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167 All partners work together to provide an integrated solution to Hampshire’s municipal waste (Table 9.) Basingstoke & Deane Borough Council East Hampshire District Council Eastleigh Borough Council Fareham Borough Council Gosport Borough Council Hampshire County Council (Project Integra) Partners Hart District Council Havant Borough Council New Forest District Council Portsmouth City Council Rushmoor Borough Council Southampton City Council Test Valley Borough Council Veolia Environmental Services (formerly HWS) Winchester City Council (Table 9.): Project Integra Parners (Hampshire County council, 2009)
168 The partners collect around 840,000 tons of waste per year. The Project Integra Partnership provides an integrated network of facilities to manage this: Waste collected by collection authorities that are not close to an appropriate facility is deposited at one of 8 transfer stations from where it is transported in bulk to the appropriate facility; Two material recovery facilities (MRFs) sort the co-mingled recyclables into the different materials <strong>and</strong> sell them for reprocessing; The materials analysis facility (MAF) undertakes the analysis of comingled recyclables to identify individual contamination rates for each authority. Other analysis is also undertaken to support projects by Project Integra <strong>and</strong> its partners; A glass reprocessing facility h<strong>and</strong>les all the glass collected by the partners – ensuring that it is processed to st<strong>and</strong>ards that ensure that almost all of it can be sold for re-melt into glass containers; Three composting sites process the garden waste collected at the kerbside <strong>and</strong> at HWRCs into br<strong>and</strong>ed compost called Pro-Grow. Pro- Grow is sold back to local households <strong>and</strong> businesses as a soil conditioner; All kerbside waste not collected for recycling or composting is sent to one of the three energy recovery facilities (ERFs) where it is burned – enough energy is recovered from the facilities annually to power 50,000 homes; Ash from the ERFs is processed to recover metals which are recycled <strong>and</strong> also to create an aggregate substitute that is used locally in road construction; Small amounts of residues from processing facilities as well as material that is not suitable for energy recovery are sent to a l<strong>and</strong>fill site. ( Hampshire County council, 2009) Hampshire was hailed as an example of <strong>good</strong> practice for its partnership approach to waste management in the 2002 government strategy report ‘Waste NotWant Not’. In addition, in 2000-2001, Project Integra was attributed ‘Beacon Council Status’ in the first year of the awards, in the category ‘sustainable development – dealing with waste’.
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National Technical University of At
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3.3.4. Landfill sy
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10.4.2.Susteren sewage treatment <s
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Figure 44.: Västerås concept ....
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Picture 30.: The heat exchanger sys
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(Table 8.): The Ljungsjöverket pla
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2 1. Bio-WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATI
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4 The Directive envisages the possi
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6 In the Commission's estimation, a
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8 of yard waste and</strong
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10 conditions (i.e., as brief as a
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12 Picture2.: View of machine used
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14 In-Vessel Composting Systems In
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16 The duration of the composting p
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18 Figure 7.: Principal emissions f
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20 2.2 Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 2.2
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22 4. Finally, methanogenic organis
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24 If the proper conditions cannot
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26 Considerations such as the desig
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28 to the viscosity of the feed, th
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30 The Netherlands
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32 Heavy metals in digestate usuall
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34 3. Large scale biodegradable was
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36 power and 1,200
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38 filtration or electrostatic prec
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40 acceptable range, but reduce the
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42 Rotary kiln furnaces Rotary kiln
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44 It has been processed an
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46 Heavy metals can be grouped into
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48 choices for a commercial plant w
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50 Gasification (Figure.19) using o
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52 AC plasma CO2 plasma arc Microwa
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54 pulled through an induced draft
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56 the non-biodegradables a
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58 3.3.8. Bioreactor land</
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60 4. Materials Sorting Processes 4
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62 Plastics Plastics (Fiqure.32) po
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64 separate containers. There are a
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66 The sorting of recyclables may b
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68 4.5. Mechanical and</str
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70 glass breakage on the tipping fl
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72 within solution under the influe
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74 material, and t
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76 changing pole configuration or w
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78 4.7. Mechanical Biological Treat
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80 Biological processing compartmen
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82 equivalence considerations <stro
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84 5.2. Waste streams considered in
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86 Figure 27.: Percentage of munici
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88 6.Italy The Italian strategy Ita
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90 Italy also set targets for colle
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92 (Figure 30.). The quality of com
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94 a controlled environment with wa
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96 Picture 11.: The Corteolona plan
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98 The building in the foreground h
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100 compost their garden waste. The
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102 The total amount of waste produ
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104 7. Germany 7.1. Waste managemen
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106 has been specified only for som
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108 7.3. Best practices</st
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110 The installation has different
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112 The sludge is placed into a lar
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114 Picture 22.: Air mixing mechani
Page 127 and 128: 116 Finally the dried sludge is bee
Page 129 and 130: 118 process treats the wastes as co
Page 131 and 132: 120 consumption is about 0.7 x106 k
Page 133 and 134: 122 Picture 30.: The heat exchanger
Page 135 and 136: 124 used for the construction of l<
Page 137 and 138: 126 International’. In the Drum D
Page 139 and 140: 128 Picture 34.: Delivery crane in
Page 141 and 142: 130 industrial processes, where <st
Page 143 and 144: 132 industry, mixes the waste <stro
Page 145 and 146: 134 8. Sweden The Swedish strategy
Page 147 and 148: 136 joint committee or local govern
Page 149 and 150: 138 upon the number of collected fr
Page 151 and 152: 140 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Hazard
Page 153 and 154: 142 Anaerobic digestion also produc
Page 155 and 156: 144 Hässleholm 12,300 10,120 Karls
Page 157 and 158: 146 distributed either through gas
Page 159 and 160: 148 mentioned in earlier. (Chemical
Page 161 and 162: 150 Picture 39.: Public fuelling st
Page 163 and 164: 152 The pumpable organic waste is b
Page 165 and 166: 154 purchased by AGA and</s
Page 167 and 168: 156 Picture 43.: Paper bag with hou
Page 169 and 170: 158 (Table 8.): The Ljungsjöverket
Page 171 and 172: 160 Figure 46.: Schematic operation
Page 173 and 174: 162 9. United Kingdom The British S
Page 175 and 176: 164 9.2. Waste quantities 2008 The
Page 177: 166 9.3. Best practices</st
Page 181 and 182: 170 Figure 51.: Quantity of waste c
Page 183 and 184: 172 The company recycles wood, meta
Page 185 and 186: 174 (26,650) of all households acro
Page 187 and 188: 176 Recycling Bins which are emptie
Page 189 and 190: 178 distance path. Since 1981, the
Page 191 and 192: 180 The scheme in operation in Wye
Page 193 and 194: 182 The method of composting the ga
Page 195 and 196: 184 such as: Waste, Management (of
Page 197 and 198: 186 heterogeneous in composition <s
Page 199 and 200: 188 2000 2004 2005 2006 Total 63,24
Page 201 and 202: 190 All domestic waste/recycling co
Page 203 and 204: 192 The end product is made into a
Page 205 and 206: 194 10.4.4. The Moerdijk incinerati
Page 207 and 208: 196 11. Greece The Greeks Strategy
Page 209 and 210: 198 The encouragement of rational o
Page 211 and 212: 200 Picture 55.: Panoramic View of
Page 213 and 214: 202 Four (4) ballistic separators
Page 215 and 216: 204 Picture 58.: View of Composting
Page 217 and 218: 206 Picture 59.: Refinery Unit at A
Page 219 and 220: 208 Unit for Treatment of Air Emiss
Page 221 and 222: 210 Picture 60.: Chania MBT plant (
Page 223 and 224: 212 A biological stabilization is t
Page 225 and 226: 214 Picture 66.: Prototype composti
Page 227 and 228: 216 Picture 69.: Psitallia sewage s
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218 Figure 56.: Process description
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220 Since ARTI-TZ started dissemina
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222 Picture 74.: Construction of AD
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224 biodegradables be isolated <str
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226 Picture 77.: The physical separ
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228 solution are fermented (e.g., s
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230 Picture 78.: Transportation of
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232 Picture 80.: Loofen company’s
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234 The interior parts of both the
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236 Figure 61.: Coway high capacity
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238 13.3.1. Coway model (WM05-A) In
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240 13.3.3. Coway model (WM03) The
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242 13.5. DUO Enterprise Ltd Food g
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244 References: Beyea, J., J. Cook,
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246 Flaga A., 2003 Sludge Drying, I
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248 Peigne, J., Girardin, P., 2004.
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250 Internet sources: ACM Waste Man
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252 Hellenic Statistical Authority.
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254 Warwick District Council., 2010
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