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State of the media in Southern Africa 2002 ano apenas sete delegações estavam a funcionar. Durante o ano, não foi feito nenhum esforço para unir as associações existentes. Actualmente há mais de 15 associações de jornalistas e cerca do mesmo número de clubes da imprensa. No ano de 2002 não se registou uma alteração significativa no meio legal e constitucional do país, no qual a comunicação social opera. A atmosfera pode melhorar substancialmente durante 2003 se todos os desenvolvimentos positivos forem frutuosos. O desafio que se enfrenta é o dos jornalistas serem capazes de fortalecer a comunicação social como forma de conceder poder, informação e esclarecimentos. Devem continuar com a sua luta por um sistema de imprensa livre, uma vez que, sem a devida autonomia e um meio livre, é difícil visionar como a comunicação social poderá realizar o seu potencial como agente da democratização. Consequentemente, os meios de comunicação social deveriam procurar como melhor podem desenvolver as suas funções democráticas. Deveriam colocar o interesse público acima doutras considerações. 2002 136 So This Is Democracy?
TANZANIA State of the media in Southern Africa 2002 ALERT DATE: 2002-02-15 PERSON(S): Jenerali Ulimwengu VIOLATION(S): Expelled The government has turned down an application for naturalisation by Jenerali Ulimwengu, a veteran journalist and publisher. Ulimwengu, aged 53, is chairman of Habari Corporation and publisher of the highly regarded and fiercely independent newspapers “Rai”, “Mtanzania” and “The African”, which have often run foul of the government by writing revealing stories and biting commentaries about corruption in high places. In 2001, in a move that shocked many, the government announced that Ulimwengu and three other individuals had been stripped of their citizenship for allegedly failing to prove their parents’ citizenship. The four individuals were all advised to apply for naturalisation to address “technical problems.” On Wednesday February 13, 2002 it was revealed that all except Ulimwengu had been granted naturalisation by the Minister of Home Affairs. According to MISA’s Tanzanian chapter (MISA-Tanzania), this move has confirmed fears, expressed last year, that the whole affair was organised to punish Ulimwengu for his journalistic activities. Ulimwengu’s ‘s critical newspaper articles and weekly television programme have often irked the authorities. ALERT DATE: 2002-05-08 PERSON(S): George Maziku VIOLATION(S): Legislation George Maziku, a correspondent for “Mwananchi” newspaper, is facing a criminal case after being interrogated and detained by the police for several hours. He is alleged to have displayed “contempt of Parliament” by writing a seditious article against Parliament. In his column that appeared on April 7, 2002, entitled “Mabadiliko ya Sheria ya Uchaguzi yanakusudia nini?” (Where does electoral law reform lead us?), Maziku explained how the law reform is used to legalise different election scenarios in favour of the ruling Revolutionary Party of Tanzania (CCM). National Assembly Speaker Pius Msekwa wrote to the editor of “Mwananchi” on April 9, saying that according to Provision No. 3 of the 1988 Parliamentary Immunities, Powers and Privileges Act, Maziku’s newspaper article misrepresented the intentions of Parliament. Msekwa explained that by doing so, the journalist faces a charge of “willful misrepresentation”. On April 12, Maziku received a letter from National Assembly Clerk Kipenka Musa, summoning him to report to the National Assembly to explain himself. The attorney general was instructed by the speaker of Parliament to take legal action against the journalist. Maziku was detained for some time by the police and has since been released on bail. The correspondent has yet to be officially charged but is looking for a lawyer to assist him. He claims he is terrified by the potential outcome of a court case and is considering seeking asylum beyond the country’s bor- So This Is Democracy? 137
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REGIONAL OVERVIEW State of the medi
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