Pitfalls and Pipelines - Philippine Indigenous Peoples Links

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306 Pitfalls and Pipelines: Indigenous Peoples and Extractive Industries SRIPeoplesIndex.aspx; http://unsr.jamesanaya.org/; IWGIA: The Special Rapporteur, Experiences and Challenges, 2007 - http://www. iwgia.org/iwgia_files_publications_files/UN_Special_Rapporteur.pdf. To contact the Special Rapporteur email: indigenous@ohchr.org. 7 United Nations Voluntary Fund for Indigenous Populations - http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/IPeoples/IPeoplesFund/Pages/ IPeoplesFundIndex.aspx. 8 UN Human Rights Bodies – http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/ Pages/HumanRightsBodies.aspx; “A good resource for the whole of the UN Human Rights system is the United Nations publication Working with the United Nations Human Rights Programme: A Handbook for Civil Society.” 2008 - http://www.ohchr.org/EN/AboutUs/CivilSociety/ Pages/Handbook.aspx. 9 UN Human Rights Council - http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/ HRC/Pages/HRCIndex.aspx. 10 UN Universal Periodic Review – http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/ UPR/Pages/UPRMain.aspx; FIDH, 2009, “The Universal Periodic Review Handbook.” 6 August - http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/UPR_ HANDBOOK.pdf. 11 UN Special Procedures - http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/SP/ Pages/Themes.aspx. 12 UN Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises - http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Business/Pages/ WGHRandtransnationalcorporationsandotherbusiness.aspx. 13 The full list of Treaty bodies is: Human Rights Committee (CCPR), Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR), Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD), Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), Committee against Torture (CAT), Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture (SPT), Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Committee on Migrant Workers (CMW), Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), Committee on Enforced Disappearances (CED). 14 CESCR Concluding Observations on Ecuador, 32nd session, 26 April– 14 May 2004, E/C.12/1/Add.100, paras 12 and 35; CESCR Concluding Observations on Colombia, 27th session, 12–30 November 2001, E/C.12/1/Add.74, paras 12 and 33, quoted in C. Doyle, 2011, “The Requirement to Obtain FPIC: Natural Evolution or Groundbreaking Development?” Reflections on the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Oxford, p. 7. 15 Human Rights Committee, Poma Poma v Peru (n 55) Paras 7.6 and 7.4. 16 CERD, General Comment XXIII (n 30). See also CERD, Concluding Observations on Ecuador, 2003, CERD/C/62/CO/2: ‘as to the exploita-
Chapter 2.7: International Processes and Complaints Mechanisms 307 tion of subsoil resources located subjacent to the traditional lands of indigenous communities the Committee observes that mere consultation of these communities prior to exploitation falls short of meeting the requirements set out in General Comment XXIII on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The Committee therefore recommends that the prior informed consent of these communities be sought’, quoted in C. Doyle, 2011, “The Requirement to Obtain FPIC: Natural Evolution or Groundbreaking Development?” Reflections on the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Oxford, p. 7. 17 http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/early-warning.htm; recommendations with regard to transnational corporations have been made to Canada, Norway, United States of America & United Kingdom – see for example, Concluding observations to Canada, CERD/C/CAN/CO/18 25 May 2007, para 17. 18 International Indian Treaty Council, 2008, “Consolidated Indigenous Shadow Report to UNCERD.” 8 February. 19 Update to CERD on Early Warning/Urgent Action 1(68) & Concluding Observations 6 (72) (U.S.), August 2008, http://www.wsdp. org/uploads/5/3/9/0/5390400/aug_2009_cerd_update.pdf. 20 ILO Convention 107 - http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/convdisp1. htm. 21 G. Bennett, n.d. “Aboriginal Rights in International Law.” Occasional Paper No. 37, 1978, Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London. 22 ILO Convention 169 – http://www.ilo.org/indigenous/Conventions/ no169/lang—en/index.htm; See also the training tool box on Convention 169 at http://pro169.org/. 23 ILO Convention 169 (1989) Art 6. Art 15 requires consultation in the context of exploration or exploitation of subsoil resources. 24 Article 6 which deals with this issue, except in the case of voluntary displacement, only talks about the duty to consultation, as opposed to consent. Although it talks about consultation with a view to agreement, which implies some consent, it is still viewed as weaker than Article 32 of the UN Declaration. 25 At the time of writing, the Convention has been ratified by a total of 20 states, the majority Latin American. Today the list of ratifications of the Convention is composed of the following countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Central African Republic, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, Fiji, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, and Venezuela. 26 ILO, 2007, “Eliminating discrimination against indigenous and tribal peoples in employment and occupation: A guide to ILO Convention No. 111.” http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---
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