Architect 2014-02.pdf

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22 FRONT ARCHITECT THE AIA MAGAZINE FEBRUARY 2014 EXPAND AND DELIVER THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART BUILDING THAT DILLER SCOFIDIO + RENFRO SET OUT TO SAVE WASN’T THE ONE DESIGNED BY TOD WILLIAMS AND BILLIE TSIEN. NEITHER THOUSANDS OF PETITION SIGNATURES nor dozens of angry architects could dissuade the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) from deciding to raze the short-lived American Folk Art Museum building, designed by New York’s Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects and opened just 13 years ago. Diller Scofidio + Renfro dashed any hopes for saving the beloved but awkward building (hopes that the firm itself stoked last May) when it revealed its plans for a new MoMA expansion last month. It is certainly within MoMA’s ability to preserve the Folk Art building. After all, tentative expansion plans dreamed up before the museum acquired the townhouse-style gem in 2011 accounted for it staying. Earlier MoMA expansions and additions have radically altered the original 1939 building at 11 West 53rd Street designed by Philip Goodwin and Edward Durell Stone, but there it remains. Preserving the Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects–designed building is now out of reach. The early renderings released by New York’s Diller Scofidio + Renfro show the firm grappling with the last expansion—designed by Japanese architect Yoshio Taniguchi, with Kohn Pedersen Fox in 2004—not with Williams and Tsien’s building. To that end, Diller Scofidio + Renfro’s scheme replaces the Folk Art Museum building with two new programming spaces: the so-called Art Bay, a glass-cube garage with a liftable glass façade that opens to the street, as well as a Gray Box for performances. These spaces would redress the mostly linear, hierarchical galleries of Taniguchi’s addition. Other changes include a new entrance planned in part to improve visitor circulation, which is a perennial problem for the museum. Whether opening up the museum for 21st-century art while fixing traffic flow is now the standing question—even if it is not the one for which Diller Scofidio + Renfro will be judged. KRISTON CAPPS GROWTH AT AT MOMA, MoMA, TWO TWO WAYS WAYS 150,000 square feet 100,000 50,000 Heckscher Building Rented 12th-floor space at 730 Fifth Avenue 11 W. 53rd Street townhouse Five-story townhouse leased from John D. Rockefeller Jr. International Style Building Designed by Philip L. Goodwin and Edward Durell Stone at 11 W. 53rd Street MoMA GALLERY SPACE in square feet Expansion and East Wing Philip Johnson’s renovation of 11 W. 53rd Street adds an East Wing and new galleries 79,500 Next MoMA Diller Scofidio + Renfro have yet to release their full plans Expansion and West Wing Designed by César Pelli, the West Wing replaces a 1951 annex designed by Johnson 100,000 150,000+ objects Modern MoMA Yoshio Taniguchi’s expansion is the one visitors see today → 0 9 26 2,600 20,000 ARTWORKS IN THE PERMANENT COLLECTION 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 → NICOLAS RAPP
23 D THREE VIEWS ON ON MOMA MoMA “The only truly positive aspect of the new plan is on 54th Street, well away from the location of the Folk Art Museum: a wide, transparent, public entrance to the sculpture garden.” —Alexandra Lange “MoMA has built and destroyed so much of itself. If you look at the property they’ve owned on that block, and how it’s been treated, you can’t help but come away with a feeling of lost opportunity. We’re now looking at an institution wedged into and around skyscraper development projects it might have controlled.” —Mark Lamster MoMA 2020 St. Thomas Episcopal Church 5TH AVE “DS+R should have resigned from the job once it became clear there was no way—politically or practically— to save the Folk Art building. Architects don’t say ‘no’ nearly often enough—sometimes I think it’s just not in their DNA. Doing so in this case would have sent a powerful message—about preservation, the importance of architecture, and support for one’s colleagues.” —Christopher Hawthorne 588 ft. Museum Tower Pelli’s 1984 condominium tower at 15 W. 53rd Street. The 52-story tower includes six floors of museum program and 240 residential units. 54TH STREET Former American Folk Art Museum Building The building at 45 W. 53rd Street and its striking façade will make way for the expansion planned by Diller Scofidio + Renfro. Sculpture Garden Designed by Johnson and dedicated in 1953. 1,050 ft. Proposed Additional MoMA Entrance This entrance would open the Sculpture Garden to the public. DRAWING IS SCHEMATIC. SOURCES: THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART; SLCE ARCHITECTS; NYC DEPARTMENT OF CITY PLANNING; JEAN NOUVEL ATELIERS. Tower Verre The Jean Nouveldesigned luxury condominium tower was proposed for 53 W. 53rd Street after MoMA sold the lot to the developer Hines in 2007. 6TH AVE Museum Expansion in Tower Verre The plan for the tower’s base will add 40,000 square feet to the museum. MoMA’S MOMA’S MOVES MOVES 1929 MoMA opens in rented space on the corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street. 1932 MoMA moves to its 53rd Street base. 6TH AVE 6TH AVE 6TH AVE 6TH AVE W. 54TH STREET W. 53RD STREET 1939 The museum expands with the Goodwin/ Stone building. 1951 An annex designed by Philip Johnson opens at 21 West 53 Street. 1953 The Sculpture Garden opens. W. 54TH STREET W. 53RD STREET 1964 Johnson gives MoMA an East Wing for its 35th birthday. W. 54TH STREET W. 53RD STREET 1984 The 1951 annex is razed in 1979, making way for the West Wing expansion by Pelli. 1996 Acquisitions on 53rd and 54th Streets, including the Dorset Hotel, facilitate future growth. 2002 The museum closes at 11 W. 53rd Street and moves into a temporary space in Queens: MoMA P.S.1. W. 54TH STREET W. 53RD STREET 2004 The new MoMA opens. 2011 MoMA buys the former American Folk Art Museum building. 2019 Tentative date for the next expansion to open. 5TH AVE 5TH AVE 5TH AVE 5TH AVE ARCHITECT FEBRUARY 2014 WWW.ARCHITECTMAGAZINE.COM Existing museum building Most recent designed in 2004 by Yoshio Taniguchi.
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