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Table 3.2 Differential characteristics
between spouses
Percent distribution of couples by age
difference between spouses and level of
education, Ethiopia 2000
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Differential
characteristics
Percent
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Age difference
Wife older (2.0)
Wife 0-4 years younger 22.0
Wife 5-9 years years younger 42.8
Wife 10-14 years younger 22.0
Wife 15+ years younger 11.4
Mean age difference
1st wife 8.2
2nd wife (13.8)
All wives 8.3
Level of education
Neither husband nor wife
educated 56.7
Wife educated, husband not 2.9
Husband educated, wife not 24.8
Both husband and
wife educated 15.6
Total 100.0
Number of couples 1,355
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Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25-
49 unweighted cases.
3.2 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT BY BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3.3 shows the educational level of female and male respondents by selected background
characteristics. Three-fourths of women and more than half of men have no formal education. Among
men and women who attended school, the majority (14 percent of all women and 29 percent of men)
has not completed primary education. Twice as many men as women have completed secondary
education or higher.
The level of education varies greatly according to residence. Two-thirds of women and 84 percent
of men who live in urban areas have been to school, while 41 percent of women and 61 percent of men
have reached the secondary level of education. But for the more than 80 percent of Ethiopia’s population
that lives in rural areas, educational attainment is substantially lower, with 84 percent of women and
58 percent of men having never attended school. Only 2 percent of women and 7 percent of men have
attained secondary-level schooling in rural areas. Residents of the heavily urban areas of the country
like Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, and the Harari Region have higher levels of educational attainment,
especially at the secondary level or higher.
Respondent’s Characteristics and Status * 19