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The data indicate no marked differences in the exposure of children to sunlight by mother’s age and birth order. However, children in urban areas are more likely to be exposed to sunlight earlier than in rural areas. More than 70 percent of children living in the Affar and SNNP regions are not exposed to sunlight for 29 days or more after birth, whereas children living in the Gambela Region are most likely to be exposed to sunlight soon after birth (within one to six days). Children of mothers with secondary and higher education are also slightly more likely to be exposed to sunlight soon after birth than children of mothers with little or no education. 10.11 PERCEIVED PROBLEMS IN ACCESSING WOMEN’S HEALTH CARE Many different factors can prevent women from getting medical advice or treatment for themselves when they are sick. In the Ethiopia <strong>DHS</strong>, women who did not seek medical care when they were sick the last time were asked for the reasons they did not do so. The results are shown in Table 10.12. The most important reason for not seeking health care among women who were sick the last time was lack of money. Seven in ten women mentioned this reason. Older women, women with more than two children, women who have been formerly married, and rural women are more likely to cite this as a reason than their counterparts. Women residing in Dire Dawa and the Harari Region are also more likely than women residing in the other regions to mention this as a problem. Surprisingly, women who work for cash are more likely to cite this as a reason for not seeking medical care the last time they were sick than women who are not working or who do not work for cash. More than one in four women also stated that the lack of a health facility nearby was a reason for not seeking health care the last time they were sick. Rural women are more than four times as likely as urban women to mention this as a reason for not seeking health care. Three in four women residing in the Somali Region also mentioned this as a reason. Less than one in ten women mentioned that they did not seek medical care the last time they were sick because they did not get permission to go, while 7 percent of women mentioned that not having transport was a reason for not seeking medical care. Maternal and Child Health * 125
Table 10.12 Perceived problem in accessing women's health care by background characteristics Percentage of women with a child living in the household who reported they did not seek medical treatment for themselves, by reason for not seeking medical treatment, according to background characteristics, Ethiopia 2000 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Concern No that there Did not Did not money No Did not may not be know get per- for health want a female Background where mission treat- facility No to go health characteristic to go to go ment nearby transport alone provider Number __________________________________________________________________________________________ Age 15-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 Number of living children 0 1-2 3-4 5+ Marital status Never married Married Divorced, separated, widowed Residence Urban Rural Region Tigray Affar Amhara Oromiya Somali Benishangul-Gumuz SNNP Gambela Harari Addis Ababa Dire Dawa Eucation No education Primary Secondary and higher Current employment Not employed Works for cash Does not work for cash Total 4.6 17.1 59.4 26.5 4.5 6.3 0.8 728 4.0 8.7 67.5 29.2 6.4 4.8 0.5 1,206 1.3 6.2 76.5 25.9 7.4 4.2 0.1 952 2.1 6.6 78.6 25.4 7.6 5.4 0.1 646 4.8 16.6 63.4 25.3 4.3 5.3 0.9 1,029 3.4 8.5 69.9 25.0 7.1 5.7 0.3 914 1.3 3.8 75.8 28.2 6.9 4.5 0.1 781 2.1 6.5 74.3 30.5 8.3 4.6 0.1 806 5.2 17.2 65.0 24.4 3.2 5.4 0.7 744 2.5 7.6 70.1 29.4 7.6 4.9 0.3 2,333 2.3 5.8 79.9 19.5 6.5 5.2 0.5 455 1.5 10.4 84.1 6.1 1.6 3.9 0.4 204 3.2 9.3 69.4 28.3 6.8 5.1 0.4 3,327 1.3 9.3 68.5 22.2 7.4 5.5 1.9 262 4.6 5.3 60.1 54.3 18.3 10.7 1.7 51 6.5 8.7 66.6 26.5 6.1 6.3 0.5 890 2.1 11.4 67.8 27.7 6.1 5.5 0.2 1,325 2.6 1.9 75.5 73.0 36.1 6.2 0.1 66 10.2 3.8 56.7 38.8 10.3 1.5 0.0 28 1.3 8.1 78.5 23.1 4.4 2.7 0.1 871 1.5 4.8 81.4 31.5 7.2 1.2 1.5 6 0.0 2.9 95.4 13.8 3.7 3.1 0.0 7 4.6 11.0 68.4 15.3 0.0 8.7 0.0 19 0.0 0.0 94.9 5.1 4.4 0.0 0.0 7 3.3 8.8 70.4 27.5 7.0 5.2 0.3 3,121 1.2 13.5 69.0 22.2 3.2 5.1 0.7 339 0.0 16.0 70.0 29.0 2.8 0.4 1.8 71 2.5 12.3 69.7 24.1 7.4 6.2 0.4 1,493 1.6 6.5 77.1 26.5 4.7 3.2 0.2 692 4.4 7.6 67.4 30.6 6.4 4.7 0.4 1,346 3.1 9.4 70.3 27.0 6.5 5.1 0.4 3,531 126 * Maternal and Child Health
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Ethiopia Demographic and Health Sur
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Ethiopia Demographic and Health Sur
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CONTENTS Page Tables and Figures ..
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CHAPTER 8 INFANT AND CHILD MORTALIT
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TABLES AND FIGURES Page CHAPTER 1 I
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Table 5.22 Women’s approval of fa
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Page CHAPTER 11 INFANT FEEDING AND
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FOREWORD The 2000 Ethiopia Demograp
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The 2000 Ethiop
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Twelve percent of children are full
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WOMEN’S STATUS The DHS data shed
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The majority of the population live
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Table 1.2 Results of the household
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Table 2.1 Household population by a
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Table 2.3 Children’s living arran
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An investigation of the changes in
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The age-specific attendance rates (
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ural than in urban households. The
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Table 2.11 Utilization and source o
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Table 3.1 Background characteristic
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Table 3.3 Educational attainment by
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Table 3.4 Literacy Percent distribu
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3.5 EMPLOYMENT Respondents were ask
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Table 3.6.2 Employment: men Percent
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Table 3.7.2 Occupation: men Percent
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Employment is assumed to go hand in
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Table 3.10 Women's agreement with r
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primary education. There is substan
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FERTILITY 4 Fertility is the most i
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4.2 FERTILITY DIFFERENTIALS Table 4
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4.4 CHILDREN EVER BORN AND LIVING T
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Comparison of these results with th
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Table 4.7 Age at first birth Percen
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FERTILITY REGULATION 5 Information
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Table 5.2 Couples’ knowledge of c
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Table 5.4 Ever use of contraception
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Table 5.5 Current use of contracept
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Table 5.6.1 Current use of contrace
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Table 5.6.2 Current use of contrace
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“Prudence” is used by 13 percen
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Table 5.12 Number of children at fi
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5.10 INTENTION TO USE FAMILY PLANNI
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The majority (46 percent) of women
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Education of respondents is closely
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To get an insight into the level of
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When there is a perceived disagreem
Page 95 and 96: OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF FER
Page 97 and 98: 6.2 POLYGYNY The extent of polygyny
Page 99 and 100: Table 6.3 Age at first marriage Per
Page 101 and 102: Table 6.5 Age at first sexual inter
Page 103 and 104: Table 6.7 Recent sexual activity: w
Page 105 and 106: ut had had sex before (Table 6.8).
Page 107 and 108: FERTILITY PREFERENCE 7 Due to vario
Page 109 and 110: Figure 7.2 Desire to Limit Childbea
Page 111 and 112: Table 7.4 Desire to limit childbear
Page 113 and 114: Table 7.5 Need for family planning
Page 115 and 116: Table 7.6 also shows that the ideal
Page 117 and 118: Table 7.9 shows wanted fertility ra
Page 119 and 120: and deaths affects mortality estima
Page 121 and 122: 8.3 SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENTIALS IN
Page 123 and 124: 8.4 DEMOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIALS IN MO
Page 125 and 126: at any time during the five years b
Page 127 and 128: Table 8.5 High-risk fertility behav
Page 129 and 130: siblings with missing information f
Page 131 and 132: Table 9.2 Direct estimates of mater
Page 133 and 134: Table 10.1 Antenatal care Percent d
Page 135 and 136: Table 10.3 Antenatal care content P
Page 137 and 138: Affar Region. Education of the moth
Page 139 and 140: Table 10.6 Place of delivery Percen
Page 141 and 142: irths to women with no education. N
Page 143 and 144: Table 10.9 Postnatal care by backgr
Page 145: 10.10 EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT In some
Page 149 and 150: Figure 10.2 Vaccination Coverage Am
Page 151 and 152: Table 10.15 Vaccinations in first y
Page 153 and 154: Only 16 percent of all children und
Page 155 and 156: Very few children with fever are ta
Page 157 and 158: 10.17 PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA Diarrh
Page 159 and 160: Table 10.23 Diarrhea treatment Amon
Page 161 and 162: INFANT FEEDING AND CHILDHOOD AND MA
Page 163 and 164: Information on supplementation was
Page 165 and 166: The median and mean duration of bre
Page 167 and 168: Table 11.5 Frequency of foods consu
Page 169 and 170: Table 11.7 Iodized salt Percent dis
Page 171 and 172: A mother’s nutritional status dur
Page 173 and 174: e related to age and that weight be
Page 175 and 176: Chronic malnutrition among Ethiopia
Page 177 and 178: of 140 to 150 centimeters. The BMI,
Page 179 and 180: Table 12.1 Knowledge of AIDS Percen
Page 181 and 182: Table 12.2.2 Source of information
Page 183 and 184: Table 12.4.1 Knowledge of programma
Page 185 and 186: Table 12.5 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS-re
Page 187 and 188: or partner than others. Discussion
Page 189 and 190: Tables 12.9.1 and 12.9.2 show the k
Page 191 and 192: Table 12.10 Self-reporting of sexua
Page 193 and 194: Table 12.12 Number of sexual partne
Page 195 and 196: Sexual intercourse with noncohabiti
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REFERENCES Boerma, J. Ties. 1988. M
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A.4 SAMPLING FRAME The Ethiopia DHS
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The Men’s Questionnaire collected
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Table A.1.1 Sample implementation:
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS APPEND
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In general, the relative standard e
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Table B.2 Sampling errors: National
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Table B.4 Sampling errors: Rural sa
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Table C.2 Age distribution of eligi
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Table C.5 Reporting of age at death
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Table C.8 Indicators of data qualit
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Statisticians Abay Getachew Amanuel
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Female Interviewers (contd.) Rahel
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE Now we would lik
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CURRENT SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IF AGE 5-
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PARENTAL SURVIVORSHIP AND RESIDENCE
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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CENTRAL STATISTICAL AUTHORITY ETHIO
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211 Now I would like to record the
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LAST BIRTH NAME ___________________
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427 Was (NAME) delivered by caesari
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442 Are you still breastfeeding (NA
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SECTION 4B. IMMUNIZATION AND HEALTH
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463 Has (NAME) been ill with a feve
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479 Where did you seek advice or tr
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SECTION 6. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
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804 What was the name given to your
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SECTION 9: FEMALE CIRCUMCISION NO.
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SECTION 11. SEXUAL ACTIVITY NO. QUE
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INTERVIEWER’S OBSERVATIONS TO BE
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT’S BACKGROUN
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SECTION 2: REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
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SECTION 4. MARRIAGE NO. QUESTIONS A
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SECTION 5. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
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SECTION 7: AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY
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