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245 Danish EPA, 2004, ‘Waste statistics 2001’, Demetrakakes, (1996), Wringing success. ‘Food Processing’, Diaz, L. F., G. M. Savage, <strong>and</strong> C. G. Golueke (1982) “Final Processing,” Chap. 11 in Resource Recovery from Municipal Solid Wastes, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL Diaz, L. F., G.M. Savage, L. L. Eggerth, <strong>and</strong> C. G. Golueke (1993) Composting <strong>and</strong> Recycling Municipal Solid Waste, Lewis Publishers, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI. Diaz, L. F., et al. (1977)’ Public Health Aspects of Composting Combined Refuse <strong>and</strong> Sludge <strong>and</strong> of the Leachates Therefrom’, University of California, Berkeley, CA. Dubanowitz J. Alex<strong>and</strong>er.,2000,’ Design of a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) For Processing the Recyclable Materials of New York City’s Municipal Solid Waste’ Department of Earth <strong>and</strong> Environmental Engineering Fu Foundation School of Engineering <strong>and</strong> Applied Science Columbia University El-Fadel, M., Findikakis, A.N., Leckie, J.O., 1997. ‘Environmental Impacts of Solid L<strong>and</strong>filling’. Journal of Environmental Management El-shafey, e. i., gameiro, m. l. f., correia, p. f. m. <strong>and</strong> de carvalho, j. m. r. (2004), ‘Dewatering brewers spent grain using a membrane filter press: a pilot plant study’ Separation Science <strong>and</strong> Technology. EPA., 2008 ‘Current Anaerobic Digestion Technologies Used for Treatment of Municipal Organic Solid Waste’ EPA.,1995 ‘Decision Maker’s guide to Solid Waste Management’, Second Edition European Commission, (2006). ‘Integrated Pollution Prevention <strong>and</strong> Control Reference Document on the Best Available Techniques for Waste Incineration’ Forrest, P., Heaven, S. <strong>and</strong> S<strong>and</strong>els, C. ,(1990) ‘Sorting at Source, Separation of Domestic Refuse’. Save Waste <strong>and</strong> Prosper, Leeds, UK. Fred Lee G., PhD, PE, BCEE, F.ASCE <strong>and</strong> Anne Jones-Lee, PhD.,2010 updated ‘Flawed Technology of Subtitle D L<strong>and</strong>filling of Municipal Solid Waste’ Fricke K., W. Muller, M. Turk <strong>and</strong> R. Wallmann (1997) ‘St<strong>and</strong> der Technik der mechanischbiologischem Restabfallbeh<strong>and</strong>lung, in BWKArbeitsgruppe ‘Restabfallbeh<strong>and</strong>lung’,
246 Flaga A., 2003 Sludge Drying, Institute of Heat Engineering <strong>and</strong> Air Protection, Cracow University of Technology Gardner, N., B. Manley <strong>and</strong> J. Pearson. (1993). ‘Gas Emission from L<strong>and</strong>fills <strong>and</strong> their Contributions to Global Warming’. Applied Energy, Gidarakos E. (2006).’ Hazardous Waste, Management, Treatment, Disposal’, Zigos Editions, Thessaloniki Golueke, C.G., <strong>and</strong> P. H. McGauhey (1955) “Reclamation of Municipal Refuse by Composting,” Technical Bulletin 9, Sanitary Engineering Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley He Xin-Tao, Traina SJ, Logan TJ (1992) ‘Chemical properties of municipal solid waste composts’. J Environ Qual ISRI (1998) Guidelines for Nonferrous Scrap, Ferrous Scrap, Glass Cullet,Paper Stock, Plastic Scrap, ISRI Scrap Specifications Circular 1998, Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries, (www.isri.org/specs/). ISRI (2003) Technical Report 2002-03, Information Science Research Institute, University of Nevada, Las Vegas Jørgensen, S.E., Johnses, I., 1981, ‘Principles of environmental science <strong>and</strong> technology’. leung, w. w. f. (1998), ‘Torque requirement for high solids centrifugal sludge dewatering’. Filtration <strong>and</strong> Separation Lohri Christian Riuji., 2009. Bachelor Thesis. ‘Research on anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste at household level in Dar El Salam. M, Tanzania’, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences Ludwig, C., S. Hellulg, S. Stuike, 2003, ‘Municipal Solid Waste Management’, Kassim S.M., Ali M., (2006): ‘Solid waste collection by the private sector: Households ’ perspective Findings from a study in Dares Salaam city, Tanzania’ Habitat International Krebs Georg - Peter Commerford - B<strong>and</strong>ula Welungoda - Andritz AG ,Andritz Pty Ltd ,Andritz-Ruthner, Inc.,2007 ‘Energy-Efficient Sludge Drying’
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National Technical University of At
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3.3.4. Landfill sy
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10.4.2.Susteren sewage treatment <s
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Figure 44.: Västerås concept ....
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Picture 30.: The heat exchanger sys
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(Table 8.): The Ljungsjöverket pla
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2 1. Bio-WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATI
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4 The Directive envisages the possi
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6 In the Commission's estimation, a
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8 of yard waste and</strong
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10 conditions (i.e., as brief as a
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12 Picture2.: View of machine used
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14 In-Vessel Composting Systems In
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16 The duration of the composting p
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18 Figure 7.: Principal emissions f
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20 2.2 Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 2.2
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22 4. Finally, methanogenic organis
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24 If the proper conditions cannot
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26 Considerations such as the desig
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28 to the viscosity of the feed, th
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30 The Netherlands
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32 Heavy metals in digestate usuall
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34 3. Large scale biodegradable was
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36 power and 1,200
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38 filtration or electrostatic prec
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40 acceptable range, but reduce the
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42 Rotary kiln furnaces Rotary kiln
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44 It has been processed an
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46 Heavy metals can be grouped into
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48 choices for a commercial plant w
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50 Gasification (Figure.19) using o
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52 AC plasma CO2 plasma arc Microwa
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54 pulled through an induced draft
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56 the non-biodegradables a
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58 3.3.8. Bioreactor land</
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60 4. Materials Sorting Processes 4
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62 Plastics Plastics (Fiqure.32) po
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64 separate containers. There are a
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66 The sorting of recyclables may b
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68 4.5. Mechanical and</str
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70 glass breakage on the tipping fl
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72 within solution under the influe
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74 material, and t
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76 changing pole configuration or w
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78 4.7. Mechanical Biological Treat
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80 Biological processing compartmen
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82 equivalence considerations <stro
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84 5.2. Waste streams considered in
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86 Figure 27.: Percentage of munici
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88 6.Italy The Italian strategy Ita
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90 Italy also set targets for colle
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92 (Figure 30.). The quality of com
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94 a controlled environment with wa
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96 Picture 11.: The Corteolona plan
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98 The building in the foreground h
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100 compost their garden waste. The
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102 The total amount of waste produ
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104 7. Germany 7.1. Waste managemen
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106 has been specified only for som
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108 7.3. Best practices</st
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110 The installation has different
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112 The sludge is placed into a lar
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114 Picture 22.: Air mixing mechani
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116 Finally the dried sludge is bee
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118 process treats the wastes as co
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120 consumption is about 0.7 x106 k
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122 Picture 30.: The heat exchanger
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124 used for the construction of l<
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126 International’. In the Drum D
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128 Picture 34.: Delivery crane in
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130 industrial processes, where <st
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132 industry, mixes the waste <stro
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134 8. Sweden The Swedish strategy
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136 joint committee or local govern
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138 upon the number of collected fr
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140 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Hazard
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142 Anaerobic digestion also produc
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144 Hässleholm 12,300 10,120 Karls
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146 distributed either through gas
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148 mentioned in earlier. (Chemical
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150 Picture 39.: Public fuelling st
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152 The pumpable organic waste is b
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154 purchased by AGA and</s
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156 Picture 43.: Paper bag with hou
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158 (Table 8.): The Ljungsjöverket
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160 Figure 46.: Schematic operation
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162 9. United Kingdom The British S
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164 9.2. Waste quantities 2008 The
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166 9.3. Best practices</st
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168 The partners collect around 840
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170 Figure 51.: Quantity of waste c
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172 The company recycles wood, meta
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174 (26,650) of all households acro
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176 Recycling Bins which are emptie
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178 distance path. Since 1981, the
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180 The scheme in operation in Wye
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182 The method of composting the ga
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184 such as: Waste, Management (of
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186 heterogeneous in composition <s
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188 2000 2004 2005 2006 Total 63,24
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190 All domestic waste/recycling co
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192 The end product is made into a
Page 205 and 206: 194 10.4.4. The Moerdijk incinerati
Page 207 and 208: 196 11. Greece The Greeks Strategy
Page 209 and 210: 198 The encouragement of rational o
Page 211 and 212: 200 Picture 55.: Panoramic View of
Page 213 and 214: 202 Four (4) ballistic separators
Page 215 and 216: 204 Picture 58.: View of Composting
Page 217 and 218: 206 Picture 59.: Refinery Unit at A
Page 219 and 220: 208 Unit for Treatment of Air Emiss
Page 221 and 222: 210 Picture 60.: Chania MBT plant (
Page 223 and 224: 212 A biological stabilization is t
Page 225 and 226: 214 Picture 66.: Prototype composti
Page 227 and 228: 216 Picture 69.: Psitallia sewage s
Page 229 and 230: 218 Figure 56.: Process description
Page 231 and 232: 220 Since ARTI-TZ started dissemina
Page 233 and 234: 222 Picture 74.: Construction of AD
Page 235 and 236: 224 biodegradables be isolated <str
Page 237 and 238: 226 Picture 77.: The physical separ
Page 239 and 240: 228 solution are fermented (e.g., s
Page 241 and 242: 230 Picture 78.: Transportation of
Page 243 and 244: 232 Picture 80.: Loofen company’s
Page 245 and 246: 234 The interior parts of both the
Page 247 and 248: 236 Figure 61.: Coway high capacity
Page 249 and 250: 238 13.3.1. Coway model (WM05-A) In
Page 251 and 252: 240 13.3.3. Coway model (WM03) The
Page 253 and 254: 242 13.5. DUO Enterprise Ltd Food g
Page 255: 244 References: Beyea, J., J. Cook,
Page 259 and 260: 248 Peigne, J., Girardin, P., 2004.
Page 261 and 262: 250 Internet sources: ACM Waste Man
Page 263 and 264: 252 Hellenic Statistical Authority.
Page 265 and 266: 254 Warwick District Council., 2010
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