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survey, and 37 percent did not work at all (Figure 3.1). Fifty-one percent of women employed in the 12 months preceding the survey were employed all year, 24 percent were employed seasonally, and another 25 percent were employed occasionally. Women age 40-49 are the most active group, while women under 20 are relatively less active. Divorced, separated, and widowed women are more likely to be gainfully employed than other women. Women with children were also more likely to be working at the time of the survey than women with no children. A higher proportion of rural women than urban women are currently working (58 percent and 51 percent, respectively). However, rural women are more likely to have seasonal jobs than urban women; about 27 percent of women in rural areas work seasonally, compared with only 8 percent in urban areas. There exists a notable variation in the proportion of women currently working among the regions, ranging from 72 percent in the Tigray Region to 32 percent in the Somali Region. Figure 3.1 Percent Distribution of Women Age 15-49 by Employment Status Currently employed 57% Worked during last 12 months 7% Did not work in last 12 months 37% Note: Percentages add to more than 100 due to rounding. Ethiopia <strong>DHS</strong> 2000 In a relatively less industrialized country such as Ethiopia, education is no guarantee for employment. Among the small proportion of women who attained secondary and higher levels of education, 49 percent were not working in the 12 months preceding the survey, compared with those who received no education at all (34 percent). Seasonal employment is more common among uneducated women (25 percent) than among those with secondary and higher education (12 percent). Table 3.6.2 shows employment information for men. Eighty-seven percent of men were working at the time of the survey, 5 percent worked in the 12 months prior to the survey, and 8 percent did not work at all. Men 25 years and older are more active than younger men, as are currently married men and those living together, men with living children, men living in the Affar and Amhara regions, and men with no education. Respondent’s Characteristics and Status * 25
Table 3.6.2 Employment: men Percent distribution of men by employment status, according to background characteristics, Ethiopia 2000 _________________________________________________________________ Employment in the 12 months Not preceding the survey employed ____________________ in the Not 12 months Background Currently currently preceding characteristic employed employed the survey Total Number _________________________________________________________________ Age 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 66.9 10.9 22.1 100.0 600 85.4 6.6 8.0 100.0 408 94.7 3.9 1.4 100.0 343 94.6 3.3 2.1 100.0 276 96.5 1.9 1.6 100.0 304 95.8 2.5 1.7 100.0 182 97.9 0.1 2.0 100.0 207 91.8 2.6 5.6 100.0 142 94.7 1.9 3.4 100.0 146 Current marital status Never married Currently married/ living together Divorced, separated, widowed Number of living children 0 1-2 3-4 5+ Residence Urban Rural Region Tigray Afar Amhara Oromiya Somali Ben-Gumz SNNP Gambela Harari Addis Dire Dawa 74.2 9.5 16.3 100.0 1,040 96.6 2.2 1.3 100.0 1,460 86.1 1.7 12.2 100.0 107 77.1 8.3 14.5 100.0 1,206 95.9 2.6 1.5 100.0 452 96.7 1.3 1.9 100.0 398 95.3 2.5 2.1 100.0 551 73.0 7.2 19.8 100.0 379 89.7 4.7 5.6 100.0 2,228 75.7 7.4 16.5 100.0 136 93.2 0.8 6.0 100.0 34 92.5 2.3 5.2 100.0 630 86.3 4.4 9.2 100.0 1,054 86.0 5.6 8.4 100.0 36 89.6 7.4 3.0 100.0 31 88.9 8.2 2.9 100.0 566 76.7 7.9 15.4 100.0 7 74.9 7.3 17.8 100.0 7 70.2 7.4 22.4 100.0 95 71.3 9.1 19.6 100.0 12 Education No education Primary 94.0 84.0 2.9 7.3 3.1 8.6 100.0 100.0 1,358 860 Secondary and higher 70.6 7.6 21.8 100.0 388 Total 87.2 5.0 7.7 100.0 2,607 _________________________________________________________________ Note: Total includes men whose employment status is missing or not known, who are not shown separately. 26 * Respondent’s Characteristics and Status
Page 1 and 2: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Sur
Page 3 and 4: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Sur
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS Page Tables and Figures ..
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 8 INFANT AND CHILD MORTALIT
Page 9 and 10: TABLES AND FIGURES Page CHAPTER 1 I
Page 11 and 12: Table 5.22 Women’s approval of fa
Page 13 and 14: Page CHAPTER 11 INFANT FEEDING AND
Page 15: FOREWORD The 2000 Ethiopia Demograp
Page 19 and 20: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The 2000 Ethiop
Page 21 and 22: Twelve percent of children are full
Page 23 and 24: WOMEN’S STATUS The DHS data shed
Page 25 and 26: The majority of the population live
Page 27 and 28: Table 1.2 Results of the household
Page 29 and 30: Table 2.1 Household population by a
Page 31 and 32: Table 2.3 Children’s living arran
Page 33 and 34: An investigation of the changes in
Page 35 and 36: The age-specific attendance rates (
Page 37 and 38: ural than in urban households. The
Page 39 and 40: Table 2.11 Utilization and source o
Page 41 and 42: Table 3.1 Background characteristic
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.3 Educational attainment by
Page 45 and 46: Table 3.4 Literacy Percent distribu
Page 47: 3.5 EMPLOYMENT Respondents were ask
Page 51 and 52: Table 3.7.2 Occupation: men Percent
Page 53 and 54: Employment is assumed to go hand in
Page 55 and 56: Table 3.10 Women's agreement with r
Page 57 and 58: primary education. There is substan
Page 59 and 60: FERTILITY 4 Fertility is the most i
Page 61 and 62: 4.2 FERTILITY DIFFERENTIALS Table 4
Page 63 and 64: 4.4 CHILDREN EVER BORN AND LIVING T
Page 65 and 66: Comparison of these results with th
Page 67 and 68: Table 4.7 Age at first birth Percen
Page 69 and 70: FERTILITY REGULATION 5 Information
Page 71 and 72: Table 5.2 Couples’ knowledge of c
Page 73 and 74: Table 5.4 Ever use of contraception
Page 75 and 76: Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
Page 77 and 78: Table 5.6.1 Current use of contrace
Page 79 and 80: Table 5.6.2 Current use of contrace
Page 81 and 82: “Prudence” is used by 13 percen
Page 83 and 84: Table 5.12 Number of children at fi
Page 85 and 86: 5.10 INTENTION TO USE FAMILY PLANNI
Page 87 and 88: The majority (46 percent) of women
Page 89 and 90: Education of respondents is closely
Page 91 and 92: To get an insight into the level of
Page 93 and 94: When there is a perceived disagreem
Page 95 and 96: OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FER
Page 97 and 98: 6.2 POLYGYNY The extent of polygyny
Page 99 and 100:
Table 6.3 Age at first marriage Per
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Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 6.7 Recent sexual activity: w
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ut had had sex before (Table 6.8).
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FERTILITY PREFERENCE 7 Due to vario
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Figure 7.2 Desire to Limit Childbea
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Table 7.4 Desire to limit childbear
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Table 7.5 Need for family planning
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Table 7.6 also shows that the ideal
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Table 7.9 shows wanted fertility ra
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and deaths affects mortality estima
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8.3 SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENTIALS IN
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8.4 DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIALS IN MO
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at any time during the five years b
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Table 8.5 High-risk fertility behav
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siblings with missing information f
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Table 9.2 Direct estimates of mater
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Table 10.1 Antenatal care Percent d
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Table 10.3 Antenatal care content P
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Affar Region. Education of the moth
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Table 10.6 Place of delivery Percen
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irths to women with no education. N
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Table 10.9 Postnatal care by backgr
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10.10 EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT In some
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Table 10.12 Perceived problem in ac
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Figure 10.2 Vaccination Coverage Am
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Table 10.15 Vaccinations in first y
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Only 16 percent of all children und
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Very few children with fever are ta
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10.17 PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA Diarrh
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Table 10.23 Diarrhea treatment Amon
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INFANT FEEDING AND CHILDHOOD AND MA
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Information on supplementation was
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The median and mean duration of bre
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Table 11.5 Frequency of foods consu
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Table 11.7 Iodized salt Percent dis
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A mother’s nutritional status dur
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e related to age and that weight be
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Chronic malnutrition among Ethiopia
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of 140 to 150 centimeters. The BMI,
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Table 12.1 Knowledge of AIDS Percen
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Table 12.2.2 Source of information
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Table 12.4.1 Knowledge of programma
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Table 12.5 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS-re
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or partner than others. Discussion
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Tables 12.9.1 and 12.9.2 show the k
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Table 12.10 Self-reporting of sexua
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Table 12.12 Number of sexual partne
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Sexual intercourse with noncohabiti
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REFERENCES Boerma, J. Ties. 1988. M
Page 199 and 200:
A.4 SAMPLING FRAME The Ethiopia DHS
Page 201 and 202:
The Men’s Questionnaire collected
Page 203 and 204:
Table A.1.1 Sample implementation:
Page 205 and 206:
ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS APPEND
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In general, the relative standard e
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Table B.2 Sampling errors: National
Page 211:
Table B.4 Sampling errors: Rural sa
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Table C.2 Age distribution of eligi
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Table C.5 Reporting of age at death
Page 218 and 219:
Table C.8 Indicators of data qualit
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Statisticians Abay Getachew Amanuel
Page 222 and 223:
Female Interviewers (contd.) Rahel
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE Now we would lik
Page 226 and 227:
CURRENT SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IF AGE 5-
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PARENTAL SURVIVORSHIP AND RESIDENCE
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
CENTRAL STATISTICAL AUTHORITY ETHIO
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
211 Now I would like to record the
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
LAST BIRTH NAME ___________________
Page 250 and 251:
427 Was (NAME) delivered by caesari
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442 Are you still breastfeeding (NA
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION AND HEALTH
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463 Has (NAME) been ill with a feve
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479 Where did you seek advice or tr
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
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Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
804 What was the name given to your
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SECTION 9: FEMALE CIRCUMCISION NO.
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Page 276 and 277:
SECTION 11. SEXUAL ACTIVITY NO. QUE
Page 278 and 279:
INTERVIEWER’S OBSERVATIONS TO BE
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
SECTION 4. MARRIAGE NO. QUESTIONS A
Page 288 and 289:
SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
SECTION 7: AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
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