TR Circular E-C058_9th LRT Conference_2003.pdf - Florida ...

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Black 171 FIGURE 5 Naztec preemption and transit priority model. FIGURE 6 Phase Reduction provides an Early Return to the Priority Service Phase. FIGURE 7 Phase extension extends the Priority Service Phase during coordination.
172 Transportation Research Circular E-C-58: 9th National Light Rail Transit Conference Priority-based systems also allow the priority phase to be extended beyond the force-off point during coordination. NTCIP allows the local controller to provide a short-way transition to quickly resynchronize the controller’s offset and return to coordination in this case. Naztec controller features can re-synchronize the controller offset within one cycle by applying shortway transition. Naztec implements low-priority preemption using a Type option to define operational requirements that vary from agency to agency for low-priority and transit priority. High-Priority (HP) and Low-Priority (LP) inputs follow the industry standard defined by 3M Corporation. HP inputs are “ground true” inputs applied at zero volts while LP inputs apply a 6.25Hz, oscillating signal. This allows low-priority service (transit) to be interrupted by a high-priority preempt (heavy rail and emergency vehicles). Naztec currently implements HP and LP inputs in addition to the four light rail inputs described for the Hudson–Bergen light rail system. A Transit-Priority (TP1) type was developed for Santa Clara County, California, 10 years ago. The TP1 type allows phase skipping to return to the TP1 transit phase early; however, the phase being serviced at the time the TP1 call is received will continue to service until it is terminated normally in free or coordinated operation. Naztec is currently developing another Transit Priority type, TP2, that implements the Priority Strategy Table (PST) defined in NTCIP 1211. Separate PST tables may be assigned to transit priority service by associating the PST table with the NTCIP pattern currently in effect. This scheme allows the PST table to vary by time-of-day. Caution must be exercised when specifying Phase Reduction in the PST table because split times must insure that minimum vehicle and pedestrian time requirements are met for each phase. Figure 8 illustrates the method currently being developed to implement Phase Reduction for priority service. Users are allowed to specify Reduce times in the PST table that violate minimum phase times; however, the controller software insures that phases cannot be reduced beyond minimums established in the controller internal coordination diagnostics. CONCLUSIONS Naztec, Inc. developed light rail preemption software for the Hudson–Bergen Project in New Jersey in 1998 to detect a LRV far enough upstream and provide a vertical Go-bar indication prior to the vehicle arrival. This system provides additional features and detection not provided with heavy rail preemption such as overlapping service on a dual track system and the ability to re-service the LRV if it arrives late at the Check-In detector. Additional status information is relayed to the New Jersey Transit control center to help fine-tune and manage the system. This system works exceptionally well because the track system is located primarily on the collector street system parallel to the main arterials going into Manhattan from Newark. Naztec, Inc. is also currently developing transit priority software based on the emerging NTCIP 1211 standard, “Object Definitions for Signal Control and Prioritization.” The PST in NTCIP 1211 provides a framework for defining the level of preemption or priority needed for any application. Under NTCIP 1211, preemption may be accomplished by specifying the Priority Service Phase and omitting all vehicle and pedestrian phases in the PST. Varying levels of priority service may be accomplished by specifying phase skipping and how much each phase may be shortened or extended to service the Priority Service Phase when the transit vehicle is expected to arrive.
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9 th National Light Rail Transit Co
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E Foreword xperience, Economics and
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Contents OPENING GENERAL SESSION St
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Shared-Use Corridors: A Survey of C
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LIGHT RAIL ELECTRIFICATION Feederle
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T OPENING GENERAL SESSION Status of
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Schumann and Loetterle 5 SEATTLE/TA
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Schumann and Loetterle 7 Current Co
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Schumann and Loetterle 9 Current Co
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Schumann and Loetterle 11 Current C
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Schumann and Loetterle 13 In early
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Schumann and Loetterle 15 CALGARY F
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Schumann and Loetterle 17 9. http:/
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TABLE 3 Right of Way Locations km o
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TABLE 5 Revenue Service Vehicles Ch
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PLANNING AND FORECASTING FOR LIGHT
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Thompson 27 These ideas appealed to
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Thompson 29 beginning, however, tha
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Thompson 31 in the interviews becau
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Thompson 33 San Diego San Diego was
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Thompson 35 to the National Confere
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S PLANNING AND FORECASTING FOR LIGH
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Day and Stauder 39 Pre-1996 Transpo
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Day and Stauder 41 part of the gene
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Day and Stauder 43 Comparability Ac
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Kaplan, Englisher, and Warner 45 PR
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Washington Park Fairview Heights Me
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FIGURE 3 TAZ splits in St. Clair Co
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Kaplan, Englisher, and Warner 51 lo
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Kaplan, Englisher, and Warner 53 to
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Kaplan, Englisher, and Warner 55 No
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Kaplan, Englisher, and Warner 57 Co
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Straus and Watry 59 then, Muni has
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Straus and Watry 61 Various factors
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Straus and Watry 63 Francisco Count
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Straus and Watry 65 where it would
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Straus and Watry 67 require lifting
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Straus and Watry 69 TABLE 2 In-Vehi
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Straus and Watry 71 FIGURE 5 Bay Vi
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Straus and Watry 73 LESSONS LEARNED
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Marchwinski, Spitz, and Adler 75 BA
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Marchwinski, Spitz, and Adler 77 re
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Marchwinski, Spitz, and Adler 79 QU
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Marchwinski, Spitz, and Adler 81 St
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Marchwinski, Spitz, and Adler 83 TA
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Marchwinski, Spitz, and Adler 85 It
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LOW-FLOOR LIGHT RAIL VEHICLES Struc
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Sarunac and Zeolla 91 STRUCTURAL ST
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Sarunac and Zeolla 93 LRV-LFE DESIG
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Sarunac and Zeolla 95 The values no
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Sarunac and Zeolla 97 to evaluate a
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Sarunac and Zeolla 99 TABLE 1 Summa
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Sarunac and Zeolla 101 Comparison o
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Sarunac and Zeolla 103 approach, ap
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Morgan 105 concept can be readily i
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Morgan 107 DART LRVs are all relati
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Morgan 109 trailer truck with 4-dis
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Morgan 111 Conclusion Because of th
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Morgan 113 TABLE 1 Comparison of Se
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Morgan 115 After the real estate, t
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Morgan 117 Fleet Maintenance Standa
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LOW-FLOOR LIGHT RAIL VEHICLES Integ
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Page 138: Fraser, Leary, Marianeschi, and Pel
Page 142 and 143: D LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT AND OTHER MODE
Page 144 and 145: McBrayer 137 As of September 2002,
Page 146 and 147: McBrayer 139 Understandable Route T
Page 148 and 149: McBrayer 141 and reward investment
Page 150 and 151: McBrayer 143 The results of this ap
Page 152 and 153: McBrayer 145 of transit improvement
Page 154: McBrayer 147 system, the use of ali
Page 158 and 159: A LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT TRAFFIC ENGINE
Page 160 and 161: Boorse 153 use could be problematic
Page 162 and 163: Boorse 155 Section 10C.10—Do Not
Page 164 and 165: Boorse 157 purpose. In fact, to the
Page 166 and 167: Boorse 159 (a) (b) FIGURE 3 Figures
Page 168 and 169: Boorse 161 Section 10D.05—Traffic
Page 170 and 171: Boorse 163 (a) (b) FIGURE 4 Example
Page 172 and 173: Boorse 165 practices. This resulted
Page 174 and 175: Black 167 FIGURE 1 Hudson-Bergen LR
Page 176 and 177: Black 169 Return Phases may also be
Page 180 and 181: Black 173 FIGURE 8 Split times cann
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Page 184 and 185: Koonce, Urbanik, and Mishra 177 EXI
Page 186 and 187: Koonce, Urbanik, and Mishra 179 TAB
Page 188 and 189: Koonce, Urbanik, and Mishra 181 FIG
Page 190 and 191: Koonce, Urbanik, and Mishra 183 (a)
Page 192: Koonce, Urbanik, and Mishra 185 CON
Page 196 and 197: O LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT AND TRANSIT-OR
Page 198 and 199: Arrington 191 FIGURE 2 Eastside Vil
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Page 202 and 203: Arrington 195 Portland’s Westside
Page 204 and 205: Arrington 197 FIGURE 4 Orenco Stati
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Page 210 and 211: Arrington 203 TABLE 2 Ten Steps to
Page 212 and 213: LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT AND TRANSIT-ORIE
Page 214 and 215: Fitzsimmons and Birch 207 FIGURE 1
Page 216 and 217: Fitzsimmons and Birch 209 pockets o
Page 218 and 219: Fitzsimmons and Birch 211 The Futur
Page 220 and 221: Fitzsimmons and Birch 213 The state
Page 222 and 223: M LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT AND TRANSIT-OR
Page 224 and 225: H UNTERSPOINTSHIPYARD Beatty 217 H
Page 226 and 227: HUNTERS POINT EXPWY Beatty 219 WILL
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Beatty 221 an attractive alternativ
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Beatty 223 Bayshore Boulevard at Su
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Beatty 225 secondary bus type. The
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Beatty 227 SUNNYDALE AVENUE Platfor
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Beatty 229 SUNNYDALE AVENUE 18' 12'
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Beatty 231 The Southern Terminal is
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Edwards and Phillips 233 means for
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Edwards and Phillips 235 Road corri
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Edwards and Phillips 237 viable nei
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Edwards and Phillips 239 recreation
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Edwards and Phillips 241 bridge). T
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Edwards and Phillips 243 Additional
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Edwards and Phillips 245 • Serve
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Edwards and Phillips 247 • Ensure
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CROSSINGS AND SHARED CORRIDORS “L
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Ames and Gamlen 253
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TABLE 1 Third Street LRT Project Ra
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Ames and Gamlen 257 Condition Freig
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Ames and Gamlen 259 TABLE 2 Third S
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Ames and Gamlen 261 where the light
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Ames and Gamlen 263 Table 4 shows t
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Ames and Gamlen 265 CONCLUSION Impl
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Irwin 267 recommendations. TriMet
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Irwin 269 TRIMET STANDARDS TriMet h
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Irwin 271 FIGURE 2 Pedestrian warni
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Irwin 273 Channeling Figure 4 detai
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Irwin 275 FIGURE 5 Typical crossing
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Irwin 277 The disadvantages of swin
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Irwin 279 FIGURE 8 Standard detail
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Irwin 281 FIGURE 9 Audible or visua
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Irwin 283 . FIGURE 10 Audible or vi
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Irwin 285 In general, ODOT Rail dis
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Irwin 287 FIGURE 12 Pedestrian sigh
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CROSSINGS AND SHARED CORRIDORS Reso
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Ryan, Rabiner, and Trumbull 291 The
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Ryan, Rabiner, and Trumbull 293 FIG
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Ryan, Rabiner, and Trumbull 295 The
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Ryan, Rabiner, and Trumbull 297 FIG
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Ryan, Rabiner, and Trumbull 299 REF
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Sela, Resor, and Hickey 301 opportu
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Sela, Resor, and Hickey 303 TABLE 1
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City Atlanta Baltimore Operating Ag
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TABLE 2 (continued) Transit Systems
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Sela, Resor, and Hickey 309 Time Se
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Sela, Resor, and Hickey 311 Grade C
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Sela, Resor, and Hickey 313 records
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Sela, Resor, and Hickey 315 recomme
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CRITIQUES: HOW ARE WE DOING? Riders
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Polzin and Page 321 NTD ID TABLE 1
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Polzin and Page 323 35 30 Ridership
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Polzin and Page 325 As an indicatio
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D allas TX Denver CO 100 100 80 80
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Polzin and Page 329 Passengers per
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Polzin and Page 331 TABLE 3 Percent
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Polzin and Page 333 Figure 10 graph
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Polzin and Page 335 3500 Passenger
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Polzin and Page 337 productivity tr
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Cooper and Furmaniak 339 PROJECT OV
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Cooper and Furmaniak 341 less than
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Cooper and Furmaniak 343 substation
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Cooper and Furmaniak 345 120,000 10
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Cooper and Furmaniak 347 failures,
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Cooper and Furmaniak 349 creatively
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D CRITIQUES: HOW ARE WE DOING? Peak
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Demery and Higgins 353 The finding
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Demery and Higgins 355 TABLE 1 Regr
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Demery and Higgins 357 TABLE 3 Regr
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Demery and Higgins 359 have to be s
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Demery and Higgins 361 regularly ex
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Demery and Higgins 363 passengers (
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Demery and Higgins 365 92-ft (28-m)
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Demery and Higgins 367 NOTES 1. The
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Demery and Higgins 369 18. Moore, J
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M CRITIQUES: HOW ARE WE DOING? Ligh
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Henry 373 SUCCESS MEANS FAILURE? De
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Henry 375 trolley car” for their
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Henry 377 Cox’s claims appear to
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Henry 379 ATTACK ON SMART GROWTH AN
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Henry 381 But another question is r
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Henry 383 FIGURE 1 Average proporti
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Henry 385 REFERENCES 1. Layton, Lyn
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CIVIL DESIGN Design and Constructio
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Berliner, Campo, Dickerson, and Mac
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CIVIL DESIGN Floating Slab Trackbed
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Carman, Smoluchowski, and Berliner
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FIGURE 5 Plan view of NERL MOS-1 FS
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CIVIL DESIGN Fitting Light Rail Tra
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Emili, Spadaccino, Risoldi, Tuzi, a
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FIGURE 3 Aerial view of the constru
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FIGURE 6 Piazza Vittorio Emanuele u
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FIGURE 8 Vibration measurement resu
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FIGURE 11 Side and central precast
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T CIVIL DESIGN Embedded Track Desig
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FIGURE 1 Configuration 1: Rail full
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Daniels 441 Configuration 2: Rail o
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FIGURE 4 Idealizations for modeling
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Daniels 445 Results Available from
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Note: Fatigue life is calculated on
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35 Note: Fatigue life is calculated
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Daniels 451 Pressures: Rail Support
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12 10 Slab Pressure on Ground Suppo
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RAIL UPLIFT FORCE FROM THERMAL EFFE
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Daniels 457 SUMMARY Analysis of emb
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T CIVIL DESIGN Debate of At-Grade V
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Li and Tertadian 461 \ FIGURE 1 Exp
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Li and Tertadian 463 FIGURE 2 Exist
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Li and Tertadian 465 navigability.
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Li and Tertadian 467 being consider
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Li and Tertadian 469 TABLE 1 Estima
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474 Transportation Research Circula
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OPERATIONS AND COMMUNICATIONS From
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P OPERATIONS AND COMMUNICATIONS Imp
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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
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PROJECT MANAGEMENT Design-Build Con
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PORTLAND POSTER SESSION
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T PORTLAND POSTER SESSION Special P
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LIGHT RAIL ELECTRIFICATION
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LIGHT RAIL ELECTRIFICATION Operatio
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T LIGHT RAIL ELECTRIFICATION One Br
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FIGURE 1 Light rail in Portland.
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FIGURE 2 Voltage profile.
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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2003
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Officers George F. Dixon, III, Chai
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APTA Officers and Board of Director
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The National Academy of Sciences is
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