation and declining 

primary production resulted in the restriction 

of Crassostrea to marginal-marine 

environments. 

2008020370 

智利南方盆地欧特里夫阶菊石 

Crioceratitinae 亚科 = Ammonoids (Crioceratitinae, 

Hauterivian) from the Austral Basin, 

Chile. ( 英文 ). Aguirre-Urreta B; Suarez 

M; De la Cruz R; Ramos V A. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 387-397 

The low diversity of the Austral Basin ammonoid 

faunas was traditionally associated 

with a high degree of endemism. However, as 

reported herein, the ammonoids belonging to 

the Family Ancyloceratidae, Subfamily Crioceratitinae 

have affinities with European 

forms. Therefore, the Hauterivian ammonoids 

of the Austral Basin represent a mixture of 

endemic (Favrella Douville), with typical 

Tethyan examples (Hemihoplites Spath, Crioceratites 

Leveille), and faunas that are characteristic 

of Northwestern Europe on the margins 

of the Boreal realm (Protaconeceras Casey, 

Aegocrioceras Spath), although the endemic 

forms dominate in number of specimens. 

The following species are described 

here: Aegocrioceras patagonicum sp. nov. 

Aguirre-Urreta, Crioceratites (C.) apricum 

(Giovine) and Crioceratites sp. aff. C. (C.) 

schlagintweiti (Giovine). This rare and localized 

appearance of taxa of the Northern Hemisphere 

suggests periods of sea level rise that 

permitted widespread migration from this region 

to peripheral basins. 

2008020371 

阿根廷丘布特省下二叠统 Mojbn de Hierro 

组新的腹足类化石 = New Lower Permian 

gastropods from the Mojbn de Hierro Formation, 

Chubut Province, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Pinilla K; Sabattini N; Hlebszevitsch J. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 399-405 

New gastropods from the Lower Permian 

(Euphemites chubutensis-Palaeoneilo aff. 

concentrica Zone) of the Tepuel-Genoa Basin 

are described. The material was recovered 

from the Mojon de Hierro Formation, at the 

Quebrada Honda and El Molle localities. The 

genus Borestus Thomas (Pleuroto-marioidea) 

is reported for the first time in Argentina with 

the new species Borestus lunatus. In addition, 

Sinuitina (Spirilira) tenuis nov. subgen. nov. 

sp. (Bellerophontoidea) is proposed. The new 

subgenus is characterized by spiral ornamentation, 

subcordate whorls in section, and a reduced 

collabral ornamentation on outer flanks 

and dorsum. 

2008020372 

阿根廷火地岛全新世软体动物多板类石鳖 

的埋葬分析 = Taphonomic analysis of Holocene 

chitons (Polyplacophora : Mollusca) 

from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Gordillo S. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 407- 

416 

Chitons from the marine Holocene of Tierra 

del Fuego represent a minor fraction of the 

mollusc assemblages, mostly composed of 

bivalves and gastropods. The reasons of their 

limited relative abundance are considered in 

this work. The analysis of their taphonomic 

and paleontologic attributes indicates that the 

taphonomic condition on a chiton plate is the 

result of a combination of biological, ecological 

and environmental factors. It is concluded 

that chitons are good paleoecological and paleoenvironmental 

indicators, since they maintain 

ecological fidelity with respect to their 

original paleocommunities and they are suitable 

to evaluate the post-mortem events that 

took place up to they are found within the fossil 

record. 

节肢动物 

2008020373 

( 美国俄亥俄州上奥陶统 ) Mt. Orab Shale 

层三叶虫埋葬学和时序分析 = Trilobite Taphonomy 

and temporal resolution in the Mt. 

Orab Shale Bed (Upper Ordovician, Ohio, 

U.S.A). ( 英文 ). Hunda B R;Hughes N 

C;Flessa K W. Palaios, 2006, 21(1): 26–45 

Clay-rich units, locally termed “butter 

shales,” contain the best-preserved trilobites in 

the richly fossiliferous Cincinnatian Series and 

likely provide the highest temporal resolution 

available within these rocks. Sedimentological 

and taphonomic evidence indicates that the 

0.46-m-thick Mt. Orab “butter shale” bed of 

the Arnheim Formation is composed of a series 

of stacked event beds, each representing 

rapid deposition from a flow bearing finegrained 

sediment, most likely associated with 

distal storm processes below storm-wave base. 

It contains sedimentary structures similar to 

109

those of distal mud turbidites, and comprises a 

total of at least seven, and possibly many more, 

alternating silt and clay couplets. These clay 

and silt layers are interpreted to represent the 

products of different energetic regimes in a 

series of discrete depositional events accumulated 

within a common depositional regime. 

Trilobites within individual clay beds represent 

census assemblages of animals alive at 

the same time, and evidence from sedimentology, 

taphonomy, and stratigraphic architecture 

are consistent with accumulation of the whole 

bed within a period from 101 to 103 years. Silt 

layers of the Mt. Orab events beds are interpreted 

to represent parautochthonous assemblages, 

while clay layers, although displaying 

reorientation of specimens, are interpreted as 

autochthonous assemblages. Both layers are 

deposited in a shallower-water environment 

than the comparable “granulosa” trilobite cluster 

of the Kope Formation, which represents 

an autochthonous assemblage with in-situ burial 

of trilobites. 

2008020374 

华南奥陶纪三叶虫辐射的模式、过程和有 

可能的起因 = Patterns, processes and likely 

causes of the Ordovician trilobite radiation in 

South China. ( 英文 ). Zhou Zhiyi; Yuan Wenwei; 

Zhou Zhiqiang. Geological Journal, 2007, 

42(3-4): 297-313 

The Ordovician genus-diversity trajectories 

of trilobites and the radiation patterns previously 

proposed in South China are reviewed 

on the basis of an extensive and intensive 

study of 32 representative collections assigned 

respectively to the suecicus, hirundo and clavus 

graptolite-zone intervals and made along 

shelf environment gradients from 15 remeasured 

representative early-Middle- 

Ordovician sections. Analyses of new data 

indicate that components of the Whiterock 

Fauna (Paleozoic Evolutionary Fauna) spread 

across the whole of the environmental spectrum 

and in general increased steadily through 

the Ordovician. The major faunal innovations 

appeared first in the inner shelf during the 

Early Ordovician and the novelties then expanded 

seawards into the outer shelf. The 

Whiterock Fauna first exhibited a higher representation 

in shallow outer-shelf faunas and 

made its early appearance in deep outer-shelf 

habitats during the early Middle Ordovician. 

However, it was not until the clavus interval 

(late early Middle Ordovician) that the onset 

of the major Ordovician radiation or the radiation 

of the Whiterock Fauna as a whole commenced 

in deep outer-shelf environments. 

From the Darriwilian onwards, members of 

the Whiterock Fauna had further developed 

and dominated all environments, but it was 

not until the Hirnantian that they comprised 

the whole fauna. The beginning of the radiation 

in South China was dominated by the expansion 

of reedocalymenine calymenids, trinucleids 

and cyclopygids. All of these three 

trilobite clades had their early diversification 

centred in high latitude zones of Gondwana. 

In terms of the macroevolution of trilobites, 

these specialized trilobites were only diagnostic 

of a regional Ordovician radiation. All of 

them represented a subset of the Paleozoic 

Evolutionary Fauna, which became extinct 

before or during the latest Ordovician mass 

extinction and bore no relationships to the 

Silurian Fauna. Therefore, the Whiterock 

Fauna of South China only played a minor 

role in the global macroevolution of the Paleozoic 

Evolutionary Fauna. As revealed by 

close investigations, the Ordovician radiation 

in South China may have been directly triggered 

by two major transgressive-regressive 

cycles during the Tremadoc/Arenig and 

Lower/Middle Ordovician. The increase of 

oxygen levels in oceans during the early Middle 

Ordovician may have provided an essential 

condition for the radiating fauna to eventually 

inhabit the new ecological niches of the 

deep outer shelf. 

2008020375 

东亚晚中生代叶肢介的演化、迁移和辐射 

= Evolution, migration and radiation of late 

Mesozoic conchostracans in East Asia. ( 英文 ). 

Chen Peiji; Li Gang; Batten D J. Geological 

Journal, 2007, 42(3-4): 391-414 

Late Mesozoic deposits in East Asia are 

mainly of continental origin and contain an 

abundance of conchostracans, whose rapid 

evolution and radiation makes them biostratigraphically 

useful in subdividing and classifying 

non-marine strata in the region. In this 

paper we discuss the evolution and radiation 

of conchostracan faunas during the late Mesozoic 

in East Asia. Pseudograpta, known from 

Callovian deposits in north-west Scotland, 

migrated to and flourished in East Asia during 

the early Oxfordian (Tuchengzian: early Late 

Jurassic), where it not only diversified into 

about eight species, but also led to the evolution 

of Monilestheria and Nestoria by adding 

a row of tubercles on growth lines and losing 

the very fine radial lirae on growth bands near 

the venter of carapaces, respectively. Nestoria 

110

eached the acme of its development during 

the Kimmeridgian (Dabeigouan: mid Late 

Jurassic), forming a major component of the 

Nestoria-Keratestheria fauna. By the beginning 

of the Yixianian (Tithonian or early Cretaceous: 

correlation with the standard geological 

time scale is controversial), an Eosestheria 

fauna began to flourish, occupying Transbaikalia 

in Russia, south Mongolia, and north and 

north-east China in the ancient Amur River 

drainage system. By the Early Cretaceous Eosestheria 

and Diestheria, two dominant genera 

of the Eosestheria fauna, evolved into Yanjiestheria 

and Neodiestheria respectively, through 

a reduction in the size of the reticulation of the 

carapace and an increase in the density of the 

radial lirae. The Yanjiestheria fauna flourished. 

Consisting of some 100 species in 16 genera, 

its distribution expanded westwards to the 

Junggar Basin and eastwards to coastal regions 

of south-east China, and to Japan. During 

the Cenomanian a homogeneous Nemestheria 

fauna was widely distributed in East 

Asia. Soon after, however, this evolved into 

four faunas within three palaeogeographic 

provinces: a Euestherites fauna in the ancient 

Amur River-Songhua Lake drainage system in 

north-east China; Linhaiella and Tenuestheria 

faunas in the Yunmeng Lake system in southeast 

China; and an Aglestheria fauna in the 

palaeo-lakes of south-west China 

2008020376 

烧结法在介形类化石分析中的应用 = The 

application of basing method in ostracod fossil 

preparation. ( 中文 ). 蒋飞虎 ; 吕红玉 ; 唐淑艳 ; 

王志萍 ; 邵洪风 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 

18(3): 309-311 

烧结法是一种常规介形类分析方法 , 适 

应于坚硬岩石样品 , 尤其是碳酸盐岩样品 

的分析处理。通过试验 , 本文对烧结法分 

析介形虫的操作步骤和技术要领作了总 

结。 

2008020377 

英国赫里德福郡化石库 ( 志留纪 ) 发现具 

三维保存软体的一个新的主谱系的甲壳动 

物 = A new probable stem lineage crustacean 

with three-dimensionally preserved soft parts 

from the Herefordshire (Silurian) Lagerstätte, 

UK. ( 英文 ). Siveter D J; Sutton M D; Briggs 

D E G; Siveter D J. Proceedings of the Royal 

Society B: Biological Sciences, 2007, 

274(1622): 2099-2107 

A new arthropod with threedimensionally 

preserved soft parts, Tanazios 

dokeron, is described from the Wenlock Series 

(Silurian) of Herefordshire, England, UK. Serial 

grinding, digital photographic and computer 

rendering techniques yielded ‘virtual 

fossils’ in the round for study. The body tagmata 

of T. dokeron comprise a head shield and 

a long trunk. The head shield bears six pairs of 

horn-like spines and the head bears five pairs 

of appendages. The antennule, antenna and 

mandible are all uniramous, and the mandible 

includes a gnathobasic coxa. Appendages four 

and five are biramous and similar to those of 

the trunk: each comprises a limb base with an 

endite, an enditic membrane, and two epipodites, 

plus an endopod and exopod. The hypostome 

bears a large cone-like projection 

centrally, and there may be a short labrum. 

The trunk has some 64 segments and at least 

60 appendage pairs. A very small telson has 

the anus sited ventrally in its posterior part 

and also bears a caudal furca. Comparative 

morphological and cladistic analyses of T. 

dokeron indicate a crustacean affinity, with a 

probable position in the eucrustacean stem 

group. As such the epipodites in T. dokeron 

are the first recorded in a eucrustacean stem 

taxon. The new species is interpreted as a benthic 

or nektobenthic scavenger. 

2008020378 

志留纪 “ 小锄虫型 ” 节肢动物 = A Silurian 

‘marrellomorph’ arthropod. ( 英文 ). Siveter D 

J; Fortey R A; Sutton M D; Briggs D E G; 

Siveter D J. Proceedings of the Royal Society 

B: Biological Sciences, 2007, 274(1623): 

2223-2229 

Xylokorys chledophilia, a new arthropod 

with three-dimensionally preserved soft tissues, 

is described from the Herefordshire (Silurian) 

Lagerstätte of England. The head and 

trunk are covered by a relatively featureless 

ovoid carapace, which comprises a domed 

central part and a flange-like border. The head 

bears five pairs of appendages. The first is 

uniramous, with dorsal and ventral projections 

distally. Appendages two to four are biramous 

and each endopod terminates in two projections. 

Appendage five is possibly biramous. 

The hypostome is very long and subrectangular 

in outline. There are approximately 35 

pairs of biramous trunk appendages. Each 

exopod comprises a long slender shaft bearing 

numerous fine filaments; each endopod comprises 

a ribbon-like shaft bearing paddle-like 

endites. Morphological comparisons and 

cladistic analyses of X. chledophilia indicate 

affinity with Vachonisia rogeri from the 

111

Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate, within the 

marrellomorphs, but assignment to Marrellomorpha 

is provisional pending revision of 

other members of this clade. Xylokorys is the 

first ‘marrellomorph’ to be reported from the 

Silurian. It is interpreted as a benthic particle 

filter feeder, whic 

2008020379 

峡东地区上奥陶统庙坡组球节子类及其它 

多节类三叶虫 = Restudy on the trilobites 

(agnostoids and other polymerids) from the 

Miaopo Formation (Upper Ordovician) in 

eastern Yangtze Gorge area, western Hubei. 

( 中文 ). 彭善池 ; 林天瑞 ; 李越 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(1): 1-19 4 图版 . 

系统描述湖北宜昌和秭归新滩晚奥陶世 

庙坡组球接子类及多节类三叶虫动物群中 

的 14 种 , 分属于 9 属、7 科。根据化石保 

存状态、挤压变形以及个体发育特征 , 对 

前人所报道的产于本组的有关三叶虫作了 

大量归并、转移和重新厘定。新的材料支 

持解释 Telephina longicephala 的性双形现 

象。Atractopyge 系首次在庙坡组中发现 , 

以往它在三峡地区只见于临湘组。文中还 

将新疆的一个保留命名种 Lonchodomas cf. 

yohi 重新命名为 Lonchodomas zhangi sp. 

nov.。 

2008020380 

新疆中二叠世叶肢介化石 = Middle Permian 

conchostracans in Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 刘淑文 . 

古生物学报 , 2001, 40(1): 61-66 1 图版 . 

描述新疆阜康三工河剖面芦草沟组的叶 

肢介化石 2 科 3 属 4 种 ( 其中 2 新种 ) 和鄯善 

照壁山剖面 “ 照壁山组 ” 的叶肢介化石 2 科 4 

属 5 种 , 时代均为中二叠世。 

2008020381 

侏罗纪 La Voulte-sur-Rhône 化石库新的海 

蜘蛛 = New sea spiders from the Jurassic La 

Voulte-sur-Rhône Lagerstätte. ( 英文 ). Charbonnier 

S; Vannier J; Riou. Proceedings of the 

Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2007, 

274(1625): 2555-2561 

The diverse and exceptionally wellpreserved 

pycnogonids described herein from 

the Middle Jurassic La Voulte Lagerstätte fill 

a 400Myr gap of knowledge in the evolutionary 

history of this enigmatic group of marine 

arthropods. They reveal very close morphological 

and functional (locomotion, feeding) 

similarities with present-day pycnogonids and, 

by contrast, marked differences with all Palaeozoic 

representatives of the group. This 

suggests a relatively recent, possibly Mesozoic 

origin for at least three major extant lineages 

of pycnogonids (Ammotheidae, Colossendeidae, 

Endeidae). Combined evidence 

from depositional environment, faunal associates 

and recent analogues indicate that the La 

Voulte pycnogonids probably lived in the upper 

bathyal zone (ca 200m). Our results point 

to a remarkable morphological and ecological 

stability of this arthropod group over at least 

160Myr and suggest that the colonization of 

the deep sea by pycnogonids occurred before 

the Jurassic. 

2008020382 

陷胸茎蜂亚科 ( 昆虫纲 ) 化石在我国辽西上侏 

罗统的发现及其系统演化 ( 英文 ) = Discovery 

of trematothoracinae (insecta) in the Upper 

Jurassic of W. Liaoning, China with a discussion 

of its phylogeny. ( 英文 ). 张海春 ; 张俊 

峰 ; 魏东涛 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 224- 

228 

描述产自辽宁北票上园地区黄半吉沟上 

侏罗统义县组下部膜翅目昆虫化石 1 新属 

新种 Trematothoracoides liaoningensis gen. 

et sp. nov., 归入葬茎蜂科 (Sepulcidae) 中的陷 

胸茎蜂亚科 (Trematothoracinae)。这是首次 

在我国发现可靠的陷胸茎蜂化石 , 也是该亚 

科在侏罗纪的首次报道。分支分析结果表 

明 Trematothoracinae 为一单系类群。 

Thoracotrema 与 Prosyntexis 进化程度较高 , 

构成一对姊妹群 , 同时又是 Trematothorax 的 

姊妹群 ;Trematothoracoides 最为原始 , 为 

Thoracotrema +Prosyntexis+Trematothorax 

的姊妹群。 

2008020383 

云南澄江早寒武世地层并论中国的 

Parabadiella, 摩洛哥的 Abadiella 及澳大利 

亚的 Abadiella huoi( 英文 ) = Lower Cambrian 

stratigraphy of Chengjiang, eastern 

Yunnan, China with special notes on chineseparabadiella, 

Moroccan Abadiella and Australian 

Abadiella huoi. ( 英文 ). 张文堂 ;L E 巴比 

库克 ; 项礼文 ; 孙卫国 ; 罗惠麟 ; 蒋志文 . 古生物 

学报 , 2001, 40(3): 294-309 

根据近来的发现 , 区域地层的阐明及生物 

在寒武系与前寒武系界线上下的变化 , 澄江 

早寒武世地层划分作了修订。早寒武世岩 

石地层名称的更换 , 年代地层及生物地层单 

位的分带这里作了简述。目前的岩石地层 

单位从下到上是渔户村组 ( 梅树阶 ), 黑林铺 

组 ( 筇竹寺阶 ), 红井哨组、乌龙箐组 ( 沧浪铺 

112

阶 ) 及山邑村组 ( 龙王庙阶 )。此层序可分为 

12 个组合带及 2 个亚带。所有的组合带在 

中国西南地台区都有存在 , 但两个亚带在澄 

江是区域性的。云南东部震旦系与寒武系 

的界线暂时置于渔户村组小歪头山段的底 

界 , 位于小壳化石最早出现的下部。中国的 

Parabadiella, 摩洛哥的 Abadiella 及澳大利 

亚的 Abadiella huoi 这里重新作了研究。 

Parabadiella 及 Abadiella 是两个不同的 

属。模式标本的图片在这里再次刊出。澳 

大利亚的 Abadiella huoi 一种应是 

Wutingaspis 的一个新种 (Wutingaspis jelli 

Chang sp. nov .) 。 Opik(1975 ) 的 

Dolerolenus( ?)sp. nov. 一种应归属 

Parabadiella huoi 一种。Parabadiella 是中 

国也是澳大利亚寒武系最古老的三叶虫 . 澳 

大利亚的 Wutingaspis jelli 的层位与摩洛哥 

Abadiella 的层位相当 , 可与中国的 

Wutingaspis-Eoredlichia 带的上部对比。 

2008020384 

向阳组三叶虫动物群的分布 — 兼论奥陶纪 

印支地体在滇西的地质界线 = Palaeontological 

constrains on the extent of the Ordovician 

Indo-China Terrane in western Yunnan. 

( 中文 ). 周志毅 ; 罗惠麟 ; 周志强 ; 袁文伟 . 古生 

物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 310-317 2 图版 . 

奥陶纪 Darriwilian 早、中期的向阳组三 

叶虫动物群仅分布于滇西东部红河断裂和 

南定河 - 澜沧江断裂之间 , 这一狭长地带代表 

奥陶纪印支地体的北延部分。 

2008020385 

新疆库鲁克塔格南部突尔沙克塔格群顶部 

( 晚寒武世 — 早奥陶世 ) 的三叶虫 ) = Trilobites 

from the uppermost Torsuqtagh Group 

(Cambrian-Ordovician), southern Kuruktag 

area, Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 林天瑞 ; 张太荣 ; 林焕 

令 ; 周志毅 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 330- 

342 3 图版 . 

描述新疆库鲁克塔格地区南部南雅尔当 

山和却尔却克山突尔沙克塔格群顶部的三 

叶虫 , 计 10 属 2 亚属 9 种和 3 未定种 , 分为 2 

个三叶虫带 , 下部 Hysterolenus 带、上部 

Dichelepyge sinensis 带。根据牙形类化石带 

的对比 , 寒武 - 奥陶系界线应在三叶虫 

Hysterolenus 带之内通过。 

2008020386 

论晚寒武世原太子河虫 (Protaitzehoia Yang) 

的分类位置 ( 英文 ) = On taxonomic position 

of Late Cambrian Protaitzehoia Yang (trilobita). 

( 英文 ). 袁金良 ; 尹恭正 . 古生物学 

报 , 2001, 40(3): 343-350 2 图版 . 

据贵州东部万山镇南部寄马冲至羊尾舟 

剖面晚寒武世早期车夫组三叶虫的新材料 , 

对原太子河虫属 (Protaitzuhoia Yang,1978) 

进行了修订。根据其尾部的特征 , 将其分类 

位置由原先的德氏虫科 (Damesellidae Kobayashi,1935) 

移至鄂尔多斯虫科 

(OrdosiidaeLu,1954 )。此外 , 还描述了原太 

子河虫 2 新种 1 新亚种 : Protaitzehoia 

latelimbata sp. nov., Protaitzehoia nitida sp. 

nov., Protaitzehoia quadrata jimachongensis 

subsp. nov.。 

2008020387 

黑龙江伊春早寒武世西伯利亚型动物群 = 

Early Cambrian Siberian eauna from Yichun 

of Heilongjiang Province. ( 中文 ). 段吉业 ; 安 

素兰 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 362-370 2 图 

版 . 

记述黑龙江伊春地区早寒武世含多门类 

小壳化石的以三叶虫为主的动物群 , 并依据 

东北北部及其紧邻俄罗斯境内的寒武纪地 

层及动物群特征 , 论证了东北北部地区的沉 

积生物 — 构造古地理属于西伯利亚构造域 , 

华北与西伯利亚两大构造域的对接主带应 

在二连浩特 — 西拉木伦 — 长春 — 延吉 — 符 

拉迪沃斯克一线。 

2008020388 

陕西韩城寒武系张夏组和三山子组三叶虫 

动物群 = Upper middle-upper Cambrian trilobites 

of Hancheng area, Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 雒 

昆利 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 371-387 4 图 

版 . 

陕西韩城寒武系出露良好 , 化石丰富 , 从下 

寒武统上部至奥陶系为连续沉积 , 底部平行 

不整合覆盖于厚约 20 m 的霍山组石英砂岩 

之上。本区寒武系主要以紫色和黄色泥页 

岩、泥灰岩、灰岩和白云质灰岩为主 , 张夏 

组主要以鲕状灰岩为主 , 夹生物碎屑灰岩 , 三 

叶虫主要有 Changqingia chalcon, 

Changqingia luia sp. nov., Manchuriella 

macar, Lianglangshania hueirensis, 

Crepicephalina convexus, Eilura quadrata, 

Eilura (?) hanchengensis sp. nov., Anomocarella 

chinensis, Dorypyge pergranosa, 

Dorypyge richthofeni, Liopeishania lubrica, 

Liopeishania marginata 和 Damesella 

paronai 等。三山子组以白云质灰岩和灰质 

白云岩为主 , 在底部的白云质灰岩中产三叶 

虫 Blackwelderia sp., Damesops convexus 和 

113

Cyclolorenzella acalle 等 , 其中、上部未采到 

化石。 

2008020389 

鄂西早志留世三叶虫 Aulacopleura(Aulacopleura) 

wulongensis 

Wang(1989) 的个体发育及 Aulacopleurinae 

亚科的系统演化 = Ontogeny of the Silurian 

trilobite Aulacopleura (Aulacopleura) wulongensis 

Wang of western Hubei and its implications 

for the phylogeny of the Aulacopleurinae. 

( 中文 ). 袁文伟 ; 李罗照 ; 周志毅 ; 张存善 . 古生 

物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 388-398 1 图版 . 

记述了采自鄂西地区早志留世 

Llandovery (Aeronian) 的三叶虫 

Aulacopleura (Aulacopleura)wulongensis 

Wang 的个体发育。运用分支分析研究了深 

沟肋虫亚科 (Aulacopleurinae) 各种的最佳聚 

类 , 确定该亚科目前仅含 Aulacopleura 一属 , 

Songkanina 属是 Aulacopleura (Paraulacopleura) 

亚属的同物异名。Aulacopleura 一 

属的祖先种为 A. szechuanica, 在系统演化中 

存在幼型形成和过型形成两种异时发育现 

象 ,Aulacopleura (Paraulacopleura) 各种为该 

祖先种的幼型形成后裔 , 而 Aulacopleura 

(Aulacopleura) 各种为它的过型形成后裔。 

2008020390 

奥陶纪三叶虫凸面远瞩虫 (Telephina convexa 

Lu) 的眼 = The eyes of Ordovician trilobite 

Telephina convexa Lu. ( 中文 ). 韩乃仁 . 

古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 399-408 4 图版 . 

研究材料系采自浙江江山晚奥陶世黄泥 

岗组硅质结核中的 Telephina convexa Lu 眼 

部内模和外模标本。使用 SEM 二次电子图 

像把眼部放大 , 发现其小眼体是透镜体 , 外形 

为正八角形的透镜体 , 正八角形的每一相间 

的部位为正方形的眼间体 (interlens) 所占据 , 

它们填充在八角形小眼体顶角和底角外侧 

的空间。每一正八角形的边长为 66.66μm, 

小眼体之间为四向两组垂直交叉排列。 

Telephina 的眼是介于三叶虫复眼和聚合眼 

之间的一种特殊类型的眼。从眼的构造和 

形态来看 ,Telephina 应属于中远洋悬浮类三 

叶虫 , 与 Cyclopyge 近似。 

2008020391 

也论寒武纪原德氏虫属 (Prodamesella 

Chang) = Notes on the concept and familial 

classification of Prodamesella Chang,1959 

(trilobita, Cambrian). ( 中文 ). 彭善池 ;Loren E 

Babcock; 林焕令 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 

407-417 1 图版 . 

湘西 Prodamesella punctata Ergaliev 的个 

体发育头盖的研究和确凿尾部的发现对袁 

金良、尹恭正 ( 2000 ) 有关 Prodamesella 属 

的次级划分和科级分类位置的最新论点提 

出疑问。湘西的材料表明 , 他们建立新的分 

类单元的材料中 , 头盖多属幼年个体而尾部 

似与 Prodamesella 无关。认为新亚属 

Prodamesella (Metaprodamesella)Yuan et 

Yin 和 Prodamesella (Neoprodamesella)Yuan 

et Yin 不能成立。以往描记的 P. subtriangulata 

Peng, P. (Prodamesella) cylindrica Yuan 

et Yin ,P .(Metaprodamesella) subtriangulata 

prisca Yuan et Yin, P.(Metaprodamesella) 

granulosa Yuan et Yin 和 Prodamesella 

(Neoprodamesella)spinosa Yuan et Yin 5 种 

( 亚种 ) 均系 P. punctata 的晚出异名。 

Prodamesella 的特征表明 , 它既不归属于 

Damesellidae 科也不属于 Missisquoiidae 

科。它的科级位置目前尚不明了。 

2008020392 

山东长清张夏中寒武统徐庄阶三叶虫 = 

Trilobites from the Middle Cambrian 

Hsuchuangian stage of Zhangxia, Changqing 

County, Shandong Province. ( 中文 ). 卢衍豪 ; 

朱兆玲 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 40(3): 279-293 4 

图版 . 

文内记述了山东长清张夏徐庄阶三叶虫 , 

计有 13 属 16 种 , 其中 1 新亚属及 5 新种 ; 划 

分为 4 个三叶虫化石带 ( 自上而下 ): Bailiella 

Lioparia 带、Poriagraulos nanum 带、 

Sunaspis laevis 带和 Hsuchuangia- Ruichengella 

带 , 并与辽东地区、山西中条山和 

河南中 - 西部徐庄阶三叶虫化石带作了对 

比。由于此地是徐庄阶命名所在地 , 故其三 

叶虫化石带可做为对比的标准。 

2008020393 

两个紧密联系的上泥盆统镜眼虫类三叶虫 

个体发育的定量对比 = A quantitative comparison 

of the ontogeny of two closely-related 

Upper Devonian phacopid trilobites. ( 英文 ). 

Crônier C; Auffray J; Courville P. Lethaia, 

2005, 38(2): 123 - 135 

The best insight into the development of 

Devonian phacopids has been obtained from 

Trimerocephalus lelievrei Crônier & Feist, 

1997, a Famennian phacopine from Morocco, 

where changes in size and shape have been 

quantified. In this study, a morphometric approach 

has been used: (1) to retrodeform and 

114

then establish patterns of morphological variation 

in a well preserved but tectonically deformed 

assemblage belonging to another 

phacopine species Weyerites ensae (Richter & 

Richter, 1926), a Famennian phacopine from 

Thuringia, and (2) to establish patterns of developmental 

and evolutionary changes within 

two closely related species: Weyerites ensae 

and Trimerocephalus lelievrei. The method of 

retrodeformation using a set of discrete points 

presumed to be homologous on all studied 

individuals, has demonstrated that the next 

analyses are possible on the retrodeformed 

material as compared to the undeformed material. 

Morphometric analysis based on outline 

analysis has permitted demonstration of progressive 

shape change in agreement with ontogenetic 

ordination and a comparison of 

changes in size and shape in Weyerites ensae. 

The main changes in shape appear to occur in 

the meraspid period, whereas increase in size 

takes place mainly in the holaspid period. This 

pattern, already reported for Trimerocephalus 

lelievrei, can be generalized for phacopine 

trilobites from the Late Devonian. Moreover, 

the comparison of the two ontogenetic trajectories 

has shown that most of the differences 

are related to 'structural' changes, probably 

linked to a relative pre- post-displacement. 

The results suggest that ecological adaptation 

may be studied by examining the changes in 

development that occur within species through 

time and space. 

2008020394 

论奥陶纪三叶虫属 Reedocalymene Kobayashi,1951( 

英文 ) = Notes on the genus Reedocalymene 

Kobayashi, 1951 (trilobita, Ordovician). 

( 英文 ). 彭善池 ; 林天瑞 ; 李越 . 古生物 

学报 , 2000, 39(1): 63-75 3 图版 . 

由于建立 Reedocalymene 一属的模式种标 

本保存甚差 , 长期以来 , 这一属的概念一直不 

甚明了。研究了峡东地区庙坡组新发现的 

丰富且保存完好的 Reedocalymene expansa 

Yi 材料 , 其中完整背壳系首次发现。新材料 

揭示了以往 Reedocalymene 的一些鲜为人知 

的背面和腹面形态 , 从而有可能对该属进行 

全面的修订。讨论了 R. expansa 的某些重 

要特征 , 如面线、前坑、腹边缘板、前舌以 

及壳面装饰等。R. expansa 标本中的形态变 

异和保存差异表明 , 以往描记的所有产自峡 

东地区庙坡组的其他种都是它的晚出异 

名。目前归属于 Reedocalymene 的只有模式 

种 R. unicornis 和 R. expansa 两个种。 

2008020395 

朝鲜南部的 Pseudoglyptagnostus( 三叶虫 ) 

并论朝鲜寒武纪斜坡相的意义 ( 英文 ) = Occurrence 

of Pseudoglyptagnostus (Cambrian 

trilobita) in South Korea and the significance 

of the slope biofacies of Korea. ( 英文 ). 张文 

堂 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 92-99 

朝鲜南部 Machari 组 Olenoides 带的 

Agnostus(Ptychagnostus?)orientalis Kobayashi 

一种应归于 Agnostotes 

(Pseudoglyptagnostus) Lu, 1964 一属 , 时代 

是晚寒武世长山期 , 不是早期中寒武世。小 

林贞一的 Olenoides 带是中及晚寒武世三叶 

虫混杂在一起的一个化石带。他建立的该 

组 5 个化石带也有问题。Coreolenus, Cheiruroides 

Pagetia, Oryctocephalus, Tonkinella, 

Glyptagnostus, Pseudoglyptagnostus, Hedinaspis 

在朝鲜北部中和及朝鲜南部闻庆、宁 

越等地区 , 早至晚寒武世地层内的存在 , 说明 

上述地区为斜坡相区。这一斜坡相区依附 

于华北或中朝地台边缘并向着太平洋一 

方。朝鲜的斜坡相区是华南江南带从越南 

北部经广西西部、贵州东部、湖南西部、 

江西北部、安徽南部、浙江西部、江苏南 

部 ( 包括上海地区 ), 呈东北方向伸向朝鲜。 

江南带是连续的 , 在地理位置上没有位移。 

这清楚地显示中朝地台及扬子地台 ( 或有些 

作者所指的华北地块及华南地块 ), 如现代地 

理图上所指的 , 仍然保持北、南的地理位置 . 

寒武纪中朝地台及扬子地台可能属于同一 

个大的地台区 , 没有位移或分离的证据。 

Agnostus( Ptychagnostus ?) orientalis Kobayashi,1935 

及与其共生的 Irvingella sp., 

Pseudagnostus sp. 3 种这里作了新的记述。 

Komaspis Kobayashi, 1935 可能是 Irvingella 

Ulrich and Resser, in Walcott, 1924 属的次定 

同物异名 (junior synonym) 。小林贞一的 

Komaspis 及 Eochuangia Kobayashi,1935 两 

属的时代是晚寒武世长山期 ( Changshania- 

Irvingella Zone), 不是中寒武世的三叶虫。 

南朝鲜的 Olenoides 带建议改为 Tonkinella 

带 , 因为后者在世界范围的分布更广。 

2008020396 

陕南奥陶纪圆尾虫类三叶虫的丰度及海平 

面变化 = Relative abundance changes of 

cyclopygid trilobites during the middle to upper 

Ordovician in southern Shaanxi with reference 

to sea-level fluctuations. ( 中文 ). 周志 

强 ; 周志毅 ; 袁文伟 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 

115-119 

115

上扬子区北缘米仓山地区 3 个宝塔组剖 

面的远岸水中浮游圆尾虫类三叶虫丰度变 

化研究表明 , 该区海域在兰维恩晚期至阿什 

极尔早期曾出现 4 次海平面跌落和 3 次海 

平面上升 , 与同期全球海平面变化有一定的 

可比性。证明圆尾虫类丰度变化的研究可 

能是揭示奥陶纪全球海平面变化规律的一 

个有效手段。 

2008020397 

“ 热河生物群 ” 蚜类昆虫的讨论 = On discussion 

of fossil aphids within“Jeholbiota” ,China. 

( 中文 ). 张俊峰 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 

136-150 

对 “ 热河生物群 ” 中蚜虫类的科级分类、 

演化和地质时代进行讨论并提出不同意 

见。Sinaphididae 应予保留 ;Sunaphis 应移至 

Sinaphididae;Petiolaphis,Petiolaphioides 和 

Expansaphis laticosta 科级分类位置未 

定 ;Oviparosiphidae 不能与 Callaphididae 合 

并 ,Penaphis 应归入前者。它们反映出中生 

代晚期蚜虫类的许多原始特征 , 都应归入这 

个地质历史时期生存的绝灭科。山东莱阳 

组可与辽西义县组对比 , 均为晚侏罗世沉 

积。 

2008020398 

早寒武世三叶虫属 Nephrolenellus (Olenelloidea) 

的个体发育和演化 = Ontogeny and 

evolution of the early Cambrian trilobite genus 

nephrolenellus (olenelloidea). ( 英文 ). 

Webster M. Journal of Paleontology, 2007, 

81(6): 1168-1193 11 图版 . 

The cephalon of Nephrolenellus multinodus 

and its stratigraphically higher sistertaxon 

N. geniculatus passed through the same 

four successive phases of development: entry 

into phase 2 is defined by a change from a 

decrease to an increase in the dynamic pattern 

of distance between the intergenal spine bases 

relative to cephalic length; entry into phase 3 

is defined by the appearance of genal spines; 

and entry into phase 4 is defined by the effective 

isolation of glabellar furrow S3 from the 

axial furrow. Phase transitions were associated 

with significant changes in allometric growth 

patterns of the cephalon. Five instars are identified 

within the early development (phases 1 

and 2) of N. multinodus. Despite the general 

similarity in cephalic ontogeny, significant 

interspecific differences in patterns of shape 

change are documented throughout phases 1, 2, 

and 3 of cephalic development which, with 

differences in rates of glabellar shape change 

relative to size (higher in N. multinodus) and 

ontogenetic loss of glabellar axial nodes 

(higher in N. geniculatus), demonstrate that 

evolutionary modification to ontogeny was 

mosaic and complex. Stratigraphic occurrences 

and a temporal trend towards increased 

rate of glabellar axial node loss relative to size 

in N. geniculatus are consistent with a hypothesis 

that N. geniculatus was a direct descendant 

of N. multinodus. However, ontogenetic 

data are needed for immediate outgroups 

of Nephrolenellus to determine whether two 

potential autapomorphies of N. multinodus, 

which refute such a hypothesis, are indeed 

unique to this taxon. Nephrolenellus jasperensis 

is recognized as a junior synonym of N. 

multinodus. 

2008020399 

峡东地区庙坡组栉虫类、宝石虫类和斜视 

虫类三叶虫 = Restudy on the trilobites (asaphids,nileids, 

and illaenids) from the Miaopo 

formation(Upper Ordovician) in eastern Yangtze 

Gorge area,western Hubei. ( 中文 ). 林天瑞 ; 

彭善池 ; 李越 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 205- 

216 2 图版 . 

系统描述湖北宜昌和秭归新滩晚奥陶世 

庙坡组三叶虫动物群中的 3 科 6 属 6 种。 

根据化石保存状态 , 挤压变形以及个体发育 

特征 , 对前人所报道的产于同一层位的有关 

三叶虫的研究成果作了重新厘定。 

2008020400 

陕西岐山 “ 孙家沟组 ” 海相叶肢介化石 = 

Marine conchostracans from the “Sunjiagou 

Formation” of Qishan, Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 刘淑 

文 ; 和政军 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(2): 230- 

236 1 图版 . 

陕西岐山后周公庙剖面的 “ 孙家沟组 ” 是 

一套厚 524m 的早三叠世海陆交互相地层 , 

最近首次发现了叶肢介化石 , 并发现叶肢介 

与海相双壳类密切共存。这一新发现充分 

证明了在地质历史中确实存在海相叶肢 

介。叶肢介与海相双壳类出现在 “ 孙家沟 

组 ” 上段的上部 , 海相双壳类定名为 

“Bakevellia sp ., 共生的叶肢介化石为 

Palaeolimnadia cf. machaolingensis, Palaeolimnadia 

cf. diannanensis, Protomonocarina 

sinensis, 它们产出于海侵体系域的滨浅海 

沉积环境中。根据沉积相和层序地层分析 , 

这套海相地层沉积于滨面或内陆架环境 , 由 

海侵体系域 (TST) 和高水位体系域 (HST) 组 

成 , 产叶肢介化石的岩层主要沉积于海相的 

海侵体系域。 

116

2008020401 

论寒武纪三叶虫 Prodamesella 属 = On the 

genus Prodamesella Chang 1957 (Cambrian 

trilobita). ( 英文 ). 袁金良 ; 尹恭正 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(2): 250-262 2 图版 . 

根据贵州东部万山镇之南羊尾舟至寄马 

冲剖面中晚寒武世花桥组和车夫组所产丰 

富的新材料 , 将 Prodamesella 分成 3 个亚属 : 

Prodamesella (Prodamesella) Chang 1957, 

Prodamesella (Metaprodamesella) subgen. 

nov., Prodamesella (Neoprodamesella) subgen. 

nov.; 鉴于头盖和尾部的特征 , 将 

Prodamesella 从 Damesellidae 科移至 

Missisiquoiidae 科 , 并扼要地讨论该科内属 

的系统演化关系。此外 , 记述 5 新种 ( 新亚 

种 ): Prodamesella (Prodamesella) lata sp. 

nov., Prodamesella (Prodamesella)cylindrica 

sp. nov., Prodamesella (Metaprodamesella) 

triangulata prisca subgen. et subsp. nov., 

Prodamesella (Metaprodamesella) granulosa 

subgen. et sp. nov., Prodamesella (Neoprodamesella) 

spinosa subgen. et sp. nov.。 

2008020402 

珍贵的小龙虾蜕皮化石 = An unusual 

specimen of fossil crayfish molt. ( 中文 ). 沈炎 

彬 ;F R Schram. 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(3): 

416-418 1 图版 . 

淡水小龙虾化石在世界上十分少见。龙 

虾蜕皮的化石还未曾有过记录。文中讨论 

热河生物群上侏罗统义县组发现的、保存 

十分完好的蜕皮化石。判断其蜕皮标本的 3 

个理由是 : 没有保存头胸甲 ; 步足与体节之 

间的关节膜很薄以及几乎看不到磷酸盐化 

的软组织。 

2008020403 

Hypermecaspis ( 三叶虫 ) 的蜕壳 = Techniques 

of exuviation in hypermecaspis (trilobita). 

( 中文 ). 韩乃仁 ; 王嘉玲 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(3): 419-424 2 图版 . 

在中国 , 只在浙江江山早奥陶世印渚埠组 

顶部的 Arenig 期发现有 Hypermecaspis 

asiata Han 一个种。文中的 Hypermecaspis 

采自江山横塘及竹余 , 和江山城北 4km 公 

路两侧的印渚埠组顶部。仅有少数标本保 

存有头盖 , 大部分只保留有自由颊、胸与尾 , 

极少相对移位 , 应为原地埋葬标本 , 所发现 

的 Hypermecaspis 几乎全为蜕壳标本。面线 

起机能作用 , 面线裂开 , 头盖与胸部分离 , 头 

盖还表现为翻转 , 胸部有时会裂开 , 部分胸 

节翻转 , 表明在蜕壳时胸部会耸起 , 而后再 

平复。面线裂开 , 新生虫体顶着头盖爬向 

前。Hypermecaspis 的蜕壳方式应该是 

Arenig 期小尾类三叶虫蜕壳的主要形式。 

McNamara 和 Rudkin (1984) 以及 

Heningsmoen (1975 ) 所叙述的三叶虫蜕壳类 

型中 , 并没有类似的情况。 

2008020404 

三叶虫隧道遗迹 : 中奥陶世碳酸岩海底常 

态潜底动物群 = Tunneling trilobites: Habitual 

infaunalism in an Ordovician carbonate 

seafloor. ( 英文 ). Cherns L; Wheeley J R; 

Karis L. Geology, 2006, 34(8): 657-660 

Asaphus trilobites preserved in tunnel 

systems of the trace fossil Thalassinoides from 

the mid-Ordovician (ca. 465 Ma) Holen Limestone, 

Sweden, are interpreted as the trace 

makers, enabled by shallow carbonate firm 

grounds to construct open tunnel networks and 

develop habitual infaunal behavior. Their in 

situ preservation confirms an infaunal ethology 

inferred for some trilobite taxa from functional 

morphology. We suggest that predation 

pressure from large omnivorous nautiloid 

cephalopods ("Orthoceras" Limestone facies) 

may have triggered ecologic opportunism. In 

trilobites well adapted for predatoryscavenging 

behavior as well as excavation, the 

tunnel networks functioned primarily for protection, 

possibly assisting in feeding, breathing, 

and breeding strategies. Previously, "trilobite 

burrows" have referred to seafloor traces of 

locomotion, feeding, and resting (Cruziana, 

Rusophycus). Infaunal, tunneling trilobites 

provide new evidence of mid-Ordovician partitioning 

of the skeletal benthos, adding to an 

ecologic and trophic tier hitherto interpreted as 

occupied by soft-bodied organisms. Such trilobites 

also provide an identity for Thalassinoides 

tracemakers prior to Devonian evolution 

of decapod crustaceans. 

2008020405 

辽西义县组长节锯蜂科 ( 昆虫纲 , 膜翅目 ) 昆 

虫化石 ( 英文 ) = Xyelid sawflies (insecta, hymenoptera) 

from the Upper Jurassic Yixian 

Formation of western Liaoning, China. ( 英文 ). 

张海春 ; 张俊峰 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 

476-492 2 图版 . 

描述产自辽宁西部北票上园地区和凌源 

大王杖子义县组长节锯蜂科 (Xyelidae) 巨长 

节锯蜂亚科 (Macroxyelinae) 昆虫化石 12 种 , 

归于 4 族 8 属 , 其中 6 新属 12 新种 , 包括 

Angaridyela robusta sp. nov., Angaridyela 

exculpta sp. nov., Angaridyela suspecta sp. 

117

nov., Angaridyela endemica sp. nov., 

Lethoxyela excurva gen.et sp. nov., Lethoxyela 

vulgata gen. et sp. nov., Ceratoxyela decorosa 

gen. et sp. nov., Liaoxyela antiqua gen. et sp. 

nov., Heteroxyela ignota gen. et sp. nov., Sinoxyela 

viriosa gen. et sp. nov., Isoxyela rudis 

gen. et sp. nov. 和 Xyelites lingyuanensis sp. 

nov., 并讨论其古气候特征。 

2008020406 

蚜类昆虫化石属种划分和描述中的问题 = 

On problems of classification and description 

in the genera and species of the chinese aphids 

from Late Mesozoic. ( 中文 ). 张俊峰 . 古生物 

学报 , 2000, 39(4): 558-572 

对我国 “ 热河生物群 ” 中蚜类属种进行全 

面评述 , Sinaphis,Tartaraphis 不应与 

Penaphis 合并 ; Paroviparosiphum, Mesoviparosiphum 

不应与 Oviparosiphum 合并 , P. 

opimum 不应与 P. camptotropum 合并 , M. 

tuanwangense 不能与 M. malacum 合并 ; 

Caudaphis 不能与 Ellinaphis 合并 ,C. leptoneura 

和 C. minulissima 不应与 C. spinalis 合 

并。由于描述中的问题 , Expansaphis, E. 

ovata, E. laticosta, Oviparosiphumlatum, 

Sunaphis, S. shandongensis, S. laiyangensis, 

Petiolaphis, P. laiyangensis, Petiolaphioides, 

P. shandongensis, Dataiaphis, D. conferis 建 

立的理由难以成立 , 分类位置暂不能确定 ; 

Penaphis nanligezhuangensis 应与 P. circa 合 

并为同种。 

2008020407 

寒武系崮山阶三叶虫生物地层新认识 = 

New knowledge about trilobite biostratigraphy 

of the Cambrian Gushanian stage. ( 中文 ). 朱 

兆玲 ; 项礼文 ; 章森桂 ; 刘书才 ; 雒昆利 ; 杜圣贤 ; 

梁宗伟 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(2): 165-168 

由于 Diceratocephalus 已在华北的若干地 

点找到 , 如莱芜九龙山、淄博黑石寨和泰 

安大汶口 ,Diceratocephalus 三叶虫亚带可 

以提升为三叶虫带 , 这样崮山阶便包含了 4 

个三叶虫带 ( 自上而下 ) : 

Diceratocephalus armatus 带、Drepanura 

premesnili 带、Blackwelderia paronai 带和 

Damesella paronai 带。 

2008020408 

松辽盆地青山口地区嫩江组下部生物地层 

及环境变化 = Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental 

change of the Lower Nenjiang 

Formation in the Qingshankou area, Songliao 

Basin. ( 中文 ). 闫晶晶 ; 席党鹏 ; 于涛 ; 万晓樵 . 

地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 296-302 

对松辽盆地青山口地区后金沟剖面进行 

化石的系统采样、鉴定和分析 , 识别出了介 

形类 Cypridea gunsulinensis-Cypridea ardua 

和 Ilyocyprimorpha netchaevae- 

Periacanthella portentosa-Cypridea ordinata 

组合 , 孢粉 Proteacidites-Cyathidites- 

Dictyotriteles 和 Lythraites-Aquilapollenites- 

Schizaeoisporites 组合 . 根据介形类、孢粉化 

石组合 , 结合叶肢介化石和岩性等资料 , 厘定 

了该剖面的层位 , 认为后金沟剖面属于嫩江 

组一段上部 - 二段下部 . 在生物地层研究的基 

础上 , 探讨了沉积时期的古生态、古环境、 

古气候分析 . 根据介形类化石的保存特征及 

丰度、分异度 , 并结合其他资料 , 推测在嫩江 

组一段 - 二段沉积过渡期发生了一次大规模 

的湖侵 . 伴随着湖侵 , 介形类经历了一个衰 

退、消亡、复苏的过程 . 根据对孢粉的分析 , 

认为该沉积期总体属于湿润到半湿润的热 

带、亚热带气候 , 其中在嫩江组二段底部黑 

色页岩的沉积期显得气候更加湿热 , 向上开 

始逐渐变干凉 . 

2008020409 

西藏仲巴县旧儿古湖距今 40000— 

10000aBP 的介形类及其反映的环境和气候 

变化 = Ostracods in the Jiu'er Paleolake, 

Zhongba, Tibet, Chian, and its environmentaland 

climatic changes at 40000-10000 a BP. 

( 中文 ). 刘喜方 ; 刘俊英 ; 郑绵平 . 地质通 

报 , 2007, 26(1): 88-93 1 图版 . 

西藏仲巴旧儿古湖阶地剖面厚 43m, 于 

25.4m 以上产介形类化石 , 计 6 属 12 种。 

依据各属种的生态特征、化石组合变化及 

沉积特征 , 对古湖沉积环境的分析表明 ; 约 

40000-36300 aBP 前为湖泊三角洲沉积环 

境 , 不适宜介形类等生物生存或不利于介 

形类壳体的保存。36900-34470 aBP 属湖泊 

边缘相沉积 , 湖面较宽 , 湖水较深 , 有一 

定的成度 , 介形类丰度高 , 属种类型多 , 

气候暖湿。34470 aBP 之后末次冰期来临 , 

气候逐渐干冷 , 湖泊萎缩 , 介形类属种与 

数量明显减少 , 尤其在 30000 aBP 前后至 

18000 aBP 气候趋干冷 , 湖内生境更差 ; 

18000-10460 aBP 湖泊已近干涸 , 仅剩下耐 

于生存的个剐分子 , 说明新仙女木事件在 

本区有较明显的响应。而自 10460 aBP 之 

后 , 湖内生物重又开始复苏 , 介形类数量 

和属种类型又明显增加 , 说明气候开始转 

暖 , 气温回升 , 进入全新世的暖期。 

118

2008020410 

昆虫 Glosselytrodea 目翅膀脉序和亲缘关 

系 = Wing venation and relationships of the 

order Glosselytrodea (Insecta). ( 英文 ). Bethoux 

O; Beattie R G; Nel A. Alcheringa, 

2007, 31(3): 285-296 

A hind wing of Eoglosselytrum perplexa 

(Riek, 1953) (Insecta: Glosselytrodea) is described 

from the type locality. Evidence from 

the new material contradicts the wingvenation 

interpretation of Bethoux et al. (2001) 

but favours that of Carpenter (1992). Close 

relationships of the Glosselytrodea with polyneopterous 

orders are excluded. A more precise 

assignment than 'within the clade Paraneoptera 

+ Holometabola' is not possible 

based on current knowledge. 

2008020411 

华南奥陶纪三叶虫 Calymene paronai 归属 

于 Neseuretus 属 = Assignment of the South 

Chinese Ordovician trilobite Calymene 

paronai to Neseuretus. ( 英文 ). Turvey S T; 

Siveter D J. Alcheringa, 2007, 31(2): 173-183 

Calymene paronai Pellizzari, 1913 was 

described on the basis of an almost complete 

enrolled specimen from the Ordovician 

(probably the early Llanvirn Yangtzeella poloi 

Biozone) of southern Shaanxi, China. It represents 

one of the first Chinese trilobite species 

to have been established, but has been almost 

completely ignored by subsequent workers. 

This species is redescribed and reassigned to 

the Gondwanan inner shelf indicator calymenid 

Neseuretus, compared with other South 

Chinese taxa previously assigned to this genus, 

and interpreted as a senior synonym of N. 

concarus Lu, 1975. 

2008020412 

阿根廷门多萨省波特雷里略斯 Cerro Bayo 

地区一新的三叠纪昆虫动物群 = A new Triassic 

insect fauna from Cerro Bayo, Potrerillos 

(Mendoza Province, Argentina) with descriptions 

of new taxa (Insecta : Blattoptera and 

Coleoptera). ( 英文 ). Martins-Neto R G; 

Gallego O F; Zavattieri A M. Alcheringa, 

2007, 31(2): 199-213 

His contribution describes new fossil insect 

taxa from the early Late Triassic Potrerillos 

Formation (lower section), at quebrada del 

puente, Cerro Bayo, Mendoza Province, Argentina. 

A new family, three new genera, and 

four new species of Blattoptera are described: 

Anablatta compacta gen. et sp. nov., Potrerilloblatta 

stipanicici gen. et sp. nov. (Subioblattidae 

Schneider), Delpuenteblatta dangeloi 

gen. et sp. nov. and Lariojablatta neiffi sp. 

nov. (Delpuenteblattidae fam. nov.); and a 

new coleopteran species, Delpuentesyne menendezi 

sp. nov. (Permosynidae Tillyard). 

These findings extend the stratigraphic distribution 

of the typical Triassic coleopteran taxa. 

The new assemblage shares the genus Lariojablatta 

with the Los Rastros fauna. The Blattoptera 

and Coleoptera genera differ from 

those typical of the Australian and South African 

Triassic biota (Ademosyne for Coleoptera 

and Triassoblatta and Samaroblatta for Blattoptera) 

and appear to be endemic to Argentina 

(Delpuentesyne, Potrerilloblatta and 

Delpuenteblatta). 

2008020413 

阿根廷拉里奥哈省 Bermejo 盆地 Los 

Rastros 组三叠纪昆虫动物群 : 动物群的组 

成、埋葬学和古生物学 = The Triassic insect 

fauna from the Los Rastros Formation (Bermejo 

Basin), La Rioja Province (Argentina): 

its context, taphonomy and paleobiology. ( 其 

他 ). Mancuso A C; Gallego O F; Martins- 

Neto R G. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 337-348 

In the Bermejo Basin, the Los Rastros Formation 

bears an abundant insect fauna, mainly 

of terrestrial winged adult organisms related to 

the Blattoptera and the Coleoptera orders. The 

insect remains are found in the black shales of 

the offshore lacustrine facies and their taphonomic 

features suggest that the specimens 

were allochthonous to the lake. The individuals 

appear to arrived alive to the lake and had 

a rapid fall trough the water column, thus, 

they are preserved intact. In contrast, some of 

them may have suffered fragmentation in air 

traspontation and/or biological attack during 

long periods of flotation. 

笔石动物 

2008020414 

华南早和中奥陶世笔石多样性模式 = Diversification 

patterns of Early and Mid Ordovician 

graptolites in South China. ( 英文 ). 

Zhang Yuandong; Chen Xu; Goldman D. 

Geological Journal, 2007, 42(3-4): 315-337 

During the Early and Mid Ordovician, 

graptoloids underwent a dramatic diversification. 

Many clades (e.g. anisograptids, dichograptids 

and biserials) originated and subsequently 

diversified during this interval, playing 

the most important roles in the evolution 

history of graptolites. In this study we conduct 

119

an analysis of the generic and species diversity 

history of Early to Mid Ordovician graptolites 

from the Yangtze Region (platform) and Jiangnan 

Region (slope) of South China, and 

provide evidence that the regionally distinct 

biodiversification patterns are related to the 

different representative environments of each 

region. 

Graptolite diversity measured across 

graptolite zones displays a remarkable increase 

in both regions during the Early to Mid 

Ordovician, but with distinct scales and patterns 

in each region. In the Upper Yangtze 

Region, the diversification is less rapid and 

can be divided into four phases. The second 

major diversification phase (early Arenig) is 

characterized by the rapid expansion of dichograptids, 

and the fourth diversification phase 

(mid-late Darriwilian), which is preceded by a 

decline (third phase), is typified by the flourishing 

of biserial graptolites. The diversification 

of graptolites in the Jiangnan Region is 

more dramatic and shows a distinct pattern of 

rapid, progressive and sustained diversity rise 

from the early Arenig to the early Darriwilian. 

This rapid diversification is initially driven by 

the expansion of dichograptids and subsequently 

enhanced by the significant addition 

of glossograptids and diplograptids. 

A comparison of diversity patterns between 

the Upper Yangtze Region, the Jiangnan Region, 

Australasia, Baltoscandia and Avalonia 

indicates: (1) the global Arenig expansion of 

dichograptids is also recorded in South China, 

(2) the diversity pattern of the Upper Yangtze 

Region is largely comparable to that of Baltoscandia 

and Avalonia, but is considerably different 

from that of Australasia, and (3) the 

sustained rapid increase of graptolite diversity 

in the Jiangnan Region is not shared by any of 

the other regions. 

2008020415 

探讨笔石反射率对奥陶系、志留系烃源岩 

成熟度的指示作用 = The study of graptolite 

reflectance as the indicator of source rock 

maturation in Ordovician and Silurian of 

Tarim Basin,ordos,Jiangsu areas. ( 中文 ). 曹长 

群 ; 尚庆华 ; 方一亭 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 

151-156 

通过对塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯、江苏等 

地区奥陶系、志留系笔石反射率的研究 , 以 

该地区有机地球化学等综合分析指标为中 

介 , 分析笔石反射率与等效镜质体反射率之 

间的对比关系 , 建立笔石反射率对奥陶系、 

志留系烃源岩成熟度的评价标准。认为笔 

石最大反射率、随机反射率对奥陶系、志 

留系烃源岩成熟度有良好的指示作用。发 

现笔石有机质在热演化过程中 , 由于笔石纺 

锤层等生物结构的存在 , 使温度成为影响笔 

石热演化程度的主要因素。笔石的热演化 

有其自身的特殊性 : 在 R 0 max 约为 4 % 以下 

时 , 笔石的热演化方式与煤岩镜质体相似 , 并 

且可能在很晚才进入石墨化作用阶段。 

2008020416 

云南施甸志留纪上人和桥组笔石 = Wenlock 

graptolites from the Upper Jenhochiao Formation 

of Shidian, western Yunnan, China. ( 中 

文 ). 倪寓南 ; 林尧坤 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(3): 343-355 3 图版 . 

描述志留纪 Sheinwoodian 晚期笔石 5 属 

10 种 , 其中 Monograptus belophorus(Meneghini), 

M. antennu larius(Meneghini) 

和 Monoclimacis flumendosae(Gortani) 在我 

国属首次报道。上人和桥组两个笔石带的 

层序被修正为 Cyrtograptus rigidus 带在上 , 

而 Monograptus flexilis 带在下。 

分类位置不明 

2008020417 

产自陡山沱化石库稀有的螺旋形球形化 

石 : 是埃迪卡拉动物胚胎时代到来吗 ? = 

Rare helical spheroidal fossils from the Doushantuo 

Lagerstätte: Ediacaran animal embryos 

come of age?. ( 英文 ). Xiao Shuhai ; 

Hagadorn J W; Zhou Chuanming; Yuan 

Xunlai. Geology, 2007, 35(2): 115-118 

A small quantity of helically coiled 

spheroidal fossils has been recovered from 

acid digestion of phosphorite samples from the 

Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, South 

China. These fossils consist of an internal 

body enclosed in a sculptured envelope that is 

very similar to that of Doushantuo animal 

eggs and blastula embryos such as Megasphaera 

ornata. A hallmark of these fossils is a 

three-dimensional spiral structure, which always 

consists of three clockwise coils, and 

occurs on both the envelope and the internal 

body. The spiral structure consists of a spiral 

tunnel or canal flanked by two raised levees, 

and it is punctured by a series of holes. Some 

specimens show evidence of uncoiling, invagination 

along the spiral structure, or bipectinate 

furrowing on the band between canals. A 

possible ontogenetic link between these helical 

spheroidal fossils and Megasphaera ornata is 

suggested by similar size, similar envelope 

sculptures, and co-occurrence. We tentatively 

120

interpret these fossils as postblastula embryos 

related to Megasphaera ornata. Thus, they 

may represent the most advanced embryonic 

fossils so far known from the Ediacaran, although 

their adult morphologies and phylogenetic 

affinity remain unknown. 

2008020418 

震旦纪晚期管壳化石类群及其意义 = Late 

Sinian tubular shell fossils and their significance. 

( 中文 ). 张录易 ; 华洪 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(3): 326-333 1 图版 . 

扼要介绍陕西宁强地区震旦系灯影组高 

家山段种类繁多 , 保存精美 , 实属国内外所罕 

见的管壳化石类群 , 该类化石暂按管壳形态 

结构分为单层管壳类和多层管壳类。前者 

以 Chenella 为代表 , 后者又分具套管式结构 

类以 Sinotubulites 为代表和具叠锥套合式结 

构类以 cloudinids 为代表。类似管壳化石在 

世界已有 11 个产地 , 层位稳定 , 对于末元古 

纪的时代划分和揭示早期动物的演化方向 

具有重要意义 ; 同时在一定程度上说明前寒 

武纪与寒武纪生物演化的连续性 , 寒武纪之 

初生物 “ 大爆发 ” 并非 “ 突然 ”。 

2008020419 

晚震旦世高家山生物群化石新材料 = New 

fossil evidences from latest Neoproterozoic 

Gaojiashan biota, South Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 华 

洪 ; 张录易 ; 张子福 ; 王静平 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(3): 381-390 2 图版 . 

对张录易等 (1992 ) 所建立的管状骨骼化 

石 Qinella 属进行重新修订 , 根据基本宏观特 

征、壳面装饰和壳壁套管式结构等将 

Qinella shaanxiensis Zhang, Li et Dong, 1992 

和 Qinella lijiagouensis Zhang, Li et Dong, 

1992 归入 Sinotubulites cienegensis 

Mcmenamin, 1985, 而 Qinella 属征限定为管 

壳外表面光滑的多层壁套管式结构。对 

Chenella 的属征进行厘定 , 建立 Chenella 

regularis Zhang et Hua 一新种。根据口部特 

征的似吸盘状构造 , 建立蠕形动物 — 新属 

Yudaiella Zhang et Hua。 

2008020420 

陕南末元古代高家山生物群主要化石类群 

及其特征 = Fossil evidences of latest Neoproterozoic 

Gaojiashan Biota and their characteristics. 

( 中文 ). 华洪 ; 张录易 ; 张子福 ; 王静平 . 

古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 507-515 2 图版 . 

末元古代高家山生物群是以骨骼化石为 

主 , 兼有软躯体后生动物及宏观藻类化石的 

一个多门类化石组合 , 是目前已知最早且最 

为多样化的骨骼化石生物群。化石主要产 

于上震旦统灯影组高家山段中上部 , 时限约 

565—543 Ma。目前虽然尚难对其进行系统 

的生物学分类 , 但根据化石的形态特征可以 

划分为以下几个类群 , 即具矿化壁的骨骼类 

群 , 包括管状化石、锥管状化石、瓶状化 

石、球状化石、杯状化石和疑难化石等 , 以 

及蠕形动物化石类群 , 遗迹化石类群和宏观 

藻类化石类群等。还选取与其同时代且特 

征较为相似的峡东西陵峡生物群和南非纳 

米比亚纳玛生物组合进行比较。 

2008020421 

江苏泰县五通组观山段胞石 Grahnichitina 

pilosa 的发现及其意义 = Discovery of 

Grahnichitina pilosa (chitinozoa) from the 

Guanshan Member of the Wutung Formation 

in Taixian of Jiangsu with discussion on its 

significance. ( 中文 ). 耿良玉 ; 张允白 ; 丁连生 ; 

钱泽书 ; 刘春莲 ; 唐鹏 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(4): 535-543 1 图版 . 

根据江苏泰县 N-4 井五通组观山段顶部 

的胞石 Grahnichitina pilosa 的发现 , 确定观 

山段的时代为中泥盆世吉维特期。据此认 

为 : 擂鼓台段的两层暗色泥岩 , 应分别对比 

为南洞页岩、长顺页岩 ; 中泥盆世大海侵时 , 

华南海沿苏皖河经皖南、苏南入侵苏北。 

对 Grahnichitina pilosa 进行描记和讨论。 

2008020422 

最古老的生物矿化动物 Cloudina 的造骨作 

用和无性繁殖 = Skeletogenesis and asexual 

reproduction in the earliest biomineralizing 

animal Cloudina. ( 英文 ). Hua Hong; Chen 

Zhe; Yuan Xunlai; Zhang Luyi; Xiao Shuhai. 

Geology, 2005, 33(4): 277-280 

The tubular fossil Cloudina is emerging 

as an important Ediacaran index fossil. However, 

its morphology, skeletogenesis, reproduction, 

and phylogenetic affinity have not 

been fully resolved. New material from the 

Dengying Formation of south China confirms 

that Cloudina tubes consist of eccentrically 

and sometimes deeply nested funnels and that 

the tubes lack transverse cross-walls, inconsistent 

with the traditional cone-in-cone morphological 

reconstruction. Tube walls are composed 

of micrometer-sized, more or less 

equant crystals. A number of Cloudina tubes 

branch dichotomously, in which daughter funnels 

split within parent ones. The Cloudina 

animal is interpreted to have been able to initiate 

biomineralization of new funnels within 

old ones. Its skeleton was probably secreted as 

121

calcite crystals suspended in organic matrix; 

the crystals do not appear to have nucleated 

and grown on a sheeted substrate. It was 

clearly capable of asexual reproduction, 

through budding within parent funnels rather 

than at the apertural end. The morphology, 

skeletogenesis, and asexual reproduction of 

Cloudina are broadly similar to modern serpulid 

annelids, indicating possible phylogenetic 

relationships or morphological convergence. 

2008020423 

中国早寒武世新的两侧对称动物胚胎和幼 

虫化石 = New Early Cambrian bilaterian embryos 

and larvae from China. ( 英文 ). Steiner 

M; Zhu Maoyan; Li Guoxiang; Qian Yi; 

Erdtmann B D. Geology, 2004, 32(10): 833- 

836 

Although knowledge of exceptional 

Cambrian fossil Lagerstätten has increased 

dramatically, relatively little information has 

been uncovered about the early ontogeny of 

ancient Metazoa. Here we describe new phosphatized 

eggs and embryos, partly indicating 

germ band formation, and the earliest known 

larvae of early bilaterians. Developmental sequences 

are reconstructed for Pseudooidesand 

tetramerous-type embryos. Together with 

these developmental sequences, patterns of 

germ band formation, irregular "radial" cleavage 

types, and unciliated larva with serial divisions 

and a posterior segment indicate affinities 

with protostomes, most probably within an 

ancestral arthropodan lineage. 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 

2008020424 

层序地层和原始脊椎动物的环境信息 : 美 

国科罗拉多上奥陶统 Harding 砂岩 = The 

sequence stratigraphic and environmental context 

of primitive vertebrates: Harding Sandstone, 

Upper Ordovician, Colorado, USA. ( 英 

文 ). Allulee J L; Holland S M. Palaios, 2005, 

20(6): 518–533 

The depositional environment of the Upper 

Ordovician Harding Sandstone of central 

Colorado has been debated since Charles 

Walcott first described its pteraspidomorph 

agnathans. Although most previous workers 

have favored a marine setting for the Harding 

based on the presence of marine invertebrates 

and burrows, some have argued for a fluvial or 

estuarine habitat for these primitive vertebrates. 

This study presented here is the first 

regional, comprehensive analysis of the depositional 

environments and sequence stratigraphy 

of the Harding Sandstone. The Harding 

contains deposits from an array of coastal environments, 

including transition zone, shoreface, 

bay/lagoon, washover fan, and bayhead 

delta. Features of these environments suggest 

that the Harding was deposited on a microtidal 

coast with low wave energy. Within the study 

area, two depositional sequences are developed, 

and each apparently lacks a lowstand 

systems tract. The Harding contains numerous 

flooding surfaces, which preclude any attempt 

to interpret the Harding as a single depositional 

environment. Flooding surfaces commonly 

display evidence of stratigraphic condensation, 

including burrowed firmgrounds, 

concentrations of pteraspidomorph plates, and 

dolomitic cementation. Pteraspidomorph remains 

are associated most commonly with 

shoreface facies, are uncommon in bay/lagoon 

facies, and are absent from bayhead-delta facies. 

Collectively, these occurrences argue for 

a shallow-marine habitat for these primitive 

vertebrates. 

2008020425 

南极晚白垩世 Lakumasaurus 与新西兰 

Taniwhasaurus 同物异名及 Weddellian 省 

内动物群相似性的意义 = The synonymy of 

the Late Cretaceous mosasaur (Squamata) 

genus Lakumasaurus from Antarctica with 

Taniwhasaurus from New Zealand and its 

bearing upon faunal similarity within the 

Weddellian Province. ( 英文 ). Martin J E; Fernandez 

M. Geological Journal, 2007, 42(1-2): 

203-211 

Novas et al. (2002. Ameghiniana 39:245- 

249) described and named a new mosasaur as 

Laktanasaurus antarcticus from the Late Cretaceous 

marine deposits of the Antarctic Peninsula. 

The specimen was recovered from the 

late Campanian Santa Marta Formation on 

James Ross Island. A number of characters 

indicate the affinities of Lakumasaurus with 

the Tylosaurinae. However, other characters 

of Lakymasaurus are unusual among tylosaurines, 

particularly the dentition bearing 

fine striae, teeth with non-serrated anterior 

carinae, anterior teeth without posterior carinae, 

relatively straight lateral margins on frontal 

and relatively small size. Investigation of 

mosasaurs from New Zealand confirms that 

these characters occur in the type specimen of 

Taniwhasaurus oweni Hector 1874, collected 

from the late Campanian Conway Formation 

of Haumuri Bluff. Size and similar morpho- 

122

logical characters indicate the synonymy of 

Lakumasaurus with Taniwhasaurus. 

The synonymy of Laktunasaurus with Taniwhasaurus 

adds significantly to the evidence 

of endemism among marine reptiles in Antarctica, 

New Zealand and Patagonia (Weddellian 

Province) during the Late Cretaceous. Taniwhasaurus 

along with the possible cooccurrence 

of Moanasaurus are the first mosasaurs 

at a generic level to indicate Gondwanan 

endemism. The mosasaur evidence is 

complemented by the plesiosaur Aristonectes, 

which occurs in the Maastrichfian of Argentina 

and Antarctica and appears similar to 

Kaiwhekea from the Maastrichtian of New 

Zealand, and by Mauisaurus, an elasmosaurid 

which occurs in the Maastrichfian of Antarctica 

and medial Campanian-Maastrichtian of 

New Zealand. 

2008020426 

锥体生长模式为白垩纪恐龙公园组 

Hiodontidae 科的二个小分类单元提供证据 

= Centrum growth patterns provide evidence 

for two small taxa of Hiodontidae in the Cretaceous 

Dinosaur Park Formation. ( 英文 ). 

Newbrey M G; Wilson M VH; Ashworth A C. 

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2007, 

44(6): 721-732 

Disarticulated centra recovered from the 

Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation (Cretaceous) 

are used to describe hiodontid age, 

growth, and longevity. Previous studies of 

Cretaceous centrum morphology have shown 

only one morphotype. However, growth characteristics 

can be used to test the one-taxon 

hypothesis. Age and growth characteristics 

indicate that Cretaceous hiodontids were 

shorter-lived (i.e., 7 years) and significantly 

smaller than extant Hiodon. The fossil centra 

also exhibit two significantly different growth 

patterns. Initially it was predicted that two 

factors could explain the presence of the two 

growth patterns: (1) sexual size dimorphism, 

and (2) variation in centrum size from multiple 

species. Sexual size dimorphism did not 

produce the two growth patterns because (1) H. 

alosoides maximum total length is significantly 

correlated with temperature, and (2) the 

paleotemperature in the depositional environment 

fluctuated approximately 6 °C mean annual 

temperature resulting in continuous 

growth variation. Concerning the second factor, 

the coefficient of variation (CV) observed 

in the Cretaceous centrum size data (0.23 CV) 

is 22% greater than that of the two extant species 

of Hiodon combined (0.18 CV) suggesting 

that at least two species of hiodontids were 

present in the Dinosaur Park Formation. The 

distribution of sizes of the smaller Cretaceous 

centra is not different from one extant species 

but is significantly different from two species 

suggesting that three taxa were not present. 

2008020427 

叙利亚晚白垩世的海洋脊椎动物群 = The 

marine vertebrate faunas from the Late Cretaceous 

phosphates of Syria. ( 英文 ). Bardet N; 

Cappetta H; Suberbiola X P; Mouty M; Maleh 

A K A; Ahmad A M; Khrata O; Gannoum N. 

Geological Magazine, 2000, 137(2): 269-290 

Marine vertebrate faunas from the latest 

Cretaceous phosphates of the Palmyrides 

Chain of Syria are described for the first time. 

Recent fieldwork in the phosphatic deposits of 

the Palmyra area (mines of Charquieh and 

Khneifiss, outcrops of Bardeh, Soukkari and 

Soukhneh) have yielded a rich and diversified 

assemblage of marine vertebrates, including 

more than 50 species of chondrichthyes, 

osteichthyes, squamates, chelonians, plesiosaurians 

and crocodilians. Selachians are the 

most abundant and diverse component of the 

faunas and are represented by at least 34 species 

of both sharks and rays. Actinopterygians 

include representatives of six families, the 

most common being the enchodontids. Squamates 

are known by six mosasaurid species 

and an indeterminate varanoid. Chelonians are 

represented by at least two bothremydids and 

two chelonioids. Finally, elasmosaurid plesiosaurs 

and indeterminate crocodilians are also 

present in the fossil assemblages. The difference 

in faunal composition observed between 

the sites is interpreted as being due to palaeoecological 

preferences related to the 

Hamad Uplift palaeostructure. The marine 

vertebrate faunas of Syria show close affinities 

with those of the latest Cretaceous phosphatic 

deposits of North Africa and the Middle East 

and are typical of the southern Tethyan realm. 

From a biostratigraphical point of view, the 

selachians are the only suitable material to 

provide elements of an answer to the long debated 

question of the age of the Syrian Senonian 

phosphates. They suggest an Early Maastrichtian 

age for most of the phosphates of the 

Palmyrides Chain. 

2008020428 

中国志留纪 - 泥盆纪脊椎动物的多样性和动 

物群的漂移 = Diversification and faunal shift 

of Siluro-Devonian vertebrates of China. ( 英 

123

文 ). Zhao Wen-Jin; Zhu Min. Geological 

Journal, 2007, 42(3-4): 351-369 

A database including all major groups of 

early vertebrates in the mid-Palaeozoic of 

China was analysed to unravel the diversity 

pattern at the generic level through this period. 

It was revealed that early vertebrates from 

China experienced six macroevolutionary intervals 

during the mid-Palaeozoic. They are: 

(1) the origination interval lasting from the 

Telychian (Llandovery) to the end of the 

Wenlock; (2) the survival interval lasting from 

the Ludlow to the Pídolí; (3) the radiation interval 

lasting from the Lochkovian to the Emsian; 

(4) the decline interval lasting from the 

Eifelian to the Givetian; (5) the survival interval 

during the Frasnian and (6) the recovery 

interval during the Famennian. Two major 

evolutionary faunas, that is, the stemgnathostome 

fauna and the crowngnathostome 

fauna, can be recognized during 

the mid-Palaeozoic. The stem-gnathostome 

fauna included mainly endemic armoured agnathans 

(e.g. galeaspids and thelodonts), placoderms 

and acanthodians, and constituted the 

chief components of Chinese vertebrates during 

the period. Although the crowngnathostome 

fauna comprising chondrichthyans 

and osteichthyans only accounted for 

about 29% of the total vertebrate genera in the 

mid-Palaeozoic of China, it ascended to the 

partial dominance during the period from the 

Lochkovian to the Frasnian, and then rapidly 

increased in importance during the Famennian. 

Two fish faunal turnovers, occurring at the 

end of mid-Emsian and the end-Devonian, 

respectively, facilitated the faunal shift from 

the stem-gnathostome fauna to the crowngnathostome 

fauna. 

The early vertebrates mainly inhabited 

shallow marine niches, which are sensitive to 

sea-level fluctuations. The diversification of 

early vertebrates in the Silurian and Early Devonian 

of China provides an example of major 

morphological innovations in tropical nearshore 

environments. The faunal shift of early 

vertebrates in the mid-Palaeozoic of China 

was mainly affected by sea-level changes and 

biotic interactions among organisms, suggesting 

differential responses of two component 

faunas to physical environmental transitions 

(e.g. the removal of barriers during the Emsian). 

2008020429 

利用欧洲化石两栖类和爬行类以及中新世 

中期和晚期降水量梯度估测古降水量的新 

方法 = New method to estimate paleoprecipitation 

using fossil amphibians and reptiles and 

the middle and late Miocene precipitation gradients 

in Europe. ( 英文 ). Böhme M; Ilg A; 

Ossig A; Küchenhoff H. Geology, 2006, 34(6): 

425-428 

Existing methods for determining paleoprecipitation 

are subject to large errors (±350– 

400 mm or more using mammalian proxies), 

or are restricted to wet climate systems due to 

their strong facies dependence (paleobotanical 

proxies). Here we describe a new paleoprecipitation 

tool based on an indexing of ecophysiological 

groups within herpetological 

communities. In recent communities these 

indices show a highly significant correlation 

to annual precipitation (r 2 = 0.88), and yield 

paleoprecipitation estimates with average errors 

of ±250–280 mm. The approach was validated 

by comparison with published paleoprecipitation 

estimates from other methods. The 

method expands the application of paleoprecipitation 

tools to dry climate systems and in 

this way contributes to the establishment of a 

more comprehensive paleoprecipitation database. 

This method is applied to two highresolution 

time intervals from the European 

Neogene: the early middle Miocene (early 

Langhian) and the early late Miocene (early 

Tortonian). The results indicate that both periods 

show significant meridional precipitation 

gradients in Europe, these being stronger in 

the early Langhian (threefold decrease toward 

the south) than in the early Tortonian (twofold 

decrease toward the south). This pattern indicates 

a strengthening of climatic belts during 

the middle Miocene climatic optimum due to 

Southern Hemisphere cooling and an increased 

contribution of Arctic low-pressure 

cells to the precipitation from the late Miocene 

onward due to Northern Hemisphere cooling. 

鱼类 

2008020430 

侏罗纪和白垩纪新鲨鱼目 ( 软骨鱼类 ) 的多样 

化 = Diversification of the Neoselachii 

(Chondrichthyes) during the Jurassic and Cretaceous. 

( 英文 ). Underwood C J. Paleobiology, 

2006, 32(2): 215-235 

The Neoselachii are a monophyletic group 

including all of the extant sharks and rays. 

They underwent rapid diversification throughout 

the Jurassic and Cretaceous, going from 

low-diversity assemblages of members of extinct 

orders in the Late Triassic to diverse assemblages 

containing representatives of most 

124

extant clades by the end of the Cretaceous. 

The known fossil record of Mesozoic neoselachians 

is composed largely of isolated teeth, 

with articulated skeletal remains being known 

from a limited number of sites. The small 

tooth size of a large proportion of neoselachians, 

including almost all taxa in existence 

prior to the mid Cretaceous, led to very poor 

representation in older publications. Their 

state of knowledge has improved dramatically 

since 1970 with the increased use of bulk 

sampling for isolated dental remains. Despite 

this, the high proportion of Lazarus taxa from 

some stages suggests that the state of knowledge 

is still intermittent. Increase in assemblage 

diversity throughout the Jurassic and 

Cretaceous suggests that radiation events resulted 

in real and dramatic increases in diversity, 

and that the perceived diversification is 

not an artifact of poor knowledge. Cladogenesis 

inferred from the fossil record typically 

compares more favorably with divergence 

predicted from molecular analysis, where Batoidea 

form a discrete basal clade, than with 

divergence predicted from morphological 

analysis, where Batoidea are considered a derived 

crown group within the Squalea. The 

timing of diversification events is discussed in 

light of the known fossil record, cladistically 

generated divergence times, and the paleoenvironmental 

distribution of faunas. 

2008020431 

云南早泥盆世西山村组华南鱼类的首次发 

现 = First discovery of huananaspidae from 

the Xishancun Formation ( Lochkovian, Devonian) 

of Yunnan, China. ( 中文 ). 盖志琨 ; 

朱敏 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 45(1): 1-12 

记述了云南曲靖地区早泥盆世洛霍考夫 

期华南鱼类一新属 — 王冠鱼 (Stephaspis 

gen.nov.)。新属发现于西山村组下部 

致密坚硬的石英砂岩中 , 其主要特征是 : 

个体较大的华南鱼类 , 头甲呈长盾形 , 后 

缘向后凸出 ; 角发育 , 侧向延伸 , 末端向 

头甲后侧方自然倾斜 , 内角不发育 ; 具吻 

突 , 但不甚发育 ; 中背孔较大 , 呈纵向椭 

圆形 , 前端稍尖 , 后端圆钝 ; 眶孔较小 , 

圆形 , 背位 ; 头甲背面具一对背窗 , 呈狭 

长椭圆形 , 靠近头甲侧缘 ; 感觉管系统不 

甚发育 , 仅见后眶上管、侧背管、侧横管 

及背联络管 , 后眶上管呈 V 字形 ; 纹饰为 

细小的粒状瘤点。新属不仅是华南鱼类在 

西山村组的首次发现 , 也指示了目前华南 

鱼类出现的最低层位 , 为探讨华南鱼类的 

起源与早期辐射提供了重要资料。 

2008020432 

浙江和江西二叠 / 三叠系界线以下的软骨鱼 

类微体化石 — 华南二叠 / 三叠系界线上下鱼 

类序列研究之五 = Chondrichthyan microremains 

Under Permian-Triassic boundary both 

in Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, China - 

fifth report on the fish sequence study near the 

Permian-Triassic boundary in South China. 

( 中文 ). 王念忠 ; 朱相水 ; 金帆 ; 王炜 . 古脊椎动 

物学报 , 2007, 45(1): 13-36 

记述了浙江长兴县煤山剖面、江西修水 

县四都乡东岭剖面和信丰县铁石口镇铁石 

口剖面二叠 / 三叠系界线以下的软骨鱼类 10 

个类别的微体化石 , 包含 5 科 6 属 5 种 , 其中 

有 3 新属 5 新种 , 它们是 : 刘氏煤山鲨 

(Meishanselache liui gen. et sp. nov.)、王氏 

长兴鲨 (Changxing selache wangi gen. et sp. 

nov.) 、东岭中华尖齿鲨 (Sinacrodus 

donglingensis gen. et sp. nov.)、修水滑齿鲨 

(Lissodus xiushuiensis sp. nov.) 和江西多尖齿 

鲨 (Polyacrodus jiangxiensis sp. nov.). 浙、赣 

两省的这批软骨鱼类微体化石显示两个特 

点 : 组成以弓鲛超科化石为主 ; 发现于特提斯 

区三叠纪的鲨类与发现于中国南方晚二叠 

世的鲨类具有密切的亲缘关系 . 这是包含全 

球二叠 / 三叠系界线层型剖面和点位 (GSSP) 

在内的全球二叠 / 三叠系界线以下软骨鱼类 

微体化石序列的首次报道 . 软骨鱼类是我国 

鱼类化石研究中最为薄弱的一个环节 , 本文 

化石的记述大大地填补了这个薄弱环节 . 

爬行类 

2008020433 

‘Sinemys’Wuerhoensis 的类型系列 , 中国 

早白垩世一存疑海龟 , 包括至少三种分类 

群 = The type series of ‘Sinemys’Wuerhoensis, 

a problematic Turtle from 

the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at 

least three taxa. ( 英文 ). Danilov I G; Parham J 

F. Palaeontology, 2007, 50(2): 431-444 

We re-examine the type series of ‘Sinemys’wuerhoensis 

Yeh (at least 20 specimens, 

including several shells and skulls on three 

slabs of matrix and one isolated skull) from 

the Early Cretaceous Tugulu Group of China. 

Our study shows that the type series of 

‘S.’wuerhoensis is actually a chimera made up 

of at least three distinct taxa. The holotype of 

this taxon should be assigned to the basal 

eucryptodire genus Xinjiangchelys Yeh. As 

125

there are no characters that distinguish 

‘S.’wuerhoensis from Xinjiangchelys species, 

we consider it to be a nomen dubium. This 

new assignment of ‘S.’wuerhoensis expands 

the temporal range of Xinjiangchelys from the 

Late Jurassic into the Early Cretaceous in Asia. 

The majority of the paratypes of 

‘S.’wuerhoensis (several shells in dorsal and 

ventral aspect and skulls) are referred to the 

basal eucryptodire genus Ordosemys Brinkman 

and Peng. We establish a new name for 

these specimens, Ordosemys brinkmania sp. 

nov. One additional specimen in the type series 

of ‘S.’wuerhoensis, a skull, is referred to 

cf. Pantrionychia Joyce, Parham and Gauthier 

indet. 

2008020434 

美国堪萨斯晚白垩世 Niobrara 组一具近乎 

完整的 Ctenochelys Stenoporus 幼年标本 = 

An almost complete Juvenile specimen of The 

Cheloniid Turtle Ctenochelys Stenoporus 

(Hay, 1905) from the upper Cretaceous Niobrara 

Formation of Kansas, USA. ( 英文 ). 

Matzke A T. Palaeontology, 2007, 50(3): 669- 

691 

A new, unusually well-preserved juvenile 

specimen of Ctenochelys stenoporus from the 

Niobrara Formation is described. The skull 

has come apart at its sutures and all bones of 

the braincase and ear region are preserved 

three-dimensionally. This allows a detailed 

reconstruction of the important brain structures 

of a basal juvenile cheloniid turtle. It is 

compared with adult Ctenochelys specimens, 

and the major ontogenetic changes in the skull 

and postcranial skeleton are described. Furthermore, 

the specimen is compared with 

other fossil and extant cheloniids with wellknown 

braincases and the differences between 

basal and advanced cheloniids turtles are 

specified. 

2008020435 

非鸟兽足类恐龙能游泳吗 ? 来自西班牙拉 

里奥哈卡迈汝斯盆地早白垩世行迹的支持 

证据 = Were non-avian theropod dinosaurs 

able to swim? Supportive evidence from an 

Early Cretaceous trackway, Cameros Basin 

(La Rioja, Spain). ( 英文 ). Ezquerra R; Doublet 

S; Costeur L; Galton P M; Pérez-Lorente 

F. Geology, 2007, 35(6): 507-510 

A fundamental question remaining unanswered 

in dinosaur behavior is whether they 

had the ability to swim. We report the discovery 

of an exceptional swimming dinosaur 

trackway, with 12 consecutive footprints, in 

lacustrine nearshore sediment from the Early 

Cretaceous Cameros Basin, La Rioja, Spain. 

The singular morphology of these footprints 

strongly suggests a floating animal clawing the 

sediment as it swam. Diagnostic traits of theropod 

dinosaur footprints are identifiable in 

these peculiar elongated S-shaped ichnites. 

Paleoenvironmental reconstruction indicates 

an upper shoreface setting with a maximum 

water depth of 3 m, substantiating the swimming 

hypothesis. Ichnological analysis of the 

trackway shows that this theropod used a pelvic 

paddle motion, similar to that of modern 

bipeds, and swam with amplified asymmetrical 

walking movements to maintain direction 

into a leftward water current. After recent 

hints of swimming dinosaurs, this new evidence 

persuasively demonstrates that some 

non-avian theropod dinosaurs were swimmers. 

2008020436 

对 Chilean 翼龙的重新解释以及 

Dsungaripteridae 科在南美的发现 = Reinterpretation 

of a Chilean pterosaur and the 

occurrence of Dsungaripteridae in South 

America. ( 英文 ). Martill D M; Frey E; Diaz C; 

Bell C M. Geological Magazine, 2000, 137(1): 

19-25 

A fragmentary specimen of pterosaur originally 

assigned to the genus Pterodaustro 

Bonaparte, 1970 is reassessed. The presence 

of a sagittal dorsal cranial crest on a fragment 

of nasopre-orbital arcade with linear vertical 

trabeculae and the occurrence of alveolar protuberances 

on the os dentale indicate the new 

specimen has similarities with crested pterodactyloid 

pterosaurs of the family Ctenochasmatidae, 

and with members of the Dsungaripteridae. 

The presence of alveolar protuberances 

allows us to assign the specimen to the 

Dsungaripteridae. It forms the basis of a new 

genus and species, Domeykodactylus ceciliae. 

2008020437 

一个新的中国标本指示早白垩世兽足恐龙 

Sinosauropteryx 的 “ 原始羽毛 ” 是退化的骨 

胶原纤维 = A new Chinese specimen indicates 

that ‘protofeathers’ in the Early Cretaceous 

theropod dinosaur Sinosauropteryx are 

degraded collagen fibres. ( 英文 ). Lingham- 

Soliar T; Feduccia A; Wang Xiaolin. Proceedings 

of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 

2007, 274(1620): 1823-1829 

Alleged primitive feathers or protofeathers 

in the theropod dinosaur Sinosauropteryx have 

126

potentially profound implications concerning 

feather morphogenesis, evolution of flight, 

dinosaur physiology and perhaps even the origin 

of birds, yet their existence has never been 

adequately documented. We report on a new 

specimen of Sinosauropteryx which shows 

that the integumental structures proposed as 

protofeathers are the remains of structural fibres 

that provide toughness. The preservation 

in the proximal tail area reveals an architecture 

of closely associated bands of fibres parallel 

to the tail's long axis, which originate 

from the skin. In adjacent more exposed areas, 

the fibres are short, fragmented and disorganized. 

Fibres preserved dorsal to the neck and 

back and in the distal part of the tail are the 

remains of a stiffening system of a frill, peripheral 

to the body and extending from the 

head to the tip of the tail. These findings are 

confirmed in the holotype Sinosauropteryx 

and NIGP 127587. The fibres show a striking 

similarity to the structure and levels of organization 

of dermal collagen. The proposal that 

these fibres are protofeathers is dismissed. 

2008020438 

利用演化的人工智能测定恐龙最大奔跑速 

度 = Estimating dinosaur maximum running 

speeds using evolutionary robotics. ( 英文 ). 

Sellers W I; Manning P L. Proceedings of the 

Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2007, 

274(1626): 2711-2716 

Maximum running speed is an important 

locomotor parameter for many animals— 

predators as well as prey—and is thus of interest 

to palaeobiologists wishing to reconstruct 

the behavioural ecology of extinct species. 

A variety of approaches have been tried 

in the past including anatomical comparisons, 

bone scaling and strength, safety factors and 

ground reaction force analyses. However, 

these approaches are all indirect and an alternative 

approach is to create a musculoskeletal 

model of the animal and see how fast it can 

run. The major advantage of this approach is 

that all assumptions about the animal's morphology 

and physiology are directly addressed, 

whereas the exact same assumptions are hidden 

in the indirect approaches. In this paper, 

we present simple musculoskeletal models of 

three extant and five extinct bipedal species. 

The models predict top speed in the extant 

species with reasonably good agreement with 

accepted values, so we conclude that the values 

presented for the five extinct species are 

reasonable predictions given the modelling 

assumptions made. Improved musculoskeletal 

models and better estimates of soft tissue parameters 

will produce more accurate values. 

Limited sensitivity analysis is performed on 

key muscle parameters but there is considerable 

scope for extending this in the future. 

2008020439 

巴山酋龙的颌骨 ( 英文 ) = The jaw of Datousaurus 

bashanensis Dong and Tang,1984. 

( 英文 ). 曹幼枢 ; 尤海鲁 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 

39(3): 391-395 1 图版 . 

巴山酋龙 (Datousaurus bashanensis Dong 

andT ang, 1984) 是四川盆地大山铺中侏罗世 

蜥脚类恐龙 , 亦称大头龙。其主要特征之一 

为硕壮的头骨。文中对保存于重庆自然博 

物馆的酋龙上下颌骨新材料进行较详细的 

记述。保存的前上颌骨长、高 ( 前端 )、厚分 

别为 120mm, 125mm 和 40mm; 上颌骨长为 

280mm; 下颌齿骨高为 145mm。估计每侧 

上、下颌齿数分别为 14 和 12 枚。牙齿粗 

大 , 勺状 , 排列紧密。推测头骨长可达 67cm, 

是已知蜥脚类恐龙中最硕大的。与大山铺 

同一地点其它蜥脚类相 , 巴山酋龙的颌骨也 

不尽相同 , 为进一步探讨其食性及古环境提 

供新的线索。 

2008020440 

贵州中三叠世长颈龙属 ( 原龙目 : 长颈龙 

科 )- 幼年个体 = A Juvenile tanystropheus sp. 

(protorosauria, Tanystropheidae)from the 

Middle Triassic of Guizhou, China. ( 中文 ). 李 

淳 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 45(1): 37-42 

记述了贵州兴义法郎组竹杆坡段 ( 中三 

叠世拉丁期 ) 长颈龙属未定种 

(Tanystropheus sp.) 一幼年个体的不完 

整骨架。这是该属在欧洲和中东以外的首 

次发现。新材料仅保存部分颈椎、躯干和 

前肢。根据特殊的颈椎形态将该标本归入 

长颈龙属 , 而区别于另一种长颈的海生原 

龙类 — 东方恐头龙 (Dinocephalosaurus 

orientalis)。新标本的腕骨形态简单 , 骨 

化程度弱 , 表明长颈龙是终生水生的动 

物。“ 长颈、长颈肋 ” 见于多种不同海生爬 

行动物 ( 如原龙类、初龙类 ), 它们很可 

能都以 “ 吞吸 ” 的方式捕食。长颈龙化石在 

我国的发现进一步验证了中国南方三叠纪 

海生爬行动物群与欧洲西特提斯动物群 

( western Tethyan fauna ) 之间的密切关 

系。 

2008020441 

127

豫西栾川地区晚白垩世秋扒组一新的驰龙 

类化石 = New dromaeosaurid dinosaur from 

the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation of 

Luanchuan area, western Henan, China. ( 英 

文 ). 吕君昌 ; 徐莉 ; 张兴辽 ; 季强 ; 贾松海 ; 胡卫 

勇 ; 张继明 ; 吴炎华 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(7): 

777-786 

根据以下特征 , 建立驰龙类恐龙一新属新 

种 -- 河南栾川盗龙 (Luanchuanraptor henanensis 

gen. et sp. nov): 牙齿后缘每 5 mm 

有 24 个小锯齿 ; 前部背椎椎体具有小的椎体 

侧孔 ; 后部脉弧的前后突短且为三分支 ; 最后 

部的尾椎体的椎体前突拉长且包裹与其相 

邻的前部椎体 , 两椎体前突之间夹有低的刀 

片状的神经棘 ; 乌喙骨的内面强烈凹陷 ; 肱骨 

骨干直 , 肱骨三角脊几乎占肱骨长度的前部 

一半 . 河南栾川盗龙代表除在亚洲戈壁地区 

及中国东北地区之外发现的第一件驰龙类 

化石标本 . 

2008020442 

中生代恐龙的丰度 = Shape of Mesozoic dinosaur 

richness. ( 英文 ). Fastovsky D E; 

Huang Yifan; Hsu Jason; Martin-McNaughton 

J; Sheehan P M; Weishampel D B. Geology, 

2004, 32(10): 877-880 

The richness of Mesozoic Dinosauria is 

examined through the use of a new global database. 

Mesozoic dinosaurs show a steadily 

increasing rate of diversification, in part attributable 

to the development of new innovations 

driving an increasing variety of behavioral 

strategies. The data do not suggest that 

dinosaurs were decreasing in richness leading 

to extinction during the last 10 m.y. of the 

Cretaceous. Refinement of the dating of dinosaur 

fossils, rather than the collection of more 

dinosaurs, is the best way to resolve globally 

the rate of the Cretaceous-Tertiary dinosaur 

extinction. 

2008020443 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚北部上白垩统一个短颈 

的蛇颈龙 = A short-necked plesiosaur (Plesiosauroidea, 

Polycotylidae) from the Upper 

Cretaceous of North Patagonia. ( 英文 ). 

Salgado L; Parras A; Gasparini Z. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 349-358 

Allen Formation (late Campanian-early 

Maastrichtian; Upper Cretaceous), at Loma 

Puntuda locality, Salitral de Santa Rosa, Rio 

Negro Province, Argentina, are described. 

Some anatomical features, such as the amphicoelous 

vertebral centres higher rather than 

longer, a ring surrounding the posterior articular 

surface of the cervical vertebrae, a ventral 

keel in the cervical vertebrae, the cervical neural 

spines expanded distally and probably inclined 

posteriorly, and the lateral surfaces of 

the dorsal bodies strongly compressed, justify 

their assignation to the Polycotylidae, a shortnecked 

plesiosauroid group relatively frequent 

in the Upper Cretaceous of North America. 

This is the first record of postcranial remains 

of a polycotylid in South America, where 

these plesiosaurs were known only by cranial 

and mandibular remains (assigned to Sulcusuchus 

erraini Gasparini and Spalletti) 

found in equivalent stratigraphic levels (Campanian-Maastrichtian), 

in the Chubut and Rio 

Negro Provinces. 

2008020444 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚下古新统 Eocaiman 一 

新种 = A new species of Eocaiman Simpson 

(Crocodylia, Alligatoridae) from the Lower 

Paleocene of Patagonia. ( 其他 ). Bona P. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 435-445 

Eocaiman Simpson represents one of the 

few known taxa of alligatorids from the Paleogene 

of South America. This genus is accurately 

recorded in Patagonia in the late Eocene, 

with E. cavernensis Simpson, and in the middle 

Miocene in the area of La Venta, Colombia, 

with Eocaiman sp. In this paper a new 

species, Eocaiman palaeocenicus sp. nov., 

from the upper levels of the Salamanca Formation 

(Lower Paleocene) is described on the 

basis of new remains recently found in the 

coastal zone of the province of Chubut, Argentina. 

The Alligatoridae are poorly represented 

in the Paleogene in South America and 

they have not been recorded in the upper Cretaceous 

in this continent. However, the presence 

of E. palaeocenicus sp. nov. in the Lower 

Paleocene of Patagonia supports the hypothesis 

of an early diversification of Caimaninae in 

South America. 

2008020445 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚白垩纪蜥脚类恐龙胚胎 

中前眶膜孔的思考 = Considerations for the 

preantoribital fenestra in sauropod dinosaur 

embryos in the Cretaceous period in Patagonia. 

( 其他 ). Garcia R A. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 

467-471 

2008020446 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚北部白垩纪原始鸟脚类 

恐龙新记录 = New records of basal ornitho- 

128

pod dinosaurs in the Cretaceous of North 

Patagonia. ( 英文 ). Coria R A; Cambiaso A V; 

Salgado L. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 473- 

477 

2008020447 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚中侏罗统一破碎的兽足 

类头骨 = A fragmentary theropod skull from 

the Middle Jurassic of Patagonia. ( 英文 ). 

Rauhut O W M. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 

479-483 

2008020448 

阿根廷内乌肯盆地北部白垩纪一新鳖 = A 

new Cretaceous chelid turtle from the northern 

Neuquen Basin, Argentina. ( 英文 ). De la 

Fuente M S; Calvo J O; Riga B J G. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 485-492 

鸟类 

2008020449 

法国南部、北美和阿根廷白垩纪的大型 

euenantiornithine 类 = Large euenantiornithine 

birds from the Cretaceous of southern 

France, North America and Argentina. ( 英文 ). 

Walker C A; Buffetaut E; Dyke G J. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(6): 977-986 

We review historical approaches to the systematics 

of Enantiornithes, the dominant birds 

of the second half of the Mesozoic, and describe 

the forelimb remains of a new Cretaceous 

euenantiornithine. This taxon is known 

on the basis of fossil specimens collected from 

southern France, Argentina and the United 

States; such a wide geographical distribution 

is uncharacteristic for Enantiornithes as most 

taxa are known from single localities. Fossils 

from the Massecaps locality close to the village 

of Cruzy (Hérault, southern France), in 

combination with elements from New Mexico 

(USA) and from the Argentine locality of El 

Brete (Salta Province) testify to the global 

distribution of large flighted euenantiornithine 

birds in the Late Cretaceous. We discuss the 

systematics and taxonomy of additional isolated 

bones of Enantiornithes that were collected 

from the Argentine El Brete locality in 

the 1970s; the presence of these flying birds in 

Cretaceous rocks on both sides of the equator, 

in both northern and southern hemispheres, 

further demonstrates the ubiquity of this avian 

lineage by the latter stages of the Mesozoic. 

2008020450 

在大美洲交换时期北美晚新近纪恐怖鸟 

(Titanis) 的时代修订 = Revised age of the 

late Neogene terror bird (Titanis) in North 

America during the Great American Interchange. 

( 英文 ). MacFadden B J; Labs- 

Hochstein J; Hulbert R C Jr; Baskin J A. Geology, 

2007, 35(2): 123-126 

The giant flightless terror bird Titanis 

walleri is known from Florida and Texas during 

the late Neogene. The age of T. walleri is 

problematic because this taxon co-occurs with 

temporally mixed (i.e., time-averaged) faunas 

at two key sites. Thus, prior to this study, T. 

walleri from the Santa Fe River, Florida (type 

locality), was either as old as late Pliocene (ca. 

2.2 Ma) or as young as latest Pleistocene (ca. 

15 ka). Likewise, T. walleri from the Nueces 

River, Texas, was either early Pliocene (ca. 5 

Ma) or latest Pleistocene (ca. 15 ka). In order 

to better resolve this age range, the rare earth 

element (REE) patterns of T. walleri from the 

Santa Fe River, Florida, were compared to two 

biochronologically distinctive groups (late 

Pliocene versus late Pleistocene) of fossil 

mammals from the same locality. Similarly, 

the REE patterns of T. walleri from Texas 

were compared to two groups (early Pliocene 

versus latest Pleistocene) of fossil mammals 

from the same locality. The REE patterns of T. 

walleri from Florida are indistinguishable 

from those of the co-occurring late Pliocene 

mammals. Likewise, the REE pattern of T. 

walleri from Texas is indistinguishable from 

those of the co-occurring early Pliocene 

mammals. Given these REE constraints, the 

revised age of T. walleri is early Pliocene in 

Texas (ca. 5 Ma) and late Pliocene (ca. 2.2–1.8 

Ma) in Florida. As such, T. walleri is interpreted 

as an early immigrant during the Great 

American Interchange prior to the formation 

of the Isthmian land bridge. No evidence currently 

exists for Pleistocene T. walleri in North 

America. 

2008020451 

关于辽西孔子鸟层时代的讨论 = A discussion 

on the age of the feathered dinosaurs 

bearing beds of Liaoning, China. ( 中文 ). 蒋福 

兴 ; 陈金华 ; 曹美珍 ; 小松俊文 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(2): 307-311 

SwisherⅢ 等报道的辽西孔子鸟层同位素 

年龄 (124.6Ma) 的准确性存在可疑处 , 其取样 

点地层受后期侵入岩床的烘烤 , 因此 “ 巴列 

姆期 ” 的时代结论不可靠 ; 罗清华等的取样 

点和数据 (147Ma) 较为可信。对义县组动物 

群与欧洲 Solnhofen 层动物群的对比讨论 , 

表明两生物群基本同时代 (Tithonian 期 ), 并 

不是 “ 超过 20Ma” 的 “ 长寿动物群 ”。 

129

2008020452 

阿根廷丘布特早中新世 Gaiman 组 

Palaeospheniscus biloculata nov. comb. 的系 

统分类修订 = Systematic revision of Palaeospheniscus 

biloculata (Simpson) nov comb. 

(Aves, Spheniscidae) from the Gaiman Formation 

(Early Miocene), Chubut, Argentina. 

( 英文 ). Hospitaleche C A. Ameghiniana, 2007, 

44(2): 417-426 

An articulated skeleton coming from sediments 

of the Gaiman Formation (Early Miocene), 

Chubut Province, Argentina assigned to 

Palaeospheniscus biloculata (Simpson) nov. 

comb. is described. The original diagnosis of 

this genus and species is emended. Eretiscus 

tonnii (Simpson), Palaeospheniscus bergi Moreno 

and Mercerat, P. patagonicus Moreno 

and Mercerat and P. biloculata (Simpson) nov. 

comb. are included in the "Palaeospheniscinae" 

group, whose distribution is restricted to 

the Neogene of South America. 

哺乳类 

2008020453 

海滩上的骨骼 : 墨西哥科罗拉多三角洲海 

洋哺乳动物化石埋葬学 = Bones on the 

beach: marine mammal taphonomy of the 

Colorado Delta, Mexico. ( 英文 ). Liebig P M; 

Taylor T S A; Flessa K W. Palaios, 2003, 

18(2): 168-175 

How well does a death assemblage of 

marine mammal bones reflect the diversity, 

species composition, and proportion of bone 

types in the living fauna? Marine mammal 

remains were surveyed along the beaches of 

the Colorado River delta, Baja California, 

Mexico. Three carcasses and 470 bones were 

found among 112 localities along 4.0 km of 

shoreline. The location of each site was recorded 

and each bone was identified, photographed, 

and measured and its taphonomic 

condition was noted. The proportion of bone 

types found was compared to the proportions 

known in living marine mammals. The list of 

species found as bones was compared to the 

list of species known to live in the northern 

Gulf of California. 

The maximum skeletal ratio of skull: vertebrae:ribs: 

phalanges: girdles/limbs in a typical 

Gulf of California marine mammal is 

1:74:30:56:16. The 28 skulls and 442 postcranial 

bones found provided a skeletal ratio 

of 1:12:3:1:1. Although vertebrae are the most 

common bones in the bone assemblage, only 

316 were found, not the 2,000 predicted by the 

28 skulls, indicating that vertebrae are underrepresented. 

Therefore, skulls provide the best 

estimate of the minimum number of individuals. 

Smaller bones appear to be more easily 

destroyed, buried, or transported away. Most 

vertebrae were in good condition, suggesting 

that most bones arrived on the beach recently. 

Remains of 8 of the 18 species recorded in the 

northern Gulf were found: Zalophus californianus 

(California Sea Lion, 8 skulls), Delphinus 

delphis (Common Dolphin, 7 skulls), 

Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose Dolphin, 6 

skulls), Phocoena sinus (Vaquita, four skulls), 

Pseudorca crassidens (False Killer Whale, one 

skull), Kogia breviceps (Pygmy Sperm Whale, 

one skull), and a possible Mesoplodon sp. 

(Beaked Whale, one skull). One Physeter 

macrocephalus (Sperm Whale) was identified 

by its large vertebrae. 

Differences in population size, habitat 

use, and behavior among species may affect 

species composition and abundance within the 

bone assemblage. Migrants and rare species 

are not as abundant as residents in the bone 

assemblage. Coastal species are more common 

than oceanic ones. 

Marine mammal remains are common 

within the 3% of Colorado Delta shoreline 

surveyed, and provide a remarkably good 

sample of the living fauna. Surveys of mammal 

remains may be a valuable and costeffective 

supplement to aerial and nautical 

surveys of the live fauna. 

2008020454 

通过低倍立体显微镜恢复佛罗里达州古象 

Mammut americanum 的食谱 = Reconstructing 

the palaeodiet of Florida Mammut 

americanum via low-magnification stereomicroscopy. 

( 英文 ). Jeremy L. Green; Gina M. 

Semprebon; Nikos Solounias. Palaeogeography 

Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2005, 

223(1-2): 34-48 

A large sample (N = 76) of Pleistocene 

mastodon (Mammut americanum) teeth from a 

variety of localities in Florida were analyzed 

for dental enamel microwear features via lowmagnification 

stereomicroscopy. Second upper 

and lower molars were used for dental 

dietary reconstruction purposes to allow comparison 

of results to an extensive molar microwear 

database comprised of extant taxa 

with well-studied diets. Deciduous premolars 

and permanent molars were tested for consistency 

of enamel scar patterns. We used both 

Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests to 

test for differences across the tooth row in: (1) 

130

average pit frequency, (2) average scratch frequency, 

(3) scratch textural properties, and 

presence or absence of (4) gouges, (5) large 

pits, and (6) cross scratches. Of these variables, 

only the gouges showed significant betweentooth 

differences at p < .05. A Mann–Whitney 

test reveals that the anterior-most premolar 

(DP2) has significantly fewer gouges than do 

the other cheek teeth (especially the molars), 

but that there are no significant differences in 

gouging between any other pair of teeth. This 

difference may reflect ontogenetic dietary 

change but needs to be studied further. 

2008020455 

对剑齿虎高精度建模 , 通过高分辨率三维 

电脑模拟现示出 Smilodon fatalis 的捕食行 

为 = Supermodeled sabercat, predatory behavior 

in Smilodon fatalis revealed by highresolution 

3D computer simulation. ( 英文 ). 

McHenry C R; Wroe S; Clausen P D; Moreno 

K; Cunningham E. proceedings of the National 

Academy of Sciences, 2007, 104(41): 

16010-16015 4 图版 . 

The American sabercat Smilodon fatalis is 

among the most charismatic of fossil carnivores. 

Despite broad agreement that its extraordinary 

anatomy reflects unique hunting 

techniques, after >150 years of study, many 

questions remain concerning its predatory behavior. 

Were the "sabers" used to take down 

large prey? Were prey killed with an eviscerating 

bite to the abdomen? Was its bite powerful 

or weak compared with that of modern big 

cats? Here we quantitatively assess the sabercat's 

biomechanical performance using the 

most detailed computer reconstructions yet 

developed for the vertebrate skull. Our results 

demonstrate that bite force driven by jaw muscles 

was relatively weak in S. fatalis, one-third 

that of a lion (Panthera leo) of comparable 

size, and its skull was poorly optimized to resist 

the extrinsic loadings generated by struggling 

prey. Its skull is better optimized for 

bites on restrained prey where the bite is augmented 

by force from the cervical musculature. 

We conclude that prey were brought to ground 

and restrained before a killing bite, driven in 

large part by powerful cervical musculature. 

Because large prey is easier to restrain if its 

head is secured, the killing bite was most 

likely directed to the neck. We suggest that the 

more powerful jaw muscles of P. leo may be 

required for extended, asphyxiating bites and 

that the relatively low bite forces in S. fatalis 

might reflect its ability to kill large prey more 

quickly, avoiding the need for prolonged bites. 

2008020456 

中国古近纪哺乳动物辐射的主要事件 = 

Major events of Paleogene mammal radiation 

in China. ( 英文 ). Wang Yuanqing; Meng Jin; 

Ni Xijun; Li Chuankui. Geological Journal, 

2007, 42(3-4): 415 - 430 

On the basis of mammalian biostratigraphical 

study, the Paleogene was subdivided 

into 11 land mammal ages in China: the Paleocene 

Shanghuan, Nongshanian and 

Gashatan; the Eocene Lingchan, Arshantan, 

Irdinmanhan, Sharamurunian, Naduan and 

Ulangochuan; and the Oligocene Ulantatalian 

and Tabenbulukian. Biostratigraphical correlation 

with North American Land Mammal 

Ages, plus some palaeomagnetic, isotopic and 

radiometric results, established the indirect 

connection with the international time scale. 

Under this biochronological framework, the 

compositional change of mammalian faunas 

and the evolution of major groups are discussed. 

Three stages are recognized in the Paleogene 

mammalian radiation: (1) the Paleocene 

flourishing of archaic groups, (2) the Eocene 

rising and development of modern major 

groups and (3) the Oligocene faunal reorganization. 

During the Paleocene, the mammalian 

radiation was dominated by the archaic groups 

and the faunas showed apparent endemism. 

The radiation was characterized by faunal 

turnovers due to the flourishing of different 

families in archaic groups. During this period, 

ancestral forms of modern glires emerged and 

the first Rodentiaformes appeared in the late 

Late Paleocene. Such faunal changes corresponded 

to the successive rise of temperature 

after the transition from the Mesozoic to the 

Cenozoic. The Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum 

resulted in a significant decrease of the 

archaic groups and the faunal composition 

became more similar to that of modern ones. 

At the beginning of the Eocene, Artiodactyla 

and Euprimates appeared and Rodentia and 

Perissodactyla began to differentiate. During 

the Eocene, Mixodontia, Arctostylopidae, Dinocerata, 

Pantodonta, Tillodontia and Creodonta 

disappeared in succession. Perissodactyla 

became the dominant group in the faunas. 

The faunal turnovers were characterized by 

the alteration of dominant families due to the 

appearance, differentiation and flourishing of 

families in modern orders. The severe cooling 

events at the Eocene-Oligocene transition resulted 

in the development of open grassland, 

that further contributed to the great mammalian 

faunal turnover. The perissodactyl- 

131

dominant Eocene faunas were replaced by the 

rodent/lagomorph-dominant Oligocene faunas. 

The appearance and radiation of hypsodont 

mammal groups characterized the mammalian 

evolution in the Oligocene. 

2008020457 

Florida 和 California 中新世 C3 植物主导 

的群落中有蹄类资源分割的同位素识别 = 

Isotopic discrimination of resource partitioning 

among ungulates in C3-dominated communities 

from the Miocene of Florida and 

California. ( 英文 ). Feranec R S; MacFadden 

B J. Paleobiology, 2006, 32(2): 191-205 

Stable isotope analysis of mammalian tooth 

enamel is a valuable method for examining 

resource partitioning in modern and ancient 

environments where there is a mixture of C 3 

and C 4 plants. However, before 7 Ma North 

American ecosystems were composed predominantly 

of C 3 plants, complicating isotopic 

assessment of resource partitioning. Study of 

modern African and North American ecosystems 

has shown that niche partitioning among 

mammals may be discerned in communities 

dominated by C 3 plants, suggesting that a 

similar approach may work for ancient C 3 ecosystems. 

Here, such analyses are applied to 

explore resource use and niche partitioning in 

two ancient C 3 -dominated communities, one 

from California and one from Florida. Each 

locality, Black Hawk Ranch (California) and 

the Love Bone Bed (Florida), occurs in Miocene 

deposits that accumulated prior to the 

rapid increase in C 4 ecosystems 7 Myr ago. 

13 C and 18 O values were obtained from the 

tooth enamel of eight species from Black 

Hawk Ranch, and 15 species from the Love 

Bone Bed. Results from the 197 bulk isotope 

samples showed significant differences in 13 C 

among taxa at the Love Bone Bed, but no significant 

differences were observed among taxa 

at Black Hawk Ranch. At both localities, 

equids generally have more positive 13 C values 

than co-occurring taxa, suggesting that 

equids occupied more open habitats, whereas 

antilocaprids, camelids, and proboscideans 

have more negative values, implying utilization 

of more closed communities. One result 

of note is the positive 13 C values of Pediomeryx 

(Yumaceras) hamiltoni from the Love 

Bone Bed, which suggests that P. (Y.) hamiltoni 

incorporated abundant fiber, possibly 

grass, in the diet similar to the horses from 

this locality. The lack of significant differences 

among taxa at Black Hawk Ranch may 

indicate a relatively homogeneous flora, or 

presence of abundant resources permitting 

niche overlap, whereas the opposite is implied 

by the presence of significantly different isotope 

values among taxa at the Love Bone Bed. 

The results from this study highlight the utility 

of isotopic techniques allowing discernment of 

resource partitioning in C 3 -dominated landscapes 

such as those that persisted for the millions 

of years before the rapid increase in C 4 

ecosystems that occurred during the late Miocene. 

2008020458 

欧洲化石哺乳类的频谱排序和生物年代学 

= Spectral ordering and biochronology of 

European fossil mammals. ( 英文 ). Fortelius M; 

Gionis A; Jernvall J; Mannila H. Paleobiology, 

2006, 32(2): 206-214 

Spectral algorithms have been shown to 

work well in a wide range of situations that 

involve the task of ordering. When applied to 

the localities of a set of European Neogene 

land mammal taxa, spectral ordering relies 

almost entirely on the most common genera, 

depends on connectivity more than on length 

of taxon lists, and is robust to noise from rarer 

and less connected taxa. The spectral coefficients 

for localities are highly correlated with 

known geochronological ages. Although elementary 

compared with more sophisticated 

biochronological tools, spectral ordering allows 

a fast and standardized way to generate 

biochronological ordering of localities when 

other information than faunal lists is lacking. 

Compared with the conventional mammal 

Neogene (MN) units, spectral ordering of localities 

appears to lack distinct temporal 

boundaries in taxon content and render a much 

lower count of Lazarus events. If, as seems to 

be the case, biochronology depends mainly on 

the most common taxa and if evolutionary 

change is also most clearly reflected in them, 

then the main evolutionary patterns should be 

detectable at a modest level of sampling. 

2008020459 

马科动物高冠齿的演化 : 检验一个适应假说 

= Evolution of hypsodonty in equids: testing a 

hypothesis of adaptation. ( 英文 ). Strömberg C 

A E. Paleobiology, 2006, 32(2): 236-258 

The independent acquisition of highcrowned 

cheek teeth (hypsodonty) in several 

ungulate lineages (e.g., camels, equids, rhinoceroses) 

in the early to middle Miocene of 

North America has classically been used as an 

indication that savanna vegetation spread during 

this time. Implicit in this interpretation is 

132

the untested assumption that hypsodonty was 

an evolutionary response to feeding in open 

habitats, either due to a change in food source 

(from browse to graze) or to increased incorporation 

of airborne grit in the diet. I examined 

the adaptive explanation for hypsodonty 

in equids using criteria pertaining to process 

and pattern of adaptations set up in the comparative-methods 

literature. Specifically, I 

tested whether hypsodonty appeared coincident 

with or just after the spread of open, 

grass-dominated habitats in the Great Plains of 

North America. 

Phytolith (plant opal) analysis of 99 phytolith 

assemblages extracted from sediment 

samples from Montana/Idaho, Nebraska/Wyoming, 

and Colorado were used to 

establish the first continuous record of middle 

Eocene–late Miocene vegetation change in the 

northern to Central Great Plains. This record 

was compared with the fossil record of equids 

from the same area in a phylogenetic framework. 

The study showed that habitats dominated 

by C 3 grasses were established in the 

Central Great Plains by early late Arikareean 

(21.9 Ma), at least 4 Myr prior to the emergence 

of hypsodont equids (Equinae). Nevertheless, 

the adaptive hypothesis for hypsodonty 

in equids could not be rejected, because 

the earliest savanna-woodlands roughly 

co-occurred with members of the grade constituting 

the closest outgroups to Equinae 

("Parahippus") showing mesodont dentition. 

Explanations for the slow evolution of full 

hypsodonty may include weak and changing 

selection pressures and/or phylogenetic inertia. 

These results suggest that care should be taken 

when using functional morphology alone to 

reconstruct habitat change. 

2008020460 

澳大利亚东南部哺乳动物对更新世气候变 

化的反映 = Mammalian responses to Pleistocene 

climate change in southeastern Australia. 

( 英文 ). Prideaux G J; Roberts R G; Megirian 

D; Westaway K E; Hellstrom J C; Olley J M. 

Geology, 2007, 35(1): 33-36 

Resolving faunal responses to Pleistocene 

climate change is vital for differentiating 

human impacts from other drivers of ecological 

change. While 90% of Australia's large 

mammals were extinct by ca. 45 ka, their responses 

to glacial-interglacial cycling have 

remained unknown, due to a lack of rigorous 

biostratigraphic studies and the rarity of terrestrial 

climatic records that can be related directly 

to faunal records. We present an analysis 

of faunal data from the Naracoorte Caves 

in southeastern Australia, which are unique 

not only because of the species richness and 

time-depth of the assemblages that they contain, 

but also because this faunal record is directly 

comparable with a 500 k.y. speleothembased 

record of local effective moisture. Our 

data reveal that, despite significant population 

fluctuations driven by glacial-interglacial cycling, 

the species composition of the mammal 

fauna was essentially stable for 500 k.y. before 

the late Pleistocene extinctions. Larger species 

declined during a drier interval between 270 

and 220 ka, likely reflecting range contractions 

away from Naracoorte, but they then 

recovered locally, persisting well into the late 

Pleistocene. Because the speleothem record 

and prior faunal response imply that local 

conditions should have been favorable for 

megafauna until at least 30 ka, climate change 

is unlikely to have been the principal cause of 

the extinctions. 

2008020461 

古代动物 diets 指示在 ca. 7 Ma 之后西藏南 

部有意义的上升 = Ancient diets indicate significant 

uplift of southern Tibet after ca. 7 Ma. 

( 英文 ). Wang Yang; Deng Tao; Biasatti D. 

Geology, 2006, 34(4): 309-312 

The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau plays a 

critical role in controlling global climate, yet 

the history of the Tibetan uplift is still a contentious 

issue. In particular, the elevation of 

the plateau during the Neogene—a crucial 

period in the development of the Asian monsoons 

and C 4 ecosystems—remains uncertain. 

Here we present carbon isotopic evidence, 

preserved in tooth enamel from 7-m.y.-old 

horses and rhinos from the high Himalayas, 

which indicates that, unlike modern herbivores 

in the area, these ancient mammals ate 

substantial amounts of C 4 grasses. The presence 

of significant amounts of C 4 grasses in 

the diets of these ancient mammals indicates 

that the climate in the area was much warmer 

and the elevation was much lower in the late 

Miocene than today. The carbon isotope data 

from the high Himalayas, after accounting for 

late Cenozoic global cooling and paleoatmospheric 

CO 2 levels, indicate that this part of 

southern Tibet was less than 2900–3400 m 

above sea level in the latest Miocene. This 

implies that the present elevation of the area 

must have been attained after 7 Ma, much later 

than generally believed. 

133

2008020462 

利用美洲野牛牙齿珐琅质的碳同位素率再 

造草地植被和古温度 = Reconstructing 

grassland vegetation and paleotemperatures 

using carbon isotope ratios of bison tooth 

enamel. ( 英文 ). Hoppe KA; Paytan A; Chamberlain 

G. Geology, 2006, 34(8): 649-652 

Carbon isotope ratios ( 13 C values) of 

herbivores reflect the 13 C values of dietary 

plants, and the 13 C values of grazers (animals 

that consume >90% grass) reflect the local 

abundance of C 3 versus C 4 grasses. Because 

grassland C 3 /C 4 ratios correlate with climate, 

the 13 C of fossil grazers may serve as a proxy 

for reconstructing paleoclimates and paleovegetation 

patterns. However, the accuracy 

of environmental reconstructions based on 

herbivore 13 C values is often uncertain, because 

the relationship between the 13 C of 

many animals and the abundance of C 4 and C 3 

grasses has not been precisely quantified. We 

analyzed the 13 C of tooth enamel carbonate 

from modern bison (Bison bison bison) from 

nine localities in the United States. The C 4 

grass biomass at these sites ranged from

异 , 被确定为新种 L. qiui sp.nov.。根据 

比例克新种和确山新材料的研究 , 修订了 

Lunanosorex 的属征和 Beremendiini 族征的 

定义 , 探讨了鲁南鼩鼱与东亚地区发现的 

其他牙齿染色的大型鼩鼱类之间的系统关 

系 , 阐证了日本中更新世的 

Shikamainosorex 与北美上新世的 

Paracryptotis 关系不大 , 不应归人 

Blarrinini 族 , 而与亚洲大陆的鲁南鼩鼱有 

较近的亲缘关系 , 应当属于 Beremendiini 

族。 

2008020466 

天津蓟县诺氏古菱齿象化石的发现 = Fossils 

of Palaeoloxodon naumani from Jixian, 

Tianjin, China. ( 中文 ). 郑敏 . 古脊椎动物学 

报 , 2007, 45(1): 89-92 

2005 年 9 月 , 在天津蓟县杨津庄镇小陈 

庄砖厂内挖土时 , 发现了一个古象的残破 

头骨 , 带有左右第二上门齿和左右 M3; 同 

时发掘出的还有完整的带左右 m3 的下颌骨 

和一块股骨。化石保存在距地面下约 12 m 

处的黄色细砂层底部。细砂层之上有大约 

8m 厚的黑色粘土层。此外 , 还在蓟县礼明 

庄乡发现一块古象的肱骨。经鉴定上述化 

石均属于诺氏古菱齿象 (Palaeoloxodo 

nnaumanni)。 

2008020467 

中国原大羚化石的再研究 = Restudy of Chinese 

fossil bovids referred to Protoryx (bovidae,artiodactyla. 

( 英文 ). 陈冠芳 ; 张兆群 . 古 

脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 45(2): 98-109 

在研究新发现化石材料及对已有标本重 

新观察的基础上 , 讨论中国晚中新世至早上 

新世原大羚 (?Protoryx) 的系统分类位置 . 依 

据头骨、角心和牙齿等方面所具有的独特 

性状 , 建议把发现于中国北方曾归入 ? Protoryx 

的种类从旧大陆同时代或时代稍早的 

Protoryx Major,1891 中分出 , 另立 2 个新属 : 

以 ?Protoryx yushensis Teilhard & Trassaert 

,1938 为属型种的华北羚 (Huabeitragus 

gen. nov.) 和以 ?Protoryx shansiensis Bohlin,1935 

为属型种的粗壮羚 (Macrotragus gen. 

nov.). 华北羚体型中等大小 , 头骨窄长 , 颅轴 

与面轴夹角近直角 , 弯曲发生在角前的额部 , 

眶上孔小 , 分开远 , 脑颅部短窄 , 间顶骨长方形 , 

基枕骨方形 , 没有中纵沟或中嵴 , 角心长而纤 

细 , 基部靠近 , 向上分散度大 , 基部横断面近三 

角形 , 具前棱 .Macrotragus 头骨大而粗壮 , 其 

弯曲发生在角心基部之间的额面 , 弯曲度大 

于直角 ; 角基之间的额中缝隆起呈脊 ; 脸部宽 ; 

眶前窝浅 ; 眶下孔后缘位于 P3 之上 . 眼眶向 

头骨两侧突出不明显 , 其前缘位于 M3 后缘 

之后 ; 脑颅部短宽 , 呈筒状 , 背面稍凸 ; 枕面 

高、呈半圆形 ; 基枕部为长方形或梯形 , 具中 

纵沟和弱的中纵脊 ; 卵圆孔大 , 面向侧方 ; 角 

心大而粗壮 , 内外侧扁 , 无棱 , 基部紧靠 , 向上 

的分散度小 , 基部横切面为椭圆形 . 无角后窝 . 

前臼齿列退化 . 这两个属之间的主要不同在 

于前者的个体较小 ; 角心较细弱 , 向上分散度 

大 ( 前面观 ), 具前棱 , 基部横切面呈次三角形 ; 

头骨窄 , 其弯曲位置靠前 , 弯曲接近 90°; 脑颅 

部窄 ; 枕面平 , 为低矮的长方形 ; 基枕部呈方 

形 , 面平 , 无中纵沟和中纵脊 , 前、后节结不发 

育和卵圆孔相对小等 . 在系统位置上 , 它们可 

能属于山羊亚科 (Capfinae). 

2008020468 

华北晚中新世羚羊的食性与古环境 — 稳定 

碳同位素的证据 = Paleodiets and paleoenvironments 

of Late Miocene gazelles from 

North China: evidence from stable carbon isotopes. 

( 英文 ). Benjamin H Passey; Jussi T 

Eronen; Mikael Fortelius; 张兆群 . 古脊椎动 

物学报 , 2007, 45(2): 118-127 

通过分析华北晚中新世保德期三个经典 

地点的羚羊牙齿釉质之稳定碳同位素 , 结合 

相同地点的单纯食叶者 ( 鹿科 ) 与食草者 ( 三 

趾马 ) 的数据 , 推断其食性取向 . 结果显示这 

些晚中新世生态系统中 C 3 植物占据主导地 

位 , 但也含有一小部分的 C 4 植物 ( 可能小于 

30%). 高冠羚羊 (Gazella dorcadoides 类型 ) 取 

食约 20% 的 C 4 植物 , 而中冠羚羊 (G. paotehensis 

类型 ) 与低冠羚羊 (G. gaudryi 类型 ) 为 

纯 C 3 植物消费者 . 鹿科动物单纯取食 C 3 植 

物 , 而三趾马与 G. dorcadoides 类型的羚羊 

取食 C 4 植物的比例在统计上难以区分 . 碳同 

位素数据与 G. gaudryi 类型的食叶性以及 G. 

dorcadoides 类型以草食为主的观点相一致 . 

参照这些类群的地理分布 , 当前的数据支持 

晚中新世黄土高原东南部处于相对于西北 

部更为封闭环境的观点 . 这种环境梯度的分 

布方向与模式可能是该地区东亚季风体系 

的早期信号 . 

2008020469 

伊朗新发现的中新世哺乳动物足迹的亲缘 

关系及其意义 = Affinities and implications 

of new Miocene mammal footprints from Iran. 

( 英文 ). Majid Mirzaie Ataabadi;Nasrollah 

Abbassi. 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 45(2): 128- 

136 

135

伊朗晚中新世的几个地点新近发现了哺 

乳动物足迹化石 . 足迹化石在伊朗中北部分 

布在一套被称为上红组的厚层、混杂的泻 

湖 - 陆相地层序列的数个层位中 ; 在伊朗北部 

的里海地区南部 , 则位于一套陆相沉积序列 

中 . 产自上红组的足迹以偶蹄动物类型为主 , 

由于个体很小 , 可归人几种像羚羊一样大小 

的种 ; 其他足迹则分别归入小型、中型和大 

型的鼬科和猫科食肉动物 . 产自伊朗北部的 

足迹化石主要为长鼻类 , 有些可能是犀牛 , 少 

数为偶蹄类足迹 . 根据上红组中发现的猫科 

动物 ( 剑齿虎 ) 足迹 , 可认为产足迹的地层年 

代为晚中新世 , 而产于伊朗北部古地中海边 

缘区沉积中的长鼻类足迹显示 , 地层的最大 

年龄为中新世最早期 . 这些足迹化石的发现 

填补了这一重要地区新近纪哺乳动物化石 

记录的空白 . 

2008020470 

地点覆盖度、集合群落、地质时期动物群 : 

联接古生物学和现代种群生物学的概念 = 

Locality coverage, metacommunities and 

chronofauna: concepts that connect paleobiology 

to modern population biology. ( 英文 ). 

Jussi T Eronen. 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 45(2): 

137-144 

在古生物群落中新近出现的地点覆盖度 

或发生率的概念 , 以及对生物集合种群的空 

间动态学的深入了解 , 使古生物学和现代生 

物学的联系更加紧密 . 集合群落的概念以及 

地质时期动物群的古生物学认识显示 , 将古 

生物学和生态学结合在一起是大有希望的 . 

评述了目前对这些概念的理解 , 并以欧亚大 

陆大型食草动物群落的发育作为范例 , 介绍 

了运用这些理论来研究化石记录的方法 . 研 

究结果表明 , 化石记录中种群覆盖度的研究 

可以在以化石为基础的进化研究和以现生 

有机体为基础的进化研究之间架起一座桥 

梁 . 地点覆盖度最大的类群 , 像现代生态学中 

发生率最大的类群一样 , 往往是地理分布最 

广泛、在当地最丰富的类群 . 

2008020471 

澳大利亚新南威尔士 Wombeyan 洞穴 

Warendja wakefieldi 的新纪录 = New record 

of Warendja wakefieldi (Vombatidae; 

marsupialia) from Wombeyan Caves, New 

South Wales. ( 英文 ). Rewer P. Alcheringa, 

2007, 31(2): 153-171 

The plesiomorphic wombat, Warendja 

wakefieldi Hope & Wilkinson, 1982, is described 

from Wombeyan Caves, New South 

Wales. The specimens are presumed to originate 

from a single individual and include 

fragments of the skull, jaw and both humeri. 

Warendja wake fieldi was previously, known 

only from, McEacherns Cave in Victoria and 

the nearby Comaum Forest Cave in South 

Australia, so its presence in New. South Wales 

substantially increases its known geographic 

range. The morphology of the humerus of. W. 

wakefieldi displays evidence of fossorial adaptations. 

2008020472 

澳大利亚昆士兰西北部 Riversleigh 地区中 

新世袋熊化石的描述及 Litokoala 属的意义 

= Descriptions of koala fossils from the Miocene 

of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland 

and implications for Litokoala (Marsupialia, 

Phascolarctidae). ( 英文 ). Louys J; Black K; 

Archer M; Hand S J; Godthelp H. Alcheringa, 

2007, 31(2): 99-110 

Litokoala is revised on the basis of new 

material from the early to middle Miocene 

deposits of Riversleigh. A new species of Litokoala 

is described from the System B Outasite 

Local Fauna. Litokoala garyjohnstoni sp. 

nov. possesses a unique combination of both 

plesiomorphic and apomorphic dental features, 

making its phylogenetic position within Litokoala 

difficult to interpret. In some aspects of 

dental morphology, L. garyjohnsioni is convergent 

on the early Miocene phascolarctid 

Nimiokoala greystanesi Black & Archer, 1997. 

The dentition of a partial skull of Litokoala 

from Jims Carousel Site, System C is also described. 

On the basis of this dentition, it is 

Suggested that the morphological variation 

between L. kutjamarpensis Stirton, 1967 and L. 

kammkaensis Springer, 1987 does not warrant 

specific distinction, the latter being the junior 

synonym. 

2008020473 

阿根廷西北部晚中新世 - 早上新世 

Hoplophorini: 系统古生物地理和古环境 = 

Hoplophorini (Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae) 

prom the "Araucanian" (late Miocene-early 

Pliocene) of the northwest of Argentina: systematics 

paleobiogeography and paleoenvironments. 

( 其他 ). Zuritai A E. 

Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 257-269 

From a comparative review of the three 

recognized species of Glyptodontidae Hoplophorini: 

Eosclerocalyptus planus (Rovereto), 

Eosclerophorus paulacoutoi Castellanos and 

Hoplophractus proximus (Moreno y Mercerat), 

from "Araucanian" levels (Late Miocene- 

136

Early Pliocene) of northwestern Argentina, we 

conclude they represent only one species: Eosclerocalyptus 

proximus n. comb. (Moreno 

and Mercerat). Therefore, we provide a new 

diagnosis and description of this taxon. Finally, 

the possible endemism of this species (and 

part of the associated palaeofauna), can be 

explained, at least partially, by the palaeobiogeographic 

and palaeoenviromental particularities 

inferred for the Miocene-Pliocene of 

this area, indicated by the presence of relatively 

more humid and warm climates than 

those inferred for the Pampean region. 

2008020474 

阿根廷恩特雷里奥司第三纪大地懒类 : 系 

统分类和系统特征 = The Megatheriinae 

(Xenarthra, Tardigrada) from the Tertiary of 

Entre Rios, Argentina: Taxonomic and systematic 

aspects. ( 英文 ). Brandoni D; Scillato- 

Yane G J. Ameghiniana, 2007, 44(2): 427-434 

The subfamily Megatheriinae has been recorded 

from the Colloncuran (Middle Miocene) 

to the Lujanian (Late Pleistocene-Early 

Holocene). A summary of the present state of 

knowledge of the megatheriines of the ltuzaingo 

Formation of Entre Rios Province is 

given. The diversity of Megatheriinae of the 

aforementioned unit is higher than that of any 

other in Argentina. However, the nature of the 

deposits and the fragmentary and dissociated 

nature of the remains on which the species 

were recognized, have led to an overestimation 

of the diversity in this formation. We 

conclude that there were two "groups" of 

megatheriines in the "Conglornerado osifero" 

of the Ltuzaingo Formation: 1) small to middle 

sized forms, represented by Promegatherium 

smaltatum Ameghino, Plioniegatherium 

lelongi Kraglievich and Eomegatherium nanum 

(Burmeisker); and 2) larger forms, represented 

by Pyramiodontherium sp. 

古人类学 

古人类学 

2008020475 

Hispanopithecus laietanus 似猩猩的手的适 

应性 : 向巨猿悬挂习性迈进的第一步 = 

Orang-like manual adaptations in the fossil 

hominoid Hispanopithecus laietanus: first 

steps towards great ape suspensory behaviours. 

( 英文 ). Almécija S; Alba D M; Moyà-Solà S; 

Köhler M. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: 

Biological Sciences, 2007, 274(1624): 2375- 

2384 

Morphological and biometrical analyses 

of the partial hand IPS18800 of the fossil great 

ape Hispanopithecus laietanus 

(=Dryopithecus laietanus), from the Late 

Miocene (about 9.5Ma) of Can Llobateres 

(Catalonia, Spain), reveal many similarities 

with extant orang-utans (Pongo). These similarities 

are interpreted as adaptations to belowbranch 

suspensory behaviours, including armswinging 

and clambering/postural feeding on 

slender arboreal supports, due to an orang-like 

double-locking mechanism. This is confirmed 

by the long and highly curved phalanges of 

Hispanopithecus. The short and stout metacarpals 

with dorsally constricted heads, together 

with the dorsally extended articular 

facets on proximal phalanges, indicate the 

persistence of significant degrees of palmigrady. 

A powerful grasping capability is indicated 

by the great development of basal phalangeal 

tubercles, the marked insertions for the 

flexors on phalangeal shafts and the large pits 

for the collateral ligaments. The morphology 

of the Hispanopithecus long bones of the hand 

indicates a unique positional repertoire, combining 

orthogrady with suspensory behaviours 

and palmigrade quadrupedalism. The retention 

of powerful grasping and palmigrady suggests 

that the last common ancestor of hominids 

might have been more primitive than what can 

be inferred on the basis of extant taxa, suggesting 

that pronograde behaviours are compatible 

with an orthograde bodyplan suitable 

for climbing and suspension. 

2008020476 

再造路易斯安那州大陆架沉积的低氧条件 

诱发的自然和人类起源和发展的 180 yr 记 

录 = Reconstructing a 180 yr record of natural 

and anthropogenic induced low-oxygen conditions 

from Louisiana continental shelf sediments. 

( 英文 ). Osterman L E; Poore R Z; 

Swarzenski P W; Turner R E. Geology, 2005, 

33(4): 329-332 

Hypoxia on the Louisiana continental 

shelf is tied to nutrient loading and freshwater 

stratification from the Mississippi River. 

Variations in the relative abundance of lowoxygen-tolerant 

benthic foraminifers in four 

sediment cores from the Louisiana shelf provide 

a proxy record of low-oxygen events. 

Core chronologies are obtained using 210 Pb 

dating techniques. The foraminiferal data are 

consistent with previous studies indicating that 

the intensity of hypoxic events (oxygen

the use of commercial fertilizer, and also reveal 

several low-oxygen events between A.D. 

1817 and 1910, prior to the widespread use of 

fertilizer. The pre-1910 low-oxygen events are 

associated with high Mississippi River discharge 

rates, indicating that these low-oxygen 

episodes are related to natural variations in 

river drainage that enhance transport of nutrients 

and freshwater to the continental shelf. 

Our data show that the low-oxygen events of 

the past few decades were more extreme than 

any that occurred in the previous 180 yr, and 

support the interpretation that the increased 

use of fertilizer has amplified an otherwise 

naturally occurring process. 

历史地质学、地层学 

综论 

2008020477 

阿曼东北边缘晚古生代到新近纪地球动力 

学演化 = Late Palaeozoic to Neogene geodynamic 

evolution of the northeastern Oman 

margin. ( 英文 ). Immenhauser A; Schreurs G; 

Gnos E; Oterdoom H W; Hartmann B. Geological 

Magazine, 2000, 137(1): 1-18 

When the highlands of Arabia were still 

covered with an ice shield in the latest Carboniferous/Early 

Permian period, separation 

of Gondwana started. This led to the creation 

of the Batain basin (part of the early Indian 

Ocean), off the northeastern margin of Oman. 

The rifting reactivated an Infra-Cambrian rift 

shoulder along the northeastern Oman margin 

and detritus from this high was shed into the 

interior Oman basin. Whereas carbonate platform 

deposits became widespread along the 

margin of the Neo-Tethys (northern rim of 

Oman), drifting and oceanization of the Batain 

basin started only in Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous 

time. Extensional tectonics was followed 

in the Late Cretaceous by contraction 

caused by the northward drift of Greater India 

and Afro-Arabia. This resulted in the collision 

of Afro-Arabia with an intra-oceanic trench 

and obduction of the Semail ophiolite and the 

Hawasina nappes south to southwestward onto 

the northern Oman margin ~ 80 m.y. ago. 

During the middle Cretaceous, the oceanic 

lithosphere (including the future eastern 

ophiolites of Oman) drifted northwards as part 

of the Indian plate. At the Cretaceous– 

Palaeogene transition (~ 65 Ma), oblique convergence 

between Greater India and Afro- 

Arabia caused fragments of the early Indian 

Ocean to be thrust onto the Batain basin. Subsequently, 

the Lower Permian to uppermost 

Maastrichtian sediments and volcanic rocks of 

the Batain basin, along with fragments of Indian 

Ocean floor (eastern ophiolites), were 

obducted northwestward onto the northeastern 

margin of Oman. Palaeogene neoautochtonous 

sedimentary rocks subsequently 

covered the nappe pile. Tertiary extensional 

tectonics related to Red Sea rifting in the Late 

Eocene was followed by Miocene shortening, 

associated with the collision of Arabia and 

Eurasia and the formation of the Oman Mountains. 

2008020478 

宇宙碰撞何时触及海底 = When a cosmic 

impact strikes the sea bed. ( 英文 ). Ormo J; 

Lindstrom M. Geological Magazine, 2000, 

137(1): 67-80 

Most bolides that collide with the Earth hit 

the sea. Limited knowledge about marinetarget 

impacts hampers predictions about their 

perilousness. This study presents geological 

features that are particular to craters formed at 

sea. The features are most likely a result of the 

influence of the target on the cratering process. 

Marine-target craters form only if the target 

sea is shallow enough to admit sufficient kinetic 

energy into the sea bed. When the crater 

diameter is large compared to the water depth, 

the crater resembles its counterparts that are 

formed on land. Craters formed in deeper water 

are concentric, and often lack melt sheets 

and rim walls, but have deposits and radial 

gullies formed by the resurge of the sea. Impacts 

on the deep shelf are probably much 

more energetic than is suggested by the dimensions 

of the preserved crater. 

2008020479 

化石的推测延限在某些最老地层和某些最 

年轻地层中是最普遍的 = Fossil ghost 

ranges are most common in some of the oldest 

and some of the youngest strata. ( 英文 ). Wills 

M A. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2007, 274(1624): 2421-2427 

Biologists routinely compare inferences 

about the order of evolutionary branching 

(phylogeny) with the order in which groups 

appear in the fossil record (stratigraphy). 

Where they conflict, ghost ranges are inferred: 

intervals of geological time where a fossil 

lineage should exist, but for which there is no 

direct evidence. The presence of very numerous 

and/or extensive ghost ranges is often believed 

to imply spurious phylogenies or a misleadingly 

patchy fossil record, or both. It has 

usually been assumed that the frequency of 

138

ghost ranges should increase with the age of 

rocks. Previous studies measuring ghost 

ranges for whole trees in just a small number 

of temporal bins have found no significant 

increase with antiquity. This study uses a 

much higher resolution approach to investigate 

the gappiness implied by 1000 animal 

and plant cladograms over 77 series and stages 

of the Phanerozoic. It demonstrates that ghost 

ranges are indeed relatively common in some 

of the oldest strata. Surprisingly, however, 

ghost ranges are also relatively common in 

some of the youngest, fossil-rich rocks. This 

pattern results from the interplay between several 

complex factors and is not a simple function 

of the completeness of the fossil record. 

The Early Palaeozoic record is likely to be 

less organismically and stratigraphically complete, 

and its fossils—many of which are invertebrates—may 

be more difficult to analyse 

cladistically. The Late Cenozoic is subject to 

the pull of the Recent, but this accounts only 

partially for the increased gappiness in the 

younger strata. 

2008020480 

生物地层学图形对比软件包 SinoCor 1.0 = 

Sinocor 1.0, a biostratigraphic program for 

graphic correlation. ( 中文 ). 樊隽轩 ; 张元动 . 

古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 573-583 

用于生物地层学定量分析对比的软件包 

SinoCor 1.0 采用 VisualBasic 3.0 程序设计 

语言编写 , 由三个主要功能模块组成 :(1) 数据 

输入、修改模块 ,(2 ) 数据分析、处理模块 ,(3) 

数据输出模块。操作采用人机交互方式 , 运 

行于 Windows 3.x 图形环境下 , 功能完全菜 

单化。一次可分析、处理 2 0 个生物地层剖 

面、60 个分类单元。 

2008020481 

地质记录中的微球粒 = Microspherules in 

the geologic record. ( 中文 ). 张华 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2007, 31(2): 110-115 

地质记录中的微球粒根据成因可以分为 

宇宙尘、地外物体撞击成因微球粒、火山 

成因微球粒、生物成因微球粒、沉积作用 

微球粒和现代微球形飞灰等。宇宙尘含有 

丰富的宇宙物质 , 出现 Fe、Ni 核心和方铁 

矿等 , 具有宇宙尖晶石和宇宙中不丰富元 

素的亏损是判断宇宙尘的关键特征。撞击 

事件可以产生近源区的撞击熔融玻璃球和 

远源区的撞击汽云凝结球两类微球粒 , 常 

与其他撞击成因矿物伴生。火山微球粒赋 

存于低粘稠度的岩浆岩喷发形成的玻璃质 

火山灰中 , 有球形、液滴形和哑铃形的微 

颗粒。这三种成因的微球粒在各种地层中 

的赋存对于地层对比和地史事件研究中有 

着非常重要的意义 , 为判断和研究不同的 

地质事件提供了一个很好的媒介 , 因此长 

期以来一直是微球粒研究的主要对象。另 

外 , 在现代工业生产过程中也可以产生大 

量微球形飞灰 , 这些飞灰经常包含非常复 

杂的表面纹饰和独特的化学组成 , 比如高 

的 ZnO 含量等。 

2008020482 

数字地质填图技术中的数字剖面系统 = The 

digital section system of digital mapping techniques. 

( 中文 ). 张克信 ; 李超岭 ; 于庆文 ; 朱云 

海 ; 张智勇 ; 葛梦春 ; 林启祥 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2007, 31(2): 157-164 

数字填图系统 (RGMAP) 是中国地质调 

查局运用数字填图技术、自主研制开发的 

数字地质填图的 GIS 系统 , 它使传统的地 

质调查发生了巨大的变化。RGMAP 由两大 

部分组成 : 地质路线系统和地质剖面系 

统 ; 每一部分包含两个子系统 : 野外掌上 

机系统和室内桌面系统。数字剖面系统的 

野外掌上机系统的使用 , 使实测剖面的全 

部野外观测记录实现了数字化采集。数字 

剖面系统的桌面系统可以自动计算厚度 , 

自动生成剖面图和柱状图 , 极大地提高了 

地质剖面的测量与剖面图制作技术。 

2008020483 

构造对三级层序的控制作用 = Tectonic controls 

on third-order sequences. ( 中文 ). 崔永刚 ; 

樊涛 ; 孙昶旭 ; 孙彦达 ; 张响响 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2007, 31(2): 179-183 

经典层序地层学理论认为 , 一级和二级 

层序受全球性和区域性构造因素控制 , 全 

球性海平面变化是三级层序发育的主要因 

素 , 构造沉降是线性的、次要的。渤海湾 

盆地东营凹陷东营三角洲沙三中亚段层序 

始于 42Ma, 历经 1.5Myr。沙三中亚段层 

序发育在东营凹陷古近纪构造运动 Ⅲ 幕 , 

无论是构造沉降速率还是断层生长指数都 

是最大的 , 该幕是构造作用最强烈时期 , 

构造作用是决定沙三中亚段层序的主要因 

素 , 它改变了地层格架样式 , 而湖平面变 

化、沉积物的供给只是改变了沙三中亚段 

三角洲前积层的形态和大小。 

2008020484 

分子地层学的原理、方法及应用实例 = 

Principles, methodology and application of 

molecular stratigraphy. ( 中文 ). 谢树成 ; 赖旭 

139

龙 ; 黄咸雨 ; 马相如 ; 杨淑娟 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2007, 31(3): 209-221 

当前分子地层学研究已涉及蛋白质、核 

酸、碳水化合物、类脂物和木质素等多种 

生物化学组分 . 在地层中 , 分子化石具有分布 

的广泛性、定量的准确性、应用的指纹性 

和信息的多样性等特点 , 其地层学应用的主 

要原理是依据分子化石的生物源信息和其 

离开生物体后发生的一系列转化途径来实 

现的 , 其表述方法可以是含量、相对丰度、 

碳数分布和单体同位素特征等 . 在各类年代 

学框架下 , 由这些分子化石参数所揭示的各 

类生物事件和环境事件可以成为区域性乃 

至全球性地层对比的主要依据 . 分子地层学 

与分子古生物学、生物地球化学、有机地 

球化学密切相关 , 它与传统三大地层学分支 

学科明显不同 , 目前还没有明确的分子地层 

单位 , 也没有进行广泛的分子地层划分与对 

比工作 . 对各类生物事件与环境事件有重要 

指示作用的分子地层学 , 与生态地层学、事 

件地层学等地层学分支学科类似 , 其主要任 

务是在传统生物地层学或其他年代学框架 

下 , 提高地层划分和对比的精度 . 以浙江长兴 

煤山二叠纪 — 叠纪界线地层和第四纪泥炭 

为例 , 以高分辨率的生物事件与环境事件为 

切入点 , 分别探讨在生物地层学或其他年代 

学框架下的分子地层工作 , 由此提出了分子 

地层学的分类单位 — 分子化石带 . 

2008020485 

不整合分类研究进展与新型分类方案 = 

Types of unconformities and their classification. 

( 中文 ). 杨勇 ; 查明 ; 洪太元 ; 刘冠德 . 地层 

学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 288-295 

总结了前人对不整合类型的划分工作和 

不整合形态特点 , 在此基础之上 , 根据不整合 

的成因机制和不整合形态的主控因素 , 提出 

了新型不整合分类方案 , 将不整合分为七个 

大类 , 包括削截不整合、褶曲不整合、底辟 

不整合、震积不整合、古岩溶不整合、超 

覆不整合和假整合 , 并进一步细分为 13 个亚 

类 . 新型的不整合分类考虑了震积作用研究 

等最新的地质学进展 , 吸收了许多有益成果 , 

扩充了不整合类型 , 更加关注盆地的自身特 

点 , 通过剔除重复类型等方法 , 使不整合分类 

方案更加完备 , 具有较高的科学性和实用性 . 

文中还以国内外有关油田为例分析了不整 

合类型基本特征 . 

古地理学、古气候学 

2008020486 

中大西洋岩浆区、三叠纪 - 侏罗纪界线气候 

及生物群危机的同时性 = Synchrony of the 

Central Atlantic magmatic province and the 

Triassic-Jurassic boundary climatic and biotic 

crisis. ( 英文 ). Marzoli A; Bertrand H; Knight 

K B; Cirilli K et al. Geology, 2004, 32(11): 

973-976 

The evolution of life on Earth is marked 

by catastrophic extinction events, one of 

which occurred ca. 200 Ma at the transition 

from the Triassic Period to the Jurassic Period 

(Tr-J boundary), apparently contemporaneous 

with the eruption of the world's largest known 

continental igneous province, the Central Atlantic 

magmatic province. The temporal relationship 

of the Tr-J boundary and the province's 

volcanism is clarified by new multidisciplinary 

(stratigraphic, palynologic, geochronologic, 

paleomagnetic, geochemical) data 

that demonstrate that development of the Central 

Atlantic magmatic province straddled the 

Tr-J boundary and thus may have had a causal 

relationship with the climatic crisis and biotic 

turnover demarcating the boundary. 

前古生界 

2008020487 

加拿大安大略西北部中元古代 Sibley 群岩 

石地层和化学地层 = Lithostratigraphy and 

chemostratigraphy of the Mesoproterozoic 

Sibley Group, northwestern Ontario, Canada. 

( 英文 ). Rogala B; Fralick P W; Heaman L M; 

Metsaranta R. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2007, 44(6): 1131-1149 

The 950 m thick Sibley Group is a relatively 

flat-lying assemblage of siliciclastic and 

chemical sedimentary rocks exposed from the 

northwest shore of Lake Superior to the Lake 

Nipigon region of Ontario. Remnants of the 

Sibley Group occur in an ovoid area that 

sagged at ~1.5 Ga, creating accommodation 

space for braided fluvial sediments, derived as 

either first or multicycle detritus from the 

Trans-Hudson Orogen. This was followed by 

a transgressive episode and deposition of 

lacustrine siliciclastics and evaporites. An influx 

of sediment from the south occurred immediately 

prior to final contraction of the 

lacustrine system and deposition of strandline, 

stromatolite-bearing carbonates. The change 

in paleoslope was accompanied by development 

of a north-south-oriented half-graben. 

Overlying subaerial deposits represent deposition 

on a sabkha or saline mud flat. This assemblage 

is abruptly succeeded upward by 

flooding of the basin and major deltaic pro- 

140

gradation and capped by a delta-top fluvial 

system with extensive preservation of floodplain 

deposits. The majority of the deltaic 

sediment was derived from Proterozoic 

sources to the south. An unconformity separates 

this assemblage from a thick succession 

of sandstone deposited as an aeolian dune 

field, with detritus probably coming from as 

far as the New Quebec Orogen to Baltica region. 

The geochemistry of medium-grained 

sandstone denotes that sediment became more 

mature and quartz-rich upsection and that the 

source areas evolved to more felsic and less 

alkalic compositions. Paleomagnetically correlated 

units in the Belt Supergroup, Apache 

Group, and Troy Quartzite in western North 

America indicate that the broad climatic fluctuations 

recorded in the Sibley Group may 

represent continent-wide events. 

2008020488 

朝鲜 Rangnim 地块环斑花岗岩岩基的 U- 

Pb 锆石定年 = U–Pb zircon age dating of a 

rapakivi granite batholith in Rangnim massif, 

North Korea. ( 英文 ). Zhai Mingguo; Guo 

Jinghui; Peng Peng; Hu Bo. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 547-552 

Rapakivi granites and several small leucogabbroic 

and gabbroic bodies are located in 

the Rangnim Massif, North Korea. The largest 

batholith in the Myohyang Mountains covers 

an area of 300 km2 and was intruded into Precambrian 

metamorphosed rocks. It has a 

SHRIMP U–Pb zircon weighted mean 

207Pb/206Pb age of 1861 ± 7 Ma. The country 

rocks of rapakivi granites are Neoarchaean 

orthogneisses and Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic 

graphite-bearing metasedimentary rocks of 

granulite facies, and they are similar to those 

of the rapakivi granites and anorthosites exposed 

in South Korea and in the North China 

Craton. We conclude that the three massifs in 

the Korean Peninsula commonly record an 

identical Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic anorogenic 

magmatic event, indicating that they have a 

common Precambrian basement with the 

North China Craton. 

2008020489 

雪球假说的起源及评估 = Origins and assessment 

of snowball Earth hypotheses. ( 英 

文 ). Harland B W. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(4): 633-642 

Records of Precambrian glaciation onwards 

from the late nineteenth century led to the 

concept of one or more major ice ages. This 

concept was becoming well advanced by the 

mid 1930s, particularly through the compilation 

of Kulling in 1934. Even so tillite stratigraphy 

shows that glaciation was exceptional 

rather than typical of Earth history. Some Proterozoic 

tillites, sandwiched between warm 

marine facies, indicate low, even equatorial 

palaeolatitudes as determined magnetically, 

and more recently led to ideas of a snow- and 

ice-covered ‘snowball Earth’. However, interbedded 

non-glacial facies as well as thick tillite 

successions requiring abundant snowfall 

both militate against the hypothesis of extreme 

prolonged freezing temperatures referred to 

here as an ‘iceball Earth’ in which all oceans 

and seas were sealed in continuous ice cover. 

On the other hand tropical environments were 

interrupted by glaciation several times in the 

Proterozoic, something that did not recur in 

the Phanerozoic. The term ‘snowball Earth’ is 

consistent with the established view of extremely 

widespread Proterozoic glaciation, but 

the ‘iceball Earth’ version of this is not compatible 

with the geological record. 

2008020490 

衡山 - 五台 - 富平构造带中的岩石构造单元及 

地质事件 :Trans-North China 造山带演化 

的综论和指示意义 = Lithotectonic elements 

and geological events in the Hengshan– 

Wutai–Fuping belt: a synthesis and implications 

for the evolution of the Trans-North 

China Orogen. ( 英文 ). Zhao Guochun; Kroner 

A; Wilde S A; Sun Min; Li Sanzhong; Zhang 

Jian; Xia Xiaoping; He Yanhong. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(5): 753-775 

The Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping belt is located 

in the middle segment of the Trans- 

North China Orogen, a Palaeoproterozoic continental 

collisional belt along which the Eastern 

and Western blocks amalgamated to form 

the North China Craton. The belt consists of 

the medium- to high-grade Hengshan and 

Fuping gneiss complexes and the intervening 

low- to medium-grade Wutai granite– 

greenstone terrane, and most igneous rocks in 

the belt are calc-alkaline and have affinities to 

magmatic arcs. Previous tectonic models assumed 

that the Hengshan and Fuping gneiss 

assemblages were an older basement to the 

Wutai supracrustal rocks, but recent studies 

indicate that the three complexes constitute a 

single, long-lived Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic 

magmatic arc where the Wutai Complex 

represents an upper crustal domain, 

whereas the Hengshan and Fuping gneisses 

represent the lower crustal components forming 

the root of the arc. The earliest arc-related 

141

magmatism in the belt occurred at 2560–2520 

Ma, marked by the emplacement of the Wutai 

granitoids, which was followed by arc volcanism 

at 2530–2515 Ma, forming the Wutai 

greenstones. Extension driven by widespread 

arc volcanism led to the development of a 

back-arc basin or a marginal sea, which divided 

the belt into the Hengshan–Wutai island 

arc (Japan-type) and the Fuping relict arc. At 

2520–2480 Ma, subduction beneath the Hengshan–Wutai 

island arc caused partial melting 

of the lower crust to form the Hengshan tonalitic–trondhjemitic–granodioritic 

(TTG) 

suites, whereas eastward-directed subduction 

of the marginal sea led to the reactivation of 

the Fuping relict arc, where the Fuping tonalitic–trondhjemitic–granodioritic 

suite was 

emplaced. In the period 2360–2000 Ma, sporadic 

phases of isolated granitoid magmatism 

occurred in the Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping region, 

forming 2360 Ma, c. 2250 Ma and 

2000–2100 Ma granitoids in the Hengshan 

Complex, the c. 2100 Ma Wangjiahui and 

Dawaliang granites in the Wutai Complex, 

and the 2100–2000 Ma Nanying granitoids in 

the Fuping Complex. At c. 1920 Ma, the 

Hengshan–Wutai island arc underwent an extensional 

event, possibly due to the subduction 

of an oceanic ridge, leading to the emplacement 

of pre-tectonic gabbroic dykes that were 

subsequently metamorphosed, together with 

their host rocks, to form medium- to highpressure 

granulites. At 1880–1820 Ma, the 

Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping arc system was juxtaposed, 

intensely deformed and metamorphosed 

during a major and regionally extensive 

orogenic event, the Lüliang Orogeny, 

which generated the Trans-North China Orogen 

through collision of the Eastern and Western 

blocks. The Hengshan–Wutai–Fuping belt 

was finally stabilized after emplacement of a 

mafic dyke swarm at 1780–1750 Ma. 

2008020491 

印度东 Ghats 带 Chilka 湖地区捕虏型紫苏 

花岗岩化的起源 : 重新评估 = On the origin 

of ‘arrested’ charnockitization in the Chilka 

Lake area, Eastern Ghats Belt, India: a reappraisal. 

( 英文 ). Dobmeier C; Raith M M. Geological 

Magazine, 2000, 137(1): 27-37 

Arrested-type charnockite formation occurs 

in an assemblage of high-grade gneisses at 

several localities of the Chilka Lake area that 

belongs to the Proterozoic Eastern Ghats Belt 

of India. The isolated ellipsoidal domains are 

found exclusively in leucogranite (leptynite) 

bands that intruded lit-par-lit interbanded 

granulite-grade supracrustal and intermediate 

igneous rocks (khondalite–enderbite). Macrostructures 

and microfabrics document a multiple 

deformation of the rock assemblage under 

high-grade conditions. The intrusion of the 

leucogranitic melts separates a first episode of 

deformation, D 1 , from a younger progressive 

deformation, D 2 –D 4 . A transpressive regime 

and inhomogeneous deformation is indicated 

for D 2 –D 4 by the associated structures and 

fabrics. But quartz c-axis patterns show that 

pure shear prevailed during the closing stages 

of deformation. The spatial distribution and 

orientation of the ellipsoidal charnockite domains 

within the host leptynite and the orientation 

pattern of orthopyroxene c-axes inside 

the domains provide evidence for a synkinematic 

in situ formation of the domains during 

D 3 , through partial breakdown of the leptynite 

assemblage (Bt + Grt + Qtz + Fl 1 Opx + Fsp + 

Ilm + Fl 2 /L). Local fluid migration along steep 

foliation planes associated with large-scale D 3 

folds triggered the reaction. Orthopyroxene 

blastesis was confined to the centre of the domains, 

and an envelope formed in which the 

residing fluid caused secondary intergranular 

formation of chlorite, ore and carbonate, imparting 

the domains’ typical greenish-brown 

charnockite colour. The shape of the envelope, 

which varies from prolate in limbs to oblate in 

hinges of D 3 folds, is responsive to the local 

stress field. Comparison of chemical rock 

compositions supports the in situ formation of 

charnockite in leptynite. Subtle compositional 

differences are controlled by the changing 

mineralogy. Compared to the host leptynite, 

the charnockite domains are enriched in K 2 O, 

Ba, Rb and Sr, but depleted in FeO*, MnO, Y 

and Zr. The data obtained in this study provide 

conclusive evidence that the ellipsoidal charnockite 

domains do not represent remnants of 

stretched enderbite layers as proposed by 

Bhattacharya, Sen & Acharyya, but formed in 

situ in the leptynite as a result of localized 

synkinematic fluid migration late in the deformation 

history. 

2008020492 

马达加斯加岛中部新元古代伸展滑脱构 

造 : 对东非造山带裂解的启示 = Neoproterozoic 

extensional detachment in central 

Madagascar: implications for the collapse of 

the East African Orogen. ( 英文 ). Collins A; 

Razakamanana T; Windley B F. Geological 

Magazine, 2000, 137(1): 39-51 

A laterally extensive, Neoproterozoic extensional 

detachment (the Betsileo shear zone) 

142

is recognized in central Madagascar separating 

the Itremo sheet (consisting of Palaeoproterozoic 

to Mesoproterozoic sediments and underlying 

basement rocks) from the Antananarivo 

block (Archaean/Palaeoproterozoic crust remetamorphosed 

in the Neoproterozoic). Noncoaxial 

deformation gradually increases to a 

maximum at a lithological contrast between 

the granitoids and gneisses of the footwall and 

the metasedimentary rocks of the hangingwall. 

Ultramylonites at this highest-strained zone 

show mineral-elongation lineations that plunge 

to the southwest. 

and C/S-type fabrics imply top-to-thesouthwest 

extensional shear sense. Contrasting 

metamorphic grades are found either side of 

the shear zone. In the north, where this contrast 

is greatest, amphibolite-grade footwall 

rocks are juxtaposed with lower-greenschistgrade 

hangingwall rocks. The metamorphic 

grade in the hangingwall increases to the south, 

suggesting that a crustal section is preserved. 

The Betsileo shear zone facilitated crustalscale 

extensional collapse of the East African 

Orogeny, and thus represents a previously 

poorly recognized structural phase in the story 

of Gondwanan amalgamation. Granitic magmatism 

and granulite/amphibolite-grade 

metamorphism in the footwall are all associated 

with formation of the Betsileo shear zone, 

making recognition of this detachment important 

in any attempt to understand the tectonic 

evolution of central Gondwana. 

2008020493 

研究早太古代生命的一个新的窗口 : 南非 

3.2 Ga Moodies 群地球最古老的潮相碎屑 

岩沉积物中的微生物席 = A new window 

into Early Archean life: Microbial mats in 

Earth's oldest siliciclastic tidal deposits (3.2 

Ga Moodies Group, South Africa). ( 英文 ). 

Noffke N; Eriksson K A; Hazen R M; Simpson 

E L. Geology, 2006, 34(4): 253-256 

Newly discovered sedimentary structures 

produced by ancient microbial mats in Early 

Archean sandstones of the 3.2 Ga Moodies 

Group, South Africa, differ fundamentally in 

appearance and genesis from Early Archean 

stromatolites and bacterial cell fossils preserved 

in chert. Wrinkle structures, desiccation 

cracks, and roll-up structures record the 

previous existence of microbial mats that effectively 

stabilized sediment on the earliest 

known siliciclastic tidal flats. In thin-section, 

the sedimentary structures reveal carpet-like, 

laminated fabrics characteristic of microbial 

mats. Negative 13 C isotope ratios of –20.1 to – 

21.5 ± 0.2 are consistent with a biological origin 

for the carbon preserved in laminae. The 

biogenicity of the sedimentary structures in 

the Moodies Group is substantiated by comparative 

studies on identical mat-related features 

from similar tidal habitats throughout 

Earth history, including the present day. This 

study suggests that siliciclastic tidal-flat settings 

have been the habitat of thriving microbial 

ecosystems for at least 3.2 billion years. 

Independently of controversial silicified microfossils 

and stromatolites, the newly detected 

microbially induced sedimentary structures 

in sandstone support the presence of bacterial 

life in the Early Archean. 

2008020494 

南华系建系问题探讨 = Problems in defining 

the Nanhuan Period. ( 中文 ). 张启锐 ; 储雪蕾 . 

地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 222-228 

南华系的研究与关于成冰系的研究配合 

不多 , 把南华系简单地理解为原震旦系下统 , 

侧重于原震旦系下统底界年龄的测定 , 把国 

外给定的关于 " 成冰系 " 的起始年龄值 ( 即 

850Ma) 看得过重 , 忽略了它的不确定性 . 对 

于作为南华系主体的新元古代冰期地层的 

研究比较薄弱 , 与国际冰川沉积学研究水平 

差距大 . 为此 , 有必要根据界线层型剖面的 

要求开展建系工作 , 重点深入研究新元古代 

冰川沉积地层的基本特征 , 包括层序地层 

学、同位素地层学、磁性地层学、岩石地 

层学、化学地层学、生物地层学和年代地 

层学等 , 明确其内涵 , 寻找全球对比的界线 

标志 . 建议以贵州黎平肇兴剖面为代表开展 

候选层型剖面和层型点所需内容研究 . 

2008020495 

藏东波密 - 察隅地区新元古代 - 寒武纪波密群 

研究新进展 = Recent progress in the study of 

the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Bomi Group in 

the Bomi-Zayü area, eastern Tibet, China. ( 中 

文 ). 谢尧武 ; 彭兴阶 ; 强巴扎西 ; 西洛朗杰 ; 次 

仁央金 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(1): 81-87 

藏东新元古代 - 寒武纪波密群由一套浅变 

质的活动大陆边缘浊积岩和碰撞型岛弧中 

酸性火山岩组成 , 化石稀少 , 缺乏时代依 

据。1:20 万区调和新一轮 1:25 万区调修 

测专题研究在波密、察隅、贡山一带共采 

获微古植物化石 21 属 50 种 , 均为青、 

皖、浙、赣及滇中地区新元古代青白口 

纪、震旦纪及部分寒武纪早期较原始类型 

的常见分子。区域上可与高喜马拉雅的肉 

切村群 , 滇西的勐统群、公养河群和缅甸 

Chaung Magyi 群相对比。上述波密群活动 

143

大陆边缘浊积岩、碰撞型岛弧火山岩在经 

历了泛非末期壳源重熔花岗岩侵位 (500- 

600 Ma) 和褶皱变质作用 (644-664 Ma) 

之后 , 成为冈瓦纳大陆北缘增生褶皱变质 

基底的一部分。 

2008020496 

华北青白口系下马岭组凝灰岩锆石 

SHRIMP U-Pb 定年 = Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb 

dating of the tuff bed in the Xiamaling Formation 

of the Qingbaikouan System in North 

Chin. ( 中文 ). 高林志 ; 张传恒 ; 史晓颖 ; 周洪瑞 ; 

王自强 ;. 地质通报 , 2007, 26(2): 249-255 

华北中、新元古代地层一直是建立中国 

晚前寒武纪地层标准剖面的主要目标 , 其年 

代地层位置一直是地学界关注的基础地质 

问题。然而 , 许多关键层位仍缺乏高质量同 

位素年龄的约束。首次在华北青白口系下 

马岭组凝灰岩中获得大量岩浆型锆石 , 利用 

SHRIMP II 技术进行了高精度定年 , 测得凝 

灰岩层锆石 

206 Pb/ 238 U 加权平均年龄为 

1368Ma±12Ma。进而结合区域资料讨论了 

锆石年龄的地质意义。该同位素年代学资 

料为华北青白口系下马岭组最新的资料 , 不 

仅准确地确定了地层的形成时代 , 而且对整 

个华北地台中、新元古代地层地质演化史 

的认识有着重要的意义。 

2008020497 

关于东昆仑地区前寒武纪地质的几点认识 

= Some ideas of Precambrian geology in the 

East Kunlun, China. ( 中文 ). 王国灿 ; 魏启荣 ; 

贾春兴 ; 张克信 ; 李德威 ; 朱云海 ; 向树元 . 地质 

通报 , 2007, 26(8): 929-937 

以 1∶ 

25 万区域地质调查资料为基础 , 对 

东昆仑造山带前寒武纪地质演化的几个关 

键问题进行了探讨。东昆仑地区 

3206Ma±14 Ma 的锆石 

207 Pb/ 206 Pb 年龄信息表明 , 该区存在古太古 

代基底。代表东昆仑地区基底的 " 金水口岩 

群 " 可以解体为太古宙 — 古元古代的白沙河 

岩群和中元古代的小庙岩群 , 两者是 2 个不 

同构造旋回的产物。东昆仑地区万宝沟群 

的时代应限定在中元古代 , 而不能延续到新 

元古代。东昆仑地区的年代构造格架显示 , 

前寒武纪存在 3 次强烈的区域性构造热事 

件 , 分别发生在 2400~2500 Ma、1800~ 

1900 Ma 和大约 1000 Ma。1000 Ma 左右的 

聚合事件导致中元古代分隔的不同小陆块 

的有限裂解小洋盆闭合 , 陆块聚合形成 " 西 

域板块 ", 并可能是整个 Rodinia 超大陆的组 

成部分。 

古生界 

2008020498 

欧美煤田带中 Asturian(Westphalian D) 

石松类的古植物地理学 = Phytogeography of 

Asturian (Westphalian D) lycophytes 

throughout the Euramerican belt of coalfields. 

( 英文 ). Thomas B A. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(3): 457-463 

A summary is given of the lycophyte species 

as distributed in fifteen Euramerican coalfields 

during Asturian (Westphalian D) times. 

The datasets from the coalfields are analysed 

using unweighted pair group cluster analyses 

of Jaccard’s Coefficients. Separate analyses 

were done on the full dataset (the full list of 

morphospecies) and on a more restricted dataset 

(only the morphospecies of vegetative organs). 

Three groupings of coalfields were resolved 

in the analyses. The two most clearly 

defined groupings represented the intramontane 

basin coalfields, and the coalfields of the 

lowland basins on the Variscan foreland 

where the lycophyte floras are well documented. 

The third grouping included those 

basins with less well-studied lycophyte floras, 

where the apparently low species diversity has 

undoubtedly affected the results. More work is 

needed on these poorly documented floras to 

produce a more rigorous phytogeographical 

analysis. 

2008020499 

英国南威尔士煤田的 Westphalian- 

Stephanian 植物大化石的记录 = The Westphalian–Stephanian 

macrofloral record from 

the South Wales Coalfield, UK. ( 英文 ). Cleal 

C J. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 465- 

486 

The South Wales Coalfield has the most 

complete Westphalian macrofloral record 

anywhere on the Variscan Foreland or adjacent 

basins, with 135 biodiversity-meaningful 

morphospecies having been recognized. All of 

the standard macrofloral biozones of the 

Westphalian Stage have been recognized, although 

a detailed comparison with the Central 

Pennines Coalfields has indicated some discrepancies 

in the relative positions of the biozonal 

boundaries. Total Species Richness progressively 

increases through the Langsettian 

Substage, and then remains relatively stable 

through most of the Duckmantian and Bolsovian 

substages. There is a distinct reduction in 

Total Species Richness towards the top of the 

Bolsovian Substage, but this partially recovers 

in the middle Asturian Substage with the ap- 

144

pearance of a range of marattialean ferns, and 

medullosalean and callistophytaleans pteridosperms. 

There is no evidence of any significant 

drop in Total Species Richness towards 

the top of the succession, indicating that conditions 

at this time were relatively stable. The 

change from coastal floodplain to alluvial 

braidplain conditions in middle Bolsovian 

times correlates with a marked increase in the 

proportion of medullosalean remains being 

preserved in the adpression record, reflecting 

an expansion of the clastic-substrate habitats. 

2008020500 

密西西比亚系到宾夕法尼亚亚系煤系演替 

的沉积历史 : 以波兰上西里西亚煤田为例 

= Sedimentary history of a Mississippian to 

Pennsylvanian coal-bearing succession: an 

example from the Upper Silesia Coal Basin, 

Poland. ( 英文 ). Kedzior A; Gradzinski R; 

Doktor M; Gmur D. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(3): 487-496 

The coal-bearing succession of the Upper 

Silesia Coal Basin consists of deposits filling a 

flexural foredeep basin. Accumulation initially 

compensated for regional and differentiated 

subsidence, after which the general depositional 

surface remained nearly flat. The deposition 

of the coal-bearing succession started at 

the end of Mississippian times (Pendleian 

Subage) and continued with hiatuses through 

almost the whole of Pennsylvanian times, and 

stopped in the Westphalian D Subage. The up 

to 8500 m thick coal-bearing succession traditionally 

has been divided into four main units 

called ‘Series’, and all of them are subdivided 

into subsidiary units known as ‘Beds’. The 

occurrence of the intervals containing marine 

faunas within the lower ‘Paralic’ part of the 

coal-bearing succession resulted from eustatic 

ingressions. The higher ‘Limnic’ part of the 

succession was laid down in fluvial systems, 

while the lower part was formed mostly in a 

fluvial and, to a lesser extent, complex coastal 

system. Sedimentation of the coal-bearing 

succession was controlled by both autogenic 

and allogenic factors. 

2008020501 

保加利亚东北 Dobrudzha 煤田 

Westphalian 晚期到 Stephanian 早期的沉 

积 = Late Westphalian and early Stephanian 

sediments of the Dobrudzha Coalfield, NE 

Bulgaria. ( 英文 ). Tenchov Y G. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 497-511 

The Bolsovian to Cantabrian sediments in 

the Dobrudzha Coal Field are about 800 m 

thick. They were deposited in a depression 

bounded to the east, south and west by active 

synsedimentary faults. Most of the succession 

is coal-bearing clay- and siltstones, including 

occasional lacustrine deposits with fresh water 

faunas (molluscs and ostracods). Basin-wide 

sandstone intervals are associated with two 

periods of erosion and non-sequence. There 

are also localized sandstone bodies with 

vitrinized plant remains associated with the 

basin-margin faults. Conglomerates are only 

thin and rarely developed, and pebbles are 

only rarely found in the sandstones. There are 

only three basin-wide coals (m5 at the middle 

Makdonka Formation, n1 at the base of the 

Krupen formation and p3 in the middle Gurkovo 

Formation) representing times of diminished 

influx of clastic sediment, and thus of 

reduced movement along the basin-margin 

faults. Based on the depth of the erosive 

down-cutting, it is estimated that the elevation 

of the basin was at least 180 m above sea-level. 

The area surrounding the basin is supposed to 

be an alluvial plain covered with vegetation 

and swamps. The dense vegetation cover suggests 

periods of high precipitation, whereas 

dry conditions with active weathering are 

most probable during deposition of the Velkovo 

Formation. Volcanic activity occurred 

near to the depression, perhaps related to the 

boundary faults. In the stratigraphically highest 

part of the succession (the Kabalak Member), 

volcaniclastics are the main component 

of the detritic sediments. The basin eventually 

inverted to become a horst around which Permian 

sediments were deposited. 

2008020502 

华北板块北部边缘中泥盆世崮山闪长岩深 

成岩体的成因及其构造意义 = Petrogenesis 

of the Middle Devonian Gushan diorite pluton 

on the northern margin of the North China 

block and its tectonic implications. ( 英文 ). 

Zhang Shuanhong; Zhao Yue; Song Biao; Liu 

Dunyi. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(3): 

553-568 

The Gushan diorite pluton, located at the 

northern margin of the North China block, 

was emplaced during Middle Devonian times 

(SHRIMP U–Pb zircon age of 390 ± 5 Ma). 

Rocks from the pluton are characterized by 

low SiO2 and high alkali contents, and they 

show monzodiorite compositions in a total 

alkali v. silica (TAS) plot. They exhibit light 

REE-enrichment, no to slightly positive Eu 

145

anomalies, strong depletion in Rb, Th, U, Nb, 

Ta, P, Zr, Hf and Ti, enrichment in Ba, K and 

Sr, low contents of Y and Yb, and high Sr/Y 

ratios. They have a relatively narrow range of 

isotopic compositions with initial 87Sr/86Sr 

ratios of ~ 0.7050, Nd(T) values of –9.5 to – 

7.5 and zircon Hf(T) values from –11.8 to – 

5.8. These features are remarkably similar to 

another Middle Devonian intrusion, the 

Shuiquangou syenitic complex at the northern 

margin of the North China block. These similarities 

suggest that the two intrusions probably 

have a common origin. They were considered 

to be derived from a type I enriched mantle, 

ultimately with some involvement of ancient 

lower crustal components, and were 

likely emplaced in a back-arc extension environment 

related to southward subduction of 

the Palaeo-Asian oceanic plate or during the 

cessation of the subduction. Aluminium-inhornblende 

barometry studies of the Middle 

Devonian Gushan pluton yielded emplacement 

depths of about 18 km. Combined with 

previous geobarometry results on the Carboniferous 

plutons within the Inner Mongolia Palaeo-uplift 

on the northern margin of the North 

China block, it is inferred that the uplift and 

exhumation of the plutons within the Inner 

Mongolia Palaeo-uplift during Middle Devonian 

to Late Carboniferous times were not as 

distinct as those during Late Carboniferous to 

Early Jurassic times, and the strong uplift and 

exhumation of the Inner Mongolia Palaeouplift 

were achieved during Late Carboniferous 

to Early Jurassic times. 

2008020503 

西伯利亚地台西北部 Sukharikha 河剖面前 

寒武纪 - 寒武纪的碳同位素地层学 = Carbon 

isotope stratigraphy of the Precambrian– 

Cambrian Sukharikha River section, northwestern 

Siberian platform. ( 英文 ). Kouchinsky 

A; Bengtson S; Pavlov V; Runnegar B; 

Torssander P; Yong E; Ziegler K. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(4): 609-618 

A high-resolution carbon isotope profile 

through the uppermost Neoproterozoic–Lower 

Cambrian part of the Sukharikha section at the 

northwestern margin of the Siberian platform 

shows prominent secular oscillations of 13C 

with peak-to-peak range of 6–10 . There are 

six minima, 1n–6n, and seven maxima 1p–7p, 

in the Sukharikha Formation and a rising trend 

of 13C from the minimum 1n of –8.6 to 

maximum 6p of + 6.4 . The trough 1n probably 

coincides with the isotopic minimum at 

the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary worldwide. 

Highly positive 13C values of peaks 5p 

and 6p are typical of the upper portion of the 

Precambrian–Cambrian transitional beds just 

beneath the Tommotian Stage in Siberia. A 

second rising trend of 13C is observed through 

the Krasnoporog and lower Shumny formations. 

It consists of four excursions with four 

major maxima that can be correlated with 

Tommotian–Botomian peaks II, IV, V, and 

VII of the reference profile from the southeastern 

Siberian platform. According to the 

chemostratigraphic correlation, the first appearances 

of the index forms of archaeocyaths 

are earlier in the Sukharikha section than in 

the Lena–Aldan region. 

2008020504 

波兰 Holy Cross 山 Brzechow 地区的寒武 

纪三叶虫及其在地层对比及古生物地理重 

建中的意义 = Cambrian trilobites from 

Brzechów, Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) 

and their significance in stratigraphic correlation 

and biogeographic reconstructions. ( 英文 ). 

Zylinska A; Masiak M. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(4): 661-686 

A revision of the trilobite fauna from 

Brzechów in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) 

shows that the assemblage consists of 

Palaeolenus medius (Bednarczyk), Issafeniella 

orlowinensis (Samsonowicz), Kingaspidoides 

sanctacrucensis (Czarnocki), Paradoxides 

(Acadoparadoxides) oelandicus 

Sjögren, P. (A.) cf. mureroensis Sdzuy and P. 

(A.) sp. It is earliest Middle Cambrian in age 

according to the West Gondwana standard of 

Geyer & Landing (2004) and can be correlated 

with the Cephalopyge notabilis Zone of Morocco. 

Moreover, the co-occurrence of the 

ranges of P. (A.) oelandicus with P. (A.) cf. 

mureroensis might suggest that P. (A.) oelandicus 

appears earlier in the Brzechów 

sandstones than in Scandinavia, thus the strata 

exposed here do not find their correlative in 

the Scandinavian succession. As a result, the 

Banian/Agdzian boundary (Lower–Middle 

Cambrian boundary according to the West 

Gondwana standard) probably lies within the 

Kamieniec Formation, and also below the 

Brzechów sandstones, in the upper part of the 

Ocieski Formation. Close similarity of the 

discussed assemblage with contemporaneous 

assemblages from Morocco, Jordan or New 

Brunswick indicates that the fauna is generally 

of peri-Gondwanan and Gondwanan aspect. 

2008020505 

146

新西兰二叠纪至侏罗纪构造地层地体的起 

源比较 : 岩屑锆石年龄模式的观察 = 

Provenance comparisons of Permian to Jurassic 

tectonostratigraphic terranes in New Zealand: 

perspectives from detrital zircon age 

patterns. ( 英文 ). Adams C J; Campbell H J; 

Griffin W L. Geological Magazine, 2007, 

144(4): 701-729 

U–Pb detrital zircon ages (LAM-ICPMS) 

are reported for 20 greywackes and sandstones 

from seven major tectonostratigraphic terranes 

of the Eastern Province of New Zealand (Cretaceous 

to Carboniferous) to constrain sediment 

provenances. Samples are mainly from 

three time horizons: Late Permian, Late Triassic 

and Late Jurassic. Age datasets are analysed 

as percentages in geological intervals, 

and in histogram and cumulative probability 

diagrams. The latter discriminate significant 

zircon age components in terms of terrane, 

sample stratigraphic age, component age, precision 

and percentage (of total set). Zircon age 

distributions from all samples have persistent, 

large Triassic–Permian, and very few Devonian–Silurian, 

populations, features which 

exclude a sediment provenance from the early 

Palaeozoic, Lachlan Fold Belt of southeast 

Australia or continuations in New Zealand and 

Antarctica. In the accretionary terranes, significant 

Palaeozoic (and Precambrian) zircon 

age populations are present in Torlesse and 

Waipapa terranes, and variably in Caples terrane. 

In the fore-arc and back-arc terranes, a 

unimodal character persists in Murihiku and 

Brook Street terranes, while Dun Mountain– 

Maitai terrane is more variable, and with 

Caples terrane, displays a hybrid character. 

Required extensive Triassic–Permian zircon 

sources can only be found within the New 

England Fold Belt and Hodgkinson Province 

of northeast Australia, and southward continuations 

to Dampier Ridge, Lord Howe Rise 

and West Norfolk Ridge (Tasman Sea). Small 

but significant Palaeozoic (and Precambrian) 

age components in the accretionary terranes 

(plus Dun Mountain–Maitai terrane), have 

sources in hinterlands of the New England 

Fold Belt, in particular to mid-Palaeozoic 

granite complexes in NE Queensland, and 

Carboniferous granite complexes in NE New 

South Wales. Major and minor components 

place sources (1) for the older Torlesse (Rakaia) 

terrane, in NE Queensland, and (2) for 

Waipapa terrane, in NE New South Wales, 

with Dun Mountain–Maitai and Caples terrane 

sources more inshore and offshore, respectively. 

In Early Jurassic–Late Cretaceous, Torlesse 

(Pahau) and Waipapa terranes, there is 

less continental influence, and more isolated, 

offshore volcanic arc sources are suggested. 

There is local input of plutonic rock detritus 

into Pahau depocentres from the Median Batholith 

in New Zealand, or its northward continuation 

on Lord Howe Rise. Excepting 

Murihiku and Brook Street terranes, all others 

are suspect terranes, with depocentres close to 

the contemporary Gondwanaland margin in 

NE Australia, and subsequent margin-parallel, 

tectonic transport to their present New Zealand 

position. This is highlighted by a slight 

southeastward migration of terrane depocentres 

with time. Murihiku and Brook Street terrane 

sources are more remote from continental 

influences and represent isolated offshore volcanic 

depocentres, perhaps in their present 

New Zealand position. 

2008020506 

英国 Bath Spa 温泉的形成 = The formation 

of the hot springs at Bath Spa, UK. ( 英文 ). 

Gallois R. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(4): 

741-747 

The hot springs that emerge at 46 °C in the 

centre of Bath Spa, Somerset, are unique in the 

UK. The four other thermal springs in Britain 

are also sourced in the Carboniferous Limestone, 

but they emerge at significantly lower 

temperatures (20 to 28 °C). Bath is situated in 

a region of low geothermal gradient (about 20 

°C/km depth) in a geological setting that 

seems an unlikely place for hot springs. Why 

then are these the only hot springs in Britain, 

and why are they confined to such a small (20 

x 80 m) area? The explanation presented here 

involves a sequence of geological events involving 

Triassic dissolution and Pleistocene 

permafrost that is unique to central Bath. 

2008020507 

泥盆纪 (Givetian , Frasnian ) 时期 

odontopleuroid 三叶虫的生物多样性、分 

布和绝灭模式 = Biodiversity, distribution 

and patterns of extinction of the last odontopleuroid 

trilobites during the Devonian 

(Givetian, Frasnian). ( 英文 ). Feist R; Mcnamara 

K J. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(5): 

777-796 

Biostratigraphical ranges and palaeogeographical 

distribution of mid-Givetian to 

end-Frasnian odontopleurids are investigated. 

The discovery of Leonaspis rhenohercynica sp. 

nov. in mid-Givetian strata extends this genus 

unexpectedly up to the late Middle Devonian. 

New material of Radiaspis radiata (Goldfuss, 

147

1843) and the first koneprusiine in Britain, 

Koneprusia? sp., are described from the famous 

Lummaton shell-bed, Torquay, Devon. 

New taxa of Koneprusia, K. serrensis, K. 

aboussalamae, K. brevispina, and K. sp. A 

and K. sp. B are defined. Ceratocephala (Leonaspis) 

harborti Richter & Richter, 1926, is 

revised and reassigned to Gondwanaspis Feist, 

2002. Two new species of Gondwanaspis, G. 

dracula and G. spinosa, plus three others left 

in open nomenclature, are described from the 

late Frasnian of Western Australia. A further 

species of Gondwanaspis, G. prisca, is described 

from the early Frasnian of Montagne 

Noire. Species of Gondwanaspis are shown to 

possess a number of paedomorphic features. A 

functional analysis suggests that, unlike other 

odontopleurids, Gondwanaspis actively fed 

and rested with the same cephalic orientation. 

The sole odontopleurid survivors of the severe 

terminal mid-Givetian biocrisis (‘Taghanic 

Event’) belong to the koneprusiine Koneprusia 

in the late Givetian and Frasnian, and, of 

cryptogenic origin, the acidaspidine Gondwanaspis 

in the Frasnian. Whereas the former 

became extinct in the late Frasnian at the 

Lower Kellwasser Event, the latter disappeared, 

and with it the entire Odontopleuroidea, 

at the terminal Frasnian Upper 

Kellwasser global biocrisis. 

2008020508 

冈瓦纳西部墨西哥地区寒武纪末到早奥陶 

纪的地层序列 :Tinu 组的生物群和层序地 

层学 = Terminal Cambrian and lowest Ordovician 

succession of Mexican West Gondwana: 

biotas and sequence stratigraphy of the Tiñu 

Formation. ( 英文 ). Landing E; Westrop S R; 

Keppie J D. Geological Magazine, 2007, 

144(6): 909-936 

The Tiñu Formation of Oaxaca State is the 

only fossiliferous lower Palaeozoic unit between 

the Laurentian platform in northwest 

Mexico and Gondwanan successions in Andean 

South America. The Tiñu traditionally 

has been referred to the Lower Ordovician 

(Tremadoc) and regarded as having a provincially 

mixed fauna with Laurentian, Avalonian, 

and Gondwanan elements. Bio- and 

lithostratigraphic re-evaluation demonstrates 

that the Tiñu is a Gondwanan, passive margin 

succession. It includes a lower, thin (to 16 m), 

condensed, uppermost Cambrian Yudachica 

Member (new). The Yudachica nonconformably 

overlies middle Proterozoic basement as 

a result of very high late Late Cambrian 

eustatic levels. The Yudachica changes from 

storm-dominated, but slightly dysoxic, shelf 

facies (fossil hash limestone and shale) in the 

south to an upper slope facies with debris 

flows 50 km to the north. Three biostratigraphically 

distinct depositional sequences 

comprise the Yudachica. The Yudachica has 

Gondwanan-aspect trilobites with lowdiversity 

conodonts characteristic of unrestricted 

marine/temperate facies. The upper 

Tiñu, or Río Salinas Member (new), is a 

Lower Ordovician (Tremadoc) depositional 

sequence that records strong early, but not 

earliest, Tremadoc eustatic rise marked by 

graptolite- and olenid-bearing dysoxic mudstones. 

Higher strata shoal upward into shellhash 

limestones and proximal tempestite sandstones 

with upper lower Tremadocian unrestricted 

marine/temperate conodonts. New 

taxa include Orminskia rexroadae Landing 

gen. et sp. nov. from the Cordylodus andresi 

Zone; this euconodont is related to hyaline 

coniform genera best known from Ordovician 

tropical platform successions. Cornuodus? 

clarkei Landing sp. nov. resembles the coeval, 

upper lower Tremadoc tropical species Scalpellodus 

longipinnatus (Ji & Barnes). 

2008020509 

瑞典 Lapland 地区一个新的下寒武统始盘 

虫类三叶虫动物群 : 对洲际对比的启示 = 

A new lower Cambrian eodiscoid trilobite 

fauna from Swedish Lapland and its implications 

for intercontinental correlation. ( 英文 ). 

Axheimer N; Ahlberg P; Cederstrom P. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(6): 953-961 

A lower Cambrian eodiscoid trilobite fauna 

and an associated holmiid trilobite, Holmia sp., 

are described from a bioclastic limestone at 

the top of the Torneträsk Formation in the 

Luobákti section, south of Lake Torneträsk, 

northern Sweden. Other associated polymerid 

trilobites include Orodes? lapponica and 

Strenuaeva inflata. The precise age of the trilobite 

fauna cannot be determined, but its generic 

composition and stratigraphical position 

at the top of the lower Cambrian suggest that 

it was recovered from the Ornamentaspis? 

linnarssoni Assemblage Zone. Two species of 

eodiscoids are present: Neocobboldia aff. dentata 

and Chelediscus acifer. The latter species 

is known previously from England and southeastern 

Newfoundland, and provides a novel 

link between upper lower Cambrian successions 

in Baltica and Avalonia. 

2008020510 

148

西班牙中部 Ollo de Sapo Domain 地区变质 

火山岩和变质花岗岩的锆石年龄 : 对 

Iberia 地区新元古代到早古生代演化的启 

示 = Zircon ages of the metavolcanic rocks 

and metagranites of the Ollo de Sapo Domain 

in central Spain: implications for the Neoproterozoic 

to Early Palaeozoic evolution of 

Iberia. ( 英文 ). Montero P; Bea F; Gonzalez- 

Lodeiro F; Talavera C; Whitehouse M J. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(6): 963-976 

Dating the pre-Middle Ordovician metavolcanic 

rocks and metagranites of the Ollo de 

Sapo Domain has, historically, been difficult 

because of the small compositional variation, 

the effects of the Variscan orogeny and, as 

revealed in this paper, the unusually high fraction 

of inherited zircon components. The first 

reliable zircon data (U–Pb ion microprobe and 

Pb–Pb stepwise evaporation) indicate that the 

Ollo de Sapo volcanism spanned 495 ± 5 Ma 

to 483 ± 3 Ma, and was followed by the intrusion 

of high-level granites from 483 ± 3 Ma to 

474 ± 4 Ma. In both metavolcanic rocks and 

metagranites, no less than 70–80 % of zircon 

grains are either totally Precambrian or contain 

a Precambrian core overgrown by a Cambro- 

Ordovician rim. About 80–90 % of inherited 

zircons are Early Ediacaran (602–614 Ma) and 

derived from calc-alkaline intermediate to felsic 

igneous rocks generated at the end of the 

Pan-African arc–continent collision. In the 

Villadepera region, located to the west, both 

the metagranites and metavolcanic rocks also 

contain Meso-Archaean zircons (3.0–3.2 Ga) 

which ultimately originated from the West 

African Craton. In the Hiendelaencina region, 

located to the east, both the metagranites and 

metavolcanic rocks lack Meso-Archaean zircons, 

but they have two different inherited 

zircon populations, one Cryogenian (650–700 

Ma) and the other Tonian (850–900 Ma), 

which suggest older-than-Ediacaran additional 

island-arc components. The different proportion 

of source components and the marked 

variation of the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr init . suggest, at least 

tentatively, that the across-arc polarity of the 

remnants of the Pan-African arc of Iberia 

trended east–west (with respect to the current 

coordinates) during Cambro-Ordovician times, 

and that the passive margin was situated to the 

west. 

2008020511 

最早石松类的年代 : 澳大利亚维多利亚地 

区志留纪的 Baragwanathia 植物群 = The 

age of the earliest club mosses: the Silurian 

Baragwanathia flora in Victoria, Australia. ( 英 

文 ). Rickards R B. Geological Magazine, 

2000, 137(2): 207-209 

It is argued that there is overwhelming evidence 

from a good graptolite record that the 

earliest club mosses on Earth were of Gorstian 

(Ludlow, Silurian) age, and that Baragwanathia 

longifolia Lang & Cookson and its 

associated flora persisted through the Pídolí 

and into the early Devonian, showing some 

changes during this time. 

2008020512 

早志留世 13C 正漂移及其与冰川、海平面 

变化和绝灭事件的关系 = Early Silurian 

positive 13C excursions and their relationship 

to glaciations, sea-level changes and extinction 

events. ( 英文 ). Loydell D K. Geological 

Journal, 2007, 42(5): 531 - 546 

Evidence is presented from the upper Aeronian, 

lower Sheinwoodian and middle 

Homerian demonstrating that positive 13 C 

excursions in the lower Silurian are the result 

of increased carbonate weathering and probably 

also enhanced burial of organic carbon 

coincident with sea-level falls resulting from 

growth of ice sheets on the South American 

part of Gondwana. Graptolite extinctions are 

coincident with the 13 C excursions, whereas 

major conodont extinction events (Ireviken 

and Mulde) are not, but conversely, occur at 

times of high sea level. This suggests very 

different controls on graptolite and conodont 

global diversity patterns. Palynological studies 

suggest that netromorph acritarchs may have 

been opportunists that flourished during positive 

13 C excursion intervals. 

2008020513 

印度中北部司皮提峡谷印度喜马拉雅北部 

寒武纪地层和沉积史 = Cambrian stratigraphy 

and depositional history of the northern 

Indian Himalaya, Spiti Valley, north-central 

India. ( 英文 ). Myrow P M; Thompson K R; 

Hughes N C; Paulsen T S; Sell B K; Parcha S 

K. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 

2006, 118(3-4): 491-510 

Recent work on Himalayan tectonics indicates 

that prior to the Cenozoic collision of 

India and Asia, an enigmatic Cambrian– 

Ordovician event may have strongly influenced 

the regional geology of the Himalaya. 

Stratigraphic and sedimentological analyses of 

well-preserved Cambrian deposits are critical 

for understanding the nature of this early tectonic 

event and its influence on the later tec- 

149

tonic evolution of the Himalaya. The Parahio 

Formation, defined herein, of the Parahio Valley, 

Spiti region, in the Tethyan Himalaya of 

India, is the best biostratigraphically resolved 

section of Cambrian strata in the entire Himalaya. 

This formation consists of >1350 m of 

dominantly siliciclastic deltaic deposits. The 

formation ranges from uppermost Lower 

Cambrian (Lungwangmiaoan Stage) to middle 

Middle Cambrian (Hsuchuangian Stage), representing 

a time span of 5–10 m.y. It contains 

numerous medium-scale shoaling cycles that 

range from storm-influenced offshore deposits 

to thick trough cross-bedded fluvial facies. 

Many thin carbonate beds with abundant trilobite 

fossils directly overlie the fluvial facies 

and represent transgressive systems tract deposits. 

The cycles are interpreted to have resulted 

from delta-lobe switching, based on a 

lack of systematic stratigraphic changes in 

cycle or facies thicknesses. This paleoenvironmental 

reconstruction contradicts previous 

interpretations of this unit that range from 

deep-sea flysch to shallow-marine tidalites. In 

addition, our paleoenvironmental analysis and 

paleocurrent data suggest that the uppermost 

Lower to Middle Cambrian deposits of the 

Lesser and Tethyan Himalaya are parts of the 

same ancient northward-prograding, fluvialdeltaic 

depositional system of the paleo- 

Tethys margin of India. An angular unconformity 

with overlying Ordovician conglomeratic 

rocks has considerable local relief, with 

meter-scale scours and a valley fill >100 m 

thick. The scours have northeast-southwest 

orientations, which parallel both the paleocurrents 

in the underlying Parahio Formation as 

well as published paleocurrent readings from 

the coarse red beds of the overlying Ordovician 

strata. The Cambrian–Ordovician unconformity 

is of regional extent, and our recent 

biostratigraphic database indicates that the 

minimum hiatus associated with the unconformity 

in Spiti is 15 m.y. Our sedimentological 

analysis and associated paleocurrent data 

from the Parahio Formation, along with additional 

data from units both above and below 

the unconformity, indicate that published 

models portraying foreland basin development 

at this time with southward-directed thrusting 

are problematic. An alternate possibility—that 

uplift took place south of the Tethyan Himalaya—is 

also problematic, because no published 

stratigraphic or structural evidence exists 

for such an uplift to the south for either the 

Greater or the Lesser Himalaya lithotectonic 

zones. 

2008020514 

美国内华达西北部 Quinn 河渡口二叠 - 三叠 

系界线剖面及对西泛大陆边缘早三叠世燧 

石间断层成因的意义 = A Permian–Triassic 

boundary section at Quinn River Crossing, 

northwestern Nevada, and implications for the 

cause of the Early Triassic chert gap on the 

western Pangean margin. ( 英文 ). Sperling E A; 

Ingle J C, Jr.. Geological Society of America 

Bulletin, 2006, 118(5-6): 733-746 

The Upper Permian–Lower Triassic Quinn 

River Formation in northwestern Nevada was 

previously thought to represent an incomplete 

Permian–Triassic boundary sequence, owing 

to an inferred disconformable relationship between 

Permian radiolarian- and spicule-rich 

chert and overlying Triassic siltstone. Petrographic 

and geochemical studies demonstrate 

that the "siltstone" is in fact a radiolarianbearing 

early authi-genic dolomicrite, with 

both the chert and dolomicrite deposited conformably 

in deep water. Chert production declined 

or ceased in the Late Permian and reappeared 

in the Spathian, forming a widespread 

"chert gap" in Permian–Triassic sequences. 

Given the conformable lithofacies relationships, 

deep-water depositional setting, new 

radiolarian data extending ranges of key taxa, 

and the presence of the global chert gap, sedimentation 

in the Quinn River Formation was 

apparently continuous across the Permian– 

Triassic boundary. This represents the first 

Permian–Triassic boundary section in the 

United States portion of the North American 

Cordillera, and one of the few deep-water sections 

worldwide. Organic carbon isotope 

stratigraphy of the Quinn River Formation 

displays multiple excursions through sediments 

of Wuchiapingian–Anisian age, with a 

negative excursion 1.54 m above the chertshale 

transition likely representing the Permian–Triassic 

boundary. The multiple excursions 

in the organic carbon record verify studies 

of the carbonate carbon record in China 

that suggest instability in the isotopic record 

throughout the Early Triassic, and demonstrate 

that the Permian–Triassic boundary isotope 

excursion was not an isolated event. Stratigraphic 

variation in redox-sensitive trace metals 

indicates that seawater became less oxic 

slightly before the chert-shale transition, in 

turn impacting siliceous sponge communities 

and creating the widespread chert gap. The 

distinctive dolomicrites in the Quinn River 

Formation represent a widespread lithofacies 

deposited in many localities during the Late 

150

Permian–Early Triassic and express early 

authigenic formation of dolomite via microbial 

sulfate reduction in organic-rich, lowoxygen 

environments. 

2008020515 

南极横贯南极山脉中部二叠 - 三叠系界线 = 

Permian-Triassic boundary in the central 

Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. ( 英文 ). 

Collinson J W; Hammer W R; Askin R A; 

Elliot D H. Geological Society of America 

Bulletin, 2006, 118(5-6): 747-763 

The Permian-Triassic boundary occurs 

within a relatively complete terrestrial sequence 

in the Shackleton Glacier area of the 

central Transantarctic Mountains. The boundary 

is within a 7- to 10-m-thick interval between 

the Permian Glossopteris flora and the 

Lower Triassic Lystrosaurus fauna. This interval, 

representing on the order of 200 k.y., records 

some of the events that occurred in the 

transition from the Permian to Triassic. In the 

best-documented section at Graphite Peak in 

the Beardmore Glacier region, Protohaploxypinus 

microcorpus zone palynomorphs, which 

we assign to the latest Permian, record the declining 

Glossopteris flora and occur near the 

top of the Buckley coal measures, just below a 

previously reported major negative 13 C excursion. 

In the Shackleton Glacier area, the Permian 

Glossopteris flora, including fossil wood, 

roots, and leaves, occurs within the lower part 

of the Fremouw Formation. The Antarctic Lystrosaurus 

assemblage of Early Triassic age 

has several species in common with the South 

African fauna that lived 20° to 35° closer to 

the equator. The migration of vertebrates from 

southern Africa into Antarctica in the Early 

Triassic supports hypotheses of runaway 

greenhouse warming possibly related to CO 2 

emissions from Siberian flood basalts and 

large methane gas releases. Changes in flora 

bracketing the first of the major negative 13 C 

anomalies near the boundary in Antarctica and 

in East Greenland support the hypothesis that 

a global event, perhaps through mutations 

caused by enhanced ultraviolet radiation, may 

have played a role in the destruction of floras. 

2008020516 

奥陶 - 志留系界线地层生物带的全球对比 = 

A global correlation of biozones across the 

Ordovician-Silurian boundary. ( 中文 ). 陈旭 ; 

戎嘉余 ; 樊隽轩 ; 詹仁斌 ; 张元动 ; 李荣玉 ; 王怿 ; 

米切尔 ; 哈帕尔 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(1): 

100-114 

详述扬子区晚奥陶世晚期 ( 阿什极期 ) 至兰 

多维列世初期的生物带序列 , 修正部分的笔 

石带 , 与全球各重要地区进行对比。研究表 

明 , 全球奥陶系顶部赫南特亚阶及其上下地 

层在我国的扬子区发育最好 , 地层连续发育 

并广泛出露 , 生物带发育齐全 , 不但有连续的 

笔石带 , 而且有世界广布的赫南特贝腕足动 

物群 , 有望在我国建立赫南特亚阶的全球层 

型剖面和点 (GSSP)。 

2008020517 

湖南泥盆纪棋子桥期层状礁的对比研究 = 

Comparative study on the Middle Devonian 

(Qiziqiao stage) biostromes in Hunan. ( 中文 ). 

柳祖汉 ; 杨孟达 ; 刘新华 ; 杨荣丰 . 古生物学 

报 , 2000, 39(2): 279-284 

湖南泥盆纪棋子桥期的生物层状礁分布 

很广 , 类型也很复杂。根据它们不同的古生 

态特征 , 可分为 6 种类型。不同类型分布在 

不同的古地理位置上 , 分别形成不同的沉积 

环境。某些类型的层状礁与其后形成的边 

缘礁关系密切 , 对寻找边缘礁具有重要的指 

示意义。 

2008020518 

滇西保山地区石炭纪、二叠纪古动物地理 

演化 = Carboniferous and Permian zoogeographical 

change of the Baoshan block, 

Southwest China. ( 中文 ). 王向东 ;T Sugiyama;K 

Ueno;Y Mizuno; 李一军 ; 王伟 ; 段卫 

先 ; 姚金昌 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 493- 

506 1 图版 . 

探讨滇西保山地块晚古生代蜓类、有孔 

虫、珊瑚、牙形刺、腕足类等动物群的古 

生物地理属性 , 根据牙形刺和蜓类化石 , 确定 

长期争论的丁家寨组的时代为 Artinskian 期 , 

小型单体珊瑚 Cyathaxonia 动物群可出现在 

从早石炭世到二叠纪的多种沉积环境中 , 不 

一定指示冷水冈瓦纳型。根据沉积特征及 

对环境特别敏感的珊瑚和蜓类动物群的分 

布特点 , 结合全球构造事件 , 恢复保山地块的 

古地理演化模式。早石炭世以碳酸盐岩沉 

积为主 , 含礁型复体珊瑚和高分异度的大型 

单体珊瑚及丰富的有孔虫化石 , 保山地块应 

位于低纬度地区。受 Namurian 抬升运动的 

影响 , 晚石炭世沉积缺失 , 向南漂移 , 至早二叠 

世 (Cisuralian) , 保山地块再次接受海侵 , 沉 

积物以碎屑岩为主 , 含杂砾岩及冷温动物群 , 

位于中低纬度地区。Artinskian 晚期至 

Kungurian 期 , 保山地块转而向北漂移 , 至中 

二叠世 Wordian 期 , 已处于低纬度地区 , 以碳 

151

酸盐岩沉积为主 , 含低分异度的有孔虫及复 

体珊瑚。这一演变模式与掸泰马、腾冲、 

拉萨、西羌塘、南帕米尔、阿富汗中南部 

及伊朗南部等地块可以对比 , 说明它们同属 

于基默里区或边缘冈瓦纳区。 

2008020519 

二叠纪末绝灭后复苏的定时 : 来自中国南 

方的地质年代和生物地层的约束 = Timing 

of recovery from the end-Permian extinction: 

Geochronologic and biostratigraphic constraints 

from south China. ( 英文 ). Lehrmann 

D J; Ramezani J; Bowring S A; Martin M W; 

Montgomery P; Enos P; Payne J L; Michael J. 

Orchard M J; Wang Hongmei; Wei Jiayong. 

Geology, 2006, 34(12): 1053-1056 

Four volcanic-ash beds bracket the Early- 

Middle Triassic boundary, as defined by 

conodont biostratigraphy, in a stratigraphic 

section in south China. High-precision U-Pb 

dates of single zircons allow us to place the 

Early to Middle Triassic (Olenekian-Anisian) 

boundary at 247.2 Ma. Magnetic-reversal 

stratigraphy allows global correlation. The 

new dates constrain the Early Triassic interval 

characterized by delayed biotic recovery and 

carbon-cycle instability to 5 m.y. This time 

constraint must be considered in any model for 

the end-Permian extinction and subsequent 

recovery. 

2008020520 

一个晚志留世绝灭事件和过时期 = A Late 

Silurian extinction event and anachronistic 

period. ( 英文 ). Calner M. Geology, 2005, 

33(4): 305-308 

Resurgence of microbialites and anachronistic 

facies in the aftermath of Phanerozoic 

extinction events has hitherto only been 

documented among the "major five." Based on 

the classical Silurian carbonate platform strata 

of Gotland, Sweden, a "minor" biotic event is 

herein for the first time related to a substantial 

increase in anachronistic facies. Strata deposited 

during and shortly after the Lau Event in 

the Baltic paleobasin (Eke and Burgsvik Formations) 

include evidence for reduced grazing 

and infaunal activity in contemporaneous shallow 

low-latitude seas, e.g., flat-pebble conglomerates, 

normal-marine stromatolites, mass 

occurrence of oncoids, and subtidal wrinkle 

structures (e.g., Kinneyia and microripples). 

The latter structures have recently been suggested 

to be restricted to Proterozoic– 

Cambrian and Early Triassic time and therefore 

are regarded as anomalous for the Phanerozoic. 

The co-occurrence of these facies and 

global extinctions among pentamerid brachiopods 

and conodonts suggests that minor extinction 

events also resulted in anachronistic 

periods, less devastating but fully comparable 

to those in the aftermath of the end-Ordovician 

and end-Permian mass extinctions. A global 

positive stable carbon isotope excursion and 

the last appearance datum of the conodont Polygnathoides 

siluricus may facilitate identification 

of the Late Silurian anachronistic period 

elsewhere. 

2008020521 

晚古生代冰期时代气候作为缓慢宏演化的 

基础 = Climatic basis for sluggish macroevolution 

during the late Paleozoic ice age. ( 英文 ). 

Powell M G. Geology, 2005, 33(5): 381-384 

Rates of origination and extinction for 

marine invertebrates fell at the onset of the late 

Paleozoic ice age in late Mississippian time 

and remained low until glaciation ended in 

middle Permian time. Through the use of a 

database of stratigraphic and geographic occurrences 

of brachiopod genera, these macroevolutionary 

changes are traced to the loss of 

genera with narrow latitudinal ranges, which 

had intrinsically high turnover rates, at the 

onset of glaciation in late Viséan time. When 

glaciation waned in late Sakmarian time, narrowly 

distributed genera rebounded abruptly 

and restored the global fauna to its pre– iceage 

configuration. Because narrowly distributed 

brachiopod genera had dominated tropical 

diversity, the major biotic effects of the 

late Paleozoic ice age were felt at low latitudes. 

The climatic regime of this ice age thus 

altered the marine ecosystem to one characterized 

by broadly adapted, long-lived genera. 

2008020522 

晚奥陶世全球变暖 —Boda 事件 = Late Ordovician 

global warming—The Boda event. 

( 英文 ). Fortey R A;Cocks L R M. Geology, 

2005, 33(5): 405-408 

There is substantial evidence for mid- 

Ashgillian global warming before the latest 

Ordovician Hirnantian glaciation, as shown by 

the movement of previously lower latitude 

benthic faunas such as trilobites and brachiopods 

to progressively higher latitudes and by 

an increase in endemic faunas at low latitudes. 

This is shown by faunal dynamics on several 

paleocontinents and endorsed by published 

evidence of warmer-water sediments from 

Gondwana and elsewhere. We term this global 

warming the Boda event. 

152

2008020523 

长兴阶抑或吴家坪阶 ?— 对赵兵等文章结论 

的质疑 = Changhsingian or Wuchipingian?— 

Doubts on the conclusion in Zhao Bing et al., 

2006. ( 中文 ). 王成源 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 

24(2): 229-232 

赵兵等 (2006) 将羌塘盆地北部产有 

Codonofusiella-Gallowayinella 组合带化石 

的拉卜查日组归入到上二叠统长兴阶的上 

部 , 将那益雄组归入长兴阶下部 , 可能是错误 

的。王成源等 (1997) 早已指 

出 ,Gallowayinella 的时代是吴家坪期而不是 

盛金章所确认的长兴期的早期。拉卜查日 

组应归到吴家坪阶。二叠纪的主导化石门 

类是牙形刺而不是蜓。 

2008020524 

论乐平统底界的新定义 = On the new definition 

of the base of the Lopingian Series. ( 中 

文 ). 王成源 ;Heinz W Kozur. 微体古生物学 

报 , 2007, 24(3): 320-329 

金玉玕等 (Jin et al.,2001,2002) 终于同意将 

乐平统的底界放在蓬莱滩剖面 6k 的底 , 这与 

王成源 (Wang,1999,2000a,b,2001a-c) 提出的 

点位完全一致 , 将乐平统底界放在 6j 或 6i 

upper 的观点都不得不放弃。这确实是一个 

很大的进步。但是 ,Henderson 和 Mei(2001) 

为维护他们提出的以 Clarkina postbitteri 作 

为乐平统底界定义的观点 , 又将 Clarkina 

postbitteri 分成两个亚种。Clarkina postbitteri 

postbitteri Henderson and 

Mei,2001(Permophiles,38:36), 不符国际动物 

命名法规 , 种名无效。提出的新定义 

Clarkina postbitteri postbitteri Mei and Wardlaw1994, 

是一典型的地层亚种 , 它包括了一 

部分典型的 Clarkina dukouensis(Jin et 

al.,2001,plate1,Figs.4a,b), 也不能用作乐平统 

底界的定义。我们应当保留 Clarkina postbitteri 

和 C. dukouensis 原来的定义。 

Wang(2000a,plate 2, figs.1-8) 图示的标本肯 

定是 Clarkina dukouensis。金玉玕等 (Jin et 

al.,2000) 改变 Clarkina dukouensis 的首现 

点位 , 有时在 7d (Permophile,38:34,fig.1,2001), 

有时在 7e (Jin et al., 

Permophile,39:38,2001)。Clarkina dukouensis 

首现位置 (FAD) 就在 6k。7b 已属 

Clarkina leveni 带。Clarkina postbitteri 可区 

分出三个不同的形态型而不是两个不同的 

亚种。Clarkina postbitteri 的起源仍然不 

清。 Mesogondolella (=Jinogondolella) 

grtanti 不是 Clarkina postbitteri 的先驱种。 

2008020525 

二叠系长兴阶全球界线层型剖面和点位 = 

The global stratotype section and point 

(GSSP) for the base of the Changhsingian 

stage (Upper Permian). ( 中文 ). 金玉玕 ; 王 

玥 ;Chrles Henderson;Bruce R Wardlaw; 沈树 

忠 ; 曹长群 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(2): 101- 

109 

二叠系乐平统长兴阶底界全球界线层型 

和点位 (GSSP) 确立在我国浙江长兴煤山 

D 剖面长兴灰岩的下部、4a-2 层之底 , 以 

牙形石演化序列 Clarkina longicuspidata— 

C.wangi 中 C.wangi 的首现为标志。该 

点位位于长兴组底界之上 88cm 处 , 与长兴 

期特征的筵类化石 Palaeofusulina sinensis 

和大巴山菊石类的首次出现层位一致。界 

线层的碳同位素存在明显的负漂移 , 正磁 

极性带出现在吴家坪晚期的反极性带之 

上。在煤山 D 剖面以西 300m 处的 C 剖面 

出露较多的龙潭组地层 , 清晰地反映出龙 

潭组 - 长兴组连续的沉积序列 , 被列为辅助 

层型剖面。 

2008020526 

塔中地区西部奥陶系岩溶发育特征及其与 

关键不整合面的关系 = The development 

characteristics of Ordovician karsts and its 

relationship to key unconformities in the 

western part of the Middle Tarim Basin. ( 中 

文 ). 刘忠宝 ; 谢华锋 ; 于炳松 ; 高志前 . 地层学 

杂志 , 2007, 31(2): 127-132 

近年来 , 在研究区内新钻探了 4 口新 

井 , 塔中地区首次在构造带末端的奥陶系 

中获得了较好的油气显示 , 展示了该区良 

好的油气勘探前景。碳酸盐岩储层以缝洞 

为主要储集空间 , 因此 , 深入分析溶蚀孔 

洞发育特征 , 探索其分布规律 , 对于有利 

储集区带的预测至关重要。本次研究中首 

次利用 FMI 成像测井资料对该区溶蚀孔洞 

发育情况进行了精细的识别 , 从而有效的 

确定了溶蚀孔洞的发育形态、大小、疏密 

程度及其纵向发育规律。明确了该区溶蚀 

孔洞主要发育在下奥陶统鹰山组中 , 且具 

有在鹰山组顶部岩溶带发育稳定 , 在鹰山 

组内部埋藏岩溶带发育弥散的特点。在此 

基础上 , 初步探讨了奥陶系两个关键不整 

合面 (T 7 

0 

和 T 7 4 ) 对岩溶发育的不同影响 , 

探索碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层研究的新思路。 

2008020527 

153

吉林延边开山屯地区地层时代的新证据 = 

New evidence of Palaeozoic stratigraphy in 

the Kaishantun area, Yanbian, Jilin. ( 中文 ). 唐 

克东 ; 赵爱林 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(2): 141- 

150 

吉林延边开山屯地区古生代地层 , 在构 

造地层学研究的基础上 , 取得一些地层时 

代的新资料 : 在混杂岩中新发现中二叠世 

北方型动物群化石 ; 对混杂岩中的花岗岩 

砾石 , 测得 SHRIMP 锆石 U—Pb 年龄 

(286.8±5.6Ma), 代表岛弧岩浆岩结 

晶时间 ; 在变蛇绿岩和糜棱岩中采取白云 

母样品 , 测得 40 Ar- 39 Ar 年龄 , 分别为 

408Ma 和 205.7Ma。由此 , 可以得出开山 

屯地区地层时代和混杂岩形成与演化的时 

间表 : 泥盆纪洋壳形成 ; 在中石炭世 - 中二 

叠世由南向北的运移过程中 , 洋壳之上发 

生硅质和碳酸盐沉积 , 形成海山 ; 洋壳与 

由北向南移动的兴凯地块相对运动 , 二叠 

纪时向大陆俯冲 , 在兴凯地块西缘 ( 现代 

方位 ) 发育岛弧活动 , 并在中、晚二叠世 

形成滑塌堆积。可能与晚三叠世的洋壳俯 

冲作用有关 , 在兴凯地块前陆边缘发生逆 

冲作用 , 形成构造岩片。 

2008020528 

新疆阿吾拉勒山地区晚石炭世地层化石的 

新资料 = New data of Pennsylvanian fossils 

from the Awulaleshan area of Xinjiang. ( 中 

文 ). 凌联海 ; 楼法生 ; 刘春根 ; 何伟相 ; 肖晓林 ; 

罗小洪 ; 罗音 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(2): 169- 

174 1 图版 . 

新疆阿吾拉勒山地区晚石炭世地层分布 

于阿布热勒山西端。介绍了新疆阿吾拉勒 

山地区巴喀勒萨依上石炭统伊什基里克组 

地层剖面、生物化石、含铜砂岩分布特征 

及乌鲁克得萨依科古琴山组生物化石资 

料 , 并讨论了其时代归属。 

2008020529 

滇东北含铜矿床峨眉山玄武岩组地层学特 

征 = Copper-bearing Emeishan Basalt Formation 

in northeastern Yunnan. ( 中文 ). 侯蜀光 ; 

徐章宝 ; 章正军 ; 钱壮志 ; 高宏光 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2007, 31(3): 267-271 

滇东北与玄武岩有关的铜矿床是我国近 

年来矿床学研究和资源勘查的热点之一 . 通 

过对该地区进行的资源勘查和科学专项研 

究 , 发现含矿岩系主要由上二叠统峨眉山玄 

武岩组 (P 3 e) 上部 ( 第三岩性段顶部和第四岩 

性段 ) 和宣威组 ( 

P 3 x) 底部地层组成 , 在这套地层中识别出 5 

个矿化层 , 对 5 个矿化层的岩性组成、矿化 

特征和成矿前景进行全面总结 , 为该区域进 

一步开展找矿勘查和评价提供了方向和依 

据 . 

2008020530 

新疆柯坪大湾沟奥陶系顶部 - 志留系底部化 

学地层特征讨论 = Discussion on chemostratigraphic 

characteristics of boundary bed 

between the top part of the Ordovician and the 

basal part of the Silurian at Dawangou Section, 

Keping, Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 皮学军 ; 刘楚雄 ; 陈 

颖 ; 孙作玉 ; 郝维城 . 北京大学学报 ( 自然科学 

版 ), 2007, 43(2): 183-189 

新疆塔里木盆地奥陶系 - 志留系界线可能 

在柯坪县大湾沟剖面柯坪塔格组下段顶部 - 

中段底部的泥岩夹白云岩地层内穿过 , 化学 

地层分析将有助于该界线问题的解决 . 对系 

统采集的 72 个样品进行 ICP 测试和数据对 

比、校正 ,w(Ce)/w(La) 化学地层分析结果表 

明 , 柯坪塔格组下段 - 中段界线层可细分为 3 

个化学地层段 , 化学波动趋势可能反映了古 

水体氧化 - 还原度的变化 , 其与生物化石的变 

化趋势可对比 , 出现的异常峰可能与峡东奥 

陶系 - 志留系界线附近的异常相对应 . 

2008020531 

西藏申扎地区德日昂玛 - 下拉剖面 : 冈瓦纳 

和特提斯晚石炭世 - 早二叠世地层和古生物 

对比的桥梁 = Deri'angma-Xiala section in 

the Xainza area, Tibet, China: A bridge for 

the straligraphic and paleontological correlation 

between Gondwana and Tethys during the 

Late Carboniferous and Early Permian. ( 中文 ). 

姚建新 ; 纪占胜 ; 武桂春 ; 詹立培 ; 刘贵忠 ; 蒋忠 

惕 ; 傅渊慧 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(1): 31-41 2 图 

版 . 

西藏北部中扎县永珠地区德日昂玛 - 下 

拉剖面中石炭系和二叠系地层发育完整 , 

出露良好 , 化石丰富。该剖面中查果罗玛 

组碳酸盐岩地层 ( 泥盆纪 - 早石炭世 ) 和下 

拉组 ( 中二叠世 ) 碳酸盐岩地层之间的碎 

屑岩夹灰岩地层 , 在沉积上表现为冰海相 

杂砾岩 , 在古生物化石面貌上表现为特提 

斯 - 冈瓦纳古生物群混生。古生物群混生的 

现象为石炭纪 - 二叠纪的特提斯生物区与冈 

瓦纳生物区之间的地层和古生物对比建立 

了一座桥梁。永珠组中上部地层中同时产 

有牙形石和腕足类 , 牙形石的研究表明其 

时代为晚石炭世莫斯科期 , 而腕足类的研 

究则表明其为早二叠世萨克马尔期。这一 

154

矛盾预示着在 ( 亲 ) 冈瓦纳相地区晚石炭 

世晚期地层缺失的意见需要重新审视。 

2008020532 

内蒙古西部北山地区甜水井 - 青山一带双堡 

塘组时代讨论 = The age of the Shuangbaotang 

Formation in the Tianshuijing-Qingshan 

area, Beishan Mountains, western Inner Mongolia, 

China. ( 中文 ). 王惠 ; 王训练 ; 邵积东 ; 王 

忠 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(2): 174-182 1 图版 . 

通过对神螺滩双堡塘组生物地层的研 

究、对比 , 神螺滩双堡塘组中所产菊石 

Uraloceroas 是北山地区双堡塘组的特征分 

子 , 广泛分布于俄罗斯、加拿大、澳大利 

亚和中国的上石炭统 - 下、中二叠统 ; 腕足 

Neospirifer ravana, Schizodus subquadratus 

,S. cf. elongatas, Parallelodon olseni,Pseudomonotis 

mongoliensis, Streblochondria?sp., 

Palaeolima sp., Myalinella cf. 

falcata 等均见于内蒙古中部的早、中二叠 

世哲斯组。神螺滩双堡塘组的化石中没有 

发现典型的晚二叠世的特征分子。这一化 

石组合面貌显示神螺滩双堡塘组的时代应 

为早二叠世晚期 - 中二叠世 , 而不是晚二叠 

世。 

2008020533 

贵州南部泥盆系层序地层划分和层序地层 

格架的建立 = Devonian sequence stratigraphic 

classification and establishment of the 

sequence stratigraphic framework in southern 

Guizhou, China. ( 中文 ). 刘智荣 . 地质通 

报 , 2007, 26(2): 206-214 

贵州南部的泥盆系为一个大型的楔状 

体。从深水背景的广西南丹罗富剖面到古 

陆边缘的贵阳鸟当剖面 , 泥盆系由 13 个层 

序变薄尖灭成 5 个层序 , 这是泥盆纪早期 

海侵尖灭与晚期海退尖灭的结果。研究区 

泥盆系由海侵碎屑岩岩系到清水台地碳酸 

盐岩岩系地层序列构成 2 个二级层序 , 又 

可进一步划分为 13 个三级层序。二级层序 

和三级层序均由其特殊的沉积相序列组 

成。研究区泥盆系层序地层划分和层序地 

层格架的建立提供了一个在年代地层与海 

平面变化框架内研究 “ 相迁移 ” 的良好实 

例。 

2008020534 

藏北若拉岗日结合带上、下二叠统之间不 

整合界线的发现及其地质意义 = Discovery 

of the Upper/Lower Permian unconformity in 

the Rola Kangri junction zone, northern Tibet, 

Chian, and its geological significance. ( 中文 ). 

杨子江 ; 李学智 ; 王海涛 ; 李咸阳 . 地质通 

报 , 2007, 26(4): 398-403 

若拉岗日结合带是金沙江结合带的西延 

部分 , 通过近年来的研究和地质调查 , 在该地 

区和邻区原命名的中、上三叠统若拉岗日 

群 (T 2 - 3 rl) 中有了较多的新发现。这些新发 

现表明这套地层是多时代地层的组合体 , 不 

限于中、上三叠统 , 并发现上二叠统地层与 

下伏石炭系 — 下二叠统之间为不整合接触 

关系 , 与上覆下三叠统之间为整合接触关 

系。这些发现都为重新认识该地区的地质 

构造演化提供了重要的资料。 

2008020535 

西昆仑麻扎 — 康西瓦一带温泉沟群的形成 

时代及物源区分析 = Age and source regions 

of the Wenquangou Group in the Mazar- 

Kangxiwar area, West Kunlun Mountains. ( 中 

文 ). 李博秦 ; 姚建新 ; 高联达 ; 边小卫 ; 尹宗义 ; 

崔建堂 ; 陈文西 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(4): 457- 

465 

温泉沟群出露在西昆仑麻扎 - 康西瓦构造 

接合带的南侧 , 岩性主要为浅变质的碎屑岩 , 

对这套碎屑岩的形成时代和产出构造背景 

目前还存在着争议。采于这套地层中的大 

量微体古生物化石表明 , 其形成时代为早志 

留世。物质组成、岩石碎屑特征、岩石地 

球化学特征等的分析结果显示 , 其物源区主 

要为活动大陆边缘、过渡陆壳和造山再旋 

回物源区 , 形成时的构造环境为深海相残留 

洋盆。这些分析结果为康西瓦结合带的研 

究提供了地层学方面的依据。 

2008020536 

巴颜喀拉山西段二叠纪古海山的发现及意 

义 = Discovery of a Permian paleo-seamount 

in the western segment of the Bayan Har 

Mountains, China and its significance. ( 中文 ). 

黎敦朋 ; 李新林 ; 周小康 ; 王向利 ; 李玮 ; 高小平 ; 

杜少喜 ; 戴新宇 ; 刘幼骐 . 地质通报 , 2007, 

26(8): 996-1002 

在巴颜喀拉盆地西段黄羊岭组中发现了 

一个长约 3 km、厚约 1295 m 的玄武岩 + 碳 

酸盐岩的隆起建造 , 具有 3 个由玄武岩基底 

加碳酸盐岩盖层组成的双层剖面结构。隆 

起建造中海相沉积物由下至上从深海相渐 

变为浅海相 , 生物化石由浮游生物组合演变 

为浅海造礁生物组合。通过与现代海山的 

对比 , 证实巴颜喀拉西段发现的隆起建造属 

古海山堆积 , 根据化石的时代确定其为中二 

叠世的古海山 , 暗示巴颜喀拉盆地在中二叠 

155

世以前存在一个古大洋 , 其后古大洋逐渐俯 

冲消减 , 演化为残留洋盆地 , 这对巴颜喀拉盆 

地地质构造演化的研究和构造属性的厘定 

具有重要意义。 

2008020537 

二叠纪最晚期气候模拟 : 对集群绝灭的意 

义 = Climate simulation of the latest Permian: 

Implications for mass extinction. ( 英文 ). 

Kiehl J T; Shields C A. Geology, 2005, 33(9): 

757-760 

Life at the Permian-Triassic boundary (ca. 

251 Ma) underwent the largest disruption in 

Earth's history. Paleoclimatic data indicate that 

Earth was significantly warmer than present 

and that much of the ocean was anoxic or euxinic 

for an extended period of time. We present 

results from the first fully coupled comprehensive 

climate model using paleogeography 

for this time period. The coupled climate 

system model simulates warm high-latitude 

surface air temperatures related to elevated 

carbon dioxide levels and a stagnate global 

ocean circulation in concert with paleodata 

indicating low oxygen levels at ocean depth. 

This is the first climate simulation that captures 

these observed features of this time period. 

2008020538 

三亿年前特提斯洋流和气候梯度 = Tethyan 

oceanic currents and climate gradients 300 

m.y. ago. ( 英文 ). Angiolini L; Gaetani 

M;Muttoni G; Stephenson M H; Zanchi A. 

Geology, 2007, 35(12): 1071-1074 

We reconstruct the oceanic circulation 

pattern of the Tethys Ocean 300 m.y. ago by 

placing Late Carboniferous–Early Permian 

climate-sensitive biotic associations from 

Gondwana and Laurasia on a Pangea paleogeography 

constrained by selected paleomagnetic 

data. Warm-climate fossils and facies 

from Iran, located at that time along the 

Gondwanan margin of Arabia, are compatible 

with the existence in the Tethys Ocean of a 

warm subtropical surface current gyre, 

whereas cold surface currents swept the glaciated 

Gondwanan margin at higher southern 

latitudes, redistributing cold biota toward the 

tropics. This Tethyan surface current system 

and the associated narrow zonal barrier show 

similarities to recent glacial climate patterns. 

When placed on a large-scale paleogeographic 

reconstruction of Pangea of the B type, it 

neatly explains the otherwise problematic observation 

that the Carboniferous–Permian biota 

of Iran and northern Arabia is dominated 

by warm Euramerican and/or Russian taxa that 

are strikingly different from typical cold 

Gondwanan associations. 

2008020539 

发生在二叠纪 - 三叠纪危机时期两个幕中全 

球碳旋回的变化 = Changes in the global carbon 

cycle occurred as two episodes during the 

Permian–Triassic crisis. ( 英文 ). Xie Shucheng; 

Pancost R D; Huang Junhua; Wignall P B; Yu 

Jianxin; Tang Xinyan; Chen Lin; Huang 

Xianyu ; Lai Xulong. Geology, 2007, 35(12): 

1083-1086 

Coeval records of ocean, atmosphere, and 

terrestrial change are crucial to understanding 

the pattern and causes of global mass extinction 

across the Permian-Triassic boundary 

(PTB). However, relationships among changes 

in different settings remain largely unclear, 

primarily due to the challenges associated with 

the correlation among disparate records. Here 

we compare marine carbon isotopic records 

with marine and terrestrial environmental and 

biotic events recorded in sediments from the 

Meishan PTB section of south China. Timescaled 

carbonate carbon isotopes exhibit two 

gradual major shifts across the PTB at Meishan, 

and these are duplicable elsewhere 

around the Tethys Ocean. The two shifts are 

associated with two episodes of enhanced terrestrial 

weathering indicated by an increased 

abundance of 13 C enriched moretanes relative 

to hopanes and an elevated abundance of 

black carbon fragments. Key marine events 

previously reported for the PTB, including 

photic zone euxinia, faunal mass extinction, 

and cyanobacterial expansion, also occur as 

two episodes, coinciding with both of the progressive 

shifts to negative 13 C values and enhanced 

weathering. The temporal sequence of 

the duplicable events suggests that the biotic 

crisis was a consequence of prolonged and 

episodic changes in the marine and continental 

systems, and argues against an extraterrestrial 

impact as the main cause. 

中生界 

2008020540 

法国 Vocontian 盆地中白垩世半远洋沉积 

的气候旋回的磁性记录 = Magnetic records 

of climatic cycles from mid-Cretaceous 

hemipelagic sediments of the Vocontian Basin, 

SE France. ( 英文 ). Kößler P; Herrle J O; Appel 

E; Erbacher J; Hemleben C. Cretaceous 

Research, 2001, 22(3): 321-331 

156

A study of mid-Cretaceous hemipelagic 

sediments from the Vocontian Basin in SE 

France has been carried out in order to identify 

palaeoclimatic cycles driven by changes 

in the Earth's orbit (‘Milankovitch cycles’). 

The calibration of cyclic behaviour of magnetic 

properties can provide sedimentary 

chronology on a finer timescale than biostratigraphy 

or magnetostratigraphy. The observed 

Aptian succession of marls and claystones 

with intercalated black shales and marly limestones 

shows a cyclic pattern of variation in 

magnetic susceptibility. Constant values of 

isothermal remanent magnetisation ratios (Sratios) 

indicate a constant composition of 

ferrimagnetic minerals and thus continuous 

sedimentation without clastic components delivered 

from secondary sources. The curves of 

isothermal remanent magnetisation (M ir ), 

which is sensitive to ferromagnetic minerals, 

correspond only in part to the susceptibility, 

so that the susceptibility signal is mainly 

dominated by fluctuations of the paramagnetic 

mineral content. While the wave length of 

susceptibility variations expresses the precessional 

and eccentric cycles, a second precessional 

cycle is identified in the frequency 

spectrum of the M ir . Our results demonstrate 

the suitability of rock magnetic properties for 

identifying and interpreting climatic cycles in 

these Mesozoic successions. 

2008020541 

波兰 Carpathians 西部 Tatra 山区早白垩世 

台地碳酸盐岩新的生物地层学数据 = New 

biostratigraphic data on the Early Cretaceous 

platform carbonates of the Tatra Mountains, 

western Carpathians, Poland. ( 英文 ). Masse J 

P; Uchman A. Cretaceous Research, 1997, 

18(5): 713-729 

The biostratigraphy of platform carbonates 

outcropping in the Polish Tatra Mountains 

is reappraised after a study of three sections 

located in the autochtonous (including 

the Wysoka Turnia type section for Urgonian 

limestones) and allochtonous tectonic units. 

Age assignments are mainly based on calcareous 

algae, benthic foraminifera and rudists. 

Heterochrony of coral-rudist facies and their 

associated bioclastic and orbitolinid facies 

shows that the platform development and demise 

occurred at different times in different 

places. Regional tectonic processes are recognized 

as the dominant factors of these phenomena. 

The majority of foraminifera as well 

as rudists are considered cosmopolitan 

whereas some dasyclads could be potential 

palaeobiogeographic markers of the Preapulian 

Domain. 

2008020542 

委内瑞拉上白垩统 La Luna 组 , Navay 组和 

Querecual 组沉积结构 = Sedimentary structures 

of the La Luna, Navay and Querecual 

Formations, Upper Cretaceous of Venezuela. 

( 英文 ). Macsotay O; Erlich R N; Peraza T. 

Palaios, 2003, 18(4): 334–348 

The Late Cretaceous seas of Venezuela 

were characterized by deposition of organic 

carbon-rich limestones, cherts, and shales in 

the Maracaibo and Barinas/Apure Basins of 

western Venezuela (La Luna and Navay Formations) 

and in the Maturín and Guarico Subbasins 

of eastern Venezuela (Querecual, Tigre, 

and San Antonio Formations). Deposition of 

these units typically occurred under lowenergy, 

low-oxygen conditions that were 

punctuated by the episodic activity of bottom 

currents, debris flows, turbidites, syndepositional 

faulting, and by intermittent oxygenation. 

These events produced a characteristic 

set of sedimentary structures that can be used 

to provide more detailed interpretations of 

each depositional system. Four main types of 

sedimentary structures noted in this study are: 

(1) hydrodynamic—primarily produced 

through the actions of currents; (2) rheotropic—structures 

produced during loading 

and dewatering of unconsolidated sediments; 

(3) biogenic—formed through the actions of 

living organisms, such as trace fossils; and (4) 

diagenetic—structures and textures formed 

through near surface and burial diagenetic 

processes. 

Identification of these structures can provide 

new insights on the hydrodynamic and 

biologic settings of Venezuelan Cretaceous 

strata. Utilizing observations made in this 

study along with previously published works, 

bottom-water conditions in the La Luna depositional 

system are interpreted to have been 

maintained consistently in a state of anoxia or 

very low dissolved oxygen content. This contrasts 

with bottom waters in the Querecual 

depositional system, during which strong periods 

of anoxia or low dissolved oxygen content 

were punctuated by periods of intermittent 

oxygenation. 

2008020543 

华东胶东半岛西北缘晚中生代 adakitic 花 

岗岩的差异起源 : 地壳增厚过程到分层的 

暗示 = Contrasting origins of late Mesozoic 

adakitic granitoids from the northwestern 

157

Jiaodong Peninsula, east China: implications 

for crustal thickening to delamination. ( 英文 ). 

Hou Minglan; Jiang Yaohui; Jiang Shaoyong; 

Ling HOngfei; Zhao Kuidong. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(4): 619-631 

Two suites of granitoids, the Late Jurassic 

(158 ± 3 Ma) Linglong suite and the Early 

Cretaceous (130–126 Ma) Guojialing suite, 

crop out in the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula, 

eastern China. The Linglong suite is a 

monzogranite, comprising alkali feldspar, plagioclase, 

quartz and Fe-rich biotite. The Guojialing 

suite includes at least five plutonic bodies 

of both granodiorite and monzogranite. 

The rocks are composed of plagioclase, alkali 

feldspar, quartz, Mg-rich amphibole and Mgrich 

biotite. Both the Linglong and Guojialing 

suites have adakitic affinity. They are enriched 

in LREE with high La/Yb ratios and show 

positive Eu anomalies. The rocks are also enriched 

in LILE and depleted in HFSE with 

high Sr/Y ratios. The Linglong granite shows 

very uniform Sr–Nd isotopic compositions 

with initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios of 0.7119–0.7126 

and Nd (T) values of –21.3 to –21.6, which are 

similar to those of the local Neoarchaean 

basement. The Guojialing suite has variable 

initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios (0.7108–0.7120) and Nd 

(T) values (–10.8 to –17.2), which are distinct 

both from those of the Neoarchaean basement 

and from those of the local enriched lithospheric 

mantle inferred from the coeval mafic 

dykes in the studied area. Detailed petrological 

and geochemical data indicate that the Linglong 

suite was derived by partial melting of 

Neoarchaean metamorphic lower-crustal rocks 

at depth of > 50 km with a eclogite residue, 

whereas the Guojialing suite was formed by 

the reaction of delaminated eclogitic crustderived 

melt with the upwelling asthenospheric 

mantle. The petrogenesis of these two 

contrasting adakitic granitoids suggests intensive 

lower-crustal delamination during Early 

Cretaceous times, following a crustal thickening 

process from the late stage of the Early 

Jurassic to early stage of the Late Jurassic with 

crustal thickness of < 32 km to > 50 km, respectively. 

2008020544 

下白垩统滨海泻湖序列中的风暴贝壳在古 

环境研究中的意义 (Vectis 组 ,Isle of 

Wight, 英国南部 ) = Palaeoenvironmental 

significance of storm coquinas in a Lower 

Cretaceous coastal lagoonal succession (Vectis 

Formation, Isle of Wight, southern England). 

( 英文 ). Radley J D; Barker M J. Geological 

Magazine, 2000, 137(2): 193-205 

Thin bioclastic limestone beds (‘coquinas’) 

in the Vectis Formation (Wealden Group, 

Lower Cretaceous) of the Isle of Wight, southern 

England, exhibit a range of biofabrics and 

internal stratigraphies. These features are attributed 

to both simple and complex storm 

deposition of allochthonous biogenic and 

siliciclastic materials in coastal lagoons and 

on adjacent mudflats. These modes of deposition 

facilitated preservation of dinosaur trackways, 

desiccation cracks, shallow-tier trace 

fossils and in situ bivalve colonies through 

rapid burial. The coquinas thus preserve a record 

of surficial muds, commonly lost through 

reworking. The principal components of the 

coquinas comprise dispersed elements from 

within the argillaceous ‘background’ facies. 

Some of these beds are laterally traceable for 

up to 27 km, providing the foundations for a 

high-resolution event-stratigraphic framework. 

2008020545 

日本中侏罗世 - 早白垩世 Tetori 群石英碎屑 

岩的来源 : 古地理意义 = Provenance of 

quartzarenite clasts in the Tetori Group (Middle 

Jurassic to Early Cretaceous), Japan: Paleogeographic 

implications. ( 英文 ). Kim Y; 

Lee Y I; Hisada K. Journal of Asian Earth 

Sciences, 2007, 29(1): 116-126 

There are many strata containing quartzite 

clasts in the Japanese Islands, but the on-land 

geology of the Japanese Islands has no candidate 

for the source rocks of the quartzite clasts. 

This study deals with the provenance of 

quartzite clasts of the Tetori Group (Middle 

Jurassic and Early Cretaceous) distributed in 

northern central Japan. Quartzarenite clasts 

from conglomerate beds of the Tetori Group 

are texturally subdivided into three types; the 

most abundant is matrix-bearing quartzarenite 

(type 3), followed by poorly sorted feldsparbearing 

quartzarenite (type 2) and by wellsorted 

pure quartzarenite (type 1). To identify 

the provenance of quartzarenite clasts in the 

Tetori Group characteristics of quartzarenite 

sequences distributed in North China and Korea 

were studied and compared with those of 

the Tetori quartzarenite clasts. Texturally and 

geochemically, the quartzarenite clasts of the 

Tetori Group are very similar to pre-Mesozoic 

quartzarenites distributed in the south central 

and east central Korean Peninsula. Considering 

the previous results of depositional environments, 

paleomagnetism and paleocurrent 

studies on the Tetori Group, this study sug- 

158

gests that during deposition of the Tetori 

Group, the northern part of central Japan was 

probably land-connected with the central region 

of eastern Korea. 

2008020546 

利用定量生物地层学对晚白垩世海面进退 

特征的检测 = Detection of Late Cretaceous 

eustatic signatures using quantitative biostratigraphy. 

( 英文 ). Crampton J S; Schiøler J; 

Roncaglia L. Geological Society of America 

Bulletin, 2006, 118(7-8): 975-990 

This study tested the potential for highresolution 

quantitative biostratigraphic methods 

to distinguish tectonic from supposedly 

eustatic sequences. The study employed 

automated multidimensional graphic correlation 

using constrained optimization (program 

CONOP). Our analysis was based on 15 onshore 

sections in eastern New Zealand spanning 

the Coniacian to Maastrichtian stages 

(Upper Cretaceous), and 398 well-constrained 

lowest- or highest-occurrence records derived 

from 245 dinoflagellate species. The age of the 

resulting composite section was calibrated 

using six dated bioevents; two of these events 

were tied to geochemical or paleomagnetic 

datums. Following calibration, the composite 

section had an average relative temporal resolution 

of less than 130 k.y. through the study 

interval, although the succession of events was 

not dated to this level of precision in an absolute 

sense. Although the CONOP composite 

will not resolve unconformities or condensed 

intervals that occur across all studied sections, 

such "global" unconformities can be identified 

using clusters of events that are placed at a 

single composite level. Fifteen major event 

clusters were identified, 10 of which coincided 

closely with sequence boundaries identified in 

the Northern Hemisphere; the probability of 

this coincidence arising by chance alone is 8%. 

Although these results must be regarded as 

provisional, they suggest that high-resolution 

quantitative stratigraphy can provide a potent 

tool for the identification and correlation of 

stratigraphic sequences. Furthermore, our findings 

add significant support for recent studies 

that have argued for the presence of Late Cretaceous 

eustasy. 

2008020547 

赛诺曼阶 - 土仑阶界线层型的轨道时间表和 

碳同位素记录 = Orbital time scale and new 

C-isotope record for Cenomanian-Turonian 

boundary stratotype. ( 英文 ). Sageman B 

B;Meyers S R;Arthur M A. Geology, 2006, 

34(2): 125-128 

Previous time scales for the Cenomanian- 

Turonian boundary (CTB) interval containing 

Oceanic Anoxic Event II (OAE II) vary by a 

factor of three. In this paper we present a new 

orbital time scale for the CTB stratotype established 

independently of radiometric, biostratigraphic, 

or geochemical data sets, update revisions 

of CTB biostratigraphic zonation, and 

provide a new detailed carbon isotopic record 

for the CTB study interval. The orbital time 

scale allows an independent assessment of 

basal biozone ages relative to the new CTB 

date of 93.55 Ma (GTS04). The 13 C org data 

document the abrupt onset of OAE II, significant 

variability in 13 C org values, and values 

enriched to almost –22 . These new data underscore 

the difficulty in defining OAE II termination. 

Using the new isotope curve and 

time scale, estimates of OAE II duration can 

be determined and exported to other sites 

based on integration of well-established 

chemostratigraphic and biostratigraphic datums. 

The new data will allow more accurate 

calculations of biogeochemical and paleobiologic 

rates across the CTB. 

2008020548 

利用植物碳同位素确认阿尔必阶 - 赛诺曼阶 

(OAE1d) 层序地层 : 美国西内陆盆地达科 

他组 = Recognizing the Albian-Cenomanian 

(OAE1d) sequence boundary using plant carbon 

isotopes: Dakota Formation, Western Interior 

Basin, USA. ( 英文 ). Gröcke D R; Ludvigson 

G A; Witzke B L; Robinson S A; 

Joeckel R M; Ufnar D F; Ravn R L. Geology, 

2006, 34(3): 193-196 

Analysis of bulk sedimentary organic 

matter and charcoal from an Albian- 

Cenomanian fluvial-estuarine succession (Dakota 

Formation) at Rose Creek Pit (RCP), Nebraska, 

reveals a negative excursion of 3 in 

late Albian strata. Overlying Cenomanian 

strata have 13 C values of –24 to –23 that are 

similar to pre-excursion values. The absence 

of an intervening positive excursion (as exists 

in marine records of the Albian-Cenomanian 

boundary) likely results from a depositional 

hiatus. The corresponding positive 13 C event 

and proposed depositional hiatus are concordant 

with a regionally identified sequence 

boundary in the Dakota Formation (D 2 ), as 

well as a major regressive phase throughout 

the globe at the Albian-Cenomanian boundary. 

Data from RCP confirm suggestions that some 

positive carbon-isotope excursions in the geologic 

record are coincident with regressive 

sea-level phases. We estimate using isotopic 

159

correlation that the D 2 sequence boundary at 

RCP was on the order of 0.5 m.y. in duration. 

Therefore, interpretations of isotopic events 

and associated environmental phenomena, 

such as oceanic anoxic events, in the shallowmarine 

and terrestrial record may be influenced 

by stratigraphic incompleteness. Further 

investigation of terrestrial 13 C records may be 

useful in recognizing and constraining sealevel 

changes in the geologic record. 

2008020549 

东濮凹陷早第三纪的海侵 ( 泛 ) 事件 = Early 

Tertiary marine transgression in Dongpu depression. 

( 中文 ). 任来义 ; 林桂芳 ; 赵志清 ; 王 

兴武 . 古生物学报 , 2000, 39(4): 553-557 

依据生物化石 Sphenolithus ciperoensis,Dictyococcites 

abisectus,Coccolithus 

pelagicus,Reticulofenestra sp., Sinocysta 

minuta, S. subtilis, Cordosphaeridium, Achomosphaera, 

Spiniferites, Ophinomorpha 

nodosa, Cladosiphonia sinensis, Knightia sp. 

和石盐中的溴 (Br - ) 及溴氯系数 (Br - × 10 3 /Cl - 

), 碳酸盐岩中氧、碳同位素 (δ 18 O、δ 13 C) 值 , 

泥岩中的 Th/U 值 , 认为东濮凹陷早第三纪 

沙河街组三段、一段沉积期发生过海侵事 

件。 

2008020550 

白垩纪末全球冷却时期北大西洋变暖 = 

North Atlantic warming during global cooling 

at the end of the Cretaceous. ( 英文 ). MacLeod 

K G; Huber B T; Isaza-Londoño C. Geology, 

2005, 33(6): 437-440 

Differences in regional responses to climate 

fluctuations are well documented on 

short time scales (e.g., El Niño–Southern Oscillation), 

but with the exception of latitudinal 

temperature gradients, regional patterns are 

seldom considered in discussions of ancient 

greenhouse climates. Contrary to the expectation 

of global warming or global cooling implicit 

in most treatments of climate evolution 

over millions of years, this paper shows that 

the North Atlantic warmed by as much as 6 °C 

(1.5 decrease in 18 O values of planktic foraminifera) 

during the Maastrichtian global 

cooling interval. We suggest that warming 

was the result of the importation of heat from 

the South Atlantic. Decreasing North Atlantic 

18 O values are also associated with increasing 

gradients in planktic 13 C values, suggesting 

increasing surface-water stratification and a 

correlated strengthening of the North Atlantic 

Polar Front. If correct, this conclusion predicts 

arctic cooling during the late Maastrichtian. 

Beyond implications for the Maastrichtian, 

these data demonstrate that climate does not 

behave as if there is a simple global thermostat, 

even on geologic time scales. 

2008020551 

鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘延安组划分与对比 = 

Stratigraphic division and correlation of the 

Yan'an Formation in the northeastern margin 

of the Ordos Basin, China. ( 中文 ). 葛玉辉 ; 

孙春林 ; 刘茂修 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(2): 

151-156 1 图版 . 

内蒙古鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘高头窑地区 

中侏罗统延安组是一套河流 - 滨湖相为主的 

中生代陆相沉积岩系 , 岩性主要中粒 - 中细 

粒长石砂岩、粉砂岩 ( 泥质粉砂岩 )、黑 

色页岩、黏土岩夹煤层 , 其中产大量的植 

物化石。根据岩性特征及采集化石的研究 

结果表明 , 不存在晚三叠世地层 , 并缺失 

下侏罗统 , 且延安组的时代应为中侏罗 

世。通过不同地区中侏罗世地层对比 , 认 

为盆地中延安组发育极不均衡 , 中部沉积 

厚度大 , 但不成煤 ; 而盆地边缘沉积厚度 

较薄 , 且成煤较好 , 横向上具有明显的差 

异性。 

2008020552 

银根 - 额济纳旗盆地下白垩统银根组的确立 

= The Lower Cretaceous Yingen Formation in 

the Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin. ( 中文 ). 卫平生 ; 张 

虎权 ; 陈启林 ; 张景廉 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 

31(2): 184-189 

银根 - 额济纳旗盆地是中国西部的一个中 

新生代沉积盆地 , 盆地地层有多种不同的 

划分。近几年来 , 盆地经历了详细的石油 

勘探和地质调查。在地震和钻井勘探过程 

中 , 于下白垩统发现了一套新的地层单 

元 , 这套地层的古生物、电性、岩性、物 

理特征及地震层序与上覆和下伏地层有很 

大差别。这套新地层位于下白垩统上部 , 

定名为银根组 (K 1 y), 银根组中部有良好 

储层 , 上部泥岩可作为区域性盖层 , 与下 

部烃源岩构成良好的生储盖组合 , 有一定 

的勘探意义。 

2008020553 

川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组地层的划 

分对比及沉积演化 = Correlation and evolution 

of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation 

in the West Sichuan foreland basin. ( 中文 ). 刘 

金华 ; 张世奇 ; 孙耀庭 ; 魏垂高 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2007, 31(2): 190-196 

160

为了解决川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河 

组地层的划分和对比问题 , 从岩石地层和 

层序地层两个方面进行了研究 , 利用地 

震、古生物、录井以及野外露头等资料对 

上三叠统的地层划分和对比方案进行了重 

新厘定 , 提出了不同地区的须家河组和香 

溪群的地层对比和划分方案 , 并且在层序 

地层学研究基础上提出了 “ 早期海相构造层 

序 ” 和 “ 晚期陆相构造层序 ”。具体介绍和解 

释了川西 “ 对冲式 ” 前陆盆地地层沉积演化 

模式的特点和形成原因。 

2008020554 

鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区砂岩型铀矿床沉积 

微相与层序地层 = Sedimentary microfacies 

and sequence stratigraphy of sandstone-type 

uranium deposit in the Dongsheng area of the 

Ordos Basin. ( 中文 ). 杨仁超 ; 韩作振 ; 樊爱萍 . 

地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 261-266 

鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区侏罗系直罗组砂 

岩型铀矿是在中国克拉通盆地中首次发现 

的大型铀矿 . 通过野外调研和多种室内分析 

手段 , 对该铀矿的含矿建造进行了岩石学、 

沉积学、层序地层学及其相互关系研究 , 认 

为直罗组沉积环境经历了辫状河 ( 辫状河三 

角洲 ) 向曲流河的转化 , 沉积相由辫状河向辫 

状河三角洲平原过渡的地区有利于铀矿的 

沉淀富集 , 层序地层学格架由 1 个长期基准 

面旋回、6 个中期旋回和 17 个短期旋回层 

序构成 , 基准面升降旋回中形成的含矿建造 

具良好的地层结构 . 基准面上升早期形成的 

辫状河河道砂体岩性主要为浅灰、灰白色 

粗 - 中粒长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩 , 具连 

通性好、粒度粗、碎屑含量高、杂基含量 

低及孔渗条件好等特点 , 是重要的含矿层 . 

2008020555 

内蒙古二连盆地早白垩世砂岩型铀矿目的 

层时代探讨 = Discussion on the Early Cretaceous 

sandstone-type uranium deposits, Erlian 

Basin, Inner Mongolia. ( 中文 ). 聂逢君 ; 陈安 

平 ; 胡青华 ; 申科峰 ; 秦明宽 ; 李满根 ; 姜美珠 . 

地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 272-279 

赛汉高毕和巴彦乌拉地区是二连盆地两 

个新近突破的砂岩型铀矿区 , 分属于两个不 

同的二级构造单元 , 前者位于乌兰察布坳陷 

的东北角 , 后者位于马尼特坳陷的西南角 , 中 

间由贺根山断裂分隔 . 由于两个地区的含矿 

目的层的厚度、岩性、岩石颜色、沉积相 

和沉积环境等存在一定的差别 , 故而引起了 

两地的含矿目的层时代的争论 . 为了解决这 

一问题 , 在砂岩型铀矿区部分钻孔进行了古 

地磁采样、分析 , 结果表明 : 地磁极性序列变 

化基本相似 , 相当于国际标准年表的阿普第 

一阿尔必期 . 同时 , 在两个地区采集的部分孢 

粉样品分析结果显示 , 均获得较多早白垩世 

的标志分子 , 组合面貌与我国北方早白垩世 

赛汉塔拉组 Cicatricosisporites- 

Disacciatrileti 孢粉植物群的特征非常相符 . 

古地磁和孢粉分析资料共同有力地证实了 

二连盆地的这两个地区砂岩型铀矿的目的 

层属于同一个层位 , 即下白垩统赛汉塔拉组 . 

2008020556 

白垩纪 - 古近纪界线处铁氧化物颗粒填充海 

生迹潜穴 :K-P 事件过程中接近同时发生 

集群现象的证据 = Fe-oxide spherules infilling 

Thalassinoides burrows at the Cretaceous- 

Paleogene (K-P) boundary: Evidence of a 

near-contemporaneous macrobenthic colonization 

during the K-P event. ( 英文 ). 

Rodríguez-Tovar F J. Geology, 2005, 33(6): 

585-588 

A detailed ichnological analysis focused 

on Thalassinoides structures recorded just below 

the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-P) boundary 

layer of the Agost section (southeast Spain) 

aimed to evaluate macrobenthic colonization 

during the K-P boundary event. Stereomicroscopy 

and field emission scanning electron 

microscopy analyses conducted on material 

filling in Thalassinoides trace fossils reveal 

the presence of dark infill material that includes 

spherule-like elements, similar to those 

previously differentiated in the K-P boundary 

layer. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry 

indicates a ferruginous composition (goethite 

spherules). This represents the first record of 

spherules related to the K-P boundary event 

within trace-fossil infilling material. The passive 

filling of this material into the Thalassinoides 

bioturbation allows interpretation of the 

gravitational deposition just after Thalassinoides 

trace-maker colonization. The absence 

of erosive sedimentary structures or other material 

deposited between the Thalassinoides 

trace-maker colonization and the spherule 

deposition is interpreted as evidence of rapid 

colonization during the K-P boundary event, 

nearly contemporary with the spherule layer 

deposition. 

2008020557 

贵州中三叠世盘县动物群产出地层的稀土 

元素特征及其地质意义 = REE characteristics 

and their geological implications of the 

strata bearing Panxian fauna of the Middle 

161

Triassic of Guizhou Province. ( 中文 ). 唐宾 ; 刘 

楚雄 ; 郝维城 . 北京大学学报 ( 自然科学 

版 ), 2007, 43(2): 190-197 

对产出盘县动物群化石的贵州羊件剖面 

岩石样品中稀土元素含量 ( 质量分数 ) 变化规 

律进行了研究 , 结果表明 : 剖面大部分沉积时 

间是处于弱还原的沉积环境 ; 样品中稀土元 

素含量的异常波动主要受当时的火山作用 

影响 , 其沉积物物源有 2 大类 4 亚类 , 分别来 

自拉斑玄武岩和沉积岩 ; 沉积岩样品的轻稀 

土、中稀土、重稀土配分极为相似 , 表现为 

稳定的演化特征 , 指示出当时剖面所处位置 

的构造环境较为稳定 . 

2008020558 

藏北北羌塘盆地那底岗日组时代归属的新 

证据 = New evidences for the age assignment 

of the Nadi Kangri Formation in the North 

Qiangtang basin, northern Tibet, China. ( 中 

文 ). 王剑 ; 汪正江 ; 陈文西 ; 付修根 ; 陈明 . 地质 

通报 , 2007, 26(4): 404-409 

藏北北羌塘盆地那底岗日组是一套角度 

不整合于三叠系肖茶卡组灰岩之上、假整 

合伏于侏罗系雀莫错组陆源碎屑岩之下的 

一套陆相火山岩夹火山碎屑岩及陆源碎屑 

岩地层 , 现有的资料都将其时代归属于早侏 

罗世。取自北羌塘盆地不同地区的 2 个那 

底岗日组流纹质晶屑凝灰岩和 1 个流纹质 

英安岩样品的 SHRIMP 锆石 U-Pb 定年结果 

分别为 205 Ma±4 Ma、208 Ma±4 Ma 和 210 

Ma±4 Ma, 它们代表了那底岗日火山岩的形 

成时代 , 即那底岗日组的时代应为晚三叠世 

中期 ( 诺利期 )。那底岗日组形成时代的重新 

确定 , 对于重新认识羌塘盆地中生代火山喷 

发事件、羌塘盆地的性质与沉积构造演化 

具有重要意义。 

2008020559 

西藏南羌塘坳陷色哇地区中 — 下侏罗统深 

色岩系地层的重新厘定 = Redefinition of the 

Mid-Lower Jurassic dark-colored rock series 

in the Sêwa area, southern Qiangtang, Tibet, 

China. ( 中文 ). 陈明 ; 谭富文 ; 汪正江 ; 熊国庆 ; 

梁虹 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(4): 440-447 1 图版 . 

针对南羌塘多玛地层分区中 — 下侏罗统 

深色岩系地层划分的混乱状况 ,2005 年在进 

行羌塘盆地石油地质调查中实测了色哇地 

区松可尔剖面 , 并系统采集到大量有时代意 

义的菊石化石。依据化石鉴定成果 , 结合沉 

积充填序列、沉积相及层序地层分析 , 对该 

套深色岩系地层进行了重新清理 , 把剖面中 

下部黑色、深灰色泥页岩夹灰岩和中部深 

灰色灰岩、泥灰岩夹泥岩地层厘定为下侏 

罗统曲色组 , 上部灰色、深灰色粉砂质泥页 

岩厘定为中侏罗统色哇组。该剖面大量菊 

石的获取和地层的重新厘定 , 一方面丰富了 

本区古生物学的内容 , 另一方面对该区地层 

的划分与对比、古地理演化研究等都具有 

重要的科学意义。 

2008020560 

古巴中部 Loma Capiro 地区白垩纪 - 古近纪 

界线沉积 : 作为 Chicxulub 碰撞的证据 = 

Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary deposits at 

Loma Capiro, central Cuba: Evidence for the 

Chicxulub impact. ( 英文 ). Alegret L; Arenillas 

I; Arz J A; Díaz C; Grajales-Nishimura J 

M; Meléndez A; Molina E; Rojas R; Soria A 

R. Geology, 2005, 33(9): 721-724 

A newly discovered Upper Cretaceous to 

lower Paleogene section at Loma Capiro (central 

Cuba) has provided new evidence for a 

Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary age for the 

Chicxulub impact. The studied sediments at 

Loma Capiro consist of a foraminifera-rich 

marl and sandstone hemipelagic sequence, and 

a 9.6-m-thick intercalated clastic complex. 

Planktic foraminifera indicate an upper Maastrichtian 

age for the sediments below the clastic 

complex and a lowermost Danian age for 

those just above this complex. Small benthic 

foraminifera from below and above the clastic 

complex indicate deposition at middle to lower 

bathyal depths. The fining-upward clastic 

complex consists of a basal breccia that is 

overlain by microconglomerates and coarse- to 

fine-grained sandstones. The clastic complex 

contains reworked foraminifera from different 

ages and different paleoenvironments and, 

toward the top, impact material such as altered 

microtektites, shocked quartz, terrestrial chondrules, 

and accretionary lapilli. These microfacies 

suggest deposition from gravity flows 

that eroded sediments from upper-slope and 

shelf settings and redeposited them in deeper 

bathyal environments. We suggest that the 

origin of the clastic complex may be linked to 

the collapse of the Cuban platform, triggered 

by the Cretaceous-Paleogene impact at Chicxulub. 

2008020561 

西藏冈底斯西段措勤地区海相三叠系的划 

分 = Stratigraphic division of the marine Triassic 

in the Coqên area, western Gangdise, 

Tibet, China. ( 中文 ). 纪占胜 ; 姚建新 ; 武桂春 . 

地质通报 , 2007, 26(8): 947-952 

162

西藏措勤县江让乡敌布错北缘敌布错组 

之下的碳酸盐岩并非原来推断的中二叠世 " 

下拉组 ", 研究结果显示其中含有三叠系。新 

发现的三叠系自下而上划分为 : 早三叠世印 

度期至中三叠世拉丁期末期的嘎仁错组 ( 新 

建 )、中三叠世拉丁期末期至晚三叠世卡尼 

期的珠龙组 ( 新建 ) 和晚三叠世诺利期的江让 

组。措勤地区海相三叠系的发现说明冈底 

斯西部发育早三叠世印度期 — 晚三叠世诺 

利期的海相碳酸盐岩地层 , 而非原来认为的 

三叠系缺失。 

2008020562 

西藏日土东部晚三叠世日干配错组及其与 

下伏地层不整合面的发现 = Discovery of 

the Late Triassic Rigain Pünco Formation and 

the unconformity between it and its underlying 

strata in eastern Rutog, Tibet, China. ( 中 

文 ). 李晓勇 ; 文丰 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(8): 

1009-1013 

在 1∶ 25 万羌多幅区域地质调查工作中 , 

于日土县鸡穷一带填绘出一套总体以碳酸 

盐岩为主夹碎屑岩的沉积地层 , 富含双壳 

类、珊瑚、腹足类和海绵等海相动物化石 , 

局部碎屑岩中含植物化石碎片 , 生物群面貌 

指示地层时代为晚三叠世 , 层位归置晚三叠 

世日干配错组。底部复成分砾岩角度不整 

合超覆于中二叠世龙格组之上。这套地层 

的发现为研究西藏晚三叠世地层的空间展 

布、古地理环境、古构造背景及地质发展 

历史等提供了新资料。 

新生界 

2008020563 

晚始新世切萨皮克湾事件中沟鞭藻的撞击 

破坏 = Impact damage to Dinocysts from the 

Late Eocene Chesapeake Bay Event. ( 英文 ). 

Edwards L E; Powars D S. Palaios, 2003, 

18(3): 275–285 

The Chesapeake Bay impact structure, 

formed by a comet or meteorite that struck the 

Virginia continental shelf about 35.5 million 

years ago, is the focus of an extensive coring 

project by the U.S. Geological Survey and its 

cooperators. Organic-walled dinocysts recovered 

from impact-generated deposits in a deep 

core inside the 85–90 km-wide crater include 

welded organic clumps and fused, partially 

melted and bubbled dinocysts unlike any previously 

observed. Other observed damage to 

dinocysts consists of breakage, pitting, and 

folding in various combinations. The entire 

marine Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene 

section that was once present at the site has 

been excavated and redeposited under extreme 

conditions that include shock, heat, collapse, 

tsunamis, and airfall. The preserved dinocysts 

reflect these conditions and, as products of a 

known impact, may serve as guides for recognizing 

impact-related deposits elsewhere. Features 

that are not unique to impacts, such as 

breakage and folding, may offer new insights 

into crater-history studies in general, and to 

the history of the Chesapeake Bay impact 

structure in particular. Impact-damaged dinocysts 

also are found sporadically in postimpact 

deposits and add to the story of continuing 

erosion and faulting of crater material. 

2008020564 

华盛顿奎纳尔特组 ( 上新世 ) 活动大陆边 

缘风暴洪流影响下的河口高分辨率框架和 

古生态 = High-Resolution architecture and 

paleoecology of an active margin, storm-flood 

influenced estuary, Quinault Formation (Pliocene), 

Washington. ( 英文 ). Campbell K A; 

Nesbitt E A. Palaios, 2000, 15(6): 553–579 

An exhumed Pliocene estuarine sequence is 

preserved in exquisite detail in the Quinault 

Formation of coastal western Washington. 

The thick fill of the Quinault estuarine basin 

(700 m) represents a single transgressiveregressive 

system that was punctuated by subduction-related 

tectonic events, and may reflect 

erosion and sediment accumulation during 

accelerated uplift of the Olympic Mountains 

in the Pliocene. Sedimentation patterns 

in the ancient Quinault estuary were influenced 

strongly both by floods on the paleo- 

Quinault River, and by storm waves on the 

high-energy, open Pacific coast. Body fossils 

were derived from both marine and brackish 

faunal elements. Trace fossil suites indicate 

that the benthos flourished in the fluctuating 

physicochemical conditions of an estuary in 

dynamic equilibrium. An estuarine-specific 

trace fossil, a new ichnospecies of Psilonichnus 

that is attributed to burrows of the mud 

shrimp Upogebia pugettensis, is restricted to 

inlet-mouth, muddy sandstone facies. The marine-marginal 

marine transition is wellpreserved 

in Quinault estuarine strata (exposed 

in the Point Grenville and Cape Elizabeth 

areas), as evidenced by: (1) distinctive 

sedimentologic signatures characteristic of 

lower shoreface, estuarine mouth, central basin, 

tidal creek/flat, and fluvial subenvironments; 

and, (2) systematic changes in trace 

fossil associations in the up-estuary direction, 

from Skolithos ichnofacies elements to a 

163

mixed Skolithos-Cruziana assemblage to 

Glossifungites associations with rhizome phytoburbation. 

Hence, Quinault strata record a 

classic tripartite division of an ancient estuarine 

system, allowing a fine-scale delineation 

of subenvironments in an active tectonic regime. 

2008020565 

冰岛赫克拉火山混合岩浆的产生先于 

Plinian 硅质喷发 : 来自两个沉积区域的矿 

物学和化学证据 = Hybrid magma generation 

preceding Plinian silicic eruptions at Hekla, 

Iceland: evidence from mineralogy and chemistry 

of two zoned deposits. ( 英文 ). Sverrisdottir 

G. Geological Magazine, 2007, 144(4): 

643-659 

Hekla is a Holocene volcanic ridge in 

southern Iceland, which is notable for the link 

between repose periods and the composition 

of the first-erupted magma. The two largest 

explosive silicic eruptions, H4 and H3, 

erupted about 4200 and 3000 years ago. Airfall 

deposits from these eruptions were sampled 

in detail and analysed for major and trace 

elements, along with microprobe analyses of 

minerals and glasses. Both deposits show 

compositional variation ranging from 72 % to 

56 % SiO2, with mineralogical evidence of 

equilibrium crystallization in the early erupted 

rhyolitic component but disequilibrium in the 

later erupted basaltic andesite component. The 

eruptions started with production of rhyolitic 

magma followed by dacitic to basaltic andesite 

magma. Sparse crystallization of the intermediate 

magma and predominant reverse 

zoning of minerals, trending towards a common 

surface composition, indicate magma 

mixing between rhyolite and a basaltic andesite 

end-member. The suggested model involves 

partial melting of older tholeiitic crust 

to produce silicic magma, which segregated 

and accumulated in deep crustal reservoir. 

Silicic magma eruption is triggered by basaltic 

andesite dyke injection, with a proportion of 

the dyke magma contributing to the production 

and eruption of a mixed hybrid magma. 

Both the volume of the silicic partial melt, and 

the proportion of the hybrid magma depend on 

the pre-eruptive repose time. 

2008020566 

苏格兰西北部 Ardamurchan 地区的中部三 

分层辉长岩入侵 = The Centre 3 layered gabbro 

intrusion, Ardnamurchan, NW Scotland. 

( 英文 ). Driscoll B O. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(6): 897-908 

Detailed remapping of the Palaeogene Ardnamurchan 

Centre 3 gabbros, NW Scotland, 

suggests that this classic sequence of ringintrusions 

forms a composite layered lopolith. 

The area mapped by previous studies as the 

Great Eucrite gabbro intrusion comprises 70 

% by area of Centre 3. Field observations suggest 

that most of the other smaller ringintrusions 

of Centre 3 (interior to the Great 

Eucrite) constitute either distinct petrological 

facies of the same intrusion, or included country-rock 

or peridotite blocks. These observations, 

together with syn-magmatically deformed 

inward-dipping modal layering, are 

used here to support the interpretation that 

significant central sagging occurred in the intrusion 

at a late stage in its crystallization history. 

2008020567 

Borelis melo melo (Fichtel & Moll, 1798) 和 

B. melo curdica (Reichel, 1937)B-melo curdica 

的地层和古生物地理意义 = On the 

stratigraphical and palaeobiogeographical significance 

of Borelis melo melo (Fichtel & 

Moll, 1798) and B. melo curdica (Reichel, 

1937) (Foraminifera, Miliolida, Alveolinidae). 

( 英文 ). Jones R W; Simmons M D; Whittaker 

J E. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2006, 

25(part 2): 175-185 

The stratigraphical and palaeobiogeographical 

significance of Borelis melo 

melo (Fichtel & Moll, 1798) and B. melo curdica 

(Reichel, 1937) is re-assessed in the light 

of a taxonomic review. Borelis melo melo 

ranges at least throughout the Miocene, 

whereas B. melo curdica is restricted to the 

late Early to Middle Miocene. Both subspecies 

occur only in the Indo-Pacific Province 

in the late Early Miocene ('early' Burdigalian), 

but in both the Indo-Pacific and Mediterranean 

provinces in the latest Early-early 

Middle Miocene ('rniddle' Burdigalian- 

Langhian), implying a marine (re-)connection 

between the two regions at this time. 

2008020568 

印度查谟和克什米尔省喜马拉雅西北部中 

中新世季风气候的土壤记录 = Middle Miocene 

pedological record of monsoonal climate 

from NW Himalaya (Jammu & Kashmir 

State), India. ( 英文 ). Ganjoo R K; Shaker S. 


6): 704-714 

164

The Lower Siwalik Subgroup represented 

by the Dodenal (Kamlial Formation) and 

Ramnagar Members (Chinji Formation) is 

well exposed at Ramnagar, District Udhampur, 

Jammu & Kashmir State. The Ramnagar 

Member consists of an alternating sequence of 

silt and mudstone formed under crevassesplay 

and flood-plain environments of deposition. 

Argillisol and gleysol soils are developed 

on the Ramnagar Member deposits. Argillisols 

formed under well-drained conditions at high 

levels, whereas gleysols formed under poorly 

drained conditions at low levels of the palaeolandscape. 

Geochemical and micromorphological 

studies of the Ramnagar Member 

palaeosols suggest formation under wet and 

humid climatic conditions. Early uplift of the 

Tibetan Plateau/Himalaya resulted in a contemporaneous 

change in precipitation and 

monsoonal climate conditions within the Indian 

region beginning in Middle Miocene. 

2008020569 

土耳其东安纳托利亚马拉提亚盆地南部上 

白垩统 - 第三系层序的地层和大地构造 - 沉积 

演化 = Stratigraphy and tectono-sedimentary 

evolution of the Upper Cretaceous–Tertiary 

sequence in the southern part of the Malatya 

Basin, East Anatolia, Turkey. ( 英文 ). Önal M; 

Kaya M. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 

2007, 29(5-6): 878-890 

The Malatya Basin is situated on the 

southern Taurus-Anatolian Platform. The 

southern part of the basin contains a sedimentary 

sequence which can be divided into four 

main units, each separated by an unconformity. 

From base to top, these are: (1) Permo- 

Carboniferous; (2) Upper Cretaceous–Lower 

Paleocene, (3) Middle-Upper Eocene and (4) 

Upper Miocene. The Upper Cretaceous– 

Tertiary sedimentary sequence resting on 

basement rocks is up to 700 m thick. The 

Permo-Carboniferous basement consist of 

dolomites and recrystallized limestones. The 

Upper Cretaceous–Lower Paleocene transgressive–regressive 

sequence shows a transition 

from terrestrial environments, via lagoonal 

to shallow-marine limestones to deep 

marine turbiditic sediments, followed upwards 

by shallow marine cherty limestones. The marine 

sediments contain planktic and benthic 

foraminifers indicating an upper Campanian, 

Maastrichtian and Danian age. The Middle- 

Upper Eocene is a transgressive–regressive 

sequence represented by terrestrial and lagoonal 

clastics, shallow-marine limestones 

and deep marine turbidites. The planktic and 

benthic foraminifers in the marine sediments 

indicate a Middle-Upper Eocene age. The upper 

Miocene sequence consists of a reddishbrownconglomerate–sandstone–mudstone 

alternation of alluvial and fluvial facies. During 

Late Cretaceous–Early Paleocene times, 

the Gündüzbey Group was deposited in the 

southern part of a fore-arc basin, simultaneously 

with volcanics belonging to the Yüksekova 

Group. During Middle-Late Eocene 

times, the Yeşilyurt Group was deposited in 

the northern part of the Maden Basin and the 

Helete volcanic arc. The Middle-Upper Eocene 

Malatya Basin was formed due to block 

faulting at the beginning of the Middle Eocene 

time. During the Late Paleocene–Early Eocene, 

and at the end of the Eocene, the study 

areas became continental due to the southward 

advance of nappe structures. The rock sequences 

in the southern part of the Malatya 

Basin may be divided into four tectonic units, 

from base to top: the lower allochthon, the 

upper allochthon, the parautochthon and 

autochthonous rock units. 

2008020570 

伊朗扎格罗斯盆地 Chaman-Bolbol 地区 

Asmari 组的沉积相和层序地层研究 = 

Sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy 

of the Asmari Formation at Chaman-Bolbol, 

Zagros Basin, Iran. ( 英文 ). Amirshahkaram M; 

Vaziri-Moghaddam H; Taheri A. Journal of 


The Oligocene–Miocene Asmari Formation 

of the Zagros Basin is a thick sequence of 

shallow water carbonate. In the study area, it 

is subdivided into 14 microfacies that are distinguished 

on the basis of their depositional 

textures, petrographic analysis and fauna. 

Based on the paleoecology and lithology, four 

distinct depositional settings can be recognized: 

tidal flat, lagoon, barrier, and open marine. 

The Asmari Formation represents sedimentation 

on a carbonate ramp. In the inner 

ramp, the most abundant lithofacies are medium 

grained wackestone–packstone with imperforated 

foraminifera. The middle ramp is 

represented by packstone–grainstone to floatstone 

with a diverse assemblage of larger foraminifera 

with perforate wall, red algae, 

bryozoa, and echinoids. The outer ramp is 

dominated by argillaceous wackestone characterized 

by planktonic foraminifera and large 

and flat nummulitidae and lepidocyclinidae. 

Three third-order depositional sequences are 

recognized from deepening and shallowing 

trends in the depositional facies, changes in 

165

cycle stacking patterns, and sequence boundary 

features. 

2008020571 

长白山区全新世大暖期的氨基酸和碳同位 

素记录 = The records of amino acids and organic 

carbon isotope for Holocene megathermal 

in Changbaishan area. ( 中文 ). 王金权 ; 刘 

金陵 . 微体古生物学报 , 2001, 18(4): 392-398 

根据长白山孤山屯沼泽沉积物的氨基 

酸、有机碳、有机氮和有机碳同位素 

( 13 C/ 12 C) 垂直分布的研究 , 揭示了长白山区 

距今 13.5ka 以来的气候环境特征及其演变 

过程 : 大约距今 13.5 - 12.5 ka, 气候严寒 , 不利 

于生物的繁衍 , 生物产量处于较低值 ; 距今 

12.5 -9.5 ka, 气温处于上升期 , 但年均温度仍 

低于现今温度 ; 距今 9.5 - 4.0 ka, 可判定为全 

新世大暖期 (Megathermal), 气候温暖潮湿 , 有 

利于生物的繁衍 , 生物产量较高。其中大约 

距今 8.6 - 7.5 ka 期间 , 氨基酸、有机碳、有 

机氮分布均出现较高峰值 , 而有机碳同位素 

(δ 13 C) 则出现较低峰值 , 可以推测这一时段为 

全新世大暖期的鼎盛期 (Megathermal 

Maximum), 生物极为繁盛 , 生物产量处于最 

高值 ; 距今 4.0 ka 以来 , 气温有下降趋势 , 生物 

产量有所减少 , 但雨水量有增加的趋势。 

2008020572 

干旱区终闾湖泊孢粉记录的环境重建模 

式 — 以甘肃石羊河流域终闾湖泊为例 = A 

reconstruct model of palaeoecological conditions 

by pollen assemblage at the end of Shiyang 

River (an internal system), an Arid area, 

Gansu Province. ( 中文 ). 朱艳 ; 陈发虎 ; 冯兆东 . 

古生物学报 , 2001, 40(2): 269-275 

西北干旱区河西走廊东段、石羊河终闾 

湖泊边缘的三角城剖面全新世早期至末次 

冰消期 292—600cm 处 155 个样孢粉组合 , 

显示云杉、圆柏属含量极高 , 两者之和达 40 

%— 60 %, 且百分比互为消长。云杉百分比 

与孢粉浓度、植被分异度成正比。通过对 

云杉、圆柏属生态习性、传播性能、与其 

它组分关系、当地特殊的自然地理条件的 

综合分析 , 笔者认为剖面中高含量的云杉、 

圆柏属来自流域上游祁连山 , 是石羊河搬运 

的结果 , 孢粉组合中其它成分有当地的 , 也 

有来自山上的。剖面附近表土花粉分析支 

持这种观点。云杉、圆柏属是判断流域环 

境变化的主要因子 , 孢粉组合中其它成分可 

辅助判断环境变化的细节。流域环境重建 

模式和具体的变化过程是 : 孢粉组合中的主 

要成分指示流域山上的植被状况 ; 云杉花粉 

含量高时 , 流域有效湿度大 , 山上云杉林范 

围扩大 , 终闾区湖泊发育 , 整个流域生物分异 

度、密度 , 孢粉浓度都大 ; 圆柏属花粉含量 

高 , 流域干旱 , 山上云杉林范围急剧减少 , 整 

个流域生物分异度、密度减小 , 孢粉浓度降 

低。圆柏属受干旱影响较小 , 数量有所减少 , 

但因补偿递减率的作用 , 百分比增加。这可 

为重建我国西部干旱区湖泊孢粉记录的古 

环境作参考。 

2008020573 

化石氨基酸在第四纪古生态和古气候研究 

中的应用 — 以吉林长白山孤山屯和江苏太 

湖全新世沉积物中氨基酸为例 = Amino 

acid vertical distributions in Quaternary sediments 

from Changbaishan bog and Taihu 

Lake,China, and their paleoecological implications. 

( 中文 ). 王金权 . 古生物学报 , 2001, 

40(4): 533-542 

近几十年来 , 随着稳定性碳同位素和 

14 C 

测年等新技术、新方法的应用 , 使第四纪研 

究迅速地由定性向定量发展。然而 , 氨基酸 

应用于第四纪古生态和古气候的研究在国 

内仍少有人知 , 在国际期刊上也不多见。近 

年来 , 作者开展了长白山孤山屯和太湖全新 

世沉积物的氨基酸和有机碳同位素分布与 

古生态、古气候意义的分析研究 , 结果表明 , 

化石氨基酸同样可为第四纪的生态环境和 

古气候的研究提供信息 , 并为全球性对比提 

供证据。 

2008020574 

中新世中期主要全球气候变化 : 来自东南 

极和横贯南极山脉的证据 = Major middle 

Miocene global climate change: Evidence 

from East Antarctica and the Transantarctic 

Mountains. ( 英文 ). Lewis A R; Marchant D R; 

Ashworth A C; Hemming S R;. Machlus M L. 

Geological Society of America Bulletin, 2007, 

119(11-12): 1449-1461 

We present a glacial record from the 

western Olympus Range, East Antarctica, that 

documents a permanent shift in the thermal 

regime of local glaciers, from wet- to coldbased 

regimes, more than 13.94 m.y. ago. This 

glacial record provides the first terrestrial evidence 

linking middle Miocene global climate 

cooling to a permanent reorganization of the 

Antarctic cryosphere and to subsequent 

growth of the polar East Antarctic Ice Sheet. 

The composite stratigraphic record constructed 

from field mapping and analyses of 

281 soil excavations shows a classic wetbased 

till (Circe till, including an extensive 

melt-out facies), overlain by a weathered col- 

166

luvial deposit (Electra colluvium), and then a 

series of stacked tills deposited from coldbased 

ice (Dido drift). Chronologic control 

comes from 40 Ar/ 39 Ar analyses of concentrated 

ash-fall deposits interbedded within glacial 

deposits. The shift from wet- to cold-based 

glaciation reflects a drop in mean annual temperature 

of 25–30 °C and is shown to precede 

one or more major episodes of ice-sheet expansion 

across the region, the youngest of 

which occurred between 13.62 and 12.44 Ma. 

One implication is that atmospheric cooling, 

following a relatively warm mid-Miocene climatic 

optimum ca. 17 to 15 Ma, may have led 

to, and thus triggered, maximum ice-sheet 

overriding. 

2008020575 

晚中新世 C4 植物扩张的构成和速率 : 来自 

巴基斯坦北部 Siwalik 群古土壤中稳定同位 

素的横向变化证据 = The structure and rate 

of late Miocene expansion of C4 plants: Evidence 

from lateral variation in stable isotopes 

in paleosols of the Siwalik Group, northern 

Pakistan. ( 英文 ). Behrensmeyer A K; Quade J; 

Cerling T E; Kappelman J; Khan I A; Copeland 

P; Roe L. Geological Society of America 

Bulletin, 2007, 119(11-12): 1486-1505 

This study uses stable isotope variation 

within individual Mio-Pliocene paleosols to 

investigate subkilometer - scale phytogeography 

of late Miocene vegetation change in 

southeast Asia between ca. 8.1 and 5 Ma, a 

time interval that coincides with dramatic 

global vegetation change. We examine trends 

through time in the distribution of low-latitude 

grasses (C 4 plants) and forest (C 3 plants) on 

Indo-Gangetic floodplains using carbon ( 13 C) 

and oxygen isotopic ( 18 O) values in buried 

soil carbonates in Siwalik Series sediments 

exposed in the Rohtas Anticline, north-central 

Pakistan. Revised, high-resolution magnetostratigraphy 

and a new 40 Ar/ 39 Ar date provide 

improved age control for the 2020 m Rohtas 

section. Carbon isotope results capture lateral 

variability of C 3 versus C 4 plants at five stratigraphic 

levels, R11 (8.0 Ma), R15 (6.74–6.78 

Ma), R23 (5.78 Ma), R29 (4.8–4.9 Ma), and 

upper boundary tuff (UBT; 2.4 Ma), using 

detailed sampling of paleosols traceable laterally 

over hundreds of meters. Paleosols and 

the contained isotopic results can be assigned 

to three different depositional contexts within 

the fluvial sediments: channel fill, crevassesplay, 

and floodplain environments. 13 C results 

show that near the beginning (8.0 Ma) and 

after (4.0 Ma) the period of major ecological 

change, vegetation was homogeneously C 3 or 

C 4 , respectively, regardless of paleo-landscape 

position. In the intervening period, there is a 

wide range of values overall, with C 4 grasses 

first invading the drier portions of the system 

(floodplain surfaces) and C 3 plants persisting 

in moister settings, such as topographically 

lower channel swales. Although abrupt on a 

geologic timescale, changes in abundance of 

C 4 plants are modest ( 2% per 100,000 yr) 

compared to rates of vegetation turnover in 

response to glacial and interglacial climate 

changes in the Quaternary. Earlier research 

documented a sharply defined C 3 to C 4 transition 

in Pakistan between 8.1 and 5.0 Ma, 

based on vertical sampling, but this higherresolution 

study reveals a more gradual transition 

between 8.0 and 4.5 Ma in which C 3 and 

C 4 plants occupied different subenvironments 

of the Siwalik alluvial plain. 

2008020576 

澳大利亚东南部气候和植被对南半球晚上 

新世 - 早更新世日照压力的反映 = Climate 

and vegetation in southeastern Australia respond 

to Southern Hemisphere insolation forcing 

in the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene. ( 英 

文 ). Sniderman J M K; Pillans J P; O'Sullivan 

P B; Kershaw A P. Geology, 2007, 35(1): 41- 

44 

Terrestrial climate responses to orbital 

forcing during the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene 

are poorly understood, particularly in the 

Southern Hemisphere, but are important for 

determination of the timing of regional climate 

evolution early in the history of the glaciated 

Quaternary world. We present a pollen 

record from southeastern Australia that shows 

marked cyclic change over some 280,000 yr 

straddling the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. 

Rainforest communities responded to climate 

forcing primarily within the precession and 

eccentricity bands, suggesting that major vegetation 

changes were driven directly by summer 

insolation, rather than by obliquitydominated 

glacial cycles. 

2008020577 

墨西哥奇瓦瓦沙漠最大的全新世湖泊和气 

候变化 = Large Holocene lakes and climate 

change in the Chihuahuan Desert. ( 英文 ). 

Castiglia P J; Fawcett P J. Geology, 2006, 

34(2): 113-116 

Lake-level variations preserved as beach 

ridges in the Laguna El Fresnal and Laguna 

Santa María subbasins, northern Mexico, re- 

167

cord millennially spaced episodes of increased 

precipitation during the Holocene epoch. We 

find that the early, middle, and late Holocene 

were punctuated by periods wet enough to 

establish large pluvial lakes in currently dry 

basins in the Chihuahuan Desert; the largest 

dated pluvial lake covered 5650 km 2 during 

the early Holocene. Constructional beach 

ridges in these subbasins are 221 ± 33 14 C yr 

B.P. (Little Ice Age equivalent), 3815 ± 52 to 

4251 ± 59 14 C yr B.P. (early Neoglacial), 6110 

± 80 to 6721 ± 68 14 C yr B.P. (mid-Holocene), 

and 8269 ± 64 to 8456 ± 97 14 C yr B.P. (early 

Holocene), dates that correlate with other millennially 

spaced wet or cold events in the 

Northern Hemisphere. We attribute these wet 

episodes to increased precipitation, cooler 

temperatures, and reduced evaporation following 

southward shifts in winter storm tracks, 

which are related to long-term El Niño– 

Southern Oscillation variability during the 

Holocene. 

2008020578 

塔里木盆地亚哈剖面磁性地层 : 在天山山 

脉的侵蚀和上升中 11Ma 时的促化作用 = 

Magnetostratigraphy of the Yaha section, 

Tarim Basin (China): 11 Ma acceleration in 

erosion and uplift of the Tian Shan mountains. 

( 英文 ). Julien Charreau J; Gilder S; Chen Yan; 

Dominguez S; Avouac J-P; Sen S; Jolivet 

M;Li Yongan ; Wang Weiming. Geology, 

2006, 34(3): 181-184 

We report a magnetostratigraphic and 

rock magnetic study of the Yaha section, located 

on the southern flank of the central Tian 

Shan mountains, Asia. Our results show a 

two-fold increase in sedimentation rate as well 

as marked changes in rock magnetic characteristics 

ca. 11 Ma. After 11 Ma, sedimentation 

rate remained remarkably constant until at 

least 5.2 Ma. These findings are consistent 

with sedimentary records from other sections 

surrounding the Tian Shan. We conclude that 

uplift and erosion of the Tian Shan accelerated 

ca. 11 Ma, long after the onset of the collision 

between India and Asia, and that the range 

rapidly evolved toward a steady-state geometry 

via a balance between tectonic and erosion 

processes. 

2008020579 

东亚季风对冰消期气候变化的季节性特殊 

响应 = Seasonally specific responses of the 

East Asian monsoon to deglacial climate 

changes. ( 英文 ). Nakagawa T; Tarasov P E; 

Kitagawa H; Yasuda Y; Gotanda K. Geology, 

2006, 34(7): 521-524 

The deglacial meltwater pulse in the 

North Atlantic that induced the Younger Dryas 

event also prompted climate cooling in East 

Asian monsoon regions such as Japan and 

coastal mid-latitude China. However, very 

little is understood about the mechanism that 

can transmit changes in the North Atlantic to 

the Far East. Here we show that the shutdown 

of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation 

brought about significantly lower temperatures 

and higher precipitation in the Japanese 

winter, whereas the change in the Japanese 

summer climate was considerably smaller. 

The cooling of the Siberian air mass seems to 

have caused an increased pressure gradient 

between Siberia and the West Pacific in winter, 

intensifying the winter monsoon. The Mongolian 

high-pressure system and the westerly jet 

stream played an important role in the teleconnection. 

In contrast, the warming at the 

onset of the late glacial interstadial (GI-1; Bølling-Allerød) 

in the West Pacific did not have 

season-specific features, implying that the 

principal driving mechanism of this warming 

event may lie in a pan-hemispheric or global 

factor, such as insolation changes. 

2008020580 

河口化石色素所反映的年至数十年的晚全 

新世北大西洋气候旋回 = Subdecadal to 

multidecadal cycles of Late Holocene North 

Atlantic climate variability preserved by estuarine 

fossil pigments. ( 英文 ). Hubeny J B; 

King J W; Santos A. Geology, 2006, 34(7): 

569-572 

The climate system in the North Atlantic 

region is complex and influenced by outside 

forcings as well as internal modes of the system. 

Modeling and observational work have 

suggested that a better understanding of the 

connections between ocean- and atmospheredriven 

variability could lead to predictive 

power for North American and European 

weather patterns. Here we present a new millennial-length 

proxy record of estuarine fossil 

pigments and use it to investigate cyclic components 

of North Atlantic climate through the 

effects on estuarine ecosystems. The time series 

exhibits significant cyclic components 

that can be related to two of the dominant internal 

modes of climate variability in the region: 

the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) 

and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation 

(AMO). The NAO signal is associated with 

internal atmospheric variability, while the 

168

AMO has been linked to previously modeled 

and observed changes in thermohaline circulation 

and meridional heatflux. In our record, 

the dominant periodicity of the AMO has 

shifted over time, in concert with Medieval 

Warm Period–Little Ice Age–Present Warm 

Period transitions. A relationship between an 

intermittent NAO cycle and the AMO signal 

suggests coupling of the ocean-atmosphere 

system at multidecadal time scales. Although 

the causal relationship is not resolved, predictive 

models of Northern Hemisphere interannual 

weather patterns and estuarine productivity 

may be improved by incorporating the results 

of this study. 

2008020581 

中欧阿尔卑斯梅辛阶的气候变化和腐蚀破 

坏 = Messinian climate change and erosional 

destruction of the central European Alps. ( 英 

文 ). Willett S D; Schlunegger F; Picotti V. 

Geology, 2006, 34(8): 613-616 

At the end of the Miocene, the European 

Alps ceased outward expansion, and tectonic 

uplift and exhumation shifted into the orogen 

interior. This shift is consistent with a change 

from orogenic construction to orogenic destruction, 

reflecting an increase in the ratio of 

erosional flux to accretionary flux. The coincidence 

of this change with an increase in 

sediment yield from the Alps suggests a climate-driven 

increase in erosional flux. The 

timing of deformation and sediment release 

from the southern Alps indicates that the tectonic 

change occurred synchronous with the 

last phase of the Messinian salinity crisis. We 

attribute the increase in erosional flux to a 

climatic shift to wetter conditions throughout 

Europe, likely augmented by the base-level 

fall that occurred during the Mediterranean 

dessication. This climate change is represented 

in the stratigraphic record by the Lago Mare 

deposits of the Mediterranean salinity crisis. 

2008020582 

美国得克萨斯霍尔洞穴记录的 Heinrich H1 

和 8200 yr B.P. 气候事件 = Heinrich H1 and 

8200 yr B.P. climate events recorded in Hall's 

Cave, Texas. ( 英文 ). Ellwood B B; Gose W A. 

Geology, 2006, 34(9): 753-756 

Measurements of magnetic susceptibility 

(MS) have been performed on a continuous set 

of samples from a well-dated 3 m sequence of 

sediments collected from Hall's Cave, Edwards 

Plateau, central Texas. Three major 

climatic events are represented by distinctive 

MS increases in the sequence: (1) the Heinrich 

event H1 (from 17,500 to 17,000 yr B.P.); (2) 

the end of full glacial conditions on the Edwards 

Plateau at 14,200 yr B.P.; and (3) the 

8200 yr B.P. climatic event (from 8250 to 

8050 yr B.P.). In addition, a minor event at 

4400 yr B.P. is also well defined here and in 

Canada, indicating that it is a broadly regional 

event. These data indicate that all four events 

represent a shift toward milder climatic conditions 

accompanied by increased rainfall at this 

location. The general climatic trends interpreted 

from the MS data are consistent with 

independent vertebrate assemblages, floral 

indicators, and isotopic data recovered from 

the cave. 

2008020583 

智利阿塔卡玛沙漠新近纪气候变化和抬升 

= Neogene climate change and uplift in the 

Atacama Desert, Chile. ( 英文 ). Rech J A; 

Currie B S; Michalski G: Cowan A M. Geology, 

2006, 34(9): 761-764 

The relationship between Andean uplift 

and extreme desiccation of the west coast of 

South America is important for understanding 

the interplay between climate and tectonics in 

the Central Andes, yet it is poorly understood. 

Here we use soil morphological characteristics, 

salt chemistry, and mass independent fractionation 

anomalies ( 17 O values) in dated paleosols 

to reconstruct a middle Miocene climatic 

transition from semiaridity to extreme 

hyperaridity in the Atacama Desert. Paleosols 

along the southeastern margin of the Calama 

Basin change from calcic Vertisols with root 

traces, slickensides, and gleyed horizons to an 

extremely mature salic Gypsisol with pedogenic 

nitrate. We interpret this transition, 

which occurred between 19 and 13 Ma, to 

represent a change in precipitation from >200 

mm/yr to 2 km; the uplift 

blocked moisture from the South American 

summer monsoon from entering the Atacama. 

The mid-Miocene Gypsisol with pedogenic 

nitrate is located at elevations between 2900 

and 3400 m in the Calama Basin, significantly 

higher than modern nitrate soils, which occur 

below 2500 m. Modern and Quaternary soils 

in this elevation zone contain soil carbonate 

and lack pedogenic gypsum and nitrate. We 

infer that >900 m of local surface uplift over 

the past 10 m.y. displaced these nitrate paleosols 

relative to modern nitrate soils and caused 

a return to wetter conditions in the Calama 

169

Basin by decreasing local air temperatures and 

creating an orographic barrier to Pacific air 

masses. 

2008020584 

楚克其海海平面的快速上升和全新世气候 

= Rapid sea-level rise and Holocene climate in 

the Chukchi Sea. ( 英文 ). Keigwin L D; Donnelly 

J P; Cook M S; Driscoll N W; Brigham- 

Grette J. Geology, 2006, 34(10): 861-864 

Three new sediment cores from the 

Chukchi Sea preserve a record of local paleoenvironment, 

sedimentation, and flooding 

of the Chukchi Shelf (–50 m) by glacialeustatic 

sea-level rise. Radiocarbon dates on 

foraminifera provide the first marine evidence 

that the sea invaded Hope Valley (southern 

Chukchi Sea, –53 m) as early as 12 ka. The 

lack of significant sediment accumulation 

since ca. 7 ka in Hope Valley, southeastern 

Chukchi Shelf, is consistent with decreased 

sediment supply and fluvial discharge to the 

shelf as deglaciation of Alaska concluded. 

Abundant benthic foraminifera from a site 

west of Barrow Canyon indicate that surface 

waters were more productive 4–6 ka, and this 

productivity varied on centennial time scales. 

An offshore companion to this core contains a 

20 m record of the Holocene. These results 

show that carefully selected core sites from the 

western Arctic Ocean can have a temporal 

resolution equal to the best cores from other 

regions, and that these sites can be exploited 

for high-resolution studies of the paleoenvironment. 

2008020585 

包头地区晚更新世 —— 全新世地层划分对 

比及环境变迁 = Subdivision and correlation 

of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene strata in the 

Baotou area and its paleoenvironment variation. 

( 中文 ). 邓金宪 ; 刘正宏 ; 徐仲元 ; 杨振升 ; 

温泉波 ; 李丰江 ; 宋海峰 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 

31(2): 133-140 

对包头平原第四纪堆积物的年代地层、 

生物地层、岩石地层和磁性地层的研究表 

明 , 该区晚更新世 — 全新世地层可与我国 

华北晚更新世 — 全新世典型地层剖面 —— 

萨拉乌苏河滴哨沟湾剖面对比 , 并可进一 

步划分出萨拉乌苏组、城川组、大沟湾组 

和滴哨沟湾组。这一研究不仅重新厘定了 

包头平原这一时段地层的层序 , 完成大区 

域地层对比 , 同时也为研究包头地区乃至 

呼包盆地晚更新世 — 全新世古气候和古地 

理环境变迁提供了基础资料。 

2008020586 

末次盛冰期以来长江南通段古河谷的地层 

特征 = Stratigraphic framework characteristics 

of the Yangtze River's incised valley in 

Nantong since the Last Glacial Maximum. ( 中 

文 ). 曹光杰 ; 王建 ; 屈贵贤 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 

31(2): 175-178 

通过对南通段古河谷典型钻孔及剖面沉 

积物颗粒、微体生物化石、 14 C 测年等的分 

析 , 对末次盛冰期以来的沉积地层进行了 

划分。该段古河谷末次冰期以来的地层 , 

基本上反映了河床相 - 河漫滩相 - 浅海相 - 三 

角洲相的冰后期海侵沉积旋回。现代河床 

的底部 , 浅海相淤泥质亚黏土层已被侵蚀 

掉 , 沉积的是现代河床相砂层。 

2008020587 

新近纪海相生物地层事件年龄新编 = New 

ages for Neogene marine biostratigraphic 

events. ( 中文 ). 李前裕 ;Lucas Lourens; 汪品先 . 

地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 197-208 

介绍新近纪海相生物地层研究的新进 

展 .2004 年新的 " 国际地质年代表 " 以 405ka 

偏心率长周期为基础来划分新近纪的主要 

地层界线 , 标志着轨道地层学时代的到来 . 新 

生代包括 E1-E162 偏心率长周期 , 底界的年 

龄为 65.5±0.3Ma, 其中新近纪有 E1-E58 周 

期 , 底界年龄为 23.03Ma, 并且根据天文调谐 

得出一系列新的古地磁年龄和生物事件年 

龄 . 由于这些新年龄 , 特别是接近新近纪底部 

的年龄与早期结果相差 0.5Ma 或更大 , 所以 

将其汇总介绍 , 以求与当前国际研究保持同 

步衔接 , 增强海洋新近纪高分辨率地层工作 

的准确性 . 

2008020588 

东营凹陷牛 38 井沙三段高分辨率旋回地层 

研究 = High resolution cyclostratigraphic 

study on the third member of Shahejie Formation 

of drill core Niu38 in the Dongying Depression,Shandong 

Province. ( 中文 ). 姚益民 ; 

徐道一 ; 李保利 ; 张海峰 ; 张守鹏 ; 姚盛 . 地层学 

杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 229-239 

自然伽玛测井资料取自山东省东营市胜 

利油田的牛 38 井 . 该井的沙河街组划分为四 

个段 , 其中沙三段依据含艾氏鱼群组合的鲱 

科化石和沉积物旋回堆积速率 (AR) 等研究 , 

可与北美始新统绿河组进行对比 . 根据上世 

纪 90 年代沙三段古地磁研究结果 , 井深 3 

263m 处 C18n.1n/C18n.1r 界线调整为 

38.975MaBP. 通过频谱分析和数字滤波计算 , 

得出了沙三段几个界线的年龄值 , 其中 , 在沙 

170

三下、中亚段界线算出的 36.9MaBP, 岁差 

旋回幅度有明显变化 , 这一变化与 

Palike(Palike et al.,2001) 在 ODP 71 线 1052 

孔中发现的类似图像 (36.7Ma) 可比较 . 

2008020589 

匼河遗址 6054 地点黄土 - 古土壤剖面磁性 

地层学的年代研究 = Magnetostratigraphic 

age of Pleistocene loess/ paleosol sections at 

Kehe, Shanxi. ( 中文 ). 刘平 ;Reidar Lovlie. 地 

层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 240-246 

发现于 1957 年的匼河文化遗址的年代 

一直存在较大的争议。近四十年来 , 考古学 

和地学工作者虽然从化石、地层等多方面 

研究 , 但仍未得出令人信服的可靠结论。受 

许家窑遗址及小长梁遗址的最新磁性地层 

学研究结果的启示 , 过去两年对山西南部匼 

河遗址从磁性地层学的角度进行了深入、 

系统的研究 , 研究发现匼河遗址剖面的磁化 

率曲线呈顶部高 , 中间 2.5m 到 13m 处较宽 

阔的低值带 , 具有华北黄土高原黄土 L9 的 

特征 , 底部又呈高值的分布趋势 , 这种磁化率 

的分布关系与洛川标准剖面的 S 7 -S 12 有较 

好的对应关系 , 从而得出文化层以上地层剖 

面的年代范围为 0.7-1.02Ma, 由此可推算位 

于底部磁化率高值带以下的文化层的年代 

至少早于 1.02Ma, 完全不同于匼河文化遗址 

0.247Ma 的现行认识 , 而与苏朴、朱日祥等 

人对许家窑、小长梁遗址 , 马圈沟遗址年代 

的最新认识趋向一致。 

2008020590 

黑龙江鸡东盆地中中新世湖盆演变和植被 

变化研究 = Lake and vegetation history in the 

Middle Miocene Jidong Basin, Heilongjiang 

Province, NE China. ( 中文 ). 舒军武 ; 王伟铭 ; 

尹德顺 ; 王金山 . 地层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 

247-254 

黑龙江鸡东盆地是受古、新近纪敦密断 

裂带作用而形成的断陷含煤盆地。依据该 

盆地 91-205 钻孔永庆组的岩性变化特点和 

盆地构造演化阶段 , 识别和阐述了中中新 

世湖盆发育的 3 个阶段 , 即早期湖泊形成发 

展阶段、中期湖泊扩张最大阶段和晚期湖 

泊收缩衰退阶段 , 并揭示湖泊阶段性发展 

的旋回性特征。根据孢粉资料 , 恢复湖盆 

各个不同发育阶段的古植被面貌 , 重建当 

时的古气候。结果表明植被经历了北亚热 

带含常绿阔叶成分的落叶阔叶林、暖温带 - 

北亚热带落叶阔叶林以及含亚高山针叶树 

种的暖温带 - 北亚热带落叶阔叶林阶段 , 鸡 

东盆地中中新世湖泊的演变和植被更替存 

在着潜在的关联。 

2008020591 

非补偿陆相断陷盆地层序地层学研究 — 以 

廊固凹陷古近系为例 = Sequence stratigraphy 

of non-compensated,fault-controlled lake 

basins: a case study of the Paleogene system 

in the Langgu Depression. ( 中文 ). 宋荣彩 ; 张 

哨楠 ; 董树义 ; 周文 ; 付恒 ; 任文博 ; 张建锋 . 地 

层学杂志 , 2007, 31(3): 255-260 

非补偿沉积表现为无明显的沉积间断面 , 

单层暗色泥岩厚度大 , 分布范围广 , 沉积剖面 

以退积为特点 . 通过对廊固凹陷古近系基底 

地层、物源体系的研究 , 结合沉积物组合特 

点、沉积剖面序列和构造发育阶段特征 , 分 

析了非补偿沉积盆地的层序发育样式 , 总结 

了非补偿盆地层序边界发育特征 , 建立了层 

序地层格架 , 共划分了 1 个一级层序、3 个 

二级层序、11 个三级层序 . 研究了不同沉 

积、构造背景下各层序组内体系域的样式 , 

将一个完整的层序划分为湖泊充填体系 

域、湖泊扩张体系域、湖泊稳定体系域及 

湖泊萎缩体系域 ( 下降体系域 ) 等 4 个阶段 , 

使体系域的叠加与层序的演化相关联 . 建立 

了非补偿型陆相盆地有利体系域沉积模式 , 

认为物源的演替是其主控因素 , 复杂的断裂 

系统仅是一种控制沉积作用的一种表象 . 

2008020592 

欧亚大陆东部新近纪气候与生物群变化 — 

序言 = Neogene climatic and biotic changes 

in eastern Eurasia: preface. ( 英文 ). Caroline A 

E Stromberg; 张兆群 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 

45(2): 93-97 

欧亚大陆东部新近纪对于全面认识现代 

全球气候与生物群的形成过程起到重要的 

作用。最近的研究表明 , 该地区在整个新 

生代不仅是动植物发源地 , 而且也是周围 

大陆之间的生物地理通道。有科学家提出 

在上新世 / 更新世期间该地区也可能是人 

类演化的中心。新近纪青藏高原的隆升深 

刻地影响了全球气温与降雨的分布格局 , 

导致了亚洲季风的形成与加剧以及中亚干 

旱化。这些气候的变化推动了草原植被及 

相关生物群在欧亚大陆的扩展 , 以及晚中 

新世 C4 植物的生态扩张。最近几十年来 , 

越来越多的科学家致力于对上述问题的研 

究。古生物学家们研究或修订了自 20 世纪 

早期以来发现的大量动植物化石并逐步纳 

入到数据库中 , 如 NOW( 欧亚大陆新近纪 

171

数据库 )。新的发现不断填补着空间、时 

间以及分类上的空白。 

2008020593 

内蒙古中部通古尔台地及周边地区古地磁 

及磁性地层的最新研究 = Recent palaeomagnetic 

and magnetostratigraphic investigations 

on and around the Tunggur tableland,central 

Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia). 

( 中文 ). 约瑟夫 C. 李迪科 ; 王晓鸣 ; 邱铸鼎 ; 李 

强 . 古脊椎动物学报 , 2007, 45(2): 110-117 

通古尔 (Tunggur) 台地作为 20 世纪 20- 

30 年代美国自然历史博物馆第三中亚考察 

团研究过的一个经典的脊椎动物化石地点 , 

在亚洲晚新生代陆相哺乳动物学和生物年 

代学研究中扮演着重要的角色 .20 世纪 90 

年代中期以来 , 在通古尔地区开展了大量的 

野外工作 , 发现了数个以小型哺乳动物为主 

的动物群 , 建立了从早中新世至上新世哺乳 

动物演化序列的框架 . 这一框架有可能成为 

东亚新近纪陆相哺乳动物群对比的标尺 . 通 

古尔地区动物群的演替 , 对于深入认识这一 

地区古环境和动物地理的分化也十分重要 . 

2005 年 8 月的野外工作 , 主要在通古尔 

台地的两个地点 -- 奥尔班和阿勒特希热进行 , 

目的是寻找新生代中晚期的脊椎动物化石 

和根据古地磁极性年代标尺确定化石的时 

代 . 最厚的古地磁采样剖面在奥尔班 

(Aoerban,43°20′21.6″N,113°54′48.6″E). 取样 

点起自 43°20′36.4″N,113°54′48.6″E, 终于 

43°20′52.7″N,113°54′23.1″E. 测试结果显示 , 

剖面上 50m 的粘土岩、粉砂岩和细砂岩的 

互层 , 除近底部 5 m 厚的褐棕色粘土岩外均 

为负极性时 . 负极性段大致可与国际标准古 

地磁柱的 5Dr 或 6r 对比 , 相当于 18-20 Ma. 

该剖面上同时进行了小哺乳动物化石的采 

集 ; 据初步鉴定 , 化石组合包括了晚渐新世和 

大量早中新世的成员 . 因此 , 奥尔班动物群极 

有可能代表内蒙古中部地区新近纪哺乳动 

物群序列中时代最早的一个新成员 . 

阿勒特希热 (Aletexire, 43°47′21.6″N, 

113°05′25.0″E) 采样剖面始于 43°47′53.6″N, 

113°04′51.1″E, 终于 43°47′52.9″N, 

113°04′42.2″E. 剖面厚约 13 m, 以粉砂岩和 

细砂岩为主 , 含有与推饶木动物群相同的成 

员 . 测试结果显示 , 整个剖面记录为正极性时 . 

这便与王晓鸣等于 2003 年把阿勒特希热剖 

面古地磁测试的结果与默尔根剖面的对比 

产生了一些矛盾 . 原因可能是阿勒特希热的 

采样间隔过大 , 或两剖面根本就不是同一时 

代的产物 . 同样的问题似乎也出现在与推饶 

木剖面的对比上 . 看来有必要对这一地区的 

古地磁测试作更深入的工作 . 

2008020594 

中欧最后间冰期的气候波动周期 = Cyclic 

climate fluctuations during the last interglacial 

in central Europe. ( 英文 ). Müller U C; Klotz S; 

Geyh MA; Pross J; Bond G C. Geology, 2005, 

33(6): 449-452 

Differentiating natural climate change 

from anthropogenic forcing is a major challenge 

in the prediction of future climates. In 

this context, the investigation of interglacials 

provides valuable information on natural climate 

variability during periods that resemble 

the present. This paper shows that natural cyclic 

changes in winter climates affected central 

European environments during the last interglacial, 

i.e., the Eemian, 126–110 ka. As a 

result of the extraordinarily high counting 

sums performed at Eemian pollen samples, it 

was possible to reveal a robust presence– 

absence pattern of the insect-pollinated, and 

therefore in the pollen rain underrepresented, 

taxon Hedera. This plant is known to require 

the influence of oceanic winter climates, i.e., 

moist and mild, in northwest and central 

Europe. By analogy with recent findings from 

the North Atlantic's Holocene interglacial, the 

trigger of the Eemian climate variability may 

have been changes in solar activity, possibly 

amplified by changes in North Atlantic ocean 

currents and/or in the North Atlantic Oscillation. 

Our findings suggest natural cyclic 

changes to be a persistent feature of interglacial 

climates. 

2008020595 

西藏改则西北部喀湖错把拉湖区 13kaBP 

以来的湖泊沉积与环境演化 = Lake deposits 

and environmental evolution of the Bala lake 

area, Kahu Co, northwestern Gerze, Tibet, 

China, since 13 kaBP. ( 中文 ). 牟世勇 ; 贺永忠 ; 

朱勋 ; 易成兴 ; 徐安全 ; 赵伟立 . 地质通 

报 , 2007, 26(1): 94-99 

通过对藏北喀湖错把拉湖区湖积剖面的 

研究 , 建立了该区 13kaBP 以来的沉积序 

列 , 并将 13kaBP 以来的气候划分为 2 个干 

冷期和 2 个湿润期。其中 2 个湿润期和第 

二旋回的干冷期可分别与北半球第一、二 

新高温期和第二新冰期大致对比 , 基本反 

映了末次冰消期以来全球气候变化的一般 

规律 , 青藏高原腹地对于全球气候变化的 

响应是比较敏锐的。 

172

2008020596 

柴达木盆地西北部红三旱地区始新世 - 渐新 

世砂岩物源分析 = Provenance analysis of 

Eocene-Oligocene sandstones in the Hongsanhaq 

area, northwestern Qaidam basin, 

Qinghai, China. ( 中文 ). 刘欢 ; 刘永江 ; 袁四化 ; 

计桂霞 ; 李伟民 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(1): 100- 

107 

柴达木盆地西部红三旱一号三高点上、 

下干柴沟组砂岩的骨架矿物成分的模式分 

析显示 , 始新统 - 渐新统砂岩的源区主要为 

再旋回造山带。根据古水流推断物源区主 

要为阿尔金山。结合上、下干柴沟组砂岩 

成分模式分析的标准偏差对比和骨架矿物 

成分平均含量的变化特征 , 认为渐新世时 

( 上干柴沟组 ) 阿尔金山存在一期隆升事 

件。 

2008020597 

地层记录中的古气候信息及其与烃源岩发 

育的相关性 — 以渤海黄河口凹陷古近系为 

例 = Paleoclimatic information in stratigraphic 

records and its relation to the formation of 

hydrocarbon source rocks-A case study of the 

Paleogene strata in the Huanghekou subbasin 

of the Bohai Bay basin, China. ( 中文 ). 刘占红 ; 

李思田 ; 辛仁臣 ; 徐长贵 ; 程建春 . 地质通 

报 , 2007, 26(7): 830-840 

近年来的研究表明 , 凹陷中优质烃源岩的 

形成决定于有利的古气候和古湖盆环境 , 并 

受控于断陷期快速沉降的构造背景。着重 

论述了古气候条件对烃源岩发育的控制作 

用。根据渤海海域黄河口凹陷典型钻井样 

品中的孢粉、藻类等古生物资料 , 并结合岩 

相特征 , 对该地区古近纪各时期的古气候、 

古环境特征进行了恢复 , 本区古近纪共存在 

4 个气候湿热、古湖盆水体发育的时期。另 

外通过与烃源岩发育特征的对比 , 发现各湿 

热的古气候时期均与优质烃源岩的发育情 

况有很好的对应关系 , 说明温暖、湿润的古 

气候条件对烃源岩的发育具有重要的控制 

作用 . 最后对气候影响烃源岩形成和保存的 

机理进行了分析。 

2008020598 

西藏札达盆地上新统古格组和托林组的厘 

定与层序地层划分 = Definition of the Pliocene 

Guge and Toling formations and sequence 

stratigraphic division in the Zanda basin, 

Tibet, China. ( 中文 ). 朱大岗 ; 孟宪刚 ; 邵 

兆刚 ; 杨朝斌 ; 韩建恩 ; 余佳 ; 雷伟志 ; 孟庆伟 ; 吕 

荣平 . 地质通报 , 2007, 26(8): 984-995 

根据札达盆地剖面中地层的接触关系、 

沉积旋回、沉积体系和岩相岩性特征 , 可将 

上新统河湖相地层划分为 2 个组、5 个沉积 

相、8 个岩段。古格组 (N 2 2g) 一岩段为砾岩 , 

属河流相沉积 ; 二、三、五岩段以细碎屑岩 

为主 , 属浅湖相沉积 ; 四岩段以含粘土质细碎 

屑岩为主 , 属深湖相沉积。托林组 (N 2 1 t) 一、 

二、三岩段为一套砾岩、含砾中粗粒钙质 

长石岩屑砂岩和中细粒砂岩的碎屑岩 , 为典 

型冲 ( 洪 ) 积扇沉积物。ESR 法和古地磁法测 

年结果表明 , 古格组形成时代为上新世晚期 

(4.40~2.47 Ma); 托林组形成时代为上新世 

早期 (5.44~4.40 Ma)。札达盆地为一同生断 

陷盆地 , 在上新世时期的构造运动过程中 , 盆 

地演化经历了水进体系域 — 湖泊扩张体系 

域 — 湖泊收缩体系域 3 个发展阶段。 

2008020599 

华南北部海表面温度变化的幅度和时间跨 

度 : 与东亚季风关联的动力 = Amplitude 

and timing of sea-surface temperature change 

in the northern South China Sea: Dynamic 

link to the East Asian monsoon. ( 英文 ). Oppo 

D W; Sun Youbin. Geology, 2005, 33(9): 785- 

788 

Magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios of foraminiferal 

shells from a sediment core from 

the northern South China Sea, a semi-enclosed 

basin in the western tropical Pacific, document 

variations in sea-surface temperature (SST) 

during the past 145 k.y. Glacial SSTs were 4 

°C colder than interglacial SSTs. During the 

last deglaciation, most of the warming was 

accomplished in a single abrupt step after continental 

ice-sheet decay had already begun, but 

warming and ice-sheet demise were nearly 

synchronous during the penultimate deglaciation. 

Abrupt SST changes of the past 15 k.y. 

were apparently synchronous with events in 

East Asian monsoon rainfall, suggesting that 

variations in monsoon winds and their influence 

on surface circulation of the western Pacific 

exerted a strong control on northern 

South China Sea SSTs. We suggest that this 

link persisted for the previous 130 k.y., during 

which time orbital-scale 2–3 °C SST changes 

and several small ( 2 °C) abrupt SST events 

occurred in the northern South China Sea. The 

similar timing of northern South China Sea 

SST, on a benthic 18 O time scale, to a welldated 

speleothem record from eastern China 

suggests that the demise of ice sheets associated 

with the penultimate deglaciation did not 

precede Northern Hemisphere summer insolation 

increase. Our results suggest that surface 

173

waters had higher 18 O values during times of 

strong summer monsoon than during times of 

weak monsoon, likely reflecting a redistribution 

of 18 O-depleted rainfall from land during 

times of strong summer monsoons, to the 

western Pacific during times of weaker summer 

monsoons. 

2008020600 

美国宾夕法尼亚热带雨林与冰川 - 间冰川周 

期性相对应 = Pennsylvanian tropical rain 

forests responded to glacial-interglacial 

rhythms. ( 英文 ). Falcon-Lang H J. Geology, 

2004, 32(8): 689-692 

Pennsylvanian tropical rain forests flourished 

during an icehouse climate mode. Although 

it is well established that Milankovitch-band 

glacial-interglacial rhythms 

caused marked synchronous changes in Pennsylvanian 

tropical climate and sea level, little 

is known of vegetation response to orbital 

forcing. This knowledge gap has now been 

addressed through sequence- stratigraphic 

analysis of megafloral and palynofloral assemblages 

within the Westphalian D– 

Cantabrian Sydney Mines Formation of eastern 

Canada. This succession was deposited in 

a low- accommodation setting where sequences 

can be attributed confidently to glacio 

eustasy. Results show that long-lived, lowdiversity 

peat mires dominated by lycopsids 

were initiated during deglaciation events, but 

were mostly drowned by rising sea level at 

maximum interglacial conditions. Only upland 

coniferopsid forests survived flooding without 

significant disturbance. Mid- to late interglacial 

phases witnessed delta-plain progradation 

and establishment of high-diversity, mineralsubstrate 

rain forests containing lycopsids, 

sphenopsids, pteridosperms, cordaites, and 

tree ferns. Renewed glaciation resulted in sealevel 

fall, paleovalley incision, and the onset 

of climatic aridity. Glacial vegetation was 

dominated by cordaites, pteridosperms, and 

tree ferns; hydrophilic lycopsids and sphenopsids 

survived in paleovalley refugia. Findings 

clearly demonstrate the dynamic nature of 

Pennsylvanian tropical ecosystems and are 

timely given current debates about the impact 

of Quaternary glacial-interglacial rhythms on 

the biogeography of tropical rain forest. 

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