1 1.10 Application of estuarine and coastal classifications in marine ...

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Lynda Radke, Ph.D. Marine and Coastal Environment Group Geoscience Australia GPO Box 378 Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia lynda.radke@ga.gov.au Dawn J. Wright, Ph.D. Department of Geosciences Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331-5506 United States of America dawn@dusk.geo.orst.edu *Corresponding author Keywords: change analysis, classification, conservation prioritization, habitat mapping, marine spatial planning, ocean zoning, seascapes, spatial valuation. 2
SYNOPSIS Coastal and marine classifications, both spatially explicit in the form of maps and non-spatial representations of the environment are critical to the effective implementation of management strategies such as marine spatial planning. This chapter provides a wide range of classifications and classified maps developed to simplify and communicate biological, physical, social and economic patterns in support of enhanced management decision making. Examples are provided from around the world and span a range of spatial scales from global classifications to those for individual bays and estuaries. Limitations, future challenges and priority management needs are discussed. 1.10.1 INTRODUCTION In the coastal environment, ecological processes interact across land and sea to create complex dynamic spatial patterns in physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic attributes. The biophysical components (e.g., species, geology, climate, ocean circulation, etc.) of coastal ecosystems provide the environmental template on which human activities occur and this heterogeneity inevitably means that some places will be more productive, more diverse, more stable, more commercially valuable, more susceptible to climate change or more resilient than other areas. The widespread recognition that coastal environments are spatially heterogeneous and are being adversely impacted by multiple stressors, many of which are directly related to human activity, has reinforced the need for coordinated efforts to effectively monitor, assess and judiciously manage ecosystems within a spatial framework (Crowder and Norse 2008). Here we use the term “marine spatial management” to encompass a diverse range of management 3
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Page 25 and 26: intertidal zones, and shallow coast
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Page 29 and 30: y the Massachusetts Oceans Act (200
Page 31 and 32: eight color coded zones to provide
Page 33 and 34: appropriate place to investigate fe
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information at the species level. I
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1.10.8.4 Classifying and Mapping Hu
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map of the entire Australian shorel
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within 11 regions, leading to an ov
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enhancement of certain functions in
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achieved by identifying barriers to
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ecosystem service values extracted
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1.10.12 FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND PRIOR
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1.10.12.1 Linking Patterns and Proc
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approach. New classifications will
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Arundel, H. and Mount, R. 2007. Nat
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Connell, J. H. 1978. Diversity in t
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Duke. N.C., Meynecke, J.O., Dittman
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Green, A.L., C.E. Birkeland, R.H. R
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Hiddink, J. G., Jennings, S., Kaise
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Kostylev, V., Todd, B.J., Fader, G.
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Maxwell, D.L., Stelzenmüller, V.,
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Spatial and temporal patterns in fi
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Sharples, C. 2006. Indicative Mappi
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Wells, S., Ravilous, C., Corcoran,
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FIGURE LEGENDS Figure 1. A) Classes
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Figure 10. Ecological evaluation in
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Figure 21. Combining 'intolerance'
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selected planning units in gray ins
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Box 2. Classifications as thematic
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Figure 1. 1
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Figure 3. 3
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Figure 11. 11
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Figure 15. Fishing effort (hrs/day)
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Figure 19. 100% Conversion. 80% 60%
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Figure 21. 21
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Figure 33. 33
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