IGIDR Annual Report 2009-2010 - Indira Gandhi Institute of ...
IGIDR Annual Report 2009-2010 - Indira Gandhi Institute of ...
IGIDR Annual Report 2009-2010 - Indira Gandhi Institute of ...
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Research Activities<br />
energy. security.. The. aspects. <strong>of</strong>. energy. use. –.<br />
technological,. geo-political,. social,. cultural. and.<br />
environmental,.have.been.considered..This.should.<br />
help. planners. and. policy. makers. to. understand.<br />
India’s. energy. scenario. better. and. design. policies.<br />
to. develop. sustainable. technologies. and. practices.<br />
to.ensure.energy.resources.last.long..<br />
In. their. study. “Understanding. industrial. energy.<br />
use:. Physical. energy. intensity. changes. in. Indian.<br />
manufacturing. sector”. (Energy. Economics,.<br />
forthcoming),. B.. Sudhakara. Reddy. and. Binay.<br />
Kumar. Ray. focus. on. developing. policies. for<br />
energy. efficiency. by. observing. the. changes<br />
<strong>of</strong>. energy. use. in. India’s. manufacturing. sector<br />
during. 1991–2005. and. investigate. mitigation<br />
options. for. energy-related. CO 2. emissions.. They.<br />
develop. and. analyze. physical. energy. intensity.<br />
indicators. in. five. industrial. sub-sectors,. viz.,. iron.<br />
and. steel,. aluminum,. textiles,. paper. and. cement..<br />
They. use. decomposition. analysis. to. separate. the.<br />
structural.effect.(product.mix).from.pure.intensity.<br />
effect. (efficiency. improvement. through. technical.<br />
improvement).. Though. the. energy. intensity. <strong>of</strong>.<br />
manufacturing.sector.is.found.to.have.declined.in.<br />
aggregate. terms,. there. is. intensity. rise. in. specific.<br />
industry. like. textile.. Similarly,. there. has. been.<br />
a. movement. towards. higher. energy. intensive.<br />
products. in. Aluminum. industry.. Energy. intensity.<br />
has. declined. in. industries. like. iron. and. steel,.<br />
paper. and. pulp. and. cement,. in. general,. but. there.<br />
is. significant. scope. for. further. reduction. in. the.<br />
Indian.manufacturing.sector..<br />
Numerous. efforts. have. been. made. worldwide. in.<br />
constructing. sustainable. development. indicators.<br />
(SDIs). for. urban. Areas.. The. dearth. <strong>of</strong>. studies. in.<br />
India. added. to. the. prevailing. sustainability. risks. in.<br />
million. plus. cities. motivated. Hippu. Salk. Kristle.<br />
Nathan. and. B.. Sudhakara. Reddy. to. develop. a.<br />
framework. to. generate. a. set. <strong>of</strong>. SDIs. to. study. the.<br />
urban. resource. dynamics.. Taking. Mumbai. as. a.<br />
case. study,. in. their. paper. “A. conceptual. framework.<br />
for. the. development. <strong>of</strong>. sustainable. development.<br />
indicators. for. an. urban. setup,”. (International<br />
Journal <strong>of</strong> Sustainable Development,. forthcoming).<br />
the. authors. have. introduced. a. multi-view. blackbox.<br />
(MVBB). framework. by. eliminating. the. system.<br />
component. from. the. extended. urban. metabolism.<br />
model. (EUMM). and. introduced. three-dimensional.<br />
views. <strong>of</strong>. economic. efficiency. (EE-view),. social.<br />
wellbeing. (SW-view),. and. ecological. acceptability.<br />
(EA-view).. They. adopt. a. Domain-based.<br />
classification. to. facilitate. a. scientifically. credible.<br />
set. <strong>of</strong>. indicators.. The. model. has. been. developed.<br />
for. an. energy. domain. applying. MVBB. framework..<br />
After. introducing. the. notion. <strong>of</strong>. sustainability,. the.<br />
study. reviews. several. past. indicator. initiatives. and.<br />
the. frameworks. and. approaches. adopted. therein..<br />
The. next. step. in. the. present. research,. which. is. still.<br />
in. the. pipeline,. is. to. devise. the. selection. criteria.<br />
for. indicators.. A. multi-stakeholder. approach. will.<br />
be. followed. for. future. stage. <strong>of</strong>. the. study. to. take.<br />
the. advantage. <strong>of</strong>. both. top-down. and. bottom-up.<br />
approaches..Also,.it.has.been.envisaged.to.consider.<br />
a. set. <strong>of</strong>. indicators. rather. than. an. aggregated. index..<br />
Finally,. using. the. shortlisted. indicators,. the. authors.<br />
intend.to.develop.a.sustainability.report.card.for.the.<br />
city.<br />
agriculture and rural Development<br />
For. nearly. two. decades,. Indian. agriculture. has.<br />
been. marked. by. deceleration. in. growth. and.<br />
distress. <strong>of</strong>. farmers.. The. crisis. is. structural. and.<br />
institutional. in. nature,. with. farmers’. suicides.<br />
symptomatic. <strong>of</strong>. deep-seated. maladies. that. have.<br />
engulfed. the. agricultural. sector.. D.. Narasimha.<br />
Reddy.and.Srijit.Mishra.(eds.),.Agrarian Crisis in<br />
India,.Oxford.University.Press,.New.Delhi,.<strong>2009</strong>,.<br />
bring.together.for.the.first.time.a.detailed.analysis.<br />
<strong>of</strong>.the.crisis.in.all.its.dimensions..The.complexity.<br />
<strong>of</strong>. the. issue. is. unraveled. by. addressing. both.<br />
the. macro. context. and. the. regional-level.<br />
manifestations. <strong>of</strong>. the. agrarian. crisis.. The. macro.<br />
dimensions.include.detailed.analysis.<strong>of</strong>.structural,.<br />
<strong>Indira</strong> <strong>Gandhi</strong> <strong>Institute</strong> <strong>of</strong> Development Research 11