Qualitative Research in Practice : Stories From the Field - Blogs Unpad

Qualitative Research in Practice : Stories From the Field - Blogs Unpad Qualitative Research in Practice : Stories From the Field - Blogs Unpad

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In-depth interviewing encouraged multiple interviews and ongoing engagement with participants as research collaborators as ways of minimising the power differences between researcher and researched and highlighting their shared experiences as women (Oakley, 1981; Stanley & Wise, 1983; Harding, 1986). Comments by two of the women indicated that they valued the containment offered by this approach. Cynthia (all names have been changed) said at follow-up that it was the absence of an emotional tie between herself and me that enabled her to share her experiences. She contrasted her relationship with me to that of her family and friends: I don’t feel that I’m vulnerable to you because we are not emotionally linked. I feel that you are doing a job. I’m participating in this of my own free will so I don’t look at you as a threat to my innermost feelings (Darlington, 1993, p. 109). Judith welcomed the follow-up interview as a chance to achieve closure: Even this morning when they asked me where I was going I said, ‘I’ve got the follow-up interview with the researcher’, and I even felt then that it was very necessary that I was going to follow it up. I felt it was good that I was going to do the follow-up—not sort of left up in the air (Darlington, 1993, p. 109). Her comments at the end of the follow-up interview indicated that it had been a useful process for her: I feel much happier. I’ve read a few books on women’s stories and that and I was thinking that’s how it must feel when they’ve written the book. An excited feeling. Powerful . . . I’ll probably go and do a little skip up the street. That’s the feeling. Compared to feeling really vulnerable after the interview (Darlington, 1993, p. 109). Referral source My decision to include only women referred through counsellors and support groups also related to my concern that women should be readily able to obtain support in relation to any issues engendered by their participation in the research. It also enabled me to concentrate fully on my role as researcher, taking responsibility for how I related to the women as researcher but without having 71

Qualitative research in practice to cross over to a counselling role for which, in this context, I had no mandate. Two themes in the women’s comments supported this decision. First, several of the women commented that participation in the study would have been difficult for them had they not already had counselling in relation to their sexual abuse, and second, even in this group of self-selected women, over two-thirds reported some degree of emotional distress following the interview. In relation to the timing of the interview, some of the women identified a time when they would either not have made themselves available to be interviewed about their experience of sexual abuse or, if they had, would have found it emotionally detrimental. Cynthia said it had only been since she had come to believe that the sexual abuse was not her fault that she had been able to talk about it; but prior to that, she would have felt too ashamed to do an interview like this. Irene thought that, even six months earlier, she would have coped poorly with the stress of talking about such painful issues, saying, ‘It could have really taken me down.’ Judith would not previously have been able to participate in research on this topic as it had only been her recent recall of her sexual abuse that made her experience accessible even to herself. Of the women who reported some degree of emotional distress following the interview, some had had regular counselling appointments or support group meetings following the interview that had helped. Others said their distress had subsided of its own accord. Nevertheless, all the women reported that they were pleased they had done the interview. Some, like Judith, found the process itself helpful: I can’t believe it. I’ve actually talked nearly three hours . . . It’s like I’ve never been able to do that before . . . but it’s like that I’ve been allowed to say, to go on and on for nearly three hours and it’s just been okay to do that. And what I was saying, maybe it was worth putting on tape (Darlington, 1996, p. 130). Comments In this chapter, we have seen that in-depth interviewing involves much more than what happens in the interview itself, crucial as this is. We have considered the selection of participants, the initial 72

<strong>Qualitative</strong> research <strong>in</strong> practice<br />

to cross over to a counsell<strong>in</strong>g role for which, <strong>in</strong> this context, I had<br />

no mandate. Two <strong>the</strong>mes <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> women’s comments supported<br />

this decision. First, several of <strong>the</strong> women commented that participation<br />

<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> study would have been difficult for <strong>the</strong>m had <strong>the</strong>y<br />

not already had counsell<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> relation to <strong>the</strong>ir sexual abuse, and<br />

second, even <strong>in</strong> this group of self-selected women, over two-thirds<br />

reported some degree of emotional distress follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terview.<br />

In relation to <strong>the</strong> tim<strong>in</strong>g of <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terview, some of <strong>the</strong> women<br />

identified a time when <strong>the</strong>y would ei<strong>the</strong>r not have made <strong>the</strong>mselves<br />

available to be <strong>in</strong>terviewed about <strong>the</strong>ir experience of<br />

sexual abuse or, if <strong>the</strong>y had, would have found it emotionally<br />

detrimental. Cynthia said it had only been s<strong>in</strong>ce she had come to<br />

believe that <strong>the</strong> sexual abuse was not her fault that she had been<br />

able to talk about it; but prior to that, she would have felt too<br />

ashamed to do an <strong>in</strong>terview like this. Irene thought that, even six<br />

months earlier, she would have coped poorly with <strong>the</strong> stress of<br />

talk<strong>in</strong>g about such pa<strong>in</strong>ful issues, say<strong>in</strong>g, ‘It could have really<br />

taken me down.’ Judith would not previously have been able to<br />

participate <strong>in</strong> research on this topic as it had only been her<br />

recent recall of her sexual abuse that made her experience accessible<br />

even to herself.<br />

Of <strong>the</strong> women who reported some degree of emotional<br />

distress follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terview, some had had regular counsell<strong>in</strong>g<br />

appo<strong>in</strong>tments or support group meet<strong>in</strong>gs follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong>terview that had helped. O<strong>the</strong>rs said <strong>the</strong>ir distress had subsided<br />

of its own accord. Never<strong>the</strong>less, all <strong>the</strong> women reported that <strong>the</strong>y<br />

were pleased <strong>the</strong>y had done <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terview. Some, like Judith,<br />

found <strong>the</strong> process itself helpful:<br />

I can’t believe it. I’ve actually talked nearly three hours . . . It’s like<br />

I’ve never been able to do that before . . . but it’s like that I’ve been<br />

allowed to say, to go on and on for nearly three hours and it’s just<br />

been okay to do that. And what I was say<strong>in</strong>g, maybe it was worth<br />

putt<strong>in</strong>g on tape (Darl<strong>in</strong>gton, 1996, p. 130).<br />

Comments<br />

In this chapter, we have seen that <strong>in</strong>-depth <strong>in</strong>terview<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>volves<br />

much more than what happens <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terview itself, crucial as this<br />

is. We have considered <strong>the</strong> selection of participants, <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>itial<br />

72

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