FLOOD REGIME OF RIVERS IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN

Regional cooperation of Danube Countries
within the framework of UNESCO International Hydrological Program
National Committee of the Slovak Republic for IHP
Berg
Regensburg
Achleiten
Krems
Linz
Wien
Bratislava
Nagymaros
Danube
Reni Ceatal
Mohac
Bogojevo
Pancevo
Orsova
REPORT December 2009
on activities of the Project No. 9
FLOOD REGIME OF RIVERS
IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN
Phase I.
Objective O1 - Average daily discharge
and annual peak discharge series collection

FLOOD REGIME OF RIVERS
IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN
Phase I.
Objective O1 - Average daily discharge
and annual peak discharge series collection
REPORT
Prepared by
RNDr. Pavla Pekárová, CSc.
RNDr. Pavol Miklánek, CSc.
Ing. Dana Halmová, CSc.
Institute of Hydrology SAS
Bratislava, 2009
1

Final version was prepared in the Institute of Hydrology, SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia
This report was supported by the Slovak Academy of Sciences through MVTS grant
30 pcs with CD ROM
2

Project 9: Flood regime of rivers in the Danube River basin
Members of the Steering Committee
Dipl.Geogr. Jürg Belz
Dr. Eva Soukalová
Dr. Pavla Pekárová, chair person
Dr. Gábor Bálint
Prof. Stevan Prohaska
Dr. Olga Lukyanets
LIST OF NOMINATED EXPERTS (NE), AND COOPERATING SPECIALISTS (CS)
G e r m a n y, NE
Dipl.Geogr. Jürg Belz
Federal Institute of Hydrology, Department M1 - Hydrometry and Hydrological Survey, Am
Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz
E-mail belz@bafg.de
A u s t r i a
DI Philipp Stanzel
BOKU - Universitaet fuer Bodenkultur, Department für Wasser-Atmosphaere-Umwelt,
Institut fuer Wasserwirtschaft, Hydrologie und konstruktiven Wasserbau, Muthgasse 18, A-
1190 Wien
E-mail: philipp.stanzel@boku.ac.at
C z e c h R e p u b l i c, NE
Dr. Eva Soukalová, Ing. Hana Bortlová, Regional Office Brno, Czech Hydrometeorological
Institute Kroftova 43, CZ-616 67 Brno
E-mail: eva.soukalova@chmi.cz, bortlova@chmi.cz
S l o v a k i a, NE
RNDr. Pavla Pekárová, CSc., Institute of Hydrology, SAS, Racianska 75, 831 02 Bratislava
E-mail: pekarova@uh.savba.sk
CS
RNDr. Peter Škoda, SHMI, Bratislava
Doc. Ing. Kamila Hlavčová, PhD. STU, Bratislava
H u n g a r y, NE
Dr. Gábor Bálint, VITUKI Environmental Protection and Water Resources Research Institute,
Kvassay 1, H-1095 Budapest
E-mail: balint@vituki.hu
S l o v e n i a, NE
Dr. Mira Kobold, Dipl. Physicist
Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, Vojkova 1b, 1000 Ljubljana
E-mail: mira.kobold@gov.si
3

C r o a t i a, NE
Danko Biondič
Hrvatske vode, Ul. grada Vukovara 220, 10000 Zagreb l.
E-mail: dbiondic@voda.hr
Serbia, NE
Prof. Stevan Prohaska
Institute for Development of Water Resources "Jaroslav Cerni", Jaroslava Černog street 80,
P.O. Box 3354, 11226 Belgrade
E-mail: stevan.prohaska@jcerni.co.rs
Bosnia and Herzegovina, NE
Mrs. Esena Kupusovic, M.S.C.E.
Head Department of Hydrology, Federal Hydrometeorologica Institute, Bardakčije 12; 71 000
Sarajevo
E-mail: ekupusov@utic.net.ba
R o m a n i a, NE
Dr. Ileana Mares, National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Soseaua Bucuresti
– Ploiesti, nr 97, sector 1, Bucuresti
E-mail: ileana.mares@hidro.ro, ileana.mares@yahoo.com
B u l g a r i a, NE
Bernardo Lizama Rivas, National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, 66 Tsarigradsko
Chaussee, Sofia 1784
E-mail: bernardo.lizama@meteo.bg
U k r a i n e, NE, CS
Dr. Olga Lukyanets, Dr. Mikhail Sosedko, Ph.D., Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Research
Institute, Nauki Ave. 37, Kyiv 03028,
E-mail: sosedko_m@ukr.net, luko15_06@ukr.net
M o l d ov a, NE
Valeriu Cazac, Chairperson, IHP National Committee of the Republic of Moldova, State
Hydrometeorological Service, Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, 193 Grenoble str.,
MD-2043 Chisinau
E-mail: cazac@cni.md
4

FOREWORD
According to Directive 2007/60/EC of the European Parliament of 23 October
2007 on the assessment and management of flood risks (Directive, 2008), the
Member States shall among others to prepare description of the floods which
have occurred in the past and which had significant adverse impacts on human.
It is also needed to elaborate for each river basin district flood hazard maps
according to the following scenarios:
(a) floods with a low probability, or extreme event scenarios;
(b) floods with a medium probability (likely return period ≥ 100 years);
(c) floods with a high probability.
In large international river basins – such as the Danube – it is necessary to
synchronise the methodologies and to prepare common procedures. In the
framework of the International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO the
programme of the Regional co-operation of the Danube countries is running for
more than 40 years. Several projects were finalized within the collaboration. The
topic of floods was touched by several of them in last years:
• Project 4: Coincidence of flood flow of the Danube river and its tributaries
(Prohaska et al., 1999);
• Project 5.2: Flow regime of river Danube and its catchment (Belz et al.,
2004).
• Project 7: Regional analysis of the annual peak discharges in the Danube
catchment (Stănescu et al., 2004);
Project No 9 Flood regime of rivers in the Danube River basin started in June
2007 (http://www.ih.savba.sk/danubeflood).
This report on the project No. 9 Flood regime of rivers in the Danube River
basin, is internal report of the results of the objective I. Average daily
discharge and annual peak discharge series collection.
Data were submitted by members of the working group. According the decision
of the National representatives meeting, data are for internal use within the
project only.
5

Content
1 Average daily discharge and annual peak discharge series
collection ..............................................................................................7
1.1 List of selected rivers in the Danube basin ............................................. 8
1.2 Data structure........................................................................................ 11
1.2.1 Data directory ................................................................................................... 11
1.2.2 DataAnalysis directory ..................................................................................... 12
2 Appendix I – CD with data...........................................................17
6

1 Average daily discharge and annual peak discharge
series collection
As defined in the above Project proposal, it is assumed within the objective O1
(see Fig. 1) to create the database of mean daily discharges from selected
stations on the Danube river (about 24) with high quality and long data series, as
well as of other data series (up to 77) of relatively large and anthropogenically
uninfluenced rivers within the Danube basin. So far, stations from river basins of
46 Danube tributaries were processed. This represents data from 77 river
gauging stations on tributaries and 17 stations on the river Danube itself. All
available information have been collected on the base of the mean daily and
maximum daily discharge data, as enclosed in table 1.“List_of_rivers.xls”, on
the CD. It is an integral part of this report, with all data required within the 01
Objective.
O1: Average daily discharge and
annual peak discharge series collection
Phase I.
O2: Analysis of homogeneity
of annual time series
O3: Analysis of cyclicity and long-term
trends of annual series
O4: Analysis of intra-annual regime
changes - monthly series
O5: Development of relations between
values of NAO, AO, QBO and SO
indexes and discharge series
Phase II.
O6: Study of the structure of long-term
fluctuations of Qmax and the recurrence
of floods
O7: Flood frequency evaluation
for different seasons
Phase
III.
O8: Danube monograph follow-up volume preparation
Fig. 1. Flood regime of rivers in the Danube River basin project objective.
7

1.1 List of selected rivers in the Danube basin
Daily discharge Qd, monthly discharge Qm, yearly peak Qmax, Qa - annual discharge, V - annual volume, R - runoff depth
Stations and periods in red indicate missing data
REGION RIVER
PROFILE
COUN
TRY
AREA River km LAT LONG ALTITUD
E
DAILY DATA (Q d )
MONTHLY (Q m ) AND
YEARLY (Q y ) DATA
EXTREME DATA (Q max )
Q a V R
from to from to from to
[ km 2 ] [m.s.l.] [year] [year] [year] [year] [year] [year] [ m 3 /s ] 10 9 [ m 3 /y ] [ mm/y ]
D1 Danube Berg GE 4047 1929 2007 1929 2007 1930 2007 38.0 1.20 296
D2 Danube Ingolstadt GE 20001 2458 48.75 11.42 360 1924 2007 1924 2007 1947 2007 313.0 9.87 494
D3 Danube Regensburg-Schwabelweis GE 35399 2376 49.02 12.14 324 1923 2007 1923 2007 1924 2007 444.0 14.00 396
D4 Danube Pfelling GE 37687 48.88 12.75 308 1925 2007 1925 2007 1926 2007 468.8 14.78 392
D5 Danube Hofkirchen GE 47496 2257 48.68 13.12 300 1901 2007 1901 2007 1901 2007 640.0 20.18 425
D6 Danube Achleiten GE 76653 48.58 13.50 288 1901 2007 1901 2007 1901 2007 1428.0 45.03 587
D7 Danube Linz AT 79490 2135 48.31 14.30 248 1931 1990 1893 1990 1821 2002 1464.0 46.17 581
D8 Danube Stein-Krems (Kienstock) AT 96045 2003 48.38 15.46 194 1900 2003 1893 2003 1828 2006 1892.0 59.67 621
D9 Danube Wien-Nussdorf AT 101700 1934 48.25 16.30 156 1900 2006 1893 2006 1828 2006 1920.4 60.56 596
D10 Danube Devin/Bratislava SK 131338 1869 48.14 17.11 128 1876 2006 1876 2006 1876 2006 2050.0 64.65 492
D11 Danube Nagymaros HU 183534 1695 47.78 18.95 100 1893 2007 1893 2007 1893 2007 2336.0 73.67 401
D12 Danube Mohács HU 209064 1447 46.00 18.67 80 1930 2007 1930 2007 1930 2007 2354.0 74.24 355
D13 Danube Bezdan SR 210250 1426 45.85 18.87 81 1931 2007 1931 2007 1950 2007 2357.0 74.33 354
D14 Danube Bogojevo SR 251593 1367 45.53 19.08 77 1931 2007 1931 2007 1950 2007 2893.0 91.23 363
D15 Danube Pancevo SR 525009 1153 44.87 20.64 67 1931 2007 1931 2007 1946 2007 5320.0 167.77 320
D16 Danube Veliko Gradiste SR 570375 1060 44.80 21.40 62 1931 2007 1931 2007 n n 5560.0 175.34 307
D17 Danube Orsova-Turnu Severin RO 576232 955 44.70 22.42 44 1900 2005 1840 2005 n n 5602.0 176.66 307
Danube Lom BG 588860 743 43.84 23.24 23 1955 1990 1955 1990 1941 1990 5707.0 179.98 306
Danube Zimnicea RO 658400 554 43.63 25.36 16 1931 1990 1931 1990 n n 6007.0 189.44 288
Danube Ruse BG 669900 496 43.86 25.95 12 1964 1990 1964 1990 1941 1990 6190.0 195.21 291
Danube Silistra BG 689700 376 44.68 27.94 3 1955 1990 1955 1990 1941 1990 5998.0 189.15 274
Danube Vadu Oii-Hirsova RO 709100 252 44.68 27.94 - 1931 1990 1931 1990 n n - -
D18 Danube Reni UKR 811000 132 45.28 28.13 4 n n 1961 2007 1962 2007 6702.0 211.35 261
D19 Danube Ceatal Izmail RO 807000 72 45.22 28.73 1 1931 1990 1931 1990 1931 1990 6415.0 202.30 251
8

REGION RIVER PROFILE COUN AREA River LAT LONG ALTITUD DAILY DATA (Q d ) MONTHLY (Q m ) AND EXTREME DATA (Q max )
E
TRY km from to from to from to
Q a V R
[ km 2 ] [m.s.l.] [year] [year] [year] [year] [year] [year] [ m 3 /s ] 10 9 [ m 3 /y ] [ mm/y ]
1 Inn Oberaudorf GE 9712 - - - 1901 2007 1901 2007 1901 2007 354.0 11.16 1150
2 Inn Passau-Ingling GE 26084 - - - 1921 2007 1921 2007 1921 2007 740.0 23.34 895
3 Lech Landsberg GE 2295 - - - 1901 2007 1901 2007 1901 2007 83.0 2.62 1141
4 Regen Regenstauf GE 2658 - - - 1901 2007 1901 2007 1901 2007 38.0 1.20 451
5 Salzach Burghausen GE 6649 48.16 12.83 352 1901 2007 1901 2007 1901 2007 259.5 8.18 1231
6 Issar Plattling GE 8839 - - - 1926 2007 1926 2007 1926 2007 175.0 5.52 624
7 Enns Steyr AT 5915 48.04 14.43 284 1951 2005 1951 2005 1895 2007 200.2 6.31 1067
8 Traun Ebensee AT 1258 - - - 1951 2005 1951 2005 1951 2005 64.0 2.02 1604
9 Morava Kromeriz CZ 7014 49.302 17.401 184 1916 2007 1916 2007 1915 2007 51.3 1.62 231
10 Morava Straznice CZ 9147 48.933 17.3 163 1921 2007 1921 2007 1921 2007 59.6 1.88 205
11 Jihlava Ivancice CZ 2681 49.084 16.413 194 1924 2007 1924 2007 1924 2007 11.5 0.36 135
12 Svratka Zidlochovice CZ 3939 49.037 16.618 178 1916 2007 1916 2007 1921 2007 15.4 0.49 123
13 Morava Mor.Sv.Jan SK 24129 48.60 16.94 146 1922 2006 1895 2006 1895 2007 107.6 3.39 141
14 Bela Podbanske SK 93 49.14 19.19 923 1928 2006 1901 2006 1928 2008 3.0 0.09 1017
15 Vah L. Mikulas SK 1107 49.09 19.61 568 1921 2006 1921 2006 1921 2007 20.6 0.65 586
16 Vah Sala SK 11218 48.16 17.88 109 1921 2006 1921 2006 1901 2007 145.7 4.60 410
17 Hron B. Bystrica SK 1766 48.73 19.13 334 1931 2006 1931 2006 1931 2006 24.5 0.77 437
18 Hron Brehy SK 3821 48.41 18.65 195 1931 2006 1931 2006 1924 2007 47.2 1.49 390
19 Kysuca Kysucke N. Mesto SK 955 49.30 18.79 346 1931 2006 1931 2006 1931 2007 16.4 0.52 542
20 Topla Hanusovce SK 1050 49.03 21.50 160 1931 2006 1931 2006 1931 2007 8.0 0.25 239
21 Krupinica Plastovce SK 303 48.16 18.96 139 1931 2006 1931 2006 1931 2007 2.0 0.06 208
22 Ipel Holisa SK 686 48.30 19.74 172 1931 2006 1931 2006 1931 2007 3.1 0.10 144
23 Nitra Nitrianska Streda SK 2094 48.30 18.10 158 1931 2006 1931 2006 1931 2007 14.7 0.46 221
24 Raba Arpas HU 6610 - - - 1955 2007 1955 2007 1954 2007 34.0 1.07 162
25 Tisza Vasarosnameny HU 25100 - - - 1883 2007 1883 2007 1882 2007 361.0 11.38 454
26 Tisza Szolnok HU 73113 - - - 1921 2007 1921 2007 n n 539.0 17.00 232
27 Tisza Szeged HU 138408 46.25 20.17 74 1921 2007 1921 2007 1921 2007 828.3 26.12 189
28 Szamos Csenger HU 15283 47.83 22.68 113 1930 2007 1930 2007 1930 2007 127.3 4.01 263
29 Maros Mako HU 30149 46.22 20.48 80 1930 2007 1930 2007 1930 2007 173.1 5.46 181
30 Sajo Felsoezsolca HU 6440 48.11 20.84 107 1891 2007 1891 2007 1891 2007 30.6 0.96 150
31 Iskar Orahovica BG 8370 43.60 24.40 33 n n n n n n 57.7 1.82 217
32 Vit Iasen BG 2410 - - - n n n n n n - - -
33 Jantra Radanova BG 6570 - - - n n n n n n - - -
35 Tisza Senta SR 141715 45.56 20.06 73 1931 2007 1931 2007 1946 2006 798.0 25.17 178
9

37 Drina Bajina Basta SR 14797 43.58 19.33 211 1926 2007 1926 2007 1946 2006 340.0 10.72 725
38 Sava Sremska Mitrovica SR 87966 44.98 19.62 72 1926 2007 1926 2007 1946 2006 1560.0 49.20 559
39 Moravica Arilje SR 832 43.45 20.07 322 1963 2007 1963 2007 1950 2007 11.0 0.35 417
40 Ibar Lopatnica Lakat SR 7818 43.38 20.34 225 1948 2007 1948 2007 1948 2007 57.0 1.80 230
41 Zapadna Morava Jasika SR 14721 43.37 21.18 139 1959 2007 1959 2007 n n 104.0 3.28 223
42 Juzna Morava Mojsinje SR 15390 43.38 21.29 136 1948 2007 1848 2007 1950 2006 93.0 2.93 191
43 Velika Morava Ljubicevski most SR 37320 44.35 21.07 73 1931 2007 1931 2007 1948 2006 230.0 7.25 194
44 Drava Donji Miholjac HR 37142 45.77 18.17 88 1926 2007 1926 2007 1926 2008 538.0 16.97 457
45 Kupa Jamnicka Kiselica HR 6877 - - - 1948 2007 1948 2007 1948 2006 175.0 5.52 803
46 Sava Zagreb (incl. Catez) HR 12450 45.79 15.96 112 1926 2008 1926 2008 1926 2008 311.0 9.81 788
47 Orljava Pleternica Most HR 745 - - - 1946 2008 1946 2008 1946 2008 5.2 0.16 221
48 Una Kostajnica HR 8876 - - 1926 2008 1926 2008 1926 2007 232.0 7.32 824
49 Sava Čatež Sl 10186.45 45.89 15.61 137 1956 2005 1956 2005 n n 282.0 8.89 873
50 Krka Podbočje Sl 2238.12 45.87 15.47 146 1933 2005 1933 2005 n n 55.0 1.73 775
51 Savinja Laško SI 1663.60 46.15 15.23 215 1907 2005 1907 2005 n n 41.8 1.32 792
52 Sava Litija SI 4821.43 46.06 14.82 230 1927 2005 1927 2005 n n 168.0 5.30 1099
53 Prut Ungheni MD - - - - n n n n n n - - -
54 Delia Parlita MD 125 - - - n n n n n n - - -
56 Somes Beclean RO 4323 - - - n n n n n n - - -
57 Szamos Satu Mare RO 15388 47.80 22.88 118 n n n n n n 126.1 3.98 259
58 Olt Stoenesti RO - - - - n n n n n n - - -
59 Moldova Tupilati RO 4028 - - - n n n n n n - - -
60 Crisul Negru TincA RO 2216 - - - n n n n n n - - -
61 Crisul Alb Gurahont RO 1581 - - - n n n n n n - - -
62 Maros Arad RO 27280 46.18 21.32 102 n n n n n n 169.5 5.34 196
63 Olt Feldioara RO 5614 - - - n n n n n n - - -
64 Siret Storozhinec UKR 672 48.09 25.43 356 1953 2005 1953 2005 1953 2005 6.0 0.19 282
65 Prut Chernivcy UKR 6890 48.19 25.55 165 1895 2005 1895 2005 1895 2005 74.0 2.33 339
66 Tisza Rakhiv UKR 1070 48.04 24.13 435 1947 2005 1947 2005 1947 2005 25.0 0.79 737
67 Tisza Vylok UKR 9140 48.06 22.50 118 1954 2005 1954 2005 1954 2005 210.0 6.62 725
68 Teresva Ust-Chorna UKR 572 48.20 23.56 524 1947 2005 1947 2005 1947 2005 19.0 0.60 1048
69 Rika Mizhhirya UKR 550 48.32 23.30 439 1946 2005 1946 2005 1946 2005 14.0 0.44 803
70 Latorycya Mucacheve UKR 1360 48.27 22.43 123 1947 2005 1947 2005 1947 2005 26.0 0.82 603
71 Latorycya Chop UKR 2870 48.27 22.12 105 1956 2005 1956 2005 1956 2005 36.0 1.14 396
72 Uzh Uzhhorod UKR 1970 48.37 22.18 114 1947 2005 1947 2005 1947 2005 29.0 0.91 464
73 Prut Jaremcha UKR 597 48.27 24.33 507 1950 2005 1950 2005 1950 2005 12.0 0.38 634
74 Una Kralje BA - 44.84 15.85 209 1969 2005 1969 2005 1969 2005 98.0 3.09 -
75 Sana Sanski Most BA 2008 44.77 16.68 156 1964 2005 1964 2005 1964 2005 68.0 2.14 1068
76 Vrbas Kozluk Jajce BA 3161 44.37 17.29 342 1971 2005 1971 2005 1971 2005 29.0 0.91 289
77 Bosna Maglaj BA 6619 44.54 18.09 150 1964 2005 1964 2005 1964 2005 130.0 4.10 619
10

1.2 Data structure
On the CD ROM there are:
• Reports of objectives 1 and 3, and
• two main directories:
1. Data and
2. DataAnalysis.
1.2.1 Data directory
The Data directory contains actual digital database of the observed mean daily
discharge data from all collected Danube river basin gauging stations. It includes
excel file ListofRivers.xls, and two subdirectories:
• DailyDischarge and
• ExtremeDischarge.
The first contains files with mean daily discharges of the whole observation
periods available from all stations. The second one includes files with single
peak maximum discharge (Qmax) from all stations.
Headings of the files are as follows:
• DailyDischarge
Station = Danube - Hofkirchen
TypeCode = 2
StrucCode = 1
FirstYear = 1901
LastYear = 2007
LongVarName = Daily discharge
ShortVarName = Discharge
Dimension = m3/s
Decimals = 2
Catchment = 47496
RiverKm = -
Gauge0 = 300
MapX = 48.68
MapY = 13.12
DTHour = 0
Qcode = 1
Day Data
1.1.1901 392
2.1.1901 392
3.1.1901 392
4.1.1901 360
……………..
• ExtremeDischarge
Station = Danube - Hofkirchen
TypeCode = 2
StrucCode = 1
FirstYear = 1901
LastYear = 2007
LongVarName = Annual discharge
maxima
ShortVarName = Qmax
Dimension = m3/s
Decimals = 2
Catchment = 47496
RiverKm = -
Gauge0 = 300
MapX = 48.68
MapY = 13.12
DTHour = 0
Qcode = 1
Year Data
1901, 1850
1902, 1780
1903, 1920
……………..
11

1.2.2 DataAnalysis directory
The DataAnalysis directory contains four PDF files:
• Daily,
• Monthly,
• Yearly, and
• Extreme.
Their contents are copies of self explanatory EXCEL sheets. They contain
primarily statistical processing of the collected data and their numerical and
graphical interpretation, again in EXCEL tables, for all of the gauging stations.
On following four pages are examples of EXCEL sheets with statistical analysis
(Tables and graphs) for station Danube at Bratislava.
Explanation of the sheets
Daily data
In the Table, the Q is long-term annual discharge, q is long-term specific
discharge, and R is long-term annual runoff depth. cs is coefficient of
asymmetry, and cv is coefficient of variability of the daily discharges.
In the first figure are shown daily discharge and 4-years moving averages of the
daily discharge for the whole measured period. On the second figure are drown
the long-term percentiles of daily discharge. Percentile P50 means the mean of
daily discharges. On the third figure are M-days discharges.
Monthly data
In the Table there are:
Qma – long-term average monthly, annual and seasonal discharge in m 3 s -1 ;
Qmin/Qmax – minimal/maximal monthly discharge;
Vm – long-term monthly runoff volume in 10 9 m 3 ;
Rm – long-term monthly runoff depth in mm;
Vm/Va – long-term monthly share on yearly runoff in %;
tr – long-term trend of monthly discharges;
cs – coefficient of asymmetry, and cv is coefficient of variability of the monthly
discharges.
Yearly data / Extreme (Qmax) data
On page 3. are (in Tables and graphs) presented the basic characteristics for the
average annual discharge, and on page 4. for the maximum annual discharge.
Symbols are the same as it is mentioned above.
12

Daily discharge
Danube - Bratislava
Area 131338 km 2 Basic statistical characteristics
First Year 1876 mean min max 330-day 30-day cs cv
Last Year 2006 Q [m 3 s -1 ] 2060 580 10810 1035 3447 1.7 0.5
q [l.s -1 km -2 ] 15.7 4.4 82.3 7.9 26.2
R [mm] 494.5
Qd [m 3 s -1 ]
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Danube - Bratislava
01.01.1850 03.01.1860 04.01.1870 06.01.1880 07.01.1890 9.I.1900 11.I.1910
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Qd [m 3 s -1 ]
12000
10000
3000
2500
8000
2000
6000
1500
4000
1000
2000
500
0
0
1-I-1900 1-I-1910 1-I-1920 1-I-1930 1-I-1940 1-I-1950 1-I-1960
Qd [m 3 s -1 ]
12000
10000
3000
2500
8000
2000
6000
1500
4000
1000
2000
500
0
0
1-I-1950 1-I-1960 1-I-1970 1-I-1980 1-I-1990 1-I-2000 1-I-2010
Fig. 1. Daily discharge and 4-years moving averages.
4500
4000
3500
P10
P50
P90
12000
10000
Qd [m 3 s -1 ]
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
01.I 01.IV 01.VII 01.X
Qd [m 3 s -1 ]
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0 60 120 180 240 300 360
Fig. 2. Long-term percentiles of daily discharge.
Fig. 3. M-days water.
13

Mean Monthly and Seassonal Discharges in m³/s
Elevation: 128 m
Station Danube - Bratislava Longitude: 17.11
Catchment 131338 km 2 Latitude: 48.14
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Year XI-IV V-X
Qma 1636 1731 2088 2393 2689 2790 2630 2289 1901 1552 1474 1520 2060 1807 2309
Qmin 770 745 937 1020 1275 1493 1326 1090 737 633 812 664 1420 1209 1285
Qmax 5117 4366 4900 4855 5283 7324 5424 5007 4594 2919 3684 3686 2910 3057 3774
Vm 4.4 4.2 5.6 6.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.1 4.9 4.2 3.8 4.1 65 28.3 36.7
Rm 33.4 31.9 42.6 47.2 54.8 55.1 53.6 46.7 37.5 31.7 29.1 31.0 495 215.2 279.4
Vm/Va 6.7 6.4 8.6 9.5 11.1 11.1 10.8 9.4 7.6 6.4 5.9 6.3 100 44 56
tr -0.005 0.000 0.006 0.010 0.000 -0.002 -0.002 -0.006 -0.011 -0.004 0.007 0.011 0.000 0.014 -0.010
cs 1.91 1.30 0.88 0.82 0.91 2.10 1.12 1.04 1.52 0.62 1.55 1.29 0.31 0.72 0.68
cv 0.430 0.399 0.333 0.283 0.257 0.273 0.295 0.303 0.352 0.298 0.342 0.362 0.159 0.198 0.186
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Year XI-IV V-X
1841-1870 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
1856-1885 2300 2254 2250 1975 2336 2629 2485 2244 1830 1596 1524 1724 2095 2004 2187
1871-1900 1842 1923 2125 2204 2624 2780 2552 2437 2102 1578 1406 1412 2083 1819 2345
1886-1915 1489 1566 2035 2411 2863 2852 2717 2408 2177 1581 1354 1366 2071 1703 2433
1901-1930 1676 1528 1868 2318 2846 2801 2707 2323 2067 1592 1443 1485 2057 1720 2389
1916-1945 1644 1652 1925 2375 2721 2917 2579 2345 2004 1675 1585 1445 2074 1771 2373
1931-1960 1458 1673 2150 2422 2521 2792 2762 2286 1765 1554 1514 1418 2028 1773 2280
1946-1975 1490 1682 2014 2365 2638 2826 2867 2276 1639 1383 1381 1501 2007 1739 2272
1961-1990 1585 1813 2044 2485 2759 2918 2631 2236 1733 1456 1408 1669 2063 1834 2289
1976-2005 1720 1864 2306 2486 2626 2605 2432 2135 1816 1568 1559 1717 2071 1942 2197
1893-2006 1636 1731 2088 2393 2689 2790 2630 2289 1901 1552 1474 1520 2060 1807 2309
1901-2006 1587 1686 2080 2438 2704 2793 2649 2255 1854 1546 1490 1546 2054 1805 2300
1931-2006 1552 1748 2163 2485 2648 2790 2626 2228 1769 1528 1509 1570 2053 1838 2265
R [mm]
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
I III V VII IX XI
Qm [m 3 s -1 ]
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Long-term monthly runoff.
Course of monthly discharges.
Qm [m 3 s -1 ]
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
1976-2005
1931-1960
I III V VII IX XI
Qm [m 3 s -1 ]
2700
Bratislava summer - autumn period, (V. - X.)
2100
winter - spring period, (XI. - IV.)
1500
1840 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
Comparision of two periods
Course of moving averges of seassonal discharges.
XI-IV
V-X
Qm [m 3 s -1 ]
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
I III V VII IX XI
0.001
0.01
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
0.9
0.95
0.99
Share of the summer-autumm discharge
Percentiles (log-normal distributions) of monthly doscharges.
14

River: Danube Station: Bratislava Area: 131.338 10 3 km 2 SK
Basic statistical characteristics
Qa qa Qmin Qmax cs cv Med. trend Hurst
m3/s l/s/km2 m3/s m3/s m3/s
1876-2005 2059 15.7 1420 2910 0.32 0.16 2035 -0.0609 0.525
Period Qa qa Qmin Qmax cs cv Period Qa St.dev qa cs cv
1871-1880 1886-1915 2071 326 15.8 0.16 0.16
1881-1890 1919 14.6 1556 2363 -0.01 0.16 1901-1930 2057 327 15.7 0.16 0.16
1891-1900 2131 16.2 1716 2640 0.35 0.14 1916-1945 2074 344 15.8 -0.02 0.17
1901-1910 2003 15.3 1575 2768 1.08 0.17 1931-1960 2028 321 15.4 0.21 0.16
1911-1920 2169 16.5 1666 2438 -0.86 0.13 1946-1975 2007 372 15.3 0.78 0.19
1921-1930 2001 15.2 1543 2621 0.28 0.18 1961-1990 2063 374 15.7 0.53 0.18
1931-1940 2007 15.3 1420 2393 -0.61 0.15 1976-2005 2071 268 15.8 0.38 0.13
1941-1950 2061 15.7 1543 2688 0.33 0.22
1951-1960 2015 15.3 1657 2342 -0.27 0.10
1961-1970 2161 16.5 1634 2910 0.48 0.23
1971-1980 1968 15.0 1511 2331 -0.36 0.17
1981-1990 2059 15.7 1719 2499 0.47 0.14
1991-2000 2057 15.7 1789 2387 0.64 0.10
2001-2006 2120 16.1 1647 2689 0.40 0.17
Q [m 3 s -1 ]
2100
2050
2000
1886-
1915
1901-
1930
1916-
1945
1931-
1960
1946-
1975
1961-
1990
1976-
2005
Long term 30-year dichcharge.
Q a [m 3 .s -1 ]
3000
2200
Bratislava
y = -0.0152x + 2060.6
1400
1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010
Average anual discharge, diferences from 7-year moving averages.
2200
Q [m 3 s -1 ]
2050
1900
1871-
1880
1881-
1890
1891-
1900
1901-
1910
1911-
1920
1921-
1930
1931-
1940
1941-
1950
1951-
1960
1961-
1970
1971-
1980
1981-
1990
1991-
2000
2001-
2006
Long term 10-year dichcharge.
R - autocorrelation
0.20
0.10
0.00
-0.10
-0.20
-0.30
1 11 21 31 41 51
Autocorrelogram of yearly discharge.
0.0 0.5 1.0
Danube: Bratislava, 1876-2006
4.2
3.6
2.4
10.6 14.5
7
1 10 100
period [yr]
21
28
44
Combined periodogram of yearly discharge.
15

River: Danube Station: Bratislava Area: 131.338 10 3 km 2 SK
Qmax
Basic statistical characteristics
Qmax qmax min max cs cv Med. trend
m3/s l/s/km2 m3/s m3/s m3/s
1876-2005 5866 44.7 3000 10870 0.86 0.28 5604 2.1121
Period Qmax qmax min max cs cv Period Qmax St.dev qmax cs cv
1871-1880 1886-1915 5679 1880 43.2 1.21 0.33
1881-1890 5560 42.3 3570 9062 0.68 0.39 1901-1930 5668 1376 43.2 0.58 0.24
1891-1900 6433 49.0 3619 10870 0.61 0.41 1916-1945 5633 1410 42.9 0.60 0.25
1901-1910 5253 40.0 3653 6485 -0.36 0.20 1931-1960 5768 1424 43.9 0.85 0.25
1911-1920 5958 45.4 4510 8616 1.09 0.20 1946-1975 6029 1620 45.9 0.74 0.27
1921-1930 5793 44.1 3430 8998 0.48 0.31 1961-1990 5722 1417 43.6 0.80 0.25
1931-1940 5118 39.0 3000 7260 0.17 0.22 1976-2005 5996 1456 45.7 1.25 0.24
1941-1950 5714 43.5 3153 7160 -1.09 0.20
1951-1960 6472 49.3 4431 10400 1.21 0.27
1961-1970 5855 44.6 4042 9224 1.08 0.27
1971-1980 5649 43.0 4124 8715 1.03 0.26
1981-1990 5661 43.1 3693 7686 0.39 0.24
1991-2000 6397 48.7 5268 9430 2.08 0.19
2001-2006 6798 51.8 4435 10370 0.68 0.30
Q [m 3 s -1 ]
6200
6000
5800
5600
5400
1886-
1915
1901-
1930
1916-
1945
1931-
1960
1946-
1975
1961-
1990
1976-
2005
Q a [m 3 .s -1 ]
Average anual discharge, diferences from 7-year moving averages.
Q [m 3 s -1 ]
Long term 30-year dichcharge.
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
1871-
1880
1881-
1890
1891-
1900
1901-
1910
1911-
1920
1921-
1930
1931-
1940
1941-
1950
1951-
1960
1961-
1970
1971-
1980
1981-
1990
1991-
2000
2001-
2006
Long term 10-year dichcharge.
R - autocorrelation
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
-0.10
-0.20
-0.30
1 11 21 31 41 51
Autocorrelogram of yearly discharge.
16

2 Appendix I – CD with data
17