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4.3 Trends in Fertility .................................................. 40 4.4 Children Ever Born and Living......................................... 41 4.5 Birth Intervals ..................................................... 43 4.6 Age at First Birth ................................................... 44 4.7 Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood ................................... 46 CHAPTER 5 FERTILITY REGULATION ....................................... 47 5.1 Knowledge of Contraception .......................................... 47 5.2 Ever Use of Contraception ............................................ 50 5.3 Current Use of Contraceptive Methods .................................. 52 5.4 Knowledge of Fertile Period .......................................... 58 5.5 Trends in Contraceptive Use .......................................... 58 5.6 Use of Social Marketing Brands........................................ 58 5.7 Decision on Use of Contraceptives...................................... 59 5.8 Number of Children at First Use of Family Planning ........................ 60 5.9 Source of Family Planning Methods .................................... 61 5.10 Intention to Use Family Planning among Nonusers ......................... 63 5.11 Reasons for Nonuse ................................................. 63 5.12 Preferred Methods of Contraception for Future Use ........................ 64 5.13 Exposure to Family Planning Messages .................................. 65 5.14 Exposure to Family Planning Messages through the Print Media............... 67 5.15 Contact of Nonusers with Family Planning Providers ....................... 68 5.16 Discussion of Family Planning between Spouses ........................... 69 5.17 Attitudes toward Family Planning ...................................... 70 CHAPTER 6 OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY ................. 73 6.1 Marital Status ..................................................... 73 6.2 Polygyny ......................................................... 75 6.3 Age at First Marriage................................................ 76 6.4 Age at First Sexual Intercourse ........................................ 78 6.5 Recent Sexual Activity ............................................... 80 6.6 Postpartum Amenorrhea, Abstinence, and Insusceptibility ................... 83 6.7 Termination of Exposure to Pregnancy .................................. 84 CHAPTER 7 FERTILITY PREFERENCE ...............................................85 7.1 Desire for More Children ............................................. 85 7.2 Need for Family Planning Services ..................................... 90 7.3 Ideal Family Size ................................................... 90 7.4 Fertility Planning................................................... 94 Page iv * Contents
CHAPTER 8 INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY ................................ 97 8.1 Assessment of Data Quality ........................................... 97 8.2 Levels and Trends in Infant and Child Mortality ........................... 99 8.3 Socioeconomic Differentials in Childhood Mortality ....................... 100 8.4 Demographic Differentials in Mortality ................................. 102 8.5 Perinatal Mortality ................................................ 103 8.6 High-Risk Fertility Behavior.......................................... 105 CHAPTER 9 ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY ............................ 107 9.1 Data Quality Issues ................................................ 107 9.2 Adult Mortality ................................................... 108 9.3 Maternal Mortality ................................................ 109 CHAPTER 10MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH ............................... 111 10.1 Antenatal Care.................................................... 111 10.2 Antenatal Care Content ............................................. 113 10.3 Tetanus Toxoid Coverage ........................................... 115 10.4 Antimalarial Medicine .............................................. 116 10.5 Eating Taboos .................................................... 117 10.6 Delivery Care..................................................... 117 10.7 Assistance at Delivery .............................................. 118 10.8 Delivery Characteristics ............................................. 120 10.9 Postnatal Care .................................................... 121 10.10 Exposure to Sunlight ............................................... 124 10.11 Perceived Problems in Accessing Women’s Health Care .................... 125 10.12 Vaccination Coverage .............................................. 127 10.13 Trends in Vaccination Coverage ...................................... 129 10.14 Acute Respiratory Infection .......................................... 131 10.15 Fever ........................................................... 132 10.16 Stool Disposal .................................................... 134 10.17 Prevalence of Diarrhea ............................................. 136 10.18 Knowledge of ORS Packets .......................................... 136 10.19 Diarrhea Treatment ............................................... 137 10.20 Feeding Practices.................................................. 139 10.21 Women’s Status and Children’s Health Care ............................. 139 CHAPTER 11 INFANT FEEDING AND CHILDHOOD AND MATERNAL NUTRITION . . . 141 11.1 Initiation of Breastfeeding ........................................... 141 11.2 Breastfeeding Status by Age ......................................... 142 11.3 Duration and Frequency of Breastfeeding ............................... 144 Contents * v
Page 1 and 2: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Sur
Page 3 and 4: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Sur
Page 5: CONTENTS Page Tables and Figures ..
Page 9 and 10: TABLES AND FIGURES Page CHAPTER 1 I
Page 11 and 12: Table 5.22 Women’s approval of fa
Page 13 and 14: Page CHAPTER 11 INFANT FEEDING AND
Page 15: FOREWORD The 2000 Ethiopia Demograp
Page 19 and 20: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The 2000 Ethiop
Page 21 and 22: Twelve percent of children are full
Page 23 and 24: WOMEN’S STATUS The DHS data shed
Page 25 and 26: The majority of the population live
Page 27 and 28: Table 1.2 Results of the household
Page 29 and 30: Table 2.1 Household population by a
Page 31 and 32: Table 2.3 Children’s living arran
Page 33 and 34: An investigation of the changes in
Page 35 and 36: The age-specific attendance rates (
Page 37 and 38: ural than in urban households. The
Page 39 and 40: Table 2.11 Utilization and source o
Page 41 and 42: Table 3.1 Background characteristic
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.3 Educational attainment by
Page 45 and 46: Table 3.4 Literacy Percent distribu
Page 47 and 48: 3.5 EMPLOYMENT Respondents were ask
Page 49 and 50: Table 3.6.2 Employment: men Percent
Page 51 and 52: Table 3.7.2 Occupation: men Percent
Page 53 and 54: Employment is assumed to go hand in
Page 55 and 56: Table 3.10 Women's agreement with r
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primary education. There is substan
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FERTILITY 4 Fertility is the most i
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4.2 FERTILITY DIFFERENTIALS Table 4
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4.4 CHILDREN EVER BORN AND LIVING T
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Comparison of these results with th
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Table 4.7 Age at first birth Percen
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FERTILITY REGULATION 5 Information
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Table 5.2 Couples’ knowledge of c
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Table 5.4 Ever use of contraception
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Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.6.1 Current use of contrace
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Table 5.6.2 Current use of contrace
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“Prudence” is used by 13 percen
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Table 5.12 Number of children at fi
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5.10 INTENTION TO USE FAMILY PLANNI
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The majority (46 percent) of women
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Education of respondents is closely
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To get an insight into the level of
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When there is a perceived disagreem
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OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FER
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6.2 POLYGYNY The extent of polygyny
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Table 6.3 Age at first marriage Per
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7 Recent sexual activity: w
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ut had had sex before (Table 6.8).
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FERTILITY PREFERENCE 7 Due to vario
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Figure 7.2 Desire to Limit Childbea
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Table 7.4 Desire to limit childbear
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Table 7.5 Need for family planning
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Table 7.6 also shows that the ideal
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Table 7.9 shows wanted fertility ra
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and deaths affects mortality estima
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8.3 SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENTIALS IN
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8.4 DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIALS IN MO
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at any time during the five years b
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Table 8.5 High-risk fertility behav
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siblings with missing information f
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Table 9.2 Direct estimates of mater
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Table 10.1 Antenatal care Percent d
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Table 10.3 Antenatal care content P
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Affar Region. Education of the moth
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Table 10.6 Place of delivery Percen
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irths to women with no education. N
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Table 10.9 Postnatal care by backgr
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10.10 EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT In some
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Table 10.12 Perceived problem in ac
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Figure 10.2 Vaccination Coverage Am
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Table 10.15 Vaccinations in first y
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Only 16 percent of all children und
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Very few children with fever are ta
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10.17 PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA Diarrh
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Table 10.23 Diarrhea treatment Amon
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INFANT FEEDING AND CHILDHOOD AND MA
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Information on supplementation was
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The median and mean duration of bre
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Table 11.5 Frequency of foods consu
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Table 11.7 Iodized salt Percent dis
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A mother’s nutritional status dur
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e related to age and that weight be
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Chronic malnutrition among Ethiopia
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of 140 to 150 centimeters. The BMI,
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Table 12.1 Knowledge of AIDS Percen
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Table 12.2.2 Source of information
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Table 12.4.1 Knowledge of programma
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Table 12.5 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS-re
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or partner than others. Discussion
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Tables 12.9.1 and 12.9.2 show the k
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Table 12.10 Self-reporting of sexua
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Table 12.12 Number of sexual partne
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Sexual intercourse with noncohabiti
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REFERENCES Boerma, J. Ties. 1988. M
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A.4 SAMPLING FRAME The Ethiopia DHS
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The Men’s Questionnaire collected
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Table A.1.1 Sample implementation:
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS APPEND
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In general, the relative standard e
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Table B.2 Sampling errors: National
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Table B.4 Sampling errors: Rural sa
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Table C.2 Age distribution of eligi
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Table C.5 Reporting of age at death
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Table C.8 Indicators of data qualit
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Statisticians Abay Getachew Amanuel
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Female Interviewers (contd.) Rahel
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE Now we would lik
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CURRENT SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IF AGE 5-
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PARENTAL SURVIVORSHIP AND RESIDENCE
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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CENTRAL STATISTICAL AUTHORITY ETHIO
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211 Now I would like to record the
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LAST BIRTH NAME ___________________
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427 Was (NAME) delivered by caesari
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442 Are you still breastfeeding (NA
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION AND HEALTH
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463 Has (NAME) been ill with a feve
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479 Where did you seek advice or tr
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
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804 What was the name given to your
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SECTION 9: FEMALE CIRCUMCISION NO.
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SECTION 11. SEXUAL ACTIVITY NO. QUE
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INTERVIEWER’S OBSERVATIONS TO BE
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
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SECTION 4. MARRIAGE NO. QUESTIONS A
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
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SECTION 7: AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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