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<strong>Oman</strong> Hotel Information<br />

Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong> and<br />

June 2008<br />

Audit.Tax.Consulting.Financial Advisory.


Table <strong>of</strong> Contents<br />

1 Existing Hotels - Their Classes<br />

2 Existing Hotels - Their <strong>Guests</strong><br />

3<br />

Existing Hotel <strong>Guests</strong> - Their Stay Patterns<br />

4<br />

<strong>Tourism</strong> - A Key Factor Driving Hotel Growth<br />

5 Pr<strong>of</strong>orma Future Hotel Requirements Analysis at<br />

31 March 2008


1. Existing Hotels – Their<br />

Classes<br />

A<br />

B<br />

C<br />

D<br />

E<br />

F<br />

Hotels – by class<br />

5 star – by region<br />

4 star – by region<br />

3 star – by region<br />

2 star – by region<br />

Other hotels – by region


A. Hotels – By Class<br />

5 star hotels, though low in number<br />

(12) account for 26% <strong>of</strong> rooms in the<br />

Sultanate<br />

Almost 55% <strong>of</strong> hotels are either 1<br />

star or unclassified; they account for<br />

25% <strong>of</strong> the hotel rooms<br />

101 (55%)<br />

Hotels by class<br />

12 (7%)<br />

17 (9%)<br />

22 (12%)<br />

Hotel rooms by class in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

5 Star<br />

32 (17%)<br />

2,295 (25%)<br />

1,221 (14%)<br />

2,348 (26%)<br />

1,812 (20%)<br />

4 Star<br />

3 Star<br />

2 Star<br />

Other<br />

1,367 (15%)<br />

Source: Research by Deloitte © 2008<br />

2


B. 5 Star – By Region<br />

Muscat home to almost 79% <strong>of</strong> 5 star hotel rooms in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

Next highest is Dh<strong>of</strong>ar followed by Al Batina and Musundam<br />

3%<br />

5 star hotel rooms by region<br />

13%<br />

5%<br />

Muscat<br />

Al Batina<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar<br />

Musandam<br />

79%<br />

Source: Research by Deloitte © 2008<br />

3


C. 4 Star – By Region<br />

Highest concentration <strong>of</strong> 4 star hotel rooms in Muscat<br />

More or less equal distribution <strong>of</strong> 4 star hotel rooms among other regions – Al Batina,<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar, Musundam and Al Dakhliya<br />

6%<br />

7%<br />

4 star hotel rooms by region<br />

7%<br />

Muscat<br />

Al Batina<br />

8%<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar<br />

Musandam<br />

72%<br />

Al Dakhliya<br />

Source: Research by Deloitte © 2008<br />

4


D. 3 Star – By Region<br />

Muscat home to highest proportion (40%) <strong>of</strong> 3 star hotel rooms<br />

Other important regions <strong>of</strong>fering 3 star experiences include Dh<strong>of</strong>ar, Al Sharqiya and Al<br />

Dhahira<br />

3 star hotel rooms by region<br />

17%<br />

40%<br />

Muscat<br />

Al Batina<br />

11%<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar<br />

Al Dakhliya<br />

4%<br />

Al Dhahira<br />

Al Sharqiya<br />

26%<br />

2%<br />

Source: Research by Deloitte © 2008<br />

5


E. 2 Star – By Region<br />

Concentration <strong>of</strong> 2 star hotel rooms highest (44%) in Muscat<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar home to next highest proportion (27%) <strong>of</strong> 2 star hotel rooms<br />

10%<br />

2 star hotel rooms by region<br />

5%<br />

12%<br />

2%<br />

44%<br />

Muscat<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar<br />

Musandam<br />

Al Dakhliya<br />

Al Dhahira<br />

Al Sharqiya<br />

27%<br />

Source: Research by Deloitte © 2008<br />

6


F. Other Hotels – By Region<br />

Muscat hosts a high proportion (41%) <strong>of</strong> other hotels – 1 star and unclassified<br />

Important regions home to other hotels include Dh<strong>of</strong>ar, Al Dhahira and Al Sharqiya,<br />

among other regions<br />

2%<br />

Other hotel rooms by region<br />

12%<br />

Muscat<br />

41%<br />

Al Batina<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar<br />

16%<br />

Musandam<br />

Al Dakhliya<br />

Al Dhahira<br />

7%<br />

Al Sharqiya<br />

Al Wusta<br />

1%<br />

14%<br />

7%<br />

Source: Research by Deloitte © 2008<br />

7


2. Existing Hotels – Their<br />

<strong>Guests</strong><br />

A<br />

B<br />

C<br />

D<br />

E<br />

Source markets for 5 star hotels<br />

Source markets for 4 star hotels<br />

Source markets for 3 star hotels<br />

Source markets for 2 star hotels<br />

Source markets for other hotels


A. 5 Star – Key Source Markets<br />

5 Star Hotels continue to entertain guests from GCC and Europe<br />

<strong>Guests</strong> from <strong>Oman</strong> and other regions (Americas and Ocaenia included) are growing<br />

segments<br />

Source markets for 5 star hotels<br />

300,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

250,000<br />

200,000<br />

150,000<br />

100,000<br />

50,000<br />

0<br />

<strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> GCC Other Arabs Europeans Asians Others<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

9


B. 4 Star – Key Source Markets<br />

4 Star Hotels receive guests from most source markets<br />

European and Asian guests have increased over the years<br />

Source markets for 4 star hotels<br />

120,000<br />

100,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

80,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

0<br />

<strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> GCC Other Arabs Europeans Asians Other<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

10


C. 3 Star – Key Source Markets<br />

3 Stars fueled by strong local demand<br />

<strong>Oman</strong>, Europe and Asia are key source markets for 3 Star Hotels<br />

Source markets for 3 star hotels<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

45,000<br />

40,000<br />

35,000<br />

30,000<br />

25,000<br />

20,000<br />

15,000<br />

10,000<br />

5,000<br />

0<br />

<strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> GCC Other Arabs Europeans Asians Other<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

11


D. 2 Star – Key Source Markets<br />

Surge in <strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> guests for 2 Star Hotels over 2002- 2005<br />

GCC, Europe and Asia are other important growing segments<br />

Source markets for 2 star hotels<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

40,000<br />

35,000<br />

30,000<br />

25,000<br />

20,000<br />

15,000<br />

10,000<br />

5,000<br />

0<br />

<strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> GCC Other Arabs Europeans Asians Other<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

12


E. Other Hotels – Key Source Markets<br />

Large proportion <strong>of</strong> guests are <strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> in other hotels<br />

Significant usage <strong>of</strong> other hotels by guests from GCC, Europe and Asia<br />

Source markets for other hotels<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

160,000<br />

140,000<br />

120,000<br />

100,000<br />

80,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

0<br />

<strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> GCC Other Arabs Europeans Asians Other<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

13


3. Existing Hotel <strong>Guests</strong> –<br />

Their Stay Patterns<br />

A<br />

B<br />

C<br />

D<br />

E<br />

F<br />

<strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> guests<br />

GCC guests<br />

<strong>Guests</strong> from other Arabic countries<br />

European guests<br />

Asian guests<br />

Other guests


A. Pattern <strong>of</strong> Stay – <strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> <strong>Guests</strong><br />

More <strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> guests stay in other hotels (1 star or unclassified)<br />

Pattern <strong>of</strong> stay - <strong><strong>Oman</strong>i</strong> guests<br />

160,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

140,000<br />

120,000<br />

100,000<br />

80,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

0<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

5 star 4 Star 3 Star 2 Star Other<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

15


B. Pattern <strong>of</strong> Stay – GCC <strong>Guests</strong><br />

Growing stay patterns in 5 star hotels and other hotels<br />

Pattern <strong>of</strong> stay - GCC guests<br />

120,000<br />

100,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

80,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

0<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

5 star 4 Star 3 Star 2 Star Other<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

16


C. Pattern <strong>of</strong> Stay – <strong>Guests</strong> from other Arabic countries<br />

Stay in 4 star hotels highest among other hotel classes over 2002-05<br />

Pattern <strong>of</strong> stay - <strong>Guests</strong> from other Arabic countries<br />

30,000<br />

25,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

20,000<br />

15,000<br />

10,000<br />

5,000<br />

0<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

5 star 4 Star 3 Star 2 Star Other<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

17


D. Pattern <strong>of</strong> Stay – European <strong>Guests</strong><br />

Europeans prefer 5 and 4 star hotels over the others<br />

European guests in 5 star hotels have grown two-fold during the period 2002-05<br />

Pattern <strong>of</strong> stay - European guests<br />

300,000<br />

250,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

200,000<br />

150,000<br />

100,000<br />

50,000<br />

0<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

5 star 4 Star 3 Star 2 Star Other<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

18


E. Pattern <strong>of</strong> Stay – Asian <strong>Guests</strong><br />

Asian guests stay primarily in 4 star and other hotels<br />

Asian guests in 4 star hotels have increased by 1.5 times over 2002-05<br />

Pattern <strong>of</strong> stay - Asian guests<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

100,000<br />

90,000<br />

80,000<br />

70,000<br />

60,000<br />

50,000<br />

40,000<br />

30,000<br />

20,000<br />

10,000<br />

0<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

5 star 4 Star 3 Star 2 Star Other<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

19


F. Pattern <strong>of</strong> Stay – Other <strong>Guests</strong><br />

This segment includes guests from Americas and Oceania<br />

Their stay in 5 and 4 star hotels have been growing<br />

Pattern <strong>of</strong> stay - Other guests<br />

120,000<br />

100,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

80,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

0<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005<br />

5 star 4 Star 3 Star 2 Star Other<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

20


4. <strong>Tourism</strong> - A Key Factor<br />

Driving Hotel Growth<br />

A<br />

B<br />

C<br />

D<br />

E<br />

<strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

Key source markets<br />

Planned expansion through Integrated Tourist Complexes<br />

Future outlook – Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Economy<br />

Future outlook – <strong>Oman</strong> vs. neighbors


A. <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

<strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong> experiencing rising trends over the years<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> international guests visiting <strong>Oman</strong> stood at over 1.6 million in 2006<br />

Total guests to <strong>Oman</strong><br />

1,800,000<br />

1,600,000<br />

1,400,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

1,200,000<br />

1,000,000<br />

800,000<br />

600,000<br />

400,000<br />

200,000<br />

0<br />

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

22


B. <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong> – Key Source Markets<br />

Arab world continues to rank as key source market for tourism in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

Europe and Asia are other emerging source markets<br />

International guests to <strong>Oman</strong><br />

700,000<br />

600,000<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> guests<br />

500,000<br />

400,000<br />

300,000<br />

200,000<br />

100,000<br />

0<br />

Arab<br />

Countries<br />

Africa Asia America Europe Oceania<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006<br />

Source: Research by <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

23


C. Planned Expansion through Integrated Tourist Complexes<br />

Almost 16,000 rooms expected to be developed through Integrated Tourist Complexes<br />

Muscat will be home to about 51% <strong>of</strong> these additional rooms<br />

Planned expansion <strong>of</strong> hotel rooms through Integrated <strong>Tourism</strong> Complexes<br />

Number <strong>of</strong> rooms<br />

4,000<br />

3,500<br />

3,000<br />

2,500<br />

2,000<br />

1,500<br />

1,000<br />

500<br />

-<br />

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015<br />

Muscat Dh<strong>of</strong>ar Al Batinah Other<br />

Source: <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tourism</strong> in <strong>Oman</strong><br />

24


D. Future Outlook – Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Economy<br />

WTTC forecasts <strong>Oman</strong>’s Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Economy GDP to reach OMR 2,265 million by<br />

2018, contributing to 11.1% <strong>of</strong> National Accounts<br />

Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Economy <strong>of</strong> <strong>Oman</strong><br />

OMR million<br />

2,500<br />

2,000<br />

1,500<br />

1,000<br />

500<br />

11.50<br />

11.00<br />

10.50<br />

10.00<br />

9.50<br />

9.00<br />

8.50<br />

% <strong>of</strong> National Accounts<br />

-<br />

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007(E) 2008 (F) 2018 (F)<br />

8.00<br />

Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Economy GDP<br />

% <strong>of</strong> National Accounts<br />

E - Estimate; F - Forecast<br />

Source: World Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Council<br />

25


E. Future Outlook – <strong>Oman</strong> vs. Neighbors<br />

WTTC forecasts <strong>Oman</strong>’s Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> demand would witness 5% real growth<br />

(annualized) over the years 2009-18<br />

<strong>Oman</strong> vs. neighbors<br />

Yemen<br />

Lebanon<br />

Saudi Arabia<br />

Jordan<br />

Syria<br />

United Arab Emirates<br />

Kuwait<br />

<strong>Oman</strong><br />

Qatar<br />

Bahrain<br />

2.4<br />

3.2<br />

3.2<br />

4.1<br />

4.6<br />

4.7<br />

4.7<br />

5.0<br />

5.6<br />

5.9<br />

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7<br />

10 year (2009-18) Real Growth Annualized (%)<br />

Source: World Travel & <strong>Tourism</strong> Council<br />

26


5. Pr<strong>of</strong>orma Future Hotel<br />

Requirements Analysis at<br />

31 March 2008<br />

A<br />

B<br />

C<br />

Muscat Analysis<br />

Al Batinah Analysis<br />

Dh<strong>of</strong>ar Analysis


MUSCAT ANALYSIS<br />

Approved<br />

Present 2007<br />

Granted<br />

Attrition<br />

Net<br />

Expected<br />

Supply<br />

Optimum 2015<br />

Difference<br />

Attrition<br />

Rooms<br />

Required<br />

Grading<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

40%<br />

Number<br />

Number<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

Number<br />

40%<br />

Number<br />

5 Star<br />

1,857<br />

35%<br />

6,251<br />

41%<br />

2,500<br />

3,751<br />

5,608<br />

4,650<br />

31%<br />

(958)<br />

-<br />

(1,000)<br />

4 Star<br />

1,314<br />

25%<br />

4,738<br />

32%<br />

1,895<br />

2,843<br />

4,157<br />

3,450<br />

23%<br />

(707)<br />

-<br />

(700)<br />

3 Star<br />

551<br />

11%<br />

2,824<br />

19%<br />

1,130<br />

1,694<br />

2,245<br />

2,700<br />

18%<br />

455<br />

303<br />

800<br />

2 Star <<br />

1,500<br />

29%<br />

1,225<br />

8%<br />

490<br />

735<br />

2,235<br />

4,200<br />

28%<br />

1,965<br />

1,310<br />

3,300<br />

TOTAL<br />

5,222<br />

-<br />

15,038<br />

-<br />

6,015<br />

9,023<br />

14,245<br />

15,000<br />

755<br />

1,613<br />

2,400<br />

Assumptions:<br />

50 room per 1 star approval granted;<br />

75 room per 2 star approval granted;<br />

100 room per 3 star approval granted;<br />

granted150 room per 4 star approval<br />

Attrition rate <strong>of</strong> 40%<br />

Recommendations:<br />

Licensing should be continued for:<br />

3*, 2* and 1* hotels and apartments.<br />

Small hotels and hotel apartments <strong>of</strong> 4* and<br />

5* (100 rooms and less)<br />

28


DHOFAR ANALYSIS<br />

Approved<br />

Present 2007<br />

Granted<br />

Attrition<br />

Net<br />

Expected<br />

Supply<br />

Optimum 2015<br />

Difference<br />

Attrition<br />

Rooms<br />

Required<br />

Grading<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

40%<br />

Number<br />

Number<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

Number<br />

40%<br />

Number<br />

5 Star<br />

300<br />

21%<br />

1,111<br />

39%<br />

444<br />

667<br />

967<br />

516<br />

12%<br />

(451)<br />

-<br />

(500)<br />

4 Star<br />

121<br />

8%<br />

1,000<br />

35%<br />

400<br />

600<br />

721<br />

516<br />

12%<br />

(205)<br />

-<br />

(200)<br />

3 Star<br />

352<br />

25%<br />

695<br />

24%<br />

278<br />

417<br />

769<br />

645<br />

15%<br />

(124)<br />

-<br />

(100)<br />

2 Star <<br />

657<br />

46%<br />

50<br />

2%<br />

20<br />

30<br />

687<br />

2,623<br />

61%<br />

1,936<br />

1,291<br />

3,200<br />

TOTAL<br />

1,430<br />

-<br />

2,856<br />

-<br />

1,142<br />

1,714<br />

3,144<br />

4,300<br />

1,156<br />

1,291<br />

2,400<br />

Assumptions:<br />

50 room per 1 star approval granted;<br />

75 room per 2 star approval granted;<br />

100 room per 3 star approval granted;<br />

granted150 room per 4 star approval<br />

Attrition rate <strong>of</strong> 40%<br />

Recommendations:<br />

Licensing should be continued for:<br />

2* and 1* hotels and apartments.<br />

Small hotels and apartments <strong>of</strong> 3*, 4* and<br />

5* (100 rooms and less)<br />

29


AL BATINAH ANALYSIS<br />

Approved<br />

Present 2007<br />

Granted<br />

Attrition<br />

Net<br />

Expected<br />

Supply<br />

Optimum 2015<br />

Difference<br />

Attrition<br />

Rooms<br />

Required<br />

Grading<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

40%<br />

Number<br />

Number<br />

Number<br />

%<br />

Number<br />

40%<br />

(in surplus)<br />

5 Star<br />

109<br />

24%<br />

1,212<br />

33%<br />

485<br />

727<br />

836<br />

240<br />

20%<br />

(596)<br />

-<br />

(600)<br />

4 Star<br />

143<br />

32%<br />

150<br />

4%<br />

60<br />

90<br />

233<br />

144<br />

12%<br />

(89)<br />

-<br />

(100)<br />

3 Star<br />

26<br />

6%<br />

1,900<br />

52%<br />

760<br />

1,140<br />

1,166<br />

336<br />

28%<br />

(830)<br />

-<br />

(800)<br />

2 Star <<br />

172<br />

38%<br />

400<br />

11%<br />

160<br />

240<br />

412<br />

480<br />

40%<br />

68<br />

45<br />

100<br />

TOTAL<br />

450<br />

-<br />

3,662<br />

-<br />

1,465<br />

2,197<br />

2,647<br />

1,200<br />

(1,447)<br />

45<br />

(1,400)<br />

Assumptions:<br />

50 room per 1 star approval granted;<br />

75 room per 2 star approval granted;<br />

100 room per 3 star approval granted;<br />

granted150 room per 4 star approval<br />

Attrition rate <strong>of</strong> 40%<br />

Recommendations:<br />

Licensing should be continued for:<br />

2* and 1* hotels and apartments.<br />

Small hotels and apartments <strong>of</strong> 3*, 4* and<br />

5* (100 rooms and less)<br />

30


About Deloitte<br />

In this document, Deloitte refers to one or more <strong>of</strong> Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu (DTT), a Swiss Verein (association), its member firms, and their<br />

respective subsidiaries and affiliates. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu is an organization <strong>of</strong> member firms around the world devoted to excellence in<br />

providing pr<strong>of</strong>essional services and advice, focused on client service through a global strategy executed locally in nearly 140 countries. With<br />

access to the deep intellectual capital <strong>of</strong> 120,000 people worldwide, Deloitte delivers services in four pr<strong>of</strong>essional areas-audit, tax consulting,<br />

and financial advisory services-and serves more than one-half <strong>of</strong> the world's largest companies, as well large national enterprises, public<br />

institutions, locally important client, and successful, fast-growing companies. Services are not provided by the DTT Verein, and, for regulatory<br />

and other reasons, certain member firms do not provide services in all four pr<strong>of</strong>essional area.<br />

In the Middle East, Deloitte & Touche (M.E) is the member firm <strong>of</strong> DTT, and services are provided by Deloitte & Touche (M.E) and its<br />

subsidiaries. For more information, please visit the firm’s website at www.deloitte.com<br />

This document has been compiled by Deloitte & Touche (M.E) in general terms and therefore cannot be relied on to cover specific situations;<br />

application <strong>of</strong> the principles set out will depend upon the particular circumstances involved and we recommend that you obtain pr<strong>of</strong>essional<br />

advice before acting or refraining from acting on any <strong>of</strong> the contents <strong>of</strong> this document.<br />

Deloitte & Touche (M.E) would be pleased to advise readers <strong>of</strong> this document on how to apply the principles set out in this document to their<br />

specific circumstances. Deloitte & Touche (M.E) accepts no duty <strong>of</strong> care or liability for any loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining<br />

from action as a result <strong>of</strong> any material in this document.<br />

As a Swiss Verein, neither DTT nor any <strong>of</strong> its member firms has any liability for each other's acts or omissions. Each <strong>of</strong> the member firms is a<br />

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names.

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