1 1.10 Application of estuarine and coastal classifications in marine ...

and cottages, and tourism related companies. This information is useful in assessing the impact
of different zoning scenarios on the marine and coastal tourism associated economy. For
example, if a zoning regulation prohibits development of docks, hotels or boating then the cost
can be calculated for specific regions. Furthermore, the information can be combined to show the
overall picture of the economy geographically
1.10.11.1 Classifying and Mapping Ecosystem Services
Ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain either directly or indirectly from
ecological systems (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment 2003) and are a critical component of
comprehensive marine spatial planning. An ecosystems services approach to valuing marine
biodiversity is recognized as a framework by which economic, ecological and social values can
be incorporated into the decision making process (Rees et al. 2010) and inclusion can help to
promote efficient strategies for biodiversity conservation and anticipate stakeholder conflicts
(Beaumont et al. 2007). Naidoo et al. (2008) argued that to understand the interaction between
biodiversity and ecosystem services, values must be quantified and their areas of production
mapped. An increasing amount of spatially-explicit information is being collected on the
ecological and socio-economic value of goods and services associated with coastal ecosystems
(Chan et al. 2006). De Groot et al. (2002) defined 23 ecosystem functions with a wide range of
examples of goods and services provided by these functions that can be classified into three
groups: 1.) ecological, 2.) socio-cultural, and 3.) economic value. Troy and Wilson (2006)
developed a spatial framework for the analysis of ecosystem service values (ESVs) through
integration of biophysical land use units classified from remotely sensed data with estimates of
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