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State of the media in Southern Africa 2002 2002 journalism. Raath added that the sections in question infringe his freedom of statement, as enshrined in Section 20 of the constitution, and were inconsistent with freedom of association as guaranteed by Section 20 (1) of the constitution. Meldrum and Thornycroft made similar arguments in their founding affidavits. Raath is the Zimbabwe correspondent for the Times Group of Newspapers of London, South African Press Association, “Newsweek” and Deutsche Presse Agentur. Meldrum writes for the British newspaper the “Guardian”, while Thornycroft writes for the British newspaper “The Daily Telegraph”. The application cites Minister of State for Information and Publicity Jonathan Moyo as the first respondent and Attorney General Andrew Chigovera as the second respondent. Section 71 (1) states that the Media and Information Commission, whether on its own initiative or upon the investigation of a complaint made by a interested person against the mass media service, [may] suspend or cancel the registration certificate of a mass media service if it has reasonable grounds for believing that: “The registration certificate was issued in error or through fraud or there has been an misrepresentation or non disclosure of a material fact by the mass media owner concerned”; or “A mass media service concerned does not publish or go on air within 12 months from the date of registration”; or “The mass media service concerned has contravened sections 65, 75 and 89 of the Act”. Section 79 (2) states that: “Subject to Subsection 4, no journalist shall be 220 So This Is Democracy? accredited who is not a citizen of Zimbabwe or is not regarded as permanently resident in Zimbabwe by virtue of the Immigration Act”. Section 79 (6) states that: “Every news agency that operates in Zimbabwe, whether domiciled inside in or outside Zimbabwe, shall in respect of its local operations not employ or use the services of any journalist other than an accredited journalist who is a citizen of Zimbabwe, or is regarded as permanently resident in Zimbabwe by virtue of the Immigration Act”. Section 80 states that: “A journalist shall be deemed to have abused his journalist’s privilege and committed an offence if he falsifies or fabricates information, publishes falsehoods except where he is a freelance journalist, collects and disseminates information on behalf of a person other than the mass media service that employs him without the permission of his employer; contravenes any of the provisions of this Act”. Section 83 states that: “No person other than an accredited journalist shall practice as a journalist nor be employed as such, or in any manner holding himself out as, or pretend to be a journalist”. It also states that “no person who has ceased to be an accredited journalist as a result of the deletion of his name from the roll or who has been suspended from practicing as a journalist, shall, while his name is so deleted, or he is so suspended, continue to practice directly or indirectly as a journalist whether by himself or in partnership or association with any other person, nor shall he, except with the written consent of the Media and Information Commission, be employed in any capacity what’s so ever
ZIMBABWE State of the media in Southern Africa 2002 connected with the journalistic profession”. ALERT DATE: 2002-05-10 INSTITUTION(S): The Daily News VIOLATION(S): Threatened The state-owned daily newspaper “The Chronicle” has called for the government to ban Zimbabwe’s only private daily newspaper, “The Daily News”, for what it calls “abuse of journalistic privilege.” The call was made in the newspaper’s May 3, 2002 edition, which ironically is celebrated internationally as World Press Freedom Day. In a front-page lead story, “The Chronicle”, which is based in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe’s second largest city, said the arrests of “irresponsible” journalists are insufficient. Quoting “analysts” Godfrey Chikowore, Norman Mlambo and Rino Zhuwarara of the University of Zimbabwe, the newspaper said that such newspapers as “The Daily News” should not be allowed to exist. “There should be high penalties for newspapers which seek to compromise efforts by the people of Zimbabwe to peacefully participate in national, regional and international development processes,” said Chikowore. Chikowore added that “The Daily News” had sought to subvert the reality of the political, economic and social situation in Zimbabwe. Zhuwarara said that “people are in a hurry to publish without verifying facts.” He also called “The Daily News” a “tabloid, which does not seek to develop but to destroy.” Zhuwarara is a member of the government-appointed Media Ethics Committee. “The Chronicle” went on to list alleged lies “The Daily News” has published. According to reports from the Media Monitoring Project in Zimbabwe (MMPZ), the state media has, specifically in the week of April 29 to May 5, been preoccupied with a controversial “Daily News” story and the arrest of its journalists. The journalists’ arrests follow the publication of a April 23 article in which “The Daily News” alleged that two young girls had witnessed the beheading of their mother by alleged Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) supporters in the rural area of Magunje. Andrew Meldrum, a Zimbabwean permanent resident and correspondent for the British newspaper “The Guardian”, was arrested on May 2 over the same story, which was carried by “The Guardian”. In a April 27 front-page story, “The Daily News” apologised to the ruling party, ZANU-PF, and to the government after it was revealed that the husband of the victim had misled the newspaper. ALERT DATE: 2002-05-13 INSTITUTION(S): Local and international media VIOLATION(S): Legislation The May 12, 2002 edition of Zimbabwe’s state owned newspaper “The Sunday Mail” reported that the ruling Zimbabwe African National Unity Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) party intends to sue all the media organisations that carried the story that was published by “The Daily News” al- So This Is Democracy? 221
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