National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for Gaza 2014-2017_FINAL...

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The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for Gaza 2014
SECTION 3: GAZA RAPID ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES AND NEEDS
3.2.4 Shelter and Housing
Prior to the Assault
Gaza was already facing a housing shortage of over 75,000 units, as a result of a rapidly growing and young population, import
restrictions on construction materials, and significant damage and destruction during previous assaults.
Impact of the Assault
Further severe stress was caused by the July/August assault, which affected around 60,000 housing units (or 18 percent of Gaza’s
housing stock). Around 20,000 housing units were totally destroyed or severely damaged. A further 40,000 housing units were
partially damaged, impacting a further 260,000 people.
One in four Gaza residents were displaced by the Israeli bombardment, forced into public shelters or shared accommodation: of
that number, over 68 percent were displaced by housing damage. Weeks after the ceasefire, as this report goes to print, some
110,000 IDPs remain in public shelters or with host families.
Type of damage Destroyed Severe Damage Partial damage Total Units
Description Totally destroyed houses, beyond
repair. Need demolition and
reconstruction.
Severe damages in essential
parts of house. Uninhabitable
until major rehabilitation work
Major or minor damages in
part of house. House can be
inhabited but needs repairs
is undertaken.
North Gaza 2,300 2,300 8,000 12,600
Gaza 2,900 2,900 15,000 20,800
Middle Gaza 1,500 1,500 6,000 9,000
Khan Younis 2,000 2,000 7,000 11,000
Rafah 1,300 1,300 4,000 6,600
Total 10,000 10,000 40,000 60,000
3.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure
Impact of the Assault
The impact of the July/August assault was universal on public infrastructure. Municipalities, central government authorities, and
UNRWA report destruction and damage to facilities, and critical operational infrastructure and equipment. In total, 78 public
buildings were destroyed, adding to the 28 public buildings destroyed in previous assaults.
3.2.6 Border Crossings
The 2006 Access and Movement Agreement (AMA) identified six border crossings for commercial and traveler use, as well as
the international airport and commercial seaport. Currently, only three border crossings are functional, with minimal movement
allowed across all three. Other crossings and access (including the safe passage to the West Bank) are not open, and their facilities
range from being under-developed, damaged, deteriorated, or destroyed. This non-compliance with the AMA has suppressed
economic growth and effectively imprisoned 1.8 million people.
3.2.7 Roads
Impact of the Assault
The municipal road networks suffered the most damage. One in every two kilometers of regional roads in Gaza were already
unpaved or damaged, as a result of damage in previous Israeli incursions or because rehabilitation was hindered by the blockade.
Further damage to roads during the assault impeded rapid response and civilian evacuation and continues to constrain provision
of basic and critical services. Khan Younis, Gaza, and North Gaza experienced the greatest road damage respectively.