(best examples and good practices) on household organic waste ...

88
6.Italy
The Italian strategy
Italy uses two methods for MSW treatment: L<strong>and</strong>filling <strong>and</strong> separate collection of waste. This
strategy has made Italy’s regions to define instruments with which the mixed waste stream will be
diverted from L<strong>and</strong>filling which is considered to be the worst scenario for waste management
nowadays. Separate collection, especially of biodegradable fractions of municipal waste but also of
packaging waste, plays the most important role. Though there are differences in waste management
strategies between different regions in Italy. For example the northern regions focus more on
composting <strong>and</strong> incineration while the southern regions use more mechanical biological treatment
(MBT process). A national target is set for every region (which has to be achieved) <strong>and</strong> refers to the
quantity of waste that has been diverted from l<strong>and</strong>filling. These targets have been defined in
kilograms per inhabitant in order to improve monitoring at the local level. Italy has reached a target
of (50% diversion from l<strong>and</strong>filling in 2006) something that keeps evolving. There is, however, a
considerable difference between the performance of the northern regions <strong>and</strong> the southern <strong>and</strong>
central regions a fact that has to do with the plan that each region follows, Socioeconomic
parameters, etc. (EEA Report No 7/.,2009)
6.1. Waste management situation
Italy has traditionally l<strong>and</strong>filled most of its waste, although schemes for
recovering materials such as wood <strong>and</strong> paper have been rooted in society, Italy
still l<strong>and</strong>filled 82 % of its BMW in 1995. Although Italy could have got a
derogation period from the L<strong>and</strong>fill Directive's targets on l<strong>and</strong>filling BMW it
decided not to do so. BMW generation increased by 20 % until 2005, which
makes it more difficult to meet the L<strong>and</strong>fill Directive targets, as they are based
on the reference year 1995. The increase may partly result from economic
growth <strong>and</strong> improved waste statistics. (EEA Report No 7/.,2009)