SUFFiciENcy EcONOMy ANd GRASSROOtS DEvElOPMENt

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320 The Meaning of Sufficiency Economy International Conference Activity Problems/Constraint Suggested Corrective Actio Dairy Farming Feed/Fodder, Table animal 1(Source: health Shekhar, Provision 2007) of health-care facilities Papad-making Availability of finance, Credit provision through rural banks, Activity Problems/Constraint Suggested Corrective Actio marketing facilities SHGs and thrift groups, collective Dairy Farming Feed/Fodder, animal health Provision of health-care facilities marketing through co-operatives Papad-making Mushroom cultivation Bee-keeping Mushroom cultivation Quilt-making Bee-keeping Availability of finance, marketing Credit provision through rural banks, Technical guidance and Provision of training and developing facilities SHGs and thrift groups, collective marketing facilities marketing marketing through co-operatives Technical guidance and Provision of training and developing Technical guidance and marketing Provision of training and developing marketing facilities marketing marketing Inadequate payment by Ensure timely and adequate payment, Technical guidance and marketing Provision of training and developing contractors, health facilities problems provision of marketing health care Petty Quilt-making business Availability Inadequate payment of finance by contractors, Credit Ensure provision timely through and adequate rural banks, payment, health problems provision of health care development of SHGs and thrift groups Petty business Availability of finance Credit provision through rural banks, development of SHGs and thrift groups Table 1(Source: Shekhar, 2007) This study This will study be focused will be upon focused the following upon the factors following (Fig 2) factors which are (Fig mainly 2) which responsible are mainly for responsible the migration for of the local migration peoples to of other local area peoples for the to livelihood. other area for the livelihood. Less employment opportunities Fig. 2: Factors Responsible for Migration of Village Males Less credit facilities Lack of skills Migration to other places Less basic infrastructure facilities as education Fig. 2: Factors Responsible for Migration of Village Males
The Meaning of Sufficiency Economy International Conference 321 Sufficiency Practices in Uttarakhand Bisht (2006) found that in order to provide employment and raise socioeconomic standards of local and poor people, Uttarakhand state has to sustain its forestry and ecological areas. Uttarakhand is known for its natural beauty, it have many places as world heritage. It is the first state which formed Tourism Development Board by legislation. Many policies have been introduced to develop agriculture and agriculture base system for making the path to the growth. Government is promoting organic farming in the state and promoting Uttarakhnd as a organic state. Government providing seeds to the farmers which are suitable for the hill agriculture and which are also good in the yield. There are enormous opportunities lies in the state as the multi-cropping system combined with animal husbandry through cattle rearing, poultry, fishing, bee keeping, etc (Shekhar, 2007). The processing of fruits and vegetables, vocational training for youths, and banking and insurance in the service sector can provide livelihood security and support. Development of all these areas along with infrastructure development and better education facilities can be a direction for sustainable development of the hill regions for better quality of life to the inhabitants and to help halt migration from villages. Agricultural productivity and movement from a traditional to a modern system are crucial for growth and development of the state and districts Following practices has been adopted by the people and government of Uttarakhand to develop a sufficiency economy. 1) Joint Forest Management Program (JFM) Uttarakhand is known for its bio diversity and natural habitats, so the government is very keen to preserve it. For this, government developed Joint forest management program. JFM is a concept for protecting and developing forest by the partnership between fringe forest user groups and forest department on the basis of mutual role and responsibilities. The root objective is to protect forest with the help of peoples. This concept is emerging as a sustainable forestry in the forest regime, which includes adaptation to the changes in the need and want of the people and their capabilities to protect the forest, as they are closely related to the forest. JFM includes rehabilitation of degraded forest areas with the help of forest committees and peoples organizations. It also provides a source of livelihood to the local peoples. Many approaches have been integrated in the JFM like: a) Village resource development b) Micro-watershed development c) water and soil conservation d) Rural infrastructure development
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SUFFiciENcy EcONOMy ANd GRASSROOtS DEvElOPMENt

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