City of Oxnard - Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan Appendices
City of Oxnard - Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan Appendices
City of Oxnard - Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan Appendices
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Appendix A | Design Guidelines<br />
Design<br />
Speed<br />
(mph)<br />
2%<br />
Superelevation<br />
Table A-2: Design Speed Minimum Radius<br />
Minimum Radius (feet)<br />
Minimum Radius<br />
Superelevation<br />
Minimum Radius<br />
3%<br />
Superelevation<br />
4%<br />
Superelevation<br />
25 154 147 141 137<br />
30 282 269 259 249<br />
Source: Adapted from Caltrans Highway Design Manual (metric units converted to English)<br />
5%<br />
Superelevation<br />
A.2.2.8. Stopping Sight Distance<br />
To provide bicyclists with an opportunity to see <strong>and</strong> react to the unexpected, a multi-use path should be<br />
designed with adequate stopping sight distances. The distance required to bring a bicycle to a full controlled<br />
stop is a function <strong>of</strong> the bicyclist’s perception <strong>and</strong> brake reaction time, the initial speed <strong>of</strong> the bicycle, the<br />
coefficient <strong>of</strong> friction between the tires <strong>and</strong> the pavement, <strong>and</strong> the braking ability <strong>of</strong> the bicycle.<br />
The table below indicates the minimum stopping sight distances for the common design speeds <strong>and</strong> grades on<br />
two-way paths. For two-way multi-use paths, the descending direction, that is, where grade is negative, will<br />
control the design. The higher design speed should be used on segments with five percent grade <strong>and</strong> higher.<br />
Table A-3: Design Speed Minimum Stopping Sight Distance<br />
Design<br />
Stopping Distance (feet)<br />
Speed<br />
(mph)<br />
0%<br />
Grade<br />
5%<br />
Grade<br />
10%<br />
Grade<br />
15%<br />
Grade<br />
20%<br />
Grade<br />
25 176 197 232 300 507<br />
30 246 279 332 440 763<br />
Source: Adapted from Caltrans Highway Design Manual (metric units converted to English)<br />
A.2.2.9. Grades<br />
Multi-use paths typically attract less skilled bicyclists, so it is important to avoid steep grades in their design.<br />
Bicyclists not physically conditioned will be unable to negotiate long, steep uphill grades. Since some novice<br />
bicyclists <strong>of</strong>ten ride poorly maintained bicycles, long downgrades can cause problems as well. For these<br />
reasons, multi-use paths with long, steep grades will generally receive very little use. The maximum grade rate<br />
recommended for multi-use paths is 5 percent. It is desirable to limit sustained grades to 2 percent to<br />
accommodate a wide range <strong>of</strong> riders. Steeper grades can be tolerated for short segments (e.g., up to about 500<br />
feet). Where steeper grades are necessitated, the design speed should be increased <strong>and</strong> additional width<br />
provided.<br />
A.2.2.10. Lighting<br />
Fixed-source lighting reduces conflicts along paths <strong>and</strong> at intersections. In addition, lighting allows the<br />
bicyclist to see the multi-use path direction, surface conditions, <strong>and</strong> obstacles. Lighting for multi-use paths is<br />
A-8 | Alta <strong>Plan</strong>ning + Design