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Table 6.10 shows variations in
the median duration of postpartum
amenorrhea, abstinence, and insusceptibility
by various background characteristics.
Women younger than 30
years are insusceptible for a shorter
duration than women 30 years and
older, primarily due to a shorter period
of amenorrhea.
Rural women remain amenorrheic
and insusceptible about twice as
long after birth as urban women. The
difference may be associated with a
shorter duration of breastfeeding in
urban than in rural areas.
Women in the Amhara Region
have the longest duration of amenorrhea
(22 months), while women in
Addis Ababa have the shortest duration
(8 months). Postpartum abstinence
ranges from 2 months in the
Amhara Region to 11 months in the
Gambela Region. Postpartum insusceptibility
to pregnancy is shortest in
Addis Ababa (9 months) and longest
in the Gambela Region (24 months).
The median duration of postpartum
amenorrhea and insusceptibility falls
as women’s education increases.
Table 6.10 Median duration of postpartum insusceptibility by background
characteristics
Median number of months of postpartum amenorrhea, postpartum abstinence,
and postpartum insusceptibility, by background characteristics,
Ethiopia 2000
____________________________________________________________
Median duration of postpartum:
__________________________
Background Amenor- Absti- Insuscepcharacteristic
rhea nence tibility Number
____________________________________________________________
Age
15-29
30-49
Residence
Urban
Rural
Region
Tigray
Affar
Amhara
Oromiya
Somali
Benishangul-Gumuz
SNNP
Gambela
Harari
Addis Ababa
Dire Dawa
Education
No education
Primary
Secondary and higher
17.6 2.3 18.6 4,191
20.3 2.5 20.7 2,900
8.4 3.8 10.5 717
19.8 2.3 20.1 6,374
20.9 2.7 21.2 441
15.8 6.9 16.9 70
22.4 2.0 22.6 1,819
17.4 2.5 18.6 2,952
8.3 3.0 9.8 79
18.0 2.4 18.1 70
17.9 2.4 18.1 1,498
14.6 10.5 23.8 17
13.8 2.9 14.5 15
7.5 3.7 9.4 107
11.0 3.3 11.8 24
19.9 2.3 20.4 5,789
15.5 2.4 16.1 925
8.4 4.8 12.2 377
Total
19.0 2.4 19.6 7,091
____________________________________________________________
Note: Medians are based on current status.
6.7 TERMINATION OF EXPOSURE TO PREGNANCY
The risk of childbearing declines as age increases. The term
infecundity denotes a process rather than a well-defined event.
Although the onset of infecundity is difficult to determine for an
individual woman, there are ways of estimating it for a group of
women. Table 6.11 presents data on menopause, an indicator of
decreasing exposure to the risk of pregnancy (infecundity) for
women age 30 and over.
A woman is considered menopausal if she is not pregnant,
not postpartum amenorrheic, and did not have a menstrual period
for at least six months before the survey. Twenty-four percent of
Ethiopian women age 30-49 are menopausal. As expected, the
proportion of women who reached menopause increases with age,
particularly after age 40. It rises from 17 percent among women
age 40-41 to 68 percent among women at the end of their reproductive
years (age 48-49).
Table 6.11 Menopause
Percentage of women age 30-49 who
are menopausal, Ethiopia 2000
_________________________________
Percentage
meno-
Age pausal 1 Number
_________________________________
30-34
5.2 875
35-39
40-41
42-43
44-45
46-47
48-49
9.5 965
16.5 463
22.9 400
23.4 522
45.3 371
67.5 451
30-49
23.5 4,047
_________________________________
1 Percentage of all women who are not
pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic
whose last menstrual period occurred six
or more months preceding the survey
(excludes other women who report that
they are menopausal).
84 * Other Proximate Determinants of Fertility